250 
MOOllE^S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
SUCKERING CORN. 
THE FARMER’S RIGHTS AND INTERESTS. 
We observe some persons still adhering 
to the exploded doctrine of the necessity of 
pulling off the suckers from Indian corn. 
There is no point better settled, than the 
absolute requirement of the impregnation 
of the pistil, or silk of the ear by the pollen 
of the stamens, or tassel. The destruction 
of a single fibre of the silk, or the failure 
of impregnation, destroys the kernel to 
Avhich it is attached—a fact that is easily 
tested, by tying any close woven fabric, 
as a silk handkerchief, over the ear before 
silking, which will then produce a cob, but 
no kernels.or grain. 
Indian corn is a monoecious plant, having 
the stamens and pistils placed on different 
organs; consequently the suckers which 
throw out tassels containing the pollen, or 
impregnated material, become important 
auxiliaries to fertilize the late cars, which 
make their appearance after the loss of the 
pollen from the original tassel, when its pe¬ 
riod of production, or very dry hot weather, 
has rendered inactive. Therefore the suck¬ 
er is provided to perform its functions and 
carry out the designs of nature. 
The experiment has been faithfully tried, 
by suckering one land and leaving another, 
and in all cases the unsuckered portions pro¬ 
duced more corn by from 8 to 10 per cent, 
than the suckered ones; and a much great¬ 
er loss would ensue if the whole had been 
thus served, as the pollen of the suckers 
left is distributed more or less over the 
whole field. 
ECONOMICAL MODE OF DRAINING LAND. 
SALTING STRAW. 
As the period is at hand for threshing- 
out grain, it might be well to remark—par¬ 
ticularly to those living in the region where 
the hay crop is short, and the use of straw 
for fodder becomes important—that a great 
inducement to animals to eat it freely, is to 
salt it in mowing away in the barn, or in 
stacking. The animal requirement for salt, 
will cause them to eat freely of straw every 
day; providing their hay is not salted, and 
they are not provided for otherwise. A 
large amount of straw may, by this course, 
be made available for sustaining animals, 
and an extra conversion into manure be pro¬ 
duced. 
It is a bad practice to salt all hay put in¬ 
to the barn, as the animal economy only re¬ 
quires it at stated periods. In salting hay, 
only the poorer and coarser sorts should be 
served, as when all their food is thus pre- 
^ pared, animals are apt to loathe it, and some¬ 
times it produces the scours. 
When straw is properly salted, the ani¬ 
mals should be fed hay and allowed free ac¬ 
cess to the straw stacks, or have it fed out 
once each day. What they do not eat goes 
into the manure, and forms litter for the 
animals, and an absorbent for the liquid 
droppings. 
THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 
Tins Institute will hold the annual Ex¬ 
hibition of its Agricultural Department|in 
the City of New York in October next.— 
That of the Stock will be near Madison av¬ 
enue on the old ground, corner of Fifth av¬ 
enue on Twenty-third st.,—open to visitors 
on the 16th, iVth and 18th of October.— 
Entries of Stock must be made in writing, 
and delivered to the Clerk, at the Commit¬ 
tee Room, Madison Cottage, on Monday, 
13th October next. If previously sent to 
A. Chandler, Corresponding Secretary of 
the Institution, they will be attended to.— 
Premiums from $5 to $25 are offered for 
Native Stock, Full Bred Stock, Grade Stock, 
Milking Cows, Working Oxen, Fat Cattle, 
Sheep, Shepherd Dogs, Swine, Horses, 
Matched Horses, Mules, Jacks, Poultry, 
Farms and Market Gardens, Plowing, Test¬ 
ing of Plows, Spading Match, Agricultural 
Productions, Wool, Products of the Dairy. 
Beside boo^, diplomas and silver medals, 
the premiums in silver cups amount to 
We know, as the American Agricnltu- 
rist intimates, that we have not been wide 
awake about our political agricultural inter¬ 
ests. We know that we have trusted to 
the whiskered witlings, to do our office bu¬ 
siness. We know that we have perhaps 
too long allowed “ college striplings ” to 
use their lungs, when there was a deficien¬ 
cy of brains. We know that they have 
become to consider the offices ifAws —the 
ruling business their business—and the en¬ 
joyment of our money and our rights sub¬ 
ject to the dixit of those only who can sput¬ 
ter out a sentence or two of Greek and Lat¬ 
in, while they affect to look down upon 
those who extract from the earth the food 
they eat and the clothes they wear, and 
who pay their expenses. WY know that 
amongst us are men of good common sense 
—men whose judgment can be relied upon 
for all practical porposes—men who take 
care of their own affairs well and could be 
trusted with confidence to take care of ours. 
All this we know; but who wants to be 
bothered with political manoeuvres—we had 
rather be left alone to mind our own farms. 
But then, again, we know that that won’t 
do. We have a large interest at stake and 
a large brotherhood, and these boys ain’t 
the thing—they don’t understand our inter¬ 
ests, or if they do, they don’t husband them 
as well as we can ourselves. Beside, they 
are frequently saucy to us. Look around 
a little, and you’ll find that all*the offices 
are spoken for by some of these pettifog¬ 
gers or quacks, or else some capitalist has 
discounted a note for them and bought 
them off. 
No, no, gentlemen farmers, this won’t do. 
We must attend to our own business. We 
must muster out at primary meetings; we 
must have men of our own kidney—men 
whose interest is our interest to make laws, 
dole out our money, distribute our books, 
vote our taxes. If 65,255 are to give laws 
to 3,719,951—to rule them—let us see to 
it a little. I don’t exactly believe in be¬ 
longing to the party in power, and having- 
all the teat bits given to the gabbling mi¬ 
nority. We are getting to know some—at 
least so believes a Farmer of 
Livingston County 
I AM a believer in thorough, systematic 
draining, when the farmer has a capital to 
do it, but the greater part have not that 
capital. It is therefore necessary to adopt 
a temporary system, in order to raise good 
Cljt (Drcljorii aiiii 
Burr’s Seedling, Swainstone Seedling. 
Pis- 
STRAWBERRIES. 
In the vicinity of all our large towns, at 
__ ^ _ , ^ least, the cultivation of the strawberry is 
crops ; for it is'^evident to every farmer, that destined to be a most important branch of 
grain, or even gnuss, will not grow advan- horticulture. Around this city, the crop of 
tageously on wet land. the past season has been immense. The 
°The manner of draining that I have number of varieties grown, and grown in 
practised for years, I will now attempt to perfection, has never been equalled here 
describe, which answers a good purpose on before, and perhaps never _ excelled any- 
all swales and wet places that are not fed where. At our June exhibition, upwards of 
by springs. If necessary, let off the water twenty-five varieties were exhibited, includ- 
by plowing a furrow, or by opening a trench ing all the best known sorts, 
with the spade; then plow the field. After Purr’s New Pine maintains its suprem- 
the sod has rotted so that you can plow to acy in flavor, and is beside a most abundant 
advantage, mark out a land, the centre of bearer—indeed, we consider it, taking all 
which will be where you want your drain, together, the best strawberry. 
w'ith the outside extending, if practicable. The Stvainstone Seedling is equal in fla- 
to where the ground ascends. Plow deep, vor, and quite as large, but is a poor bear- 
repeatedly lessening the land a little at each er, and can not be recommended for gene- 
plowing, so as not to leave a ridge between ral cultivation. 
the outside of the field and the centre. By Burr’s Columbus and Rival Hudson are 
plowing from three to five times, and clear- both highly productive and fair sized varie- 
out the* dead furrow in the centre, with a ties, but somewhat acid. On this account, 
shovel or spade, you will have a drain or however, they are not at all objectionable 
hollow two or three feet deep, that will last to many people. 
for years. Burr’s Scarlet Melting proves a most 
There are several advantages attending pcolific bearer. We saw a bed of this va- 
this method. You have a drain nearly dug riety in Bissell & Hooke'r’s grounds, sur- 
when you want to put in an underdrain, passing in fruitfulness any we have seen this 
which may be covered by throwing the season; but the fruit is so tender that it can 
earth back Avith the ploiv. You also have not be cultivated for market, 
the subsoil mixed with that of the surface. Burr’s _ Old Seedling is a good, produc- 
which, in most case.s, is deficient in vegeta- tive, staminate sort. 
ble mould, and is ill adapted to the growth Hovey’s Seedling holds its place as the 
of wheat and other crops thus rendering it largest, and the crops here this season, in all 
more productive than any other part of the the gardens, have been quite satisfactory 
field, mucli better than they have ever been be- 
I have reclaimed considerable wet land fore. The flavor is but middling, 
in this way, and have found it cheap and Boston Pine is exceedingly prolific, and 
expeditious. I always plow the rest of the of fine size, but flavor poor, 
field, if possible, so as to cross the main Black Prince has yielded most abundant 
drains. I make my lands about three rods crops of large, fine looking fruit, but in all 
wide, always plowing them the same Avay. cases exceedingly insipid. W e see it stated 
When the field is sowed, I run the ploAv to be the saine thing at Cincinnati. At the 
through OA'ery dead furrow, and clean out Buffalo exhibition Ave found the specimens 
the earth AAUth a shovel or spade. I think shown to be no better. W e have hereto- 
if the above method Avere practised by far- fore found it much better; but it cei tainly 
mers, Ave should hear less of the Avinter-kil- can not be relied upon in this respect, 
ling of Avheat and the failure of crops. My The Crimson Cone is a rnost abundant 
experience has been on a soil and subsoil of bearer eA'ery year here, and in appearance 
clayey loam, v/hich is the character of most one of the most beautiful of all of a leg'u- 
of the land in this State, called “timbered | lar conical, pine apple shape, and iich,shin- 
tillates —Burr’s Ngav Pine, Hovey’s Seed¬ 
ling, Crimson Cone, Rival Hudson,^ Black 
Prince. And in addition to these, the Pro¬ 
lific Hautbois and the Alpines; both having 
perfect flowers, and not mixing with other 
varieties. For a very small collection, the 
two first of each staminate and pistillate.— 
The Alpines Ave Avould cultivate, if none 
else, on account of their bearing so long and 
possessing such delicious flavor. But, few 
will agree Avith us, on account of their small 
size. 
A correspondent Avrites us:—“ I have 
made up my mind this season, from my own 
observation and experience, that Burr’s 
New Pine, Early Scarlet, and Hovey’s 
Seedling, are the three varieties for those 
who Avish to cultivate but three sorts.”— 
Genesee Farmer. 
THINNING FRUIT. 
GOOD AND BAD MANAGEMENT. 
Taking Honey.— The London Agricul¬ 
tural Gazette gives the following plan for 
etherizing bees preparatory to taking the 
honey:— 
Put about half an ounce of ether in a 
small flask of two ounces capacity, and con¬ 
nect it with the hive by a piece of glass 
tube fifteen or eighteen inches long, bent in 
the middle at a right angle; place the flask 
a basin of hot water, and the ether will 
then pass through the tube into the hive in 
a state of vapor. The glass tube should be 
fixed air-tight in the flask with a cork, in 
in the usual way, and the entrance hole of 
the hive should also be closed with glazier’s 
putty, dough, or any similar substance, after 
the other end of the tube has been inserted 
into it If a flask be not at hand, a thin 
piiial may be used instead of it The ope¬ 
ration m«st be performed in the evening. 
openings. 
Troy, Mich., 1850. 
Linius Cone. 
\^Am. Agriculturist. 
THE LOCUST OF THE SALT LAKE. 
The shores of the Salt Lake are infested 
mg, crimson color; distinguishable at a 
glance, among all other sorts. The flavor 
is medium—about the same as the Large 
Early Scarlet. We consider this a valu¬ 
able variety. 
British Queen is a most superb fruit, and 
During a ride in our county not many 
days ago, I could but notice a noble looking 
orchard, of a hundred trees, planted more 
than -20 years ago, by the man who now 
lives upon the farm. Yet that orchard 
hardly produces good fruit enough to sup 
ply the fiimily of the owner, and the sour 
dwarfed fruit is of no particular value for 
SAvine or cider. Flis neighbor, not far oflj 
has an orchard some five years younger, of 
about half the size, and in a more unfavor¬ 
able location; yet he supplies himself and 
many of his neighbors, and sells enough of 
his noble pippins and greenings to pay his 
hired men, and keep his bill for family gro¬ 
ceries from accumulating. The secret of 
all the difference is, the latter man actually 
expended $5 in grafting that orchard, and 
has occasionally expended an hour’-e labor 
in pruning and cultivating those graceful 
trees. 
During that ride, I saw a man feeding ten 
long, lank, lean swine, Avhich will hardly 
furnish his family with pork, bacon and lard, 
for a twelve-month. Before I had traveled 
five miles further, I saw another man with 
seven, about the same age, and he will 
probably have a ton of pork to sell. 
Another man’s fences, outbuildings and 
garden Avere a disgrace to the man, as well 
as to the neighborhood, and to the country; 
while another as greatly honored himself in 
them all; thus making it apparent to my 
mind that a man can as signally honor or 
dishonor himself on a piece of ground only 
large enough for a garden, as on a farm of 
100 or 500 aax&s,.—Pardee’s Address. 
POLL EVIL. 
Robert A. Sherrard says that for thirty 
years he has found the following a remedy 
for the disease, if resorted to before matter 
begins to run:— ^ 
“ Just as soon as he sees the swelling be¬ 
gin to rise on the poll or wethers of the 
horse, procure (by scraping fat rusty bacon) 
about a teacup full of grease; to this add 
as much tar, mix them together—rub on 
the part affected a small portion of the mix 
ture, and apply a bar of iron heated red 
hot, and hold so close as to cause the hair 
to curl, and the tar and grease to dry in; 
rub on a little more of the mixture, and 
again apply the hot iron; this being repeat¬ 
ed four times, let the horse go to the pas¬ 
ture or to the stable, and repeat the same 
operation for three or four days in succes¬ 
sion, and I will warrant, if this preventive 
be applied in time and as it should be, the 
poll evil or fistula will be stopped, and will 
rise no more.” 
by a sort of insect pest, Avhich claims a vile the plant extremely rich and luxuriant m 
resemblance to the locust of the Syrian Dead foliage; but the yield is quite inconsiderable 
Sea. Wingless, dumpy, black, swollen- and it deserves a place only in the amateur’s 
headed, Avith bulging eyes in cases like gog- collection. 
gles, mounted upon legs of steel ware and Jenney’s Seedling is very large, and. the 
clock spring, and with a general personal plant of a vigorous and luxuriant habit— 
appearance that justified the Mormons in We have not seen enough of it to speak de- 
comparing him to a cross of the spider and cidedly of its bearing qualities, but should 
the buffalo, the Deseret cricket comes doAvn think it Avill produce very moderately, and 
from the mountains, at a certain season of the flavor is but medium, or hardly that, 
the year, in voracious and desolating myri- Princess 'Alice Maude has produced a 
ads. It was just at this season that the first good crop of large, fine looking, but very 
crops of the neAV settlers Avere in the full insipid and Avorthless fruit, 
glory of their youthful green. The assail- Deptford Pine the same, 
ants could not be repulsed. The Mormons, Prolific Hautbois is a large, conical, pale 
after their fashion, prayed and fought and , colored, SAveet and musky fruit that 
fought and prayed, but to no purpose. The people like, and. an inimense bearer. The 
“ Black Philistines” moAved their way even plant is quite distinct in its appearance, and 
with the ground, leaving it as if touched when in blossom, is highly ornamental. ■ 
with an acid or burnt with fire. We consider that its distinct peculiarities of 
But an unlooked for ally came to the res- growth,-flavor &c, added to ite Fod^ctive 
Vast armies of bright birds, before ^^ess, render it well worthy of cultivatio^ 
strangers to the valley, hastened across the The Large Early Scarlet and the Red 
lake from some unknown quarter, and gorg- and White Alonthly Alpines are unfaihng 
ed themselves upon the well fatted enemy, good bearers, and the latter especially fine 
They Avere snow white, with little heads and flavored. There is no other variety we 
clear dark eyes, and little feet and long would recommend in preference 
wings, that arched in flight “ like an angel’s.” Large Early Scarlet, as a staminate to fer 
At first the Mormons thought they were new tilize the pistillate varieties, as it not only 
enemies to plague them; but when they possesses an abundance of pollen, but is it 
found them hostile only to the locust, they self an excellent fruit 
were careful not to molest them in their The Bishop)’s Orange is also a good bear 
friendly office, and to this end declared a er, and a good fruit.^ 
heavy fine against all who should kill or an- We give these brief notes, made irom a 
noy them with fire-arms. .The gulls soon careful examination of the fruits m various 
grew to be tame as the poultry, and the de- plantations. The attention that has been 
lighted little children learned to call them given the straAvberry culture here for a icav 
their pigeons. They disappeared every years past, by several zealoj^s and well in¬ 
evening beyond the lake; but, returning formed cultivators, has not only awakened 
with the sunrise, continue their welcome vis- the community to the importance of the sub 
itings till the crickets were all exhausted. ject, but has really given them such imorm 
This curious incident recurred the follow- ation—such examples as can not tai o 
ing year with this variation, that in 1849, convince them that to raise strawberries 
the gulls came earlier and saved the wheat with success, requires but the plaiimst and 
cue. 
crops from all harm whatever. 
SCOURS AND COUGH IN SHEEP. 
simplest course of management. There is 
no difficulty now in selecting varieties that, 
with good soil and good culture, will yield 
an ample return. # 
Good soil is a soil made deep by trench 
ing or ploAving. It should be at least a foot 
For the Scours. —Take black walnut 
hulls, dried and pulverised, mixed Avith an 
equal quantity of flour, then wet and make a half deep, and so enriched Avith ma- 
into pills about the size of small hickory ^ures as to be in as good condition as a veg- 
nuts. Give three or four of these pills at a g^^^le o-arden ought to be. Good culture 
dose, and if that does not stop the disease, consists’ in keeping the plants free from 
saturate the pills with laudanum and repeat .vvgeds and runners, and the ground mellow 
the dose. about the plants. Showery weather 
For Cough. —The best remedy that I ing this and next month, will be a good 
have found is rosin, pulverised fine and fed time for planting. The best way is in rows 
with the grain. It not only stops the cough three feet apart, and the plants a foot apart 
but seems to improve the health of the in the rows. The preceding notes will be 
sheep every way. After eating the rosin, some guide to the inexperienced, in making 
you will hear them sneeze freely, which is selections. For a small collection, giving a 
also a remedy for the grub in the head— reasonable variety, we can not do wrong, we 
but there is no certain cure for this disease think, in pointing out the following Stamin- 
that I have been able to discover. Large Early Scarlet, Boston Pine, 
Those cultivators Avho have not had 
much experience in raising fruit, neglect to 
thin it; consequently, their fruit is inferior, 
both in size and quality, and the quantity 
no larger. Owing to its inferiority, it sells 
at a much less price than it Avould under 
judicious management. 
One peach-grower informed us that he 
had taken off two-thirds of his peaches, and 
as they increased in size, and appeared too 
thick on the trees, he said that he was sor¬ 
ry that he had not taken off one half of the 
other third. One man complained to his 
neighbor, that a certain variety of the peach 
hich his friend had adAused him to culti¬ 
vate, was a poor bearer. “ Stop your com¬ 
plaint,” Avas the reply “ until you sell your 
fruit.” He raised on one tree, three dozen 
of peaches, sold them at tAvo dollars per doz- 
en, and AV'as satisfied. 
In many cases it is necessary to thin fruit, 
educing it, sometimes, to one half the speci¬ 
mens, and sometimes a still greater reduc¬ 
tion is necessary. Besides the injury to the 
fruit from too large a crop, the tree is also 
injured by exhaustion, Avhich will stint its 
roAvth, render it unhealthy, and cause light 
crops in future, particularly in the next 
season. 
Experience in this business is necessai-j', 
for but very few persons can be taught, by 
precepts, the great importance of thinning- 
fruit ; so they Avill go on alloAving too much 
to remain on the trees, till they gradually < I 
learn, from practice, the good effects of 
thinning. —New England Farmer. 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL CONGRESS. 
In conformity Avith the resolutions passed 
at the last session of this national institution, 
its next meeting AA'ill be held in the city of 
Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 11th, 12th, and 
13th days of September next, A. D., 1850. 
The Ohio State Board of Agriculture, and 
the Cincinnati Horticultural Society, Avill al¬ 
so hold their Annual Exhibition at the same 
time and place, and the latter have gener¬ 
ously offered to provide for the accommoda¬ 
tion of the Congress. 
All agricultural, horticultural, pomologi- 
cal, and kindred societies in the United 
States and the Canadas are hereby respect¬ 
fully invited to send such number of dele¬ 
gates as they may deem expedient. 
In order to facilitate the objects of this 
association, to promote pomology and the 
sciences upon which it depends, to collect 
and diffuse a knowledge of researches and 
discoveries in this important department, del¬ 
egates are requested to bring with them 
specimens of the fruits of their respective 
districts, Avith lists of the same, and also pa¬ 
pers descriptive of their art of cultivation, 
of diseases and insects injurious to vegeta¬ 
tion, of remedies for the same, and whatever 
Avill add to the interest and utility of the 
convention. 
Packages of fruit not accompanied by its 
proprietor, may be addressed to the care of 
Messrs. John F. Dair & Co., LoAver Market 
Street, Cincinnati, 0. These should be very 
distinctly marked, “For the American Pom- 
ological Congress.” 
All societies to be represented in this 
Congress will please forAvard certificates of 
the election of their several delegation to J. 
B. Russell, Esq., Corresponding Secretary ^ I 
of the Cincinnati Horticultural Society.— 
Delegates will also report themselves at the 
Burnet House, on the morning of the 11th, 
Avhere a committee will be in attendance to 
take charge of their fruits, and from Avhence 
the Congress will proceed to the hall as¬ 
signed for its meetings. 
MARSHALL P. WILDER, Pres’t. 
S. B. Parsons, ) 
P. Barry, > Secretaries. 
Geo. W. Deacon, ) 
July 4, 1850. 
Editors who feel interested in the objects 
of the above association are respectfully so- 
Ucited to notice this circular. 
Large Gooseberries. —On Monday last 
we were presented with a few of the most 
beautiful specimens of the English Goose¬ 
berry which we think it has ever been our 
good fortune to look upon. Some of them 
measured 4-^ inches in circumference, and 
none less than 3-^ inches. They were from 
the garden of our old friend Mr. William 
Pepper, at the foot of the lake, who mform- 
ed us that he had some which measured 
five inches. We challenge the State,— 
Geneva Gazette. 
