MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND EAMILY JOURNAL. 
CHOPS IN NORTHERN NIAGARA. 
The result of the wheat harvest in this 
region, has been a most glorious realization 
of the toiler’s hopes. No California “mint 
drop,” was ever more golden, nor an over¬ 
fed Alderman more plump, than is the straw 
and berry of our “ placer ” product. And 
here, in the region of the lake, it has been 
secured in prime order, though sunshine 
and shower have alternated pretty frequent¬ 
ly, East and south of us we hear com¬ 
plaints of grown grain. 
Threshing machines are “busy as bees,” 
shelling out the crop which is generally 
yielding a generous return. As e.vamples 
of the ordinary medium and c.vlremes, I 
will state that one man who has just thresh¬ 
ed his crop of thirty acres, gets 1130 bush¬ 
els ; another from eighteen acres gets a tri¬ 
fle over 500 bushels; another from five 
acres gets 21V bushels. There is now and 
then a half cultivated field, or one sown 
very late after spring crops, that only turns 
out from 10 to 15 bushels. 
Grass was a medium crop. Corn is 
more than usually promising; oats ordina¬ 
rily fair. Potatoes look pretty well, but in 
some fields show signs of curl. The apple 
crop is light, and peaches almost a failure. 
Wilson, N. Y., Aug. 8, 1850. t. e. w'. 
THE STATE FAIR. 
We observe a paragraph in several of our ex¬ 
changes, credited to an Albany paper, stating that 
the I’air is to be held in October—a sad blunder, 
as the time appointed is the 3d, 4th, 5th and 6th 
of September. The error should be promptly cor¬ 
rected by those at fault in thus (unintentionally we 
presume) deceiving the public. Having often 
mentioned the correct time, we hope every reader 
of the New-Yorker is “all right” in that par¬ 
ticular. 
For the information of those interested we give 
the annexed 
Programme; 
Monday, Sept. 2d. Entries to be made at the 
business-office on the show grounds at the Bull’s 
Head, between Albany and Troy, and articles ar¬ 
ranged. 
Tiiesday,3d. Stock, implements and articles re¬ 
ceived at the show grounds from 8 o’clock until 
5 P. M. 
Wednesday, 4th. The grounds to be ojyenio the 
Judges, Exhibitors, and Members only, from 9 
o’clock until 5 P. M.; admission fee .fl. The 
Judges will be called at the Society’s Tent at 12, 
and proceed immediately to the discharge of their 
duties. 
Thursday, 5. The grounds will he open to the 
public from 8 o’clock until 5 P. M. Single ad¬ 
missions one shilling; Members’ tiekets $1, which 
allows the member, his wife, and family under 
21 vears of age, admission during the show. The 
JvAges will deliver their report to the Secretary at 
the business office by 12 o’clock this day. 
Friday, 6th. Grounds open to the public from 
8 o’clock until 5 P. M. The address will be de¬ 
livered on the grounds at 2 o’clock P. M., by Prof. 
Amos Dean, of Albany. The awards will be im¬ 
mediately announced after the address, and pre¬ 
miums paid at the business office as far as practi¬ 
cable, and on Saturday, at the Agricultural Rooms 
in the citv. 
The Rooms of the Executive Committee will 
be at the Delevan House where guests of the So¬ 
ciety, and visitors and delegates, are requested to 
call. _ _ _ 
AGRICULTURAL FAIRS FOR 1850. 
We give below the time and place of holding 
the next Annual Exhibitions of the State Agricul¬ 
tural Societies. Also the same of several New 
York County Societies—all from which we have 
received definite information. 
State Societies: 
New York, at Albanj’, Sept. 3, 4, 5, 6. 
Ohio, at Cincinnati, Sept. 11, 12, 13. 
Maryland, at Baltimore, Oct. 2.3, 24, 25. 
Rhode Island, at Providence, Sept. 18, 19, 20. 
New Hampshire, at Concord, 1st week in Oct. 
Canada West, at Niagara, Sept. 18, 19, 20. 
American Institute, New York.—Exhibition will 
open first week in October, and continue three 
weeks. Plowing and Spading Matches at Tarry- 
town, Oct. 11. Cattle Show, corner 5th avenue 
and 23d streets, Oct. 16, 17, 18. 
CowNTY Fairs in New York. 
SIGNS OF A POOR FARMER. 
[From the Albany Cultivator.'! 
ECONOMICAL FOOD FOR HORSES. 
Some of the English farmers, who use 
horses in their work much more than we 
'IMPROVEMENTS ON THE FARM. at this season. With these, drainage is the SIGNS OF A POOR FARMER. elonomioal j;uud juk uuRSEb. 
[From the Albany Cultivator.! Jrimrrthoiild'’S STut off Moore:— The annexed article orig- SoME of the English farmers, who use 
The latter part of August and the fore ^ channels^ along their sources, and inally appeared, under the above heading, their work much rnore than we 
part of Sep^^er may be considered the J’Le eCne^ in tlie American (Baltimore) Farmer. I tent^dToW 
most favorable part of the year or ma mg points as will best insure its discharge entreat you to transfer it to the columns of ^t the same time keepimr up their flesh and 
mprovements on the farm. At this season, from tV land As the water is taken away, -o at a- at me same lime Keeping up ineir nesn ana 
J earlier crops have been secured, the the Rurae New-Yorker. It is just th strength._ 
the soil will settle, more or less, and this 
settling will facilitate further operations in 
;;itiva7ion of tile later ones has been fmish- ^11^ ^ thing, and may reach the consciences and Steren^inhisBook of the Fa™, has con¬ 
ed, and the farmer is only waiting for their “‘3 ,vays The solidity acquired will reclaim the habits of some hard cases. arable to say upon this important branch 
maturity. In addiUon to the comparative (..[i „„ teams for getting out Yours, J. l. Our tomerrwhore thev have an abun- 
leisure which is thus afforded, there are gtoj^gg stumps and bushes and all such ob- - , ^ t ’ where they have an abun 
other circumstances which render this a ,eff by the settling of the earth, Hs griBes his mowing land late in the thesTmlttem "Vh? W ifwd to“urand 
suitable period for such operations. The Lstly on the surface, from which they may spring. Some of his cows are much past fJ^^tte Xbome an7ie tamMes°rwn 
1C ihun At ATiv otHpr i i*i _i tlip.ir nviTTift. Ho. iicmects to keen the ma- tne oici norbe, ana ne lumoieb uawii 
ed, and the farmer is only waiting for their ^^ays. The solidity acquired will 
maturity. In addition to the comparative Qf taking on teams for getting out 
leisure which is thus afforded, there are gtones, stumps and bushes, and all such ob- 
other circumstances wdiich render this a the settling of the earth. 
thing, and may reach the consciences and 
reclaim the habits of some hard cases. 
Y'ours, j. L. 
ground is* generally drier than at any other Readily removedr’ •' p^ime. He neglects to keep the ma- 
time during the year, which permits the la- « swamp holes,” which, like plague ground from the sills of his barn, 
bor of men and teams on places which at g disfigure the surface of farms, form- He sows and plants his land till it is ex- 
other times are inaccessible from wetness, jng the breeding places of worthless plants hausted, before he thinks of manuring.— 
This is particularly favorable to the drain- and diso-usting reptiles, and filling the at- He keeps too much stock, and many of them 
hay before him, more than he can eat is a 
day. Pie is told to give him his provender, 
and he puts before him a lot of oats, it may 
be six quarts or eight quarts or half a bush¬ 
el, just as it happens. But where there is 
frisis" wMrh';rey“may brmo 7 ;‘ 7 iily ft’ A^rpa*slldJm'doVrauy Sing Tu"stemy weather J^wcutter, and the Eorses are keptebcut 
killed by cutting or bruising. 
the large crops they produce, when redeem- or in an evening. You will often, perhaps. 
One of the first objects to which atten- IT [be’’effec4o'f”stoKnant water and hear of bis being in the bar-room, talking Stevens says there should be a regular 
tion should be directed in the improvement tild Thev are pafticularly natural of hard times Although he has been on feed prepared for fmra horses, and admims- 
of the farm, is the eradication of bushes and ^ and when XperrpreS by a piece of land 20 years, ask him for graft- tered every day, and he g.ves the follow,ng 
pernicious plants in fields, along lines of drafnage, the wild grorth’oxterminated, an 5 ed apples, and he will tell you he could not formula to prepare this feed, 
fences, roadsides, &c 'aese arc not only tge sXace propfriy smoothed, may be raise them, for he never had any luck— '‘'X.r.Td ll’iS IrXppfd suaw,'™ 14J lbs. 
great drawbacks on the beauty of the farm, brought into valuable meadows by sowing' His indolence and carelessness subject him mid-day, 3 lbs. of oat and bean meal, 
being unsightly to the eye, and conveying grass seed about the first of September, many accidents. He loses cider for want and 12 I’bs. of chopped straw, 15 lbs. 
an unpleasant idea of careless and slovenly Timothy, and the large red-top are the best of a hoop. His plow breaks in his hurry to 
habits; but they are very detrimental to the masses for such situations; a peck of the get m his seed m season, because it was not £pped str™ 14i lbs 
pecuniary interest of the farmer. They gf ^j^g former, with half a bushel to a housed; and m harvest, when he is at work ’ —:_ 
draw nourishment from the ground which jj^g^el of the latter, (according to its clean- on a distant part of his farm, the hogs break 44 lbs. 
should go to the support of valuable plants, j^gggV jg ^j^g proper’quantity for an acre.— garden, for want of a small repair in This quantity he says will be sufficient 
and by propagating themselves, are con- jj. j^g scratched in with rakes or by a fence. He always feels in a hurry, yet for the strongest farm horse, and less will 
stantly increasing and spreading the injury. 
Thistles, docks, briers and thorns, are often 
bush-harrow. 
Peat bogs, drained, may be made to pro- 
in his busiest day he will stop and talk till be consumed by ordinary ones; but that 
he has wearied your patience. He is sel- can be regulated according to circumstances. 
allowed to flourish unmolested in the situa- ^^gg good crops of many kinds; but grain ‘lo*" neat in his person, and generally late by withdrawing a little meal and straw. — 
r.f finirla vv j , , of io TTia /’ViiUlr/in Qrp at 3’La V>r>fin TTiGJil wliipli lift ia flip 
tions mentioned. On the bordei’s of fields 
they occupy the richest of the soil, and an- 
crops and grass are very liable to lodge at public worship. His children are late at 
down on peaty soils. This is owing in a school, and their books are torn and dirty. 
, ^ . . y. •! /• TT/i ar»H 1C eny/x novo 
The bean meal which he mentions, is the 
meal of the English horse bean, which is 
nually extend their encroachments. They g^^ degree to the want of silex (flint) in He has no enterprise, and is sure to have made great use of in that country. We can 
are not unfrequently seen in good lands, snil nnrl in snmo dpo-ree also to the soil no money; or, if he must have it, makes raise it well enough here, but it is not equal 
the soil, and in some degree also to the soil money 
that are devoted to'various crops, and in beino”too”loos'e~ to'give^the plants a firm great sacrifices to get it; and he is slack in to Indian corn, which we can raise much 
pastures are quite common—many farmers gtandino- on their roots. The application of his payments, and buys altogether on cred- easier. By substituting corn meal for bean 
being apparently regardless of their pres- gravel remedies both defects, and h, he purchases everything at a dear rate, meal in the above mixture, you have a bet- 
ence and effects. The great extent of ^j^g ^lineral substance is well incor- You will see the smoke come out of his ter compound. 
ground that is occupied by these worthless po^ated wdth the vegetable matter, the straw chimney long after daylight in winter. His _ Stevens says the usual allowance of oats 
pests, is a dead loss; but besides this, grass becomes stiff, and the crops stand and ma- horse stable is not daily cleansed, nor his in that country, lor a horse, is eleven and 
and other crops are robbed of moisture by ture well. The quantity of sand which it torse curried. Boards, shingles and clap- one-half pounds per day, when the grain is 
them during droiith, and at other times are jg expedient to apply, varies with the com- boards are to be seen ofiP his buildings, of the finest quality; but as horses do not 
soured and diminished in growth by their position of the peat’soil, some containing month-after month, without being replaced, always get the finest quality, the allowance 
shade and roots. much more mineral earth than other de- and his windows are full of rags. He feeds may be taken at ten pounds, and when hay 
It should be an invariable rule with the gsites. A coating of an inch to two inches his hogs and horses with whole grain. If is given them in spring, they_ eat at le^t 
farmer, to prevent all injurious plants from fo depth will however, be found sufficient the lambs dies, or the wool comes off his one and one-half stone, which is 21 pounds, 
seeding. This will at all events keep them fo most iases.’ It may’be carted on in win- sheep, he does not think it is from want of and this, with the oats, will make 33 pounds 
from spreading—except such as increase by ter when most farming operations are sus- care or food. He is generally a great bor- everyday. , , • 
.1 A _1 u:_^ _ o A ___If Will conn fliaf fnn nnAv^^ TniYT.nrn' is 
the root. Annual or biennial thistles are 
easily destroyed by being cut while in bios- ^’"pfoat to be used in the barn-yard, for mix- rowed. He is a poor husband, a poor neigh- made up of stra' 
som and before any seed is matured; and fog with animal manure, should be dug out bor, a poor citizen, a poor Christian. fibrous part 
even Canada thistles may be destroyed by jj^t this season, and piled on dry land, where T-c-nTr^T'To^'^wTwTTU'E' f 
following up this course for several seasons it may be obtained as wanted. In this sit- LEAVES AS M ANURE. mixed together 
in succession. They should be cut nation, the air and rains gradually dissipate Leaves, buds, and tender branches are “'03 
1 /roz.Ttc;, and just at that juncto^^ the acid which the peat contains when lyts peculiarly rich in the vegetable alkali; be- fo ^j^h them a- 
they are in fullest bloom, ^ew will start, natural bed, and which must be dispelled or £des which they contain other organic ele- ^ 
which if untouched will produce seed in au- neutralized before the peat can afltord nour- from tLc soil and which, bv ^ ^ ^ ' 
pended. 
rower, and seldom returns the things bor- 
It will be seen that the above mixture is ■ 
made up of straw, instead of hay, for the < 
fibrous part < 
The meal and the chopped straw are ^ 
mixed together in a tub, and a little salt ' 
mixed with them. The steamed potatoes, ! 
or 23 pounds of ruta baga turnips poured ^ 
in with them, and the whole mashed up 
acquire an uniform tem- 
1 - o • J * R^, m R^ -^ ments derived from the soil, and which, by TiPr-itnrc 
tumn; but this secon crop s ishment to plants. , being returned to the soil, enrich its surface, ^ This oart of the orocess viz: the boiled 
without foil, when in le same s g Digging rocks (boulders) from grounds folding to prevent its exhaustion, or when steamed roots will not be convenient for 
first The readiest and most eftectual mode encumbered by them, may now be done ad- newly applied,-that is to other ground,— L fLmers 
of dostroyinp; Canada thistles, where they yantasreouslv. Stone walls are ffenerally ,i,.„ our tarmors to attend to every day, but 
generally enrich it more than superficially. 
occupy giouid that will admit of cultiva- the be°st and most economical fences in sucii XXsirTthe be substituted by a little 
Uon,iI by frequently working the soil with eit^^tions. They have the important re- the St benches Z-seem tefaX “/fl “d cold water, m the warmer 
the plow; or some implement that will en- e„„^endation, that when once made in a Xure for ttek^^nure offcesri^^^^^^^^ f -f‘“m ’ "l™'” n'' ? 1 
tirely prevent the growth of the top. No „,^„„er, they are perpetual. A Sa oPtn-ouXenorkllv XrX^^^^ winter, and it vvill make an excellent and 
plant can bear to be deprived of its leaves two feet deep’ and somewhat wider ?/hfZts eSet he inorganic ele- 1 ?“”“ 
The roots collect the inorganic ele- 
fora long time, and if thistle patches are than the base of the'wall, should be dug for Ss eiSto kStiZ Slim »il, fetm.-^gme J-gmer. _ _ _ 
worked over SO often as to prevent the plant the foundation, which should be filled with penetrating deeply and widely; the leaves THE ROLLING STONE GATHERS NO MOSS, 
from appearing a ove groun , ey wi e the smaller stones that are not suitable for (letaiu and store up a certain portion of them Neither does the uneasv farmer who is 
mostly killed in one season^ ^all. A skillful and practical wall-layer, elements derived from the at- .of taX moviL or ta^^^^^^ 
Docks and mullens may be pulled up any to select and place the j^psphere, such as are required for their 
time before they make seed, though it will gtones so as to make the most substantial and these returned to the soil with ^ xf. ^ 
be most convenient to pull them after they permanent fence. SXauXthf S Zrthere uXerloing T p "’'S’f’S ““ belongsto tha 
have shot into stalk. Those winch break Baders that are not wanted for walls, ““omDorit on .‘rrXdv to be aZZpriatef 5'’’^ X f Z 
off may be dug up with a mattock. If cut be sunk by digging holes under or be- tZS XadXnlster t the nS of rf '"‘'r f , u • 
off twb or three inches below the surface, ejJ them, so dLptLt they may fall below -mt’s ^ ‘““f bj’ “P- 
they will not start. The eyes or buds from the depth to which the plow reaches. Those ''Ce<lt^blc growth. . dicious management, and before he has se- 
which shoots proceed, are situated near the have adopted this mode of disposing of XHE HEN FEVER, cured the value of the labor bestovved in 
crown of the plant. If not cut below these, boulders, state that it is much less expeii- . ia wLipL them, he is left with a crippled 
they will grow. The yellow dock is an ex- 3 ;,,. (liak to get them out by blasting with ^ plmtatron, yielding but a poor cmp. To 
oeedingly troublesome plant in grain fields „,raer, empfoying men and teams to take *e hen fever is "7 move m quest of the virgin agam, is tat 
and meadows, and should be exterminated {hem away’ ateur farmers. Choice hens are now im- incurring heavy expenses, hard labor, loss 
as soon as it makes its appearance, as it ^ [3 a/e„„„eous idea, though entertain- 7 , 77 ' 1 SfZ™'"' ‘I™- iT iaPo?? innumerable, besides 
Qecomposiuon, are reaay to oe appropricueu present crops, Avithout an eye to the fu- 
again, and re-admimster to the process of jjjg lands are heavily taxed by inju- 
vegetable growth.—A-armer’s Herald. management, and before he has se- 
_ cured the value of the labor bestowed in 
- . clearing them, he is left with a crippled 
Few are aware of the extent to Avhich plantation, yielding but a poor crop. To 
the hen fever is now raging among our am- niove in quest of the virgin soil again, is but* 
ateur farmers. Choice hens are now im- incurring heavy expenses, hard labor, loss 
as soon as it makes its appearance, as it jj. jg an erroneous idea, though entertain 
spreads very rapidly from seed. The bur- ed by many farmers, that improvement wil 
^ock only grows in rich soil, but is frequent- VVe believe this is in many in 
ly allowed to monopolize some of the best spaces, urged merely as an excuse for care 
, , f +Rc.f ;rr.r.rAVAmpnt will ^oice of tliirty-fivc pounds sterling came in parting with the old homestead for a mere 
ed by ^''y XlTn cf Winthrop, from Li?erpool.- ® hen he could soon make it rich and 
no yiay. o ..1, „3 an excuse for 4ire merits of tlicse fowls are daily discus- productive, if he would but feed it wkh half 
portions of the fariA When sheep are al- £ZeS anTne^igeL. It is a safe maxim sed in the railroad cars and at our fchfom the care that breeds his own imagination 
lowed to run among them in the fall of the (hat, what is worth doing, is worth doing y»“->g.fe™“ fXl IXi “T- ““wi f Tuf 
year, the burs adhere to the wool, and oc- „ell We could refer to hundreds of in- “ ““ ™‘“‘y >”“ “to '“wl bus,- ,,3^ m “ El Dorado,” to which he is about 
Lion much injury by matting it. stances where such improvements as we "7 “ Ltoh a ,1 , B iq f n 
Briars and other bushes should be cut ^ave spoken of have bken made, with a f "yf”, ” .he own , Z “ko 
thij latter part of August Theyhavetheu greater profit on the money so expanded, Zteef.hit helnk tfe<:rops, nor to mow M acres for live loads 
finished their new growth, and the sap is |an is realised in the ordinary routine of '=88" Hent Ze 1 s "1 
about to “turn,” as the expressionis-that farming The lands operated on are fro- '""‘to" “P” you for it Better farm 6 .acres well, than 
is,a newset of buds is to be prepared for qgentif of little or no viSue; but by an out- I h TcZtZLtlhTem ’ by “ is much better to im- 
another year, and the new wood U to be ? of fifteen or twenty-five dollars, are but who have ^ 77 to b * prove 7 old farm than to go off upon 
Sr^dror'et^^^tllil^wt^^^ _ T '■ ■ Buan„OKS.-Tbe burdock 
short crop be Sprouts as soon as they ap- iag wool in this part of the State, aid north or eight daya I make a slop of abou two ,s not wanted we suppose it is regarded 
pear, and if penJitted to keep them down „fL, we inquired of Mr, Ford, the gentle- f “om meal, dish wash-w^r 1 te- by some as d.ffleult to exterm n^ 
for two seasoL the roots wiU be principal- ..anlV proprietor of the Carding MiU in this “I''® above quantity of copperas m a D. Fisher, a corres^ntoL of the Ifoston 
ly killed. It is an advantage to sow on place! Lo informs us that he has received tea-oup of warm w^r, and mix the whole < 7 «ftogtor. says that “ the*burdock if no 
some grass seed—blue-grass, or red-top— over 10,000 pounds at his Mill and estimates together, then give it to e og. 77 . to go to see or wo y I", 
SLonas the bushes gave been cutLd {L he Zll Leive in all, as high as 30,000 times happens that hogs will not oat it at isappear The first year’s growth from 
burned The seed will take root with the pounds! It is brought froml distance of fimtl I then shut them m a pen, and Bve the seed dots not produce seed, m the au- 
first shower, and the growth of the grass fifty miles, frequently This is only what them nothing Ae until they eat it I ha« f [be sccota year, having furn^ed 
will tend greatly to smother down the is Lught for carding. A large quantity never known it to fail. I have cured their stock of se^ Uiey die. If tncy 
„f ?h« biLes. As with thistlea it S ,™qf„K.eqte oibcLse. disnlse^ of.- of the disease of several months standing, m cultivated land, they may spnng up the 
Cavuga, 
at Auburn, 
Sept. 24, 25. 
Clinton, 
Keeseville, 
do. 24,25. 
Columbia, 
Oct. 1,2. 
Erie, 
Sept. 18. 19. 
Essex, 
do. 24, 25. 
Genesee, 
Batavia, 
Oct. 3,4. 
Greene, 
Sept. 24, 25. 
Livingston, 
Geneseo, 
do. 24, 25. 
Monroe, 
Rochester, 
do. 25, 26, 27. 
Madison, 
Cazenovia, 
do. 26, 27. 
Oneida. 
Rome, 
do. 18, 19. 
Orleans, 
Albion, 
do. 26,27. 
Oswego, . 
do. 25,26. 
Otsego, 
do. 24, 25. 
Ontario, 
Canandaigua, Oct. 1, 2. 
Seneca, 
Ovid, 
Sept. 26, 27. 
Saratoga, 
Mechanicsville, do. 17, 18. 
Suffolk, 
do. 24. 
Wayne, 
Clyde, 
do. 18,19. 
Palmyra, 
do. 25,26. 
Washington, 
Argyle, 
do. 18, 19. 
Y ates, 
Oct. 4, 5. 
The following excellent toast was given 
at Worcester on the 4th of July: 
The Farmer —His quiet sleep, his man¬ 
ly step and his glorious appetite, demon¬ 
state that nature’s favorite child is the one 
who clings most closely to his mother. 
sprouts of the bushes. As with thistles, it jg undoubtedly otherwise disposed of.— 
is important that the bushes should be cut JValerloivn Register. 
close to the ground. -^. 
The reclamation of waste lands generally, A horse is not known by his lurniture. 
---- third year from the seed brought to the 
For the year ending in April last nearly surface by the plow or otherwise, as they, 
one hundred and twenty millions of pounds with many other small seeds, do not germ- 
but especially those of a wet and swampy but quaUties; so men are to be esteemed for of beet root sugar were manufactured in mate, or decay, unles ttay are within a.tew 
nature, may be prosecuted with advantaji virtue not wealth. ' France. inches of the surface of the ground. 
