MOOEE’S EUEAL NEW-YOEKEE: AN AGEICULTTJEAL AND FAMILY JOIJENAL. 
204 
WiUtWmi]. 
For the Eural New-Yorker. 
“ HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY.” 
But what is honesty ? A conscientious, 
honest man never takes, nor ever desires 
the property, earnings, or labor of another, 
without giving a full remuneration in return 
— unless he requests it as charity. The 
I destitute, the poor, and the needy, realising 
' their wants, ask assistance of their fortunate 
I neighbors; but thej'" ask and receive it as 
a charitable boon, and it is a Heavenly gift 
to the giver as well as the receiver. 
The liberal man gives freely tlie fruits of 
his labors towards promoting the general 
good of society—but that is generosity, 
and always at the free option of the donor. 
But dishonesty is to get the property of 
another without returning a compensation, 
without the consent of the owner, or with¬ 
out his knowledge. And it matters not how 
righteous or holy the cause may be that the 
money is appropriated to; it is equally dis¬ 
honesty if it is obtained without the consent 
of the owner, by false representations, dis, 
honest persuasions, or even legislative en 
actments. 
There are but few in society who do 
not wish to have the good name of honesty^ 
Yet, if we qan judge men by their actions, 
there appears to be very different opinions 
of what constitutes honesty—for how many 
are there who obtain a portion of their fel¬ 
low’s earnings, without giving any remuner¬ 
ation in return—^without the consent of the 
owner, or even his knowledge — and yet 
wish to be considered honest ? 
Those who deceive others with plausible 
statements of the value of an article, and 
thus receive more than it is v.'orth —a 
they honest? 
He who lives in extravagant style, wears 
fine clothes, ornaments his garden with 
shrubs and flowers, and decorates his house 
with costly furniture, but does not pay his 
debts—is it his own money that he is spend¬ 
ing, or the earnings of another?— can he he 
honest ? Those who desire to havej their 
neighbors taxed that they may profit by it 
are they honest? 
Those who enter fervently on a holy cause, 
and call loudly on the generosity of society 
to give liberally, anfl procu^s lucrative 
offices by the calling, is it the love of self, or 
the public good that animates their zeal ?— 
They always say the latter, hut are they 
honest? 
^If a poor man, whose coat is rather much 
worn, wrongs his neighbor of a few dollars, 
he is stigmatised by public opinion as a rogue 
and punished for the act; but he who lives 
in splendor and wears a fine coat, may get 
possession of his neighbor’s property, to the 
amount of thousands, or tens of thousands, 
and continue to live in pomp—he is caress¬ 
ed by society as though he had not done 
wrong, and if he should be called to account 
for fraud he is sympathised with, and pitied 
as a persecuted man. But the begger may 
be incarcerated, or hung on the gallows — 
no one pities him — he is unworthy of no¬ 
tice. Is that just— is it honest? 
But if the ordeal of popular opinion ex¬ 
onerates crime, and pardons the actor be¬ 
cause he makes a display of wealth, the 
day will come when we all must appear be¬ 
fore the Supreme Judge of the Universe, 
who will show no partiality. The splendor 
of the monarch will receive no more favor 
than the beggar’s rags, and before Him we 
all must answer the question. Have you been 
honest as you have passed through the 
checkered scenes of life ? a w. 
The Last Word. —The last word is the 
most dangerous of infernal machines. Hus¬ 
band and wife should no more fight to get 
it, than they would struggle for the posses¬ 
sion of a lighted bomb-shell. Married peo¬ 
ple should study each other’s weak points, 
as skaters look out for the weak parts of the 
ice, in order to keep off them. Ladies who 
marry for love should remember that the 
union of angels with women has been for¬ 
bidden since the flood. The wife is the sun 
of the social system Unless she attracts, 
there is nothing to keep heavy bodies like 
husbands from flying off into space. The 
wife who would rightly discharge her du¬ 
ties, must never have a soul above “buttons.” 
Correct Taste is always true to nature; 
the “ beautiful appearance of the earth and 
heavens,” the regular change of the sea¬ 
sons, the succession of day and night, fill 
the heart of him who is influenced by it 
with rapture. The nearer works of art ap¬ 
proach the perfection of nature, the more 
consonant they are with good taste, and they 
command lasting and universal admiration. 
TRIAL AND SENTENCE OF JESUS. 
The following is a copy of the most 
memorable sentence which has ever been 
pronounced in the annals of the world; 
namely, that of death against the Savior; 
with the remarks which the Journal de 
Droit has collected^ and the knowledge of 
which must be interesting to every Chris¬ 
tian. Until now, I am not aware that it 
has ever been made public in the American 
papers. 
The sentence was word for word as fol¬ 
lows : “ Sentence is pronounced by Pontius 
Pilate, Intendent of the Lower Province of 
Galilee, that Jesus of Nazareth shall suffer 
death b}’ the cross. 
In the seventh year of reign of the Em¬ 
peror ’J'iberias, on the 25th of the month of 
March, in the most holy city of Jerusalem, 
(luring the pontificate of Annas and Caiphas. 
Pontius Pilate, Intendent of the Province 
of Lower Galilee, sitting in judgement in 
the Presidential seat of the Praetor— 
Sentences Jesus of Nazareth to death on 
a cross between two robbers, as the numer¬ 
ous and notorious testimonies of the people 
prove: 
1. Jesus is a misleader. 
2. He has excited the people to sedition. 
3. He is an enemy to the laws. 
4. He falsely calls himself the Son of God. 
5. He falsely calls himself the King of 
Israel. 
6. He went into the temple, followed by 
a multitude, carrying palms in their hands. 
Orders the first centurion, Quirillius Cor¬ 
nelius to bring him to the place of execution. 
Forbids all persons, rich or poor, to pre¬ 
vent the execution of Jesus. 
The witnesses who have signed the sen¬ 
tence against Jesus are— 
1. Daniel Robani, Pharisee; ' 
2. John Zorababel; 
3. Raphael Robani; ^ 
4. Capet 
Jesus shall be taken out of Jerusalem 
through the gates of Irunea.” 
The sentence is engraved on a plate of 
brass in the Hebrew language. A similar 
plate has been sent to each tribe. It was 
discovered in the year 1820, in the city of 
Aquila, in the kingdom of Naples, through 
a search made for Roman antiquities, and 
remained there until it was found by the 
commissioners of the arts in the French ar¬ 
my in Italy. 
Up to the time of the campaign in the 
south of Italy, it was preserved in the sa¬ 
cristy of the Carthusians, near Naples, 
where it was kept in a box of ebony. Since 
then this relic has been kept in the chapel 
of Caserta. The Carthusians obtained it 
by their petitions that the plate might be 
kept by them, which was an acknowledg¬ 
ment of the sacrifice which they made for 
the French army. The French translation 
was made literally by members of the com¬ 
mission of arts. Deuch had a fac-simile of 
the plate engraved, which was bought by 
Lord Howard, on the sale of his cabinet, 
for 2,980 francs. 
There seems to be no historical doubt as 
to the authenticity of this. The reasons of 
the sentence correspond exactly with those 
of the Gospel. 
WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE? 
Would you have wealth ? Go to work 
like a man, then, and get it. Go to work 
with a strong hand, go to work bravely, and 
you will succeed. Would you have fame? 
Go to work like a man, and win it With 
a stout heart, and untiring perseverance, 
you cannot fail to win the prize. Don’t say 
“I can’t;” if you do, you will certainly 
fail. Remember that 
“ True courage never stops to talk with fear.” 
Would you be wise ? Begin to-day, then, 
and get wisdom. Don’t put it off till to¬ 
morrow ; no man has ever sedh to-morrow; 
it never has existed, and never will exist; 
it is nothing but a phantom, an imaginary 
pleasure, that will still be a day ahead of 
you if you follow it till you die. If you 
would be truly great, learn to be truly good; 
and if you would be truly good, begin now. 
Remember that 
“ Time is our master if we sleep, 
Our servant if awake and at our post, 
Faithful and true. If thou hast aught to do. 
If thou wouldst win thyself a name—be great. 
Or good, or wise, or powerful—then seize 
The golden moments as they pass. 
To-day! 
The living moments of to-day are thine. 
Nor thou, nor angels know what lies beyond. 
INTERE STING RELICS. 
On the occasion of laying the corner 
stone of the Washington Monument at 
Richmond, Robert G. Scott, Esq., the ora¬ 
tor of the day, unfolded a garment of the 
finest texture, “which the wind carried out 
upon its bosom as if it had been silk.”— 
“ This,” said Mr. Scott, “ is the blanket in 
which General Washington, when an infant, 
was Avrapped up on his being baptized into 
the Church of Christ” “ Here, too,” said 
the speaker, holding up the insignia which 
were in his hands, “ here is the Masonic 
scarf and apron, made at La Grange by 
Madame de Lafayette, and presented by 
General de Lafayette to his Masonic broth¬ 
er, General Washington, and worn by him 
when officiating as Master of a Lo(lge in 
Alexandria.” Many other objects of inter¬ 
est connected with the history of the war, 
were also presented and incidents related. 
YOUNG MEN. 
There is no moral object so beautiful to 
me as a conscientious young man. I watch 
him as I do a star in heaven; clouds may' 
be before him, but we know that his light 
is behind him, and will beam again; the 
blaze of others’ popularity may outshine 
him, but, we know that, though unseen, he 
illuminates his own true sphere. He resists 
temptation, not without a struggle, for that 
is not virtue; he bears the sarcasm of the 
profligate, and it stings him, for that is a 
trait of virtue, but heals with his own pure 
touch. He heeds not the watchword of 
fashion if it leads to sin. The Atheist who 
says not only in his heart, but with his lips, 
“ there is no God! ”—controls him not; he 
sees the hand of a creating God and rejoices 
in it. 
Woman is sheltered by fond arms and 
loving counsel; old age is protected by ex¬ 
perience; and manhood by its strength; 
but the young man'stands amid the tempt¬ 
ations of the world, like a self-balanced 
tower. Happy he who seeks and gains the 
prop and shelter of morality. 
Onward, then, conscientious youth—raise 
thy standard and nerve thyself to goodness! 
If God has given thee intellectual power, 
awake in that cause; never let it be said of 
thee, “ he helped to swell the tide of sin by 
pouring influence into its channels.” If 
thou art feeble in mental strength, throw 
not that drop into a polluted current— 
Awake! arise young man! assume that 
beautiful garb of virtue. It is difficult to 
be pure and holy. Put on thy strength, 
then. Let truth be the lady of thy love— 
defend her.— Miss O. Oilman. 
UTILITY OF RIVERS. 
Our habitations are always unhealthy 
when surrounded by marshes and stagnant 
waters, or when a drought is produced in 
consequence of the want of water. The 
smallest river is refreshing, and cools the air; 
whilst the earth is rendered more fertile.— 
What an astonishing difference is observed 
between a country watered by various 
streams, and one to which nature lias de¬ 
nied this blessing! ■ The one is dry, barren, 
and desert; the other flourishes hke a gar¬ 
den, where woods, valleys, meadows, and 
fields, present every variety of beauty. A 
river meandering through a country, car¬ 
ries with it refreshment, abundance, and 
prosperity; and not only irrigates the roots 
of plants, but fertilizes the earth by frequent 
.inundations and continual evaporation. 
Surely then no one can be so inattentive 
and ungrateful as not to acknowledge the 
advantage of rivers, seeing that they are the 
source of such numerous blessings. The 
only inoauvenience of rivers is their being 
sometimes subject to inundations, which oc¬ 
casion very considerable damage; but this, 
compared with their many advantages, is 
trifling. 
Egyptian Burials. —The ancient Egyp¬ 
tians believed that the soul would return, 
after the lapse of ages, to inhabit, in this 
world, the same body from which it had 
been separated by death. In this belief 
commenced the process of embalming by 
which the bodies of that people have been 
preteved with wonderful integrity to the 
present day. To so extraordinary a point 
had the antiseptic art been brought, that, 
as appears from Diodorus, there was a 
mode of preservation which insured the 
preservation of the eyebrows, eyelashes, 
and the general external character of the 
person, who could be recognized by their 
form and features. “Whence,” says Dr. 
Pocock,- in his Travels through Egypt, 
“ many of the Egyptians kept the bodies of 
their ancestors in houses (but never near 
their own residences,) adorned at a very 
great expense.” The painter’s art has in 
modern times superceded these curious pic¬ 
ture-galleries.” 
Forgiveness.— My heart was heavy, for 
its trust had been abused, its kindness an¬ 
swered by foul wrong,—so turning gloomily 
from my fellow-men, one summer Sabbath 
day, I strolled along the green mounds of 
the village burial place; here I was remind¬ 
ed how all human love and hate find one 
sad level, and how, sooner or later, the 
wronged and the wrong-doer, each with a 
mockened face and cold hands folded over 
a still heart, pass the green threshold of a 
common grave, whither all footsteps tend— 
whence none depart Awed for myself, 
and pitying my race, one common sorrow, 
like a mighty wave, swept all my pride 
away, and trembling, I forgave.—J! 0. 
Whittier. 
Gravity vs. Folly. —It was a saying of 
Paley, that he who is not a fool half the 
time, is a fool all the time. Robert Hall, 
who held a similar opinion, on being re¬ 
proached by a very dull preacher, with the 
exclamation—" How can a man who preach¬ 
es like you, talk in so trifling a manner ? ” 
replied—“There, brother, is the difference 
between us; you talk your nonsense in the 
pulpit—I talk mine out of it” The emi¬ 
nent Dr. South, being* in the midst of a frol¬ 
ic on one occasion, and seeing a dignified 
unbending acquaintance approaching ex¬ 
claimed—“ Stop, we must be grave now; 
there is a fool coming! ” 
Ihecljainc Mss ^ Iclrace. 
LIST OF PATENTS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 
For the week ending June 1.1, 1850. 
To Stephen H. AiJams and John A. Wood, of 
Cohoes, N. Y., for improvement in carding and 
mixing wool and cotton. 
To Jas. Barnes, of Franklin, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in connecting whiffltrees with carriages. 
To Ransom Cook, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y., 
for improvements in hydraulic apparatus for pro¬ 
ducing blast. 
q’o F. Duraud & O. Pecqueur, of Paris, France, 
(Assignors to R. E. Rabeau, of Philadelphia, Pa.) 
for machine for cutting leather into hollow-ware 
forms. 
To Duff Green, of Dalton, Ga., for method of 
forming embankments, levees, &c. 
To W. Groat, of Troy, N. Y., for improvement 
in adjusting packing for oil boxes of axles, &c. 
To G. Morgan, of Calhoun, Tenn., for im¬ 
provements in cars for plank roads, wooden rails, 
&c. 
To C. H. Parker, of New Geneva, Pa., for im¬ 
provement in bedstead fastenings. * 
To W. F. Ressegine, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for 
improvement in spring mattresses. 
.To E. S. Snyder, of Charlestown, Va., for im¬ 
provement in threshing machines. 
To J. Stevens, of Middletown, Md., for ar¬ 
rangement of mirrors in traps. 
To J. A. Woodbury, of Boston, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in planes for tonguing and grooving 
boards, &c. 
RE-ISSUES. 
To G. Spaflbrd, of Windham, Conn., deceased, 
(Assignor to J. Campbell, of New York, N. Y.,) 
for improvement in the machine for boiling and 
washing rags for manufacturing paper. Patented 
Sept. 21st, 1840. Re-issued June 11, 1850. 
DESIGNS. 
To A. Paul, of South New Market, N. H., for 
design for stoves. 
PRINTERS’ TYPES. 
Put into a crucible 10 lbs. of lead, and 
when it is in a state of fusion, throw in 2 
lbs. of antimony; these metals in such pro¬ 
portions form the alloy of which common 
printing types are made. The antimony 
gives a hardness to the lead, without which 
the type would be speedily rendered useless 
in printing press. Different proportions of 
lead, copper, brass, and antimony, frequent¬ 
ly constitute this metal. Every artist has 
his own proportions, so that the same com¬ 
position cannot be obtained from different 
foundries; each boasts of the superiority of 
his ovm mixture. 
Small Types and Stereotype Plates .— 
Melt 9 lbs. of lead, and throw into the cru¬ 
cible 2 lbs. of antimony, and 1 Ib. of bis¬ 
muth J these metals will combinAj forming 
an alloy of a.peculiar quality. Tins quality 
is expanded as it cools; it is therefore well 
suited for the formation of small printing 
types (particularly when many are cast to¬ 
gether to form stereotype plates,) as the 
whole of the mould is accurately filled with 
the alloy; consequently there can be no 
blemish in the lettera If a metal or alloy 
liable to contract in cooling were to be usecl, 
the effect of course would be very different. 
Another. —The proprietors of different 
foundries adopt different stereotype plates. 
Some form an alloy of eight parts of lead, 
two parts of antimony, and one of tin. 
Mode of Casting. —For the manufacture 
of stereotype plates, plaster of Paris, of the 
consistence of a batter-pudding before ba¬ 
king, is poured over the letter-press page, 
with a brush. It is then collected from the 
sides by a slip of iron or wood, so as to lie 
smooth and compact In about two min¬ 
utes the whole mass is hardened into a sol¬ 
id cake. This cake, which is to serve as the 
matrix of the stereotype plate, is now put 
upon a rack in an oven where it undergoes 
great heat, so as to drive off all superfluous 
moisture. When ready for use, these 
moulds, according to their size, are placed 
in flat cast iron pots, and covered over by 
another piece of cast iron perforated at each 
end to admit the metallic composition in¬ 
tended for the preparation of the stereotype 
plates. The flat cast iron pots are now fas¬ 
tened m a crane, which carries them stead¬ 
ily to a metallic bath, or melting-pot, where 
they are immersed and kept for a consider¬ 
able time, until all the pores and crevices 
of the mould are completely and accurately 
filled. When this has taken place, the pots 
are elevated from the bath by working the 
crane, and are placed over a water trough 
to cool, gradually. When cold, the whole 
is turned out of the pots, and the plaster 
being separated by hammering and wash¬ 
ing, the plates are ready for use; having re¬ 
ceived the most exact and perfect impres¬ 
sion. 
Improvement in Printing. —The Bos¬ 
ton Bee mentions an invention in printing 
by Mr. Josiah Warren, of Indiana, which 
more immediately concerns stereotyping 
and engraving, but which can be applied to 
all branches of the printing business. The 
metal used in this art costs about one-tenth 
of the ordinary type metal; and in the pro¬ 
cess of stereotyping, it makes no difference, 
as regards the spaces, whether they are 
high or low. The art is very appropriately 
styled “ Utopian Typography,” and appears 
to be fixed in some typographical error. 
NOVEL AND INGENIOUS CLOCK. 
Mr. John Geldard, of Pawtucket, R. L, 
has invented a piece of mechanism, capable 
of being attached to any common clock, by 
which it is set in motion at any requird time. 
The machinery is made to operate upon 
three automatic figures, representing ne¬ 
groes, who perform their respective duties 
with a tact and promptness at once amusing 
and interesting. As soon as the appointed 
time, as indicated by the clock, arrives, the 
first of three “gentlemen ob color” rings a 
bell with so much force and for so long a 
time, as to awaken the family from the 
soundest sleep—indeed he who should sleep 
through the alarm thus made, would not 
be very likely to be aroused by a respectable 
peal of thunder. Whilst darkie No. 1, who 
is known by the sobriquet of Sambo, tugs at 
the bell with a hearty will, Jumbo lights a 
lamp from a match, which he ignites by 
drawing across a piece of sand-paper. No 
sooner is the lamp lighted than Pete is at 
work. This gentleman most dexterously 
ignites a toi'ch at the lamp, and comunicates 
the flame thereof to the fuel prepared over 
night, in the stove. So complete are all the 
varied arrangements, and so perfect is the 
mechanism of the whole, that no possible 
risk of fire is at any time present; indeed, 
the tact displayed by the “little darkies” 
would do no discredit to help possessed of 
h'jman intelligence. It will hence be seen 
that w'hilst its inventor is dressing, his auto¬ 
matic aids light a lamp and kindle a fire in 
his stove — services of no small value on a 
cold winter’s morning. Nor is this all; Mr. 
G. and his family may leave home in the 
morning, and upon returning at night find 
his stove warm, his kettle boiling and a lamp 
lighted, and all these services performed 
without interference or bickering on the part 
of those to whom they are intrusted, nor do 
they ever fail in their respective duties, for 
they are always at their post when required, 
advantages not always found where human 
help is employed. 
Mr. Geldard is a self-made mechanic, and 
gives evidence of a clear constructive brain. 
He is at present the Overseer of the Weav¬ 
ing Department in Walcott & Co.’s Mill, 
Pawtucket, Rhode Island. 
Pocket Cooking Stove. —^Mr. Soyer, 
late presiding genius over the cookeries of 
the far-famed Informed Club, London, has 
just brought forward an invention—a cook¬ 
ing stove, with all its belongings, sufficient¬ 
ly small to be carried in the pocket; a first- 
rate thing for a pic-nic party. 
AN INHERITANCE. 
Property left to a child may soon be 
lost; but inheritance of virtue—a good name 
—an unblemished reputation—will abide 
forever. If those who are toiling for wealth 
to leave their children, would but take half 
the pains to secure for them virtuous habits, 
how much more serviceable would they be. 
The largest property may be wrested from 
a child, but virtue will stand by him to the 
last With only wealth to depend upon, a 
man is poor indeed. With an unblemished 
reputation alone, a man cannot be poor.— 
No man living, who inherited a good name 
and nothing more, would exchange it for half 
the wealth of an Astor. It gives us pleas¬ 
ure to look back on honest and virtuous 
parents, who taught us early the fear of 
God; but what delight can it give to look 
back upon wealth, ill-gotten perhaps, while 
immortal mind is starving on the husks of 
vanity and worldly wisdom. 
Keep Your Temper. —Few men in pub¬ 
lic or private life escape the tongue of scan¬ 
dal. There is a propenaty in human nature 
to cover its own defects- by prating of the 
misdeeds of others. And it is not easy for 
the Christian even, always to hold his peace 
when idle tongues are dealing with his fair 
name. If wise, however, he will do so, and 
let a lie die a natural death, instead of gal¬ 
vanizing it into life by the battery of passion. 
There is much good sense and sound phil¬ 
osophy in the following extract from the 
private note of a valued correspondent:— 
“I like,” he writes, “the story of the 
bkek-smith who was requested to bring a 
suit for slander. He said he could go to 
work and hammer out a better character in 
six months than all the Courts in Christen¬ 
dom could give liim. I lately saw a piece 
which did me great and outrageous wrong, 
so I sat down and wrote six practical pieces 
for the press, and let the thing pass.— 
I found this the best way of keeping my 
temper. I think it more likely to give me 
a fair name with good people, than those 
everlasting defendes. ”— Amer. Mess. 
Musical Spit. —The most singular spit 
in the world is that of the Count de Cas- 
tel Mario, one of the most opulent lords of 
Treviso. This spit turns one hundred and 
thirty different roasts at once, and plays 
twenty-four tunes; and whatever it plays 
corresponds to a certain degree of cooking, 
which is perfectly understood by the cook. 
Thus a leg of mutton, a V Anglaise, will be 
excellent at the twelfth air; and a fowl, a 
la Flamande, will be full of gravy at the 
eighteenth; and so on. It would be diffi¬ 
cult, perhaps, to carry further the love of 
music and gormandizing. 
