MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
ROCHESTER, AUGUST 1, 1850. 
Local Agents. 
James Van Horn, Ovid ; also general agent for 
Soutli Jury District of Seneca county. 
S. E. Norton, Phelps, Ontario county. 
E. Hopkins, Lyons, Wayne county. 
B. Farr and H. Goodrich, Albion. 
Samuel Heston, Batavia. 
R. B. Warren, Alabama, Genesee county. 
Theodore Dickinson, Newark, Wayne county. 
Silsby & Keeler, Seneca Falls. 
A. R. Frisbie, Clyde, Wayne county. 
Wm. Richey & O. A. Graves, Watertown, Jeff, cq.^ 
John Harris, Sheldrake, Seneca county. 
Archibald Stone, Hinmanville, Oswego county. 
E. W. Fairchild, East Bloomfield, Ontario county. 
G. N. Sherwood, Camillus, Onondaga county. 
C. B. Dickinson and P. Parks, Victor, Ontario Co. 
J. W. Reed, Lockport, Niagara county. 
J. M. Trowbridge, Pekin, “ “ 
JohnB. Lowell, Yates, Orleans county, 
n. S. Frisbie, Holley, “ “ 
L. A. Morse, Knowlesville, “ “ 
M. Scott, Arcadia, Wayne county. 
11. C. White, Mohawk, Herkimer county. 
D. Bunnell, South Livonia, Livingston county. 
E. C. Bliss, Westfield, Chautauque county. 
J. I. Eacker, Sheridan, “ “ 
J. C. Sherman, New Baltimore, Greene county. 
L. D. Branch, Trumansburg, Tompkins county. 
•W. K. Wyckoff, Lodi, Seneca Co. 
O. B. Scott, Woodville, Jefferson Co. 
B. F. Adams, Bridgeport, Mad. Co. 
All Post-Masters and Sub.scribers are re¬ 
quested to act as agents for the New- Yorka-, by 
forming clubs, &c. Those who cannot consistently 
do so, will greatly oblige us by handing a Prospectus 
or specimen number to some other influential and 
responsible person who will give it attention. 
[FT We will send an extra copy to any person 
who remits payment for a club of from four to ten 
subscribers, and continues to act as agent. 
Back numbers from April, containing all of Prof. 
Johnston’s Lectures, can yet be supplied. 
EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. 
Toronto, C. W., July 20, 1850. 
Mr. Moore; —Your readers and possibly your¬ 
self may be interested in a short communication 
from the dominions of Her Majesty Queen Victo¬ 
ria. As we have been spending a few days on 
Canadian soil, and have looked a little at Canadian 
farming, you will permit us to say that whatever 
may be the general condition of agriculture here, 
as compared with the United States, the farmers 
rejoice as much as do those in the States over 
their fine crops and improving prospects. We 
travelled by land from Niagara Falls to Hamilton, 
a distance of fifty miles, and had a good opportu¬ 
nity of seeing the crops in that part of the Province, 
and we hear from other parts that the crops are 
every where abundant and promising. Wheat is 
now being harvested, and will be very good in I 
qualily as well as abundant in quantity—the stem 
being bright, the heads long, and the grain quite 
plump and heav)'. In the peninsula formed by 
Lakes Erie and Ontario, and the Niagara River, 
may be found a very good district for farming pur¬ 
poses. The soil varies from a stiff clay to a light 
loam, but is generally good wheat land, and of 
course produces most other crops equally well.— 
The corn, potatoes and grass promise well. 
YVe had not that opportunity for careful observa¬ 
tion necessary to enable us to compare the condi¬ 
tion of farms here with those on the other side.— 
Many of them seem to be well cultivated and un¬ 
der the direction of intelligent agriculturists, and 
we had the pleasure of witnessing many improve¬ 
ments which would do credit to the best American 
farmers. Should we state our general impression 
that this is not everj’ where the case, we doubt not 
that the Canadian farmers would assent to it as 
correct. Indeed we think it would not be denied, 
here, that agricultural improvements on owr'sido 
are in advance of those witnessed in Canada. In 
some things the Canadians are, however, quite up 
to us. Their plowing is much of it done with a 
precision and skill which the Yankee plowman, in 
liis haste to go over his two acres per day, is not 
apt to observe. Whether any part of this advant¬ 
age is to be ascribed to the Scotcli plow generally 
in use here, we do not feel authorized to decide, 
although we freely confess that they are well cal- 
ated for breaking sod, and especially for .straight 
and uniform furrows. YVhile wo admit this, how¬ 
ever, we do not yield them superiority over the best 
American plows now in use, and we object 
especially to their awkward length and inconven¬ 
ience for practical use. But as we shall upon this 
question be at issue with many of our Scotch, 
English and Canadian friends, we will only allude 
to it thus generally now. 
There is a quiet and substantial api)earanco in 
the Canadian cities and villages, somewhat differ¬ 
ent from what wo see in places of similar size in 
the States. Hamilton, at the head of Lake On¬ 
tario, is a staid and sober town of over ten thou¬ 
sand inhabitants. The buildings are of a good 
class, generally of brick covered with metal (in 
the business portions,)—the streets broad and hand¬ 
somely laid [out—and the whole town evidently 
improving, not rapidly but substantially and in 
good taste. There are many very good dwellings 
recently erected or now going up, which will be 
creditable to the place, and pleasantly situated.— 
The greatest effort at display seems to have been 
made by Sir Allan McNab, whose castle at the 
liead of Burlington Bay, (near which the city is 
built,) is one of the most expensive in Canada 
West. It bears evidence, however, of lack of 
means, or lack of attention, but which we of course 
could not decide. 
The Welland Canal has caused the building up 
of several villages on its line, the most important 
of which is St. Catherines, fifteen miles from the 
Falls. It now contains some four thousand inhab¬ 
itants and is improving in many respects. S*nie 
of the buildings now going up are of the first class 
and would do credit to any of the cities. There 
is also here sufficient water power to drive several 
mills, which have been erected in the village. 
Toronto is the largest town in Canada West, 
and as your readers well know, the present seat of 
Government of the Provinces. The present pop¬ 
ulation is said to bo 26,000. The streets are laid 
out at right angles, generally well built up, and the 
whole city compares favorably with American 
towns of the same size. The public buildings are 
some of them very creditable, especially the Lu¬ 
natic Asylum, and the University. The grounds 
about the latter are very spacious and elegant and 
are kept in the best condition. The Parliament 
House is a plain structure, illy adapted to the pur¬ 
poses to which it is devoted, but it is pleasantly 
situated on the Lake shore and commands a fine 
view of the Bay. 
We took occasion while in the city to visit the 
Parliament during one of its sittings, which proved 
• to be one of the most exciting and interesting of 
the session, and had the satisfaction of listening to 
several of the ablest debaters in the house. We 
may perhaps give you some sketches of the de¬ 
bate, and some incidents of the evening, in anoth¬ 
er number. c. 
Jtlte Weather and the Crops. 
The fine dry weather which continued during 
haying and most of harvesting in the entire west¬ 
ern counties, was changed on Sunday morning to 
a very humid atmosphere. Since then frequent 
and copious showers of rain have fallen, accom¬ 
panied with a good deal of thunder, and an exceed¬ 
ingly hot, close and sultry atmosphere—greatly en¬ 
dangering the cut wheat, a large portion of which 
is yet standing in the shock. If the weather does 
not immediately clear up, with a windy, drj' circu¬ 
lation of air, we fear farmers will experience great 
damage from the growing of wheat in the bundle 
—a misfortune seldom felt in this country, but con¬ 
stituting a great evil attending the harvesting of 
wheat in England. 
The Hay Crop of Western New York is com¬ 
paratively light, but the reverse through all the 
State east of Utica, and the New England States. 
Corn, though a little late, is veiy luxuriant and 
promi.ses well, as do all other summer crops. 
In some sections the c-uri has commenced on the 
terminal leaves of the potato, raising fears that the 
rot, is not yet extinct, and if the season continues 
wet may again prevail to a ruinous extent. 
Editorial Change. —The last number of the 
Cortland County Express contains the valedictory 
of its talented and genial editor, Almon H. Bene¬ 
dict, Esq. Under Mr. B’s management the Ex- 
press has been a most excellent journal—always 
sjiicy and interesting. We regret to part with so 
pleasant and capable a cotemporary, and wish him 
abundant success in other pursuits. 
The Express is to be conducted in future by Mr. 
A. T. Boynton, the former publisher. YVe trust 
it will continue to merit the liberal patronage here¬ 
tofore bestowed. 
Ware (Mass.) Gazette. —YVith the last num¬ 
ber of this paper closed the lajiors of Mr. D. J. 
Mandell as editor. We infer from his valedicto¬ 
ry that he has met some opposition in his editorial 
career—and we doubt whether he will meet less 
in publishing the White Flag for the promotion of 
“ Christian Unity.” Mr. M., announces as his 
successor Mr. J. F. Downing, late of the Holyoke 
Tivies. YVe hope the Gazette Yvill continue the 
conservator of good morals, and in so doing that 
it will no longer, under the flag of neutrality in 
politics, find it necessaiy’ to attack and impugn the 
motives of our w'ise.st and best statesmen. w. 
Improved Horse-Power, Overshot Thresh 
ER, &c. —YVe invite particular attention to the ad¬ 
vertisement of Messrs. Emery & Co., proprietors 
of the Albany Agricultural YVorks, Warehouse 
and Seed Store. Their improved Horse-Powers, 
Overshot Threshers, and Separators, are worthy 
the special attention of the thousands of farmers 
who have just gatliered bountiful crops of grain, 
but are without proper machines for preparing the 
produce thereof for market. 
Free School Clarion. —We have received the 
2d and 3d numbers of this periodical, published at 
Syracuse, by W. L. Crandall, Esq. It advo¬ 
cates Free Schools, and contains articles, also, from 
opponents of the system. YVe will endeavor to 
give the Prospectus in our next. 
Speaking of F<ree Schools, we invite a full and 
free discussion of the new law in our Educational 
Department. The subject is one of deep interest 
to all our citizens, and should be fully discussed 
between this and the day of election. 
The Farmer’s Guide. —We have received the 
5th number of this valuable serial publication.— 
The work continues to sustain the standard we as¬ 
signed it on noticing former numbers. Published 
by Leonard Sscott & Co., New York. For sale 
by D. M. Dewey, Arcade Hall, who is the Roch¬ 
ester agent for all of Scott & Co’s publications. 
N. Y. State Teachers’ Association. —The 
next annual meeting of this Association will be 
held in the city of New York on the 7th and 8th 
of August. Let every teacher whether male or 
female who can make it convenient to do so, go 
and participate in the business of the meeting. 
Reciprocity. —Our Canadian neighbors have 
become wearied in waiting for the action of our 
Goveqjment upon the proposed reciprocity meas¬ 
ures, and the Provincial Parliament are attempt¬ 
ing to make arrangements with the Home Gov¬ 
ernment. They propose to the English Parlia¬ 
ment to favor a law “re-establishing a duty on 
breadstufi’s from every nation which does not re¬ 
ciprocate with their own and the Canadian Prov¬ 
inces, in these articles.” The Provincial Govern¬ 
ment liavc encouragement to believe that such a j 
law will be passed by Parliament, unless the Re¬ 
ciprocity Bill should be enacted % the American 
Congress. The plan proposed will bring tire same 
principles to operate on breadstuffs, upon which 
the English Navigation Laws are now based.— 
* Buff. Advertiser. 
YVeekly Meteorological Abstract. 
BY L. WETHERELL, 
July, 1850. 
THERMOMKTKP. 
MAX. 1 MIN. 1 MEAN. 
rain. 
WINDS. 
23 
82 
62 
72.00 
N E. 
24 
90 
64 
77.33 
W. N W. 
25 
69 
65 
67.33 
0.10 
N E. 
26 
66 
55 
59.66 
‘ N E. 
27 
80 
50 
65.33 
E. S E. 
28 
90 
66 
75.66 
w. 
29 
84 
70 
75.33 
1.80 
s w. 
REMARKS. 
July 23d. Fineday; Harvest-fly or Locust, as it 
is called, first heard. 
24th. Good weather for harvesting. 
25th. Cooler—a little rain. Dog-days begin. 
26th. Continues cool—a sprinkle of rain. 
27th. Quite cool morning; a little rain. 
28th. Thunder showers this morning before sun¬ 
rise—.showery day and evening ; bad weather for 
harvesting. 
29th. Hot and showery with thunder. 
Note. —Butterfly-weed, {Asclepias tuberosa,) 
in flower. This is a beautiful bright orange flow¬ 
er of the milkweed family—found growing on dry 
hills and fields. It should bo cultivated by the 
lover of flowers. 
Button-bush, (Cephalanthus occidentalis,) in 
flower. It grows in wet places by the side of 
streams and ponds. 
Pasture thistle, (Cirsmm ynzmtZMWi,) in flower. 
The stem is short, bearing from one to three large j 
purple, fragrant flowers. The thistle is verj’ much 
persecuted, notwithstanding the beauty of its 
flowers. 
Commencement YVeek — Geneva College. 
The following will be the order of exercises at 
the annuel commencement of Geneva College, 
which will take place during the present month: 
On Sunday evening, August 18ih, Rev. Dr. 
Hale will deliver the Baccalaureate Sermon be¬ 
fore the graduating class, in the College Chapel. 
On Monday evening the Rev. YVm. Ingraham 
Kip, D. D., of Albany, will deliver the annual 
address to the Hermean Society, at Trinity 
Church. 
Tuesday, August 20lh, Commencement day. 
The exercises will be held in Trinity Church. In 
the afternoon Peter Dox, Esq., will address the 
Convocation of Alumni. 
On Wednesday, the Convention of the Diocese 
of Western Ffew York will meet. 
The California Trail. —The St. Louis Re¬ 
publican of July 20, has several Liters from the 
overland emigrants. Kit Carson arrived at Fort 
Laramie about the first of June with some thirty 
horses and mules. One letter says a boy only 12 
years old was picked up, almost destitute, trudging 
on alone for California. He had been turned 
adrift on the prairies by a man whose name is 
not given. The streams in the vicinity of Fort 
Laramie were very high, in consequence of the 
melting of the snow upon the mountains, of which 
there was an unusual quantity. Several hundred 
emigrants were detained by the liigh water, and 
were waiting for its fall. A letter dated the 20th 
of June gives a list of over 60 persons who had 
died on the plains. Like moat of the previous 
intelligence, it shows that nearly all are from 
western States. We notice but one person from 
this Slate, C. H. Moore, of Syracuse. The wri¬ 
ter says the emigrants, while passing the plains, 
have suffered beyond description.—Dern. 
Bunker Hill. —A writer in the Boston Jour¬ 
nal revives the question, “ who commanded at 
Bunker Hill ?” and cites a letter written in 1778, 
by Gen. Lee, to show that the Americans who 
successfully fcoght that immortal battle against 
a body of the best troops in the world, were in 
fact destitute of any acknowledged leader. The 
letter states that “ The Americans were compos¬ 
ed in part of raw lads and old men, half armed, 
with no practice or discipline, commanded-without 
order, and God knows by whom ! Yet what was 
the event? It is know'U to the world, the British 
troops, notwithstanding their address and gallan¬ 
try, were most severely handled, and almost de¬ 
feated. The Colonels Stark, Prescott, Little, 
Gardiner, Reed, Nixton and the two Brewers, 
were entitled to immortal honor for their actions 
on that day, but according to the usual justice of 
the writers of newspapers and Gazettes, their 
names have scarcely been mentioned on the oc¬ 
casion. ” 
From Oregon. 
Accounts from Oregon are to May 30th. The 
Spectator of that date announces the discovery of 
another gold mine, which had created great ex¬ 
citement among the Oregonians. The opinion is 
gaining strength daily, that one of the richest mines 
on the shores of the Pacific has been discovered in 
the Spokan country, some 400 miles up the Co¬ 
lumbia. This discovery on the Spokan will still 
more fully confirm the fact that the middle region 
of Oregon is to become the gran>d El Dorado of the 
day. One party is on its way to the region of this 
new discovery, if not already there, and others are 
preparing to follow. 
Gov. Lane has gone to the Rogue river to ne¬ 
gotiate, if possible, a treaty with the Indians in that 
region, preparatory to working the gold mines 
there. 
The same paper says:—For the information of 
persons wishing to emigrate to Oregon, we will say 
that laborers of all kinds are much wanted here.— 
Carpenters are receiving from eight to twelve dol¬ 
lars per day. Common day laborers four or five 
dollars per day. Tailors charge thirty dollars for 
making a dress coat, and from eight to ten dollars 
for vests and pantaloons. School teachers are in 
very great demand, and at their own prices. As 
to the emigrants, who talk of Oregon, let them 
come on. Here we have the greatest plenty of 
the two prime articles, healtli and money. YVith 
these and an abundance of provisions, we hold 
great inducements to emigration to this country. 
Post Offices. —The following new offices have 
lately been established in this State; East Galway, 
Saratoga county; East Y^arick, Seneca Co.; Ben- 
netsburgh, Tompkins Co.; Stanwix, Oneida Co.; 
South Alabama, Genesee Co. 
Latest from California. 
The steamer Crescent City, from Chagres, ar¬ 
rived at New York on Monday, the 22d ult., 
with .^180,000 in gold dust in the hands of the 
passengers, who numbered 157, and three weeks 
later intelligence from California, dates being to 
June I8th, at which time the steamer Columbia 
left San Francisco with 150 passengers. She 
reached Panama on the 6th, with $ 130,000 in gold 
dust on freight and the mails. Her gold was de¬ 
tained at Chores for the Cherokee. 
The San Francisco papers furnish accounts of 
another very destructive fire in that city. It occur¬ 
red June 14th, and destroyed four entire blocks, in 
all some 300 houses, and involving a loss of about 
four millions of dollars. The San Francisco Her¬ 
ald, in an account of this severe conflagration, 
which originated in a building attached to the Sac¬ 
ramento House, about 8 o’clock in the morning, 
says:— 
“ YVhen we arrived at the scene of conflagration 
the flames were roaring in an immense volume 
from the direction of Sacramento street to the cor¬ 
ner of Montgomery and Clay. The Mayor and 
all the principal citizens were promptly on the 
ground, but the supply of water being limited, no' 
effort was of any avail to arrest its progress short of 
Clay street. Here a determined stand was made, 
but notwithstanding the most active and ceaseless 
exertions, the flames spread to the north side and 
extended as far as Mr. Nagle’s unfinished building 
on Montgomery street. 
J The banking house of Mr. James King, of YVil- 
liam, was torn down, and this enabled the citizens 
to arrest the progress of the fire at this point.— 
Meantime the wind carried the flames down with 
resistless fury to the water's edge, sweeping in its 
progress the whole of the blocks from Clay street 
on the north, to the north side of California street 
inclusive, and from Kearney street, with but the 
exception of a few houses, to the water.” 
A large amount of tlie property destroyed is said 
to have been in the hands of commission mer¬ 
chants, and heavy losses will fall upon the ship¬ 
pers, principally in New England and New York. 
Immediately after the fire, active measures were 
taken by the authorities to prevent a repetition of 
another like disaster. 
Contracts were entered into for boring two Arte¬ 
sian wells and the building of four cisterns. Other 
plans equally effective for securing an abundance 
of water, had been matured. 
Markets are reported heavy; flour in good sup¬ 
ply; lumber had improved; mess beef and pork 
were in better demand, caused by the purchases 
for the ships outward bound. The money market 
was easier. Gold dust coming in sparingly, coin 
was the principal medium of circulation. Gold 
dust is quoted at;j;16al6,25 per ounce. The State 
assay bars are said not to be very current. Re¬ 
specting the decline of business for some time past 
in the principal cities, a California paper remarks: 
In Stockton, the merchants ascribe the depres¬ 
sion in some measure to the operation of the law 
requiring foreigners to purchase licenses. The 
law was as might be expected, extremely unpopu¬ 
lar at first among that class of miners; latterly they 
have become more reconciled to its operation, and 
have in most instances, we believe, returned to 
their work. 
The Mines, Roads, 4’C.—The Placer Times of 
June 11th, says that traveling and mining opera¬ 
tions throughout Sacramento, are still greatly im¬ 
peded by the continual height of the water in all 
the principal streams. I’arties had been compell¬ 
ed to return to Sacramento city, who had undertak¬ 
en to go to Stockton and the southern mines, the 
lowlands on the west bank of the Sacramento be¬ 
ing extensively submerged. 
Flank roads are beginning to be talked of as a 
remedy for the mud or the sand which now im¬ 
pedes travel in certain directions. 
Speaking of the mining prospects, anolher pa¬ 
per says:—The intelligence from the mines is of 
such a nature, as to prove there will be a greater 
quantity of gold dug out this summer than ever 
before. YVe scarcely know which valley, the San 
Joaquin or the Sacramento, has sent out the rich¬ 
est specimens; but gold comes from both regions 
in sufficient quantities to prove that there was little 
extravagance in the assertion that the ore was in¬ 
exhaustible. It has been found too, as far north as 
Oregon, and as far south as the mountains near 
Los Angelos. 
There appears to be a ridge of gold bearing 
quartz, running the whole length of the country 
north and south. The ore has been found richer 
in the mountains of Los Angelos than even in the 
mines of Mariposa. YVe have seen large masses 
from both localities. As found in the former place 
it will require the employment of science and ma¬ 
chinery—the one to direct operations, and the oth¬ 
er for grinding the rock — and with these two 
agents engaged, it will afford, from the immense 
quantity that exists, sufficient employment and 
compensation for three-fourths, at least, of all the 
superfluous labor of the United States. 
Treaty with Mexico. —Hon. P. Letcher, our 
Minister to Mexico, is reported to have concluded 
an important treaty with that Government, similar 
to the Nicaragua treatv, for conuecting the two 
Oceans by Railway, 'the treaty secures the right 
of a way for a canal or railway across the Isthmus 
of Tehuantepec, and guaranties its neutrality un¬ 
der the protection of both Governments. Under 
the last administration five millions was offered for 
the privilege, which now costs nothing. 
Obsequies to President Tayi.or. —The obse¬ 
quies of the late President, were celebrated in 
New York city on Tuesday week, with great pomp 
and solemnity. The show of military and the va¬ 
rious societies of the city was very imposing, and 
the procession extended a great distance. The 
crowd along the streets was very great. All the 
principal buildings in the city were beautifully fes¬ 
tooned with black, and made a highly effective 
appearance. 
At Augusta, Me., the powder used in firing 
the funeral salute in honor of the late President was 
Mexican powder, done up in the original Mexican 
bags, being part of a large quantity taken by our 
troops at the city of Mexico, and sent to 'Augusta 
for deposit in the U. S- Arsenal there. 
([f^" The whole number of vessels which have 
sailed from the Atlantic ports for California, since 
the discovery of gold in that region, is 1257, viz: 
395 ships, 347 barques, 271 brigs, 212 schrs., 2 
sloops and 30 steamers. 
An overland mail has arrived from India, 
confirming the account of the awful explosion at 
Benares. No fewer than 1,000 lives we.-e lost by 
the explosion of 8,000 barrels of gunpowder, con¬ 
taining 480,000 lbs. of powder. 
j[;^”Lord Brougham, at a recent meeting of the 
Law Amendment Society, announced his inten¬ 
tion to proceed to the United States in January or 
February next, with a view to co-operate w'ith the 
law reform in this country, which had already so 
distinguished itself in the science of jurisprudence. 
Coal Road. —The route of the Greem Bay road 
from Milwaukee to Sheboygan, is to be improved 
by a coating of coal—double track, 20 feet wide, 
covered with 18 inches of coal. 
Items of NeYws, &c. 
President Fillmore took up his residence in 
the YVhite House on Friday week. 
51;^” An extensive fire occurred in Baltimore on 
Friday night. Loss estimated at $55,000. 
Robert C. YVinthrop has been appointed U. 
S. Senator from Mass., in place of D. YVebster. 
1^;^“ Gen. Lopez, the hero of the Cuban attemp t, 
is in YVashington. 
Twenty-one tons of strawberries were re¬ 
ceived in New York by the Erie Railroad in four 
days. This is only one of its sources. 
A Mr. Cornelius Van Horn, of Coopers- 
town, N. Y., sheared this spring 81J pounds of 
wool from 14 sheep. 
A“new bank, called the Marine Bank of 
Buffalo, is to go into operation on the 15th day of 
August with a capital of $170,000. 
The salary'of the President of Francois 
near $20,000 per month. An effort is making to 
insrease it to $80,000. 
Frances Rosemary, a girl, 18 years of age, 
w'as recently accidentally shot at Bell Port, L. I., 
by a deaf and- jumb son of Mrs. Thomas Bell. 
The amount of damage to the Vermont 
Central Railroad by the recent storm is estimated 
at $10,000. 
The Georgia, in a recent trip from Chagres 
to New York, 2,580 miles, ran the distance in 7 
days, 12 hours, averaging 344 miles in 24 hours. 
2;^” The P. M. of St. Joseph, Mo., a great de¬ 
pot of the overland Californians, advertises 5,505 
letters up to July 1. 
2^” The American prisoners at Plavana have 
all been given up and placed on board the U. S. 
ship Albany, to be taken to Pensacola. 
J. YV. Garbutt’s store, in YVheatland, was 
broken into a few nights ago, and robbed of $LOOO 
worth of goods. 
There are now in process of construction, 
nine Railroads, in the State of Indiana, the aggre¬ 
gate length of which is 432 miles. 
One million two hundred and sixty thou¬ 
sand Irish have emigranted to the United States 
since 1825. 
Gen. Semple has constructed a steam car 
to run between Alton and Springfield, Ill., on com¬ 
mon roads over the prairie. 
2^” The Mormons on Beaver Island, in the 
north part of Lake Michigan, are erecting a large 
wooden temple, 100 feet by 70. 
2;^*” James L. Thompson has been nominated 
as the YVliig candidate for Governor of Iowa, in 
place of James Hailee, Jr., declined. 
2^” The State debt of Connecticut is .$58,212 
48. It has a permanent fund of ,$406,000 in bank 
stock, not transferable. 
2^^” The O’Reilly telegraph line from Louis¬ 
ville to New Orleans is now completed, extending 
upwards of 1,100 miles. 
The Atlantic sailed from New York for 
Liverpool, on Saturday, with 122 passengers and 
L5,000 in specie. 
2^^” Thomas "Ewing has been appointed U. S. 
Senator from Ohio, in place of Corwin selected as 
member of the Cabinet. 
2^^” Littlefield, the janitor, has purchased a farm 
in Sharon, Vt., with the reward paid him for dis¬ 
covering the murderer of Dr. Parkman. 
2^” A contract has been made freighting 50,- 
000,000 feet of Canadian lumber from Oswego to 
Albany. 
2^” By the tenor of the Census bill. Assistant 
Marshals have the privilege of franking all matters 
connected with the performance of their duties. 
2^” 'Phere are more than two millions of dol¬ 
lars invested in manufactures in the State of 
Georgia. 
2^* The first new wheat delivered in the Cleve¬ 
land market weighed 63 lbs. to the bushel, and was 
sold at 85 cents. 
2^” By a recent act of the Pennsylvania Legis¬ 
lature the circulation of bank notes under the de¬ 
nomination of $5 is prohibited in that State after 
the 21st of August. 
2^'" The Whig State Central Committee have 
called a Convention, to meet at Syracuse on the 
26th of September, to nominate candidates for 
Stale officers. 
2^” The Custom Revenues of the Port of To¬ 
ronto for the quarter ending July, is upwards of 
JC 120,000, being more than double that of the cor¬ 
responding quarter of last year. 
2^” A veteran old toper aged 106 years, who 
wa.s committed to the St. Louis workhouse some¬ 
time since, has been discharged in consequence of 
his advanced age. 
2^§*“ 24,000 persons visited the American Mu¬ 
seum on the 4th, at New York. The receipts 
wore $4,827. Tom Thumb received $1,500 at 
New Haven. 
2 ;^ Another Swedish Nightingale has appear¬ 
ed and begun to sing. Her name is Henrietta 
Nissen, and her nickname, “ the lark of the gold¬ 
en throat.” She is said to be a “ great creature.” 
The effects of the flood were serious in Al¬ 
legany county. The streams are overflowed, and 
a number of small houses, with cattle, crops, &«., 
were carried off’. 
2^” The Fourth of July was celebrated at Pan¬ 
ama with great eclat. The company was numer¬ 
ous, and a number of public functionaries were 
present. 
The most extensive powder mills in the 
world are those on the Brandywine, Del., and the 
best powder made is at these mills. They manu¬ 
factured last year 2,500,000 pounds. 
2^” Cotton goods manufactured in Alabama, 
have lately been sent to Boston, and sold in the 
markets of that city, in competition wjth Lowell 
goods. 
2^" The N. Y‘. Courier says, that importations 
of the last nine months, have been upwards of six¬ 
teen millions of dollars greater than in the same 
time last year and the exports thirteen millions less. 
2^” An old soldier named Kolombesi, more 
than 120 years of age, has been recently admitted 
to the Ilotel des Invalides at Paris. He has seen 
ten forms of government in France. 
2^“ When Prof. Webster’s death warrant was 
read to him, which was done on the 22d ult, he 
was perfectly calm, and said: “God’s will be done. 
I am reconciled to my fate.” 
2^” The East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad 
is fast approaching completion, and by next fall 
there will bo a complete lino of Railroad from Ten¬ 
nessee river to Savannah and Charleston. 
25^” The Newfoundland Seal Fishery of this 
season has resulted in abundant returns. Seals to 
the value of $35,000 are now being cured at St. 
John’s alone, and the arrivals into difl’eront ports 
are computed at 15,000. 
25^ It is said that a woman residing near Little 
Falls, was on Monday, July 22, safely delivered of 
Jive children, at one birth, all boys, and that they 
with the mother are all doing well. Prolific sea- 
on, this. 
