MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL, 
THE SABBATH AND THE HUMAN niTELLECT. 
Divink authority separates the day from 
all other use but that of spiritual improve¬ 
ment, in whatever mode there may be gain¬ 
ed a greater likeness to the heavenly world; 
which cultivation of the heart cannot be car¬ 
ried on without the happiest effect upon the 
intellectual powers. Luther’s maxim, “to 
pray well is to study well,” contains the 
principle that the heart and the intellect 
advance together in iraprovcmciit, and ap¬ 
plies" to tite c^T before us. 
The honored Sabbath, by the very na¬ 
ture of its dutj^ *bring3 men into contact 
with those sxiblhue ;^d glorious themes 
which are eminentlyto irrvigorate, 
stimulate and expand tTOir^ainds. The 
being, and attributes, and* government of 
God, the amazing destinies of the human 
soul, the wonders of redemption—such 
themes rouse the mind, animate its activity, 
stimulate to most deep and solemn thought, 
and powerfully act upon the production of 
mental strength and vigor. 
The public preaching of the Gospel, 
which the Sabbath sustains, presents to tlie 
minds of men a vast variety of most deep¬ 
ly interesting subjects of contemplation, in 
the discussion of which an immense amount 
of the most valuable information, of differ¬ 
ent kinds, is necessarily thrown upon the 
mind. The able preacher of the Gospel 
will draw upon all the resources of human 
learning, from every art and every science, 
to enable him to illustrate and enforce his 
positions. Mental improvement cannot but 
Written for the Ruml New-Y’orker. 
SKY-WATCHERS. 
LIST OF PATENTS 
ISSUKD FROM TH£ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, 
For the week ending April 2, 185(E 
BY WENTWORTH. 
‘ To A. Keeney, of Carlisle, Pa., for improve' 
^ ment in agitating coal grates. 
The stars, the glorious stars, 
In Heaven's immensity. 
Are gazing fondly down, 
I.ike blessed things on me ; 
«J that my soul might hold 
Companionship with them. 
Far from the woe.s of earth. 
Far from the haunts of men. 
Those orbs are Angel’s eyes — 
Ah, beam they brightly now. 
Shed the soft, tender light 
Of Heaven upon my browr; 
Each zephyr, breathing low 
Is e’en an Angel's .sigh — 
Each dew-gem is a tear 
Dropped from an .Angol's eye. 
Say, Heavenly watchers, when 
Thy silent vigil.s o’er 
Is thine the holy light 
That shines forever more ? 
Is thine the gentle voice 
That speaks the soul forgiven. 
And points tlic erring up, 
In confidence, to Heaven? 
Not while the frantic fount 
Of feeling holds its sway. 
Shall those soft beaming lights 
Withdraw one pitying ray 1 
Ah 1 not while sorrow floats 
On every passing breath, 
And yti'th and love are chilled 
By the bleak blast of Death I 
Rochester, April, 1850. 
To J, F. Lawrence & L. A. Farnsworth, of 
Claremont, N. H., for improved blind and shutter 
opener and fastener. 
To O. B. Loomis, of Windsor, Conn., for im¬ 
provement in Rotarj’ Churns. 
To J. W. McEiivee, of Philadelphia, Pa., for 
improvement in Spring Alatresses. 
To C. Perlcy, of New York, N. Y., for improve¬ 
ments in cat-head and shank painter stoppers. 
To F. M. Ray, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in the manufacture of India rubber 
springs for cars, &c. 
To J. Sweet, of Flughesville, Pa., for improved 
removable teeth for scrapers. 
To H. Tucker, of Cambridge, Mass., for im¬ 
proved Mantel-piece. 
To S. E. Winslow, of Kensington, Penn., for 
spring, inclined plane and roller sash stopper. 
For the week ending April 9, 1850. 
To Wm. P. Barnard, of Bristol, Conn., for im¬ 
proved arrangement of door springs and levers. 
To fl. Billings, of Beardstown, III., for compo¬ 
sition for covering hams. > 
To D. II. Chamberlain, (Assignor to Homers 
Ladd) of Bo.ston, Mass., for improvement in di¬ 
viders and compa.s8es. 
To J. FL Dalton «Si Thos. Stevens, New Vien¬ 
na, Ohio, for improved entrance to bee-hives. 
To A. Dietz, of New York, N. Y'., for improvo- 
raent in rings for liarne.ss, «!kc. 
To J. Dixon, of Jersey City, N. J., for process 
for making cast-steel. 
Tc M. Finkle, of Utica, N. Y., for improvement 
in machiner}' for making wire heddles. 
To .1. Johnson, of Geneseo, N. Y., for improved 
method of working the pall in parallel vices. 
To Wm. G. Ladd, Jr., of Cambridge, Mass., 
for improvement in the fluid level. 
To S. Lewis, of Tiffin, Ohio, for improvement 
in machiner) for ■cutting screws on the rails of 
bedsteads. 
To J. liow, of New Britain, Conn., for improve¬ 
ment in harness hamos. 
To C. Mortimer, of Philadelphia, Pa., for pro¬ 
cess of making paint from bituminous coal. 
To J. A. Pease, of Philadelphia, Pa., for elastic 
roller and sash bearer. 
To J. Peirson, of Wilmington, Del., for improve¬ 
ment in gearing for seed-planters. 
To W. H. Phillips, of Surrey, England, for im¬ 
provement in apparatus for extinguishing fires.— 
Patented in England, Doc. 4, 1844; in America, 
April 9, 1850. 
To A. Nash, of Logansport, Ind., for improve¬ 
ment in endless aprons for threshers. 
To L. B. Pitcher, of Syracuse, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in hydraulic regulators for machinery. 
Ante dated March 23, 1850. 
To J. 1). Price, of Smithsburg, Md., for improve¬ 
ment in apparatus for sprinkling streets, &c. 
To J. F". Reasin, of Darlington, Md., for im¬ 
provement in plow cleaners. 
To A. M. Rice, (Assignor to S. II. Lombard 
& A. M. Rice.) of Boston, Mass., for improve¬ 
ment in chimney caps. 
To D. G. Starkey, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in oil cans. 
To B. M. Town.send, of Quincy, Ill., for im¬ 
provement in machines for raking and loading hay. 
ToM. Wilder, of Princeton, .Mass., for improve¬ 
ment in wing gudgeons. 
ADDITIONAE IMPROVEMENTS. 
To J. 11. Smith, ofBrooklyn, N. Y., for improve¬ 
ment ill seperating stearine from Elaine. Patented 
April I, 1841. Improvement added April 9, 1850. 
DESIGNS. 
'Po D. L. Batlett, of Baltimore, Md., for design 
for stoves. 
To J. Crandall, of Troy, N. Y., (Assignor to A. 
Cox &. Co.,) for design for .stoves. 
To J. Wager, of Troy, N. Y., for design for 
stoves. 
The vast luxuriant tracts lying within the 
torrid zone, seem to be the favorite resi¬ 
dence of those noisy, numerous, and richly 
plumaged tribes. The Carolina parrot in¬ 
habits the interior of Louisiana, and the 
shores of the Mississippi, and Ohio, cast of 
tlie Alleghanies. It is seldom seen north 
of Maryland. Their private places of re¬ 
sort are low, rich alluvial bottoms along the 
borders of creeks; deei) and almost impen¬ 
etrable swamps filled with sycamore and 
cypress trees, and those singular salines or 
licks, so interspersed over the western coun¬ 
try. Here, too, is a great abundance of 
their favorite fruits. The seeds of the cy¬ 
press tree and beach nuts, are eagerly j 
sought after by these birds. 
The flight of the Carolina parrot is very 
much like that of the wild pigeon, in close 
compact bodies, moving with great rapidity, 
making a loud and outrageous screaming, 
like that of the red-headed woodpecker. 
Their flight is sometimes in a direct line, 
but most usually circuitou.s, making a great 
variety of elegant and easy serpentine me¬ 
anders, as if for pleasure. They generally 
i-oost in the hollow trunks of old sycamores, 
in parties of thirty or forty together. Here 
they cling fast to the sides of the tree, hold¬ 
ing by their claws and bills. They appear 
to be fond of sleep, and often retire to their 
holes during the day, probably to take their 
regular siesta. They are extremely social 
and friendly towards each other. 
They build in companies in hollow trees. 
This bird is thirteen inches long; the fore¬ 
head and cheeks are orange red; down and 
round the neck a pure yellow; the shoul¬ 
der and bend of the wings also edged with j 
rich orange red. The general color of the 
rest of the plumage is a bright yellowish 
silky green, with light blue reflections. It 
is altogether superior in elegance of figure, 
and beauty of plumage, to many of the for¬ 
eign parrots. It is docile and sociable, and 
soon becomes perfectly familiar, but cannot 
be taught to speak. These birds are rapid¬ 
ly diminishing. According to Mr. Audu¬ 
bon, very few of them are to be found north 
of Cincinnati; and there are not, at present, 
half the number along the Missis.sippi, that 
existed there liftcen years ago. 
HOW DOE S A F LY BUZZ ? 
How does a fly buzz ? is a question more 
easily asked than answered. “ With its 
wings to be sure,” hastily replies one of our 
readers. “ With its wings, as they vibrate 
upon the fiir,” responds another, with a smile 
half of contempt, half of complacency of his 
own more than common mCcisurement of 
natural philosophy. But how, then, let us 
{isk, can the great dragon-fly, and other 
similar broad-pinioned, rapid flying insects 
cut through the air with silentswiftness, while 
others go on buzzing when not upon the 
wing at all ? Rennie, who has already put 
this posing query, himself ascribes the sound 
partially to air, but to air as it plays on the 
“ edges of the wings at their origin, as with 
an aeolian harp string,” or the friction of 
some internal organ at the root of the 
wings or nerves. 
Lastly, how does the fly feed? The bu¬ 
sy, curious, thirsty fly, that “drinks with me,” 
but does not “ drink as I,” his sole instru¬ 
ment for eating or drinking being his trunk 
or suck; the narrow pipe, by means of 
which, when let down upon his dainties, lie 
is enabled to imbibe as much as suits his 
capacity. This trunk might seem an in¬ 
strument convenient enough when inserted 
into a saucer, or syrup, or applied to the 
broken surface of an over ripe blackberry, 
but we often sec our sipper of sweets quite 
as busy on a solid lump of sugar, which we 
' shall find on close inspCHiou growing “ small 
by degress’' under his Rttack. How, with- 
, out grinders, does lie accomplish the con- 
t 'umption of such chrystal condiment I A 
omifier will solve this difficulty, and show 
♦be fly dissolves his rock, Hannibal 
f.Z- ' by a diluent, a salivary fluid passing 
down Ae returns the su- 
crarLlted syrup. 
be the result of able and faithful Sabbath i 
ministrations. s 
The Sabbath operates upon the human | 
ipressible ( 
intellect in its early and most im[ 
state, and by securing it from vicious influ¬ 
ences, prevents that weakness, decrepitude 
and imjiotency certain to re.sult from the 
predominancy of sinful passions. How ma¬ 
ny millions of the young, by family instruc¬ 
tion on the Sabbath, and Sabbath School 
and sanctuary influence, are the subjects of 
the most healthful mental excitement, and 
while directly, powerfully benefitted that 
way, are indirectly benefitted by being- 
shielded from that paralyzing influence up¬ 
on the mental powers inseparable from vice. 
A distinguished infidel remarked, as he 
gave a handsome donation to a Sabbath 
School, that he did so on the ground of the 
invigorating and animating influence of that 
institution upon the Common School. 
The rest furnished by the Sabbath to the 
human intellect from the exhausting drafts 
made upon it during the week, is a most 
impoi-tant item of the account. Mental ac¬ 
tivity does not indeed cease with lovers of 
the Sabbath, but the kind is changed, and 
that occurs which serves to take the mind 
out of the old track, subject it to new im¬ 
pulses, suited to refresh and enliven it, and 
thus to sustain its healthful tone. The 
weekly journey was through the din, the 
smoke, the dust, the anxieties and excite¬ 
ments of worldly business. The Sabbath 
journey is through a goodly land, blest with 
a pure atmosphere, and fair Howers, and 
precious fruita and beautiful scenery. The 
traveler is so refreshed with what he en¬ 
joys, that he is made strong and vigorous 
for the burdens and cares of bis week-day 
pilgrimage. But he who tasks tlie mental 
LIVING IN HEARTS. 
It is better to live in hearts than in hous¬ 
es. A change of circumstances or a diso¬ 
bliging landlord, may turn one out of a house 
to which he has formed many attachments. 
Removal from place to place is with many 
an unavoidable incident of life. But one 
cannot be expelled from a true and loving 
heart, save by his own fault—nor yet al¬ 
ways by that, for attection clings tenacious¬ 
ly to its object in spite of ill-desert; — but 
go where he will, his home remtiins in hearts 
which have learned to love him ; the roots 
of affection are not torn out and destroyed 
by such removals, but they remain fixed 
deep in the heart, clinging still to the image 
of that object which they are evermore ea¬ 
ger again to clasp. When one revisits the 
home of his childhood, or the place of his 
happy abode in life’s spring-time, pleasant 
as it is to survey each familiar spot, the 
house, the garden, the trees planted by him¬ 
self or by kindred now sleeping in the dust, 
there is in the warm gi-jus]) of the hand, in 
the melting of the eye, in the kind and earn¬ 
est salutation, in the tender solicitude for 
the comfort and j)leasure of his visit, a de¬ 
light that no mere local objects of natui-e or 
art, no beautiful cottage, or shady rill, or 
quiet grove, can possibly bestow. To be 
remembered, to be loved, to live in hearts, 
this is our solace amid earthly changes, this 
our joy above all the pleasures of scene and 
place.' We love this spiritual home-feeling 
—this union of hearts which death cannot 
destroy; for it augurs — if there be heart- 
purity as well as heart-aft’ection-—an un- 
obanging and imperishable abode in hearts 
now' dear.— New York Independent. 
SHEET IRON PIPES. 
Shkkt iron pipes of a new manufacture 
have lately been introduced into England, 
from France, where they have been in use 
for several years. T’hcy are made of oheet 
iron, which is bent to the required form and 
then strongly riveted together, after which 
they are coated with an alloy of tin, and 
the longitudinal joints are soldered so as to 
render them both air-tight and water proof. 
In order to give them more stiffness, they 
are next coated on the outside with asphalte 
cement^ and, if they are intended to be used 
a.s -water-pipes, the inside is also coated 
with bitumen, which resists, like glass, the 
action of acids and alkalies. They are so 
elastic that they will bear a considerable de¬ 
flection without injuring- the pipes, or caus¬ 
ing any leakage at the joints. The vertical 
joints screw together in the same manner sis 
ca.st iron gas-pipes. These pipes have been 
used for water, for gas, and for draining, 
and are found to be moi-e economical than 
ciist iron, besides being less liable to leak, 
and for water-pipes they are more healthy 
than the common ones.— Annual of Sci¬ 
entific Discovery. 
Greatkst Weights on Railways. —Mr. 
Hawkshaw stated that locomotive engines 
are the greatest weights which can come 
on railways, and reckons If tons per foot 
linear as the greatest weight for a single 
line of railway. Mr. Fox, Mr. Fairbairn, 
and Mr. Brunei mention 1-| tons. Mr. W'. 
H. Barlow states that, on the Midland there 
arc engines on four wheels weighing 32 tons 
exclusive of the tender, but that that weight 
is too great for the permanent way, and the 
rails are crushed and flattened by it Mr. 
Stephenson and Mr. Locke state 1 ton per 
foot linear is the greatest weight which 
comes on a line of single rail.— English pa¬ 
per. 
COUNSELS FOR THE YOUNG. 
Never be cast down by trifles. If a 
spider break his thread twenty times, tw'en- 
ty times will he mend it again. Make up 
your minds to do a thing and you will do it 
Fear not, if a trouble comes upon you; keep 
up your spirits, though the day be a dark 
one. 
Mind what you run after! Never be 
content with a bubble that will burst, or 
firewood that will end in smoke and dark¬ 
ness. Get that which you can keep, and 
which is worth keeping. 
Fight hard against a hasty temper. An¬ 
ger will come, but resist it strongly. A 
spark may set a house on fire, A fit of 
p;ission may give you cause to mourn all the 
days of your life. Never revenge an injury. 
If you have an enemy, act kindly to him, 
and make him your friend. You may not 
win him over at once, but try again. Let 
one kindness be followed by another, till 
you have compassed your end. By little 
and little great thing-s are completed; and 
so repeated kindness will soften the heart of 
.stone. 
Whatever you do, do it willingly. A boy 
that is whipped to scliool never learns his 
lessons well. A man that is compelled to 
work, cares not how badly it is performed. 
He that pulls oft’ his coat cheerfully, strips 
up his sleeves in earnest, and sings while he 
works, is the man for me. 
Evil thoughts arc worse enemies than 
lions and tigers; for we can keep out of the 
way of wild beasts, but bad thoughts win 
their way everywhere. The cup that is full 
will hold no more; keep your heads and 
hearts full of good thoughts, that bad 
thoughts may find no room to enter. 
Falsehoods, like distorted reflections 
from an uneven mirror, suffer death by con¬ 
tact with each other. 
Railroad in Chill —Mr. Allen Camp¬ 
bell, C. E., of Albany, N. Y., has been cho¬ 
sen by the government of Chili, to constauct 
a railroad from Caldera to the Pacific, a dis¬ 
tance of 55 miles. The whole elevation to 
be overcome does not exceed 1,100 feet, of 
which all but four or five miles of fifty feet 
to the mile are of moderate grades. The 
great business of this road will be to trans¬ 
port copper and copper ores from the mines 
near Copiapo, which are among the richevSt 
in the world—coal for smelting purposes 
■vvdll be an imjxtrtant item, as also provisions 
for the mining region. 
A -WORK OF ART. 
The N. Y. Eve. Post says there is now 
in the Custom House a copy of the statue 
which an eminent French artist, Gayrard, 
is about to send to M. Vattemare, for pre¬ 
sentation to Congress. It is designed to 
embody the artist’s idea of the American 
Republic, and represents a young- female of 
graceful figure and majestic countenance 
seated upon a bale of cotton, whose head 
is surrounded by a halo of thirteen stars, 
and -who holds in her hand the banner of 
the nation, surroimded by the Phrygian cap. 
Her left hand rests on a helm, significant 
alike of sovereignty and maritime power.— 
At her feet is the American Eagle, and dis¬ 
tributed about the ground are emblems of 
Remarkable Mechanical Talent.— 
There is a French Canadian boy at St Hy- 
acinthe, who has constructed a working 
model of a Steam Locomotive, complete in 
all its parts, about eighteen inches in length, 
YYithout any assistance or instruction even 
in the U5e of tools. He ia only about 14 
years of a^e, and has had to make for him¬ 
self every implement necessary for his work, 
with the exception of one or two files.— 
Among these implements is a rude species 
of turmng laui!’*" making 
screws. His mojeh n.'.?‘’'e 
wLir-Fi Iio Lqc! _si-_ O/ . ’''Fencc uud 
i various kinds, such as bows and arrows, the 
j cornucopia, the plow, a sheaf of Indian 
^ corn, &c., (fee. This model is about two 
( feet in height, and rests upon a pedestal 
j conceived in good taste, the sides of which 
will be ornamented with bas relief repre- 
\\ sentations of prominent events in the iiis- 
J tory of the United States, such as the De- 
< <daration of Independence, the Treaty of 
What is this world? A dream, within 
a dream—as w'e grow older, each step has 
an inward awakening. The youth awakes 
and he thinks from childhood — the full- 
grown man despises the pursuits of youth 
as visional-}’—the old man looks on man¬ 
hood as a feverish dream. Is death the 
last sleep ? No—it is the last final awake¬ 
ning-.— Sir W^alter Scott. 
X-JLicaty 
.Peace of 1783, the Surrender of Comwal- 
H The whole reflects great credit up¬ 
on the skill and ingenuity of the artist, aifd 
.when finished in bronze, as it Is int^urtari 
A NEiv specie.? of coal has been discover¬ 
ed near Dorchester, Nova Scotia. It has a 
glossy appearance, and when lighted burns 
like' gas. Part of a cargo has arrived at 
Boston, and the chemists of that city are 
analyzing it It promises to be superior to 
Liverpool coal. 
.when linished in bronze, as it is intended to 
be, the figure, some twenty feet in height 
will fopj} a most imposing object The 
model IS sent over in advance, to get the 
criticism of competent persons, before the 
large statue is finished. 
The cheapest pleasures within the reach 
of all are the most enjoyable, but what Is 
more costly in the end than sin. 
