MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER; AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL 
VIRTUE ALONE IS BEAUTIFUL, 
THE IMMORTAL DECLARATION. 
The popular idea that the Declaration of 
Independence was signed on the h ourth of 
July, and that it was proclaimed froni the 
steps of the State House on that day, is in¬ 
correct in point of fact. It was adopted 
on that day, and ordered to be engrossed on 
parchment. On the first day of July, the 
question was taken in Committee of the 
Whole. Every delegate from Pennsylva¬ 
nia (there were seven in number) voted 
against it. Two members from Delaware 
were present, the other (Coesar Rodney) 
being absent. The two members, Thos. 
McKean, and Geo. Read, were divided in 
opinion. Rodney was sent for, express, by 
Judffc McKean, and gave his vote for the 
„ V . ... 1 • .. 
He has endeavored to prevent the popu¬ 
lation of these States: for that purpose ob¬ 
structing the laws for the naturalization of 
foreigners, refusing to pass others to encour¬ 
age their migration hither, and raising the 
condition of new appropriations of lands. 
He has obstructed the administration of 
justice, by refusing his assent to laws for es¬ 
tablishing judiciary powers. 
He has made judges dependent on his 
will alone for the tenure of their offices, and 
the amount and payment of their salaries. 
He has erected a multitude of new offi¬ 
ces, and sent hither swarms of officers, to 
harass our population and eat out their sub¬ 
stance. 
He has kept among us, in time of peace, 
standing armies, without the consent of our 
legislature. 
He has aflfected to render the military in¬ 
dependent of, and superior to, the civil 
power. 
He has combined with others to subject 
us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitu¬ 
tion, and unacknowledged by our laws, giv¬ 
ing his assent to their acts of pretended 
legislation— 
For quartering large bodies of armed 
troops among us: 
For protecting them, by a mock trial, 
from punishment for any murders which 
they should commit on the inhabitants of 
these States; 
For cutting off our trade with all parts of 
the world: 
For imposing**taxes on.us "without our 
consent: 
For depriving us, in many cases, of the 
benefits of trial by jury; 
For transporting us beyond seas, to be 
tried for pretended offences: 
.For abolishing the free system of English 
laws in a neighboring province, establishing 
therein an arbitrary government, and en¬ 
larging its boundaries, so as to render it at 
once an example and fit instrument for in- 
BY J. G. WHITTIER. 
GEOLOGICAL PRESUMPTIONS. ) 
NUMBER IX. { 
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE VITALITV. ( 
The most inscrutable of nature’s works , 
and attributes, is animal and vegetable vi- i; 
tality. It first existed, propagated and flour- < 
ished, in the early sedimentary deposits, for i 
a period of time sufficient to cover the whole ^ 
surface with their progeny, more in num- ^ 
bers perhaps, than the fishes of the present ; 
ocean—a period entirely inconsistent ivith ) 
the time allowed by the earliest records of ,, 
creation—literal and unexplained. They 
ceased to exist by a new deposit, or other < 
casuality, which overwhelmed them in gen- ^ 
eral ruin; where their minutest forms are \ 
now found, the original materials transposed, ) 
the substance of the malrk replacing its > 
primitive atoms; and this operation, and the ^ 
long time required to cause to exist such ; 
myriads of beings, is not for once, but ap- < j 
proaching forty times, and all this period su- s 
pervened between the period of the con- ^ 
solidation of the original nucleus of the j 
globe and the distribution of the pres- ^ 
ent soil, and its occupation by the vertebra- | 
ted and warm blooded animals. ^ 
The suppositious doctrine, that the exis- \ 
tence of a living animal, endowed with in- } 
dependent motion and sensation, was an act ^ 
of necessity of the fixed laws of nature, and > 
that from a single atomic polyp or monad of | 
vitality, every organic being owes its origin ■ 
—that the extended varieties, from the mo- ^ 
lusk to man, is only a progressive develop- \ 
ment from the original type, is entirely un- ^ 
tenable and not presumable. Why .does | 
not the law of necessity still exist ? Laws > 
do not change; they are immutable, and act ^ 
with the same force and energy as at the ^ 
first formation. The same law cwld as ^ 
easily create a thousand polyps of vitality \ 
YANKEE DOODLE 
i Wb have at last a true Yankee Doodle song—a genuine 
American song—a song tliat is like the glad echo of freedom 
to the derisive doggerel once sung to insult an oppressed 
people. And it comes most opportunely, in the July num¬ 
ber of Godey. 
Yankee Doodle. 
Tune — “ Yankee Doodle.” 
BY T. .S. DONOIIO. 
“Yankee Doodle.” Long ago 
They played it to deride us; 
Buniow we'march to victory; 
And that's the tune to guide us! 
Yankee Doodle! ha! ha! ha! 
Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
How we made the Red Coats run 
At Yankee Doodle Dandy. 
To fight is not a pleasant game; 
But if we must, we’ll do it! 
When “ Yankee Doodle” once begins, 
The Yankee hoys go through it! 
Yankee Doodle! ha! ha! ha! 
Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
“Go ahead!’' the captains cry. 
At Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
And let her come upon the sea, 
• The insolent invader— 
There the Yankee lioys will be 
Trepared to serenade her! 
Yankee Doodle! ha! ha! ha! 
Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
Yankee guns will sing the bass 
Of Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
“Yankee Doodle!” How it bring^^ 
The good old days Itefore us! 
Two or three began the song— 
Millions join the chorus! 
Yankee Doodle! ha! ha! ha! 
Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
Rolling round Uie continent 
Is Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
“Yankee Doodle!” Not alone 
The continent wiH hear it— 
But all the world shall c:itch the tone. 
And every tyrant fear it! 
Yankee Doodle! ha! ha! ha! 
Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
Freedom’s voice is in the song 
Of Yankee Doodle Dandy! 
and my word for it, you will not lack kind 
words and admiration. Loving and pleas¬ 
ant associations Avill gather about you.— 
Never mind the ugly reflection which your 
glass may give you. That mirror has no 
heart. But quite another picture is given 
you on the retina of human sympathy.— 
There the beauty of lioliness, of purity, of 
that inwRrd grace “ which passeth show,” 
rests over it, softening and mellowing its 
features, just as the full, calm moonlight 
melts those of a rough landscape into har¬ 
monious loveliness. 
“ Hold up your heads, girlsrepeat af¬ 
ter Primrose. Why should you not?— 
Every mother’s daughter of you can be 
beautiful. You can envelope yourselves in 
an atmosphere of moral and intellectual 
beauty, through which your otherwise plain 
faces will look forth like those of angels.— 
Beautiful to Ledyard, stiffening in the cold 
of northern winter, seemed the diminutive, 
smoke-stained women of Lapland, who wrap¬ 
ped him in their furs, and ministered to his 
necessities with kind and gentle words of 
compassion. Lovely to the homesick Park 
seemed the dark maids of Sigo, as they sung 
their low and simple songs of welcome be¬ 
side his bed, and syught to comfort the 
white stranger, who had “no mother to 
bring him milk, and no wife to grind him 
corn.” 0! talk as you may of beauty as a 
thing to be chiselled upon marble or wrought 
on canvass—speculate as you may upon its 
colors and outline; Avhat is it but an intel¬ 
lectual abstraction, after all? The heart 
feels a beauty of another kind—looking- 
through outward environments, it discovers 
a deeper and more real loveliness. 
This was well understood by 'the old 
painters. In their pictures of Mary, the 
virgin mother, the beauty which melts and 
subdued the gazer is that of the soul and 
the affections—uniting the awe and the 
mystery of the mother’s miraculous allot¬ 
ment with the inexpressible love, the unut¬ 
terable tenderness of young maternity.— 
Heaven’s croivning miracle Avith nature’s 
SAveetest and holiest instinct. And their 
pale Magdalens, holy Avith the look of sins 
forgiven, how the divine beauty of their pen¬ 
itence sinks into the heart. lA-A— 
Letters, and Robert Morris, tAvo Delegates 
from Pennsylvania, Avere absent. The A'ote 
of Pennsylvania Avas then given, three 
for the Declaration, tAvo contra. Humph¬ 
reys and Willing A^oted against it. It Aias 
not signed on the Fourth of J uly, nor many 
days afterwards. Messrs. Morris, Rush, 
Clymer, Smith, Taylor and Ross, Avere not 
members at that time, having been elected 
by the State Convention on the 20th July. 
Mathew Thornton of N. Hampshire, whose 
name is affixed to the Declaration, Avas not 
appointed until November, ’*70. On the 
eighth of July the Declaration was read pub¬ 
licly to the assembled citizens, by Captain 
Hopkins, of the navy, from the observatory 
in the State House yard, about sixty feet 
south and twenty-five Avest of the steeple 
toAver. The obseri-atory AA'as erected by 
Rittenhouse to observe the transit of Venus, 
and Avas a small building about tAventy feet 
high and twelve feet square.— Philadelphia 
Despatch. 
DECLARATION OF INDEDPENDENCE 
OF THE 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 
Adopted July 4, 1776. 
When, in the course of human events, it 
becomes necessary for one people to dissolve 
the political bands Avhich have connected 
them Avith another, and to assume among 
the poAvers of the earth the separate and 
equal station to Avhich the laws of nature 
and nature’s God entitle them, a decent re¬ 
spect to the opinions of mankind requires 
that they should declare the causes which 
impel them to the seperation. 
We hold these truths to be self-evident 
—that all men are created equal; that they 
are endoAved by their Creator Avith certain 
unalienable rights; that among these are 
life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness: 
that to secure these rights, governments are 
instituted among men, deriving their just 
powers from the consent of the governed; 
that Avhenever any form of government be¬ 
comes destructRe to these ends, it is the 
rio'ht of the people to alter or abolish it, 
and to institute a neAv government, laying 
its foundation on such principles, and organ¬ 
izing its powers in such form, as to them 
shall seem most likely to effect their safety 
and happines.s. Prudence, indeed, will dic¬ 
tate that governments long established should 
not be changed for light and transient cau¬ 
ses; and, accordingly, all experience hath 
shown that mankind are more disposed to 
suffer, Avhile evils are sufferable, than to 
right themselves by abolishing the forms to 
Avhich they are accustomed. But when a 
long train of abuses and usurpations, pur¬ 
suing invariably the same object, evinces a 
design to reduce them under absolute des¬ 
potism, it is their right, it is' their duty, to 
throw off such government, and to provide 
new guards for their future security. Such 
contrivance might be made A’ery useiui in 
conveying intelligence into a beseiged for¬ 
tress or citA’. The scrcAA’ bullet, however, is 
no new thing, as the folloAving account will 
prove: 
In the year 1776, Avhen Gov. Geo. Clin¬ 
ton resided in Albany, there came a stranger 
to his house one cold Avinter morning, soon 
after the family had breakfasted. He Avas 
Avelcomed by the household, and hospitably 
entertained. A breakfast was ordered, and 
the Governor, with his Avife and daughter, 
Avho Avere sitting before the fire employed 
in knitting, entered into a conversation Avith 
him about the affairs of the country, Avhich 
naturally led to the enquiry what w'as his 
occujiation. The emotion and hesitation 
with Avhich the stranger replied, aroused the 
suspicions of the keen-sig'hted Clinton. He 
communicated his suspicions to his wife and 
daughter, Avho closely watched his every 
Avord and action. Unconscious of this, but 
finding that he had fallen in among enemies 
the stranger Avas seen to take something 
from his mouth and SAvallow it. Madam 
Clinton, with the ready tact of the Avomen 
of those troublous times, went quickly into 
the kitchen, ordered hot coffee to be imme¬ 
diately prepared, and added to it a strong- 
dose of tartar ’emetic. The stranger, de¬ 
lighted with the smoking beverage, partook 
freely of it, and madam Clinton soon had 
the satisfaction of seeing- it produce the de¬ 
sired effect. True to Scripture, “out of 
his OAvn mouth was he condemned.” A 
silver bullet appeared, Avhich, upon examin¬ 
ation, Avas unscrewed, and found to contain 
an important despatch to Burgoyne. The 
spy was tried, convicted, and executed; and 
the bullet is still preserved in the family. 
Do Ave not feel 
that the only real deformity is sin, and that 
goodness evermore halloAvs and sanctifies its 
dwelling-place ? 
A BEAUTIFUL ILLUSTRATION. 
A FLORIST will tell you that if you paint 
the flower-pot that contains a favorite, beau¬ 
tiful, fragrant flower, the jflant Avill Avither, 
and perhaps its blossoms Avill die. You shut 
out the air and moisture from passing thro’ 
the earth to the roots, and your paint itself 
Just so, mere external culti- 
is poisonous. 
A^ation, superficial, worldly accomplishment, 
or a too exclusive anxiety and regard for 
that, injure the soul. The vase may be ev¬ 
er so beautifully ornamented, but if you de¬ 
ny the Avater of life to the flower it must 
die. And there are kinds of ornamental 
accomplishments, the very process of Avhich 
is as deleterious to the life of the soul, as 
the paint upon the floAver pot is pernicious 
to the plant; Avhose delicate leaves not only 
inhale a poisonous atmosphere during your 
very process of rendering- the exterior more 
tasteful, but the Avhole earth is dried and 
devoid of nourishment. Nature never 
paints, but all her forms of loveliness are a 
grow til, a native character, possession, and 
developement from the beginning. If the 
sun can ever be called a painter, it is only 
because the plants absorb his rays, and re¬ 
ceive them into the very texture and life of 
their vegetation. So, whatever is real knoAvl- 
edge, Avisdom, principle, character, and life 
in education, is a process of the absorption 
and developement of truth, and is not mere 
painting. — Rev. Dr. Cheever’s Plea for 
Children. 
onies; and such is noAv tne necessiiy Avmcn 
constrains them to alter their former sys¬ 
tems of government. The history of the 
present king of Great Britain is a history of 
repeated injuries and usurpations, all having- 
in direct object the establishment of an ab¬ 
solute tyranny over these States. To prove 
this, let facts be submitted to a candid 
world: — 
He has refused his assent to laws the 
most Avholesome and necessary for the pub¬ 
lic good. 
He has forbidden his governors to pass 
laAVS of immediate and pressing importance, 
unless suspended in their operations till his 
assent should be obtained; and, when so 
suspended, he has utterly neglected to at¬ 
tend to them. 
He has refused to pass other laws, for 
the accommodation of large districts of peo¬ 
ple, unless those people would relinquish 
the right of representation in the legislature 
—a right inestimable to them, and formid¬ 
able to tyrants only. 
He has called together legislative bodies 
at places unusual, uncomfort-able, and dis¬ 
tant from the depository of their public re¬ 
cords, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them 
into compliance with his measures. 
He has dissolved representative houses 
repeatedly, for opposing with manly firm¬ 
ness his invasions on the rights of the peo¬ 
ple. 
Ho has refused, for a long time after such 
dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; 
whereby the legislative poAvers, incapable of 
annihilation, have returned to the people at 
large, for their exercise; the state remaining 
in the meantime, exposed to all the danger 
of invasion from without and convulsions 
Avithin. 
of inert matter—incomprehensible— volti > 
subito. ( 
Eveiy existant, with a brain, possesses all ^ 
these. “Man is fearfully and Avonderfully ;; 
made;” so is the most loathsome and use- • 
less reptile or insect. Circulation—absorb- ) 
•eats — secretants — lymphatics—nerves— ^ 
heart—brain. Where is man’s structural ^ 
superiority ? None in mechanism, construe- ^ 
tion or animal endoAA'ments. Yea, he has 
even one pre-eminence, and one only— ^ 
speech —the ability to express thought and ^ 
to articulate ideas—to say “ I am the su- 
preme of creation!—I am the ne plus ultra.” ^ 
Speech involves reason. Without speech ) 
—Avithout the ability of Avords or symbols ^ 
in the mind, Ave could not reason, or com- ( 
bine, or compare ideas—Ave should have ( 
none. To man, speech is the positive pole ^ 
of his superiority—it is his universe, n. t. ^ 
Dress and Merit. — Girard, the famous j 
French painter, Avhen very young, Avas the 
bearer of a letter of introduction to Lanju- 
nais, then in the council of Napoleon. The 
young painter was shabbily attired, and his 
reception Avas extremely cold ; but Lanju- 
nais discovered in him such striking proofs 
of talent, good sense and amiability, that on 
Girard’s rising to take leave, he arose too, 
and accompanied his visitor to the ante¬ 
chamber. The change Avas so striking, that 
Girard could not avoid an expression of sur¬ 
prise. “ My yQung friend,” said Lanjunais, 
anticipating the inquiry, “ Ave receive an un- 
Lnnwn nerson according' to dress ; Ave take 
The Home of Taste.— Hoav easy is it to 
be neat ! — to be clean ! How easy to ar¬ 
range the rooms with the most graceful 
propriety ! Hoav easy is it to invest our 
houses Avith the truest elegance ! Ele¬ 
gance resides not Avith the upholsterer or 
the draper ; it is not in the mosaics, the 
roseAvoods, the mahogany, the candelabra, 
or the marble ornaments ; it exists in the 
spirit presiding over the chambei-s of the 
dwelling. Contentment must always be 
most graceful ; it sheds serenity over the 
scene of its abode ; it transforms a Avaste 
into a garden. The home lighted by those 
intimations of a nobler and brighter life may 
be wanting in much which the discontent¬ 
ed desire ; but to its inhabitants it Avill be 
a palace, fiir outvying the oriental in brillian¬ 
cy and glory. 
Presera’^e Files of Newspapers. —We 
are a newspaper reading community; Avould 
that Ave were a newspaper preserving peo¬ 
ple. In the course of a fcAV years a file of 
noAA’spapers and other periodicals become 
interesting and valuable as reference. Ev¬ 
ery family should save them with care for 
future use. 
The strength and durability of a sheet 
of this kind will be gi-Qiitly increased,_if it 
be smoothed out by means of a hot flat iron, 
as soon as it is open and fresh from the 
press. Try the experiment 
