MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
ONTAEIO COUNTY FAIR. 
The Ontario Agricultural Society held 
its last annual Show and Fair in the village 
of Canandaigua, on the 1st and 2nd inst. 
We had intended to be present on the first 
day, in order to furnish our readers a syn¬ 
opsis of such proceedings as could be no¬ 
ted with the aid of eye and ear, but other 
engagements prevented. But, though we 
were deprived of the pleasure anticipated 
in witnessing the exhibition and meeting 
our Ontario friends, our readers will not, 
perhaps, be the losers-•for we are enabled 
to give an account of the Fair, from a bet¬ 
ter source. The Committee on Publica¬ 
tion—Messrs. William S. Warner, J. J- 
Mattison and Charles Jobson — have 
kindly furnished us a full report of the 
proceedings on the occasion. We make 
the following abstract—preserving the lan¬ 
guage of the committee in most cases — 
and regret that our limited space prevents 
us from giving the statement entire, inclu¬ 
ding reports of judges and awards of 
premiums: 
The morning of the first day was as 
beautiful as one could well wish. The sun 
shone brightly, and the air tvas cool and 
bracing, making it just the day for such an 
exhibition. The people came in, in excel¬ 
lent season, and in unparalleled numbers, 
and we are happy to be able to add, that 
the dollars came into the treasury in the 
same way. The exhibition of stock was 
splendid. That- of horned cattle, we are 
assured by competent judges, has never be¬ 
fore been equalled in this county. Indeed, 
a gentleman, whose opinion in such matters 
is law, and who was at the State Fair in 
Albany, says it was quite as good as upon 
that occasion. There were three Ox teams 
of ten yoke each, from Farmington, East 
Bloomfield and Canandaigua, and they 
made a magnificent appearance. Each 
yoke deserved a premium. It was intend¬ 
ed to hitch the whole thirty together and 
then drive them through our streets, but 
the intention for some reason or other was 
abandoned. They should have been at¬ 
tached to a mammoth cart or a gigantic 
stone-boat, and then it would have been a 
triumphal procession, and a far more glori¬ 
ous one than those of Rome; for here the 
triumph would have. been decreed to the 
genius of Agriculture, rather than to that 
of War, to Ceres rather than to Mars, to the 
preservers, rather than .to the destroyers of 
man. Among the cattle were a yoke of 
tw'o year old steers, belonging to Mr. Gates, 
of Hopewell, also 10 yearling steers, the 
property of Mr. B. T. Case, of Bristol, all 
of the same size and color, which were ^^cry 
much .admired. The show of Swine and 
Sheep was good. That of Poultry w'as ex¬ 
ceedingly fine. Prominent amongst the 
latter was the lot raised and owned by Mr. 
E. M. Bradley, of East Bloomfield, wdiich 
included two huge Turkies, arrayed in pure 
white throughout, as though adorned for a 
marriage feast. Mr. Chas. Barker, of Can¬ 
andaigua, also showed a lot of excellent Po¬ 
land Hens. 
' The show of Horses in the afternoon was 
unparalleled in this County, both as regards 
numbers and quality. A fine dappled Nor¬ 
man Stallion, belonging to Mr. D. L. 
Clarke, of Gorham; Mr. Morgan’s (of Vic¬ 
tor) large bay team, and Dr. Carr’s splen¬ 
did span of black Mares, particularly at¬ 
tracted attention. But it is impossible to 
specify all that were worthy of admiration, 
and those that we have noticed • may not 
have equalled those that escaped our 
observation. 
The second day promised at its opening 
to be unpleasant, and kept its promise alto¬ 
gether too w^ell. Still the number of peo¬ 
ple present, and the number of articles pre¬ 
sented, was creditable and encouraging, as 
showing that this occasi^ can and does at¬ 
tract in spite of the weather. 
The exhibition of articles at the Court 
House was large and interesting. We can 
only notice, as adding greatly to the beauty 
and variety of the show', a beautiful worked 
dress by Miss Mary Bemis, a worked Sack 
dress and skirt, by Miss H. C. Cutler, and 
a white crochet bonne t^ by Miss Mary Green- 
leaf, and a pair of splendid Peacock feather 
fans by Miss Phillie A.Monteath, all of Can¬ 
andaigua. Mrs. Mattison presented a vase 
of wax flowers, yery finely and very naturally 
prepared. Mrs. Greig a beautifully arrang¬ 
ed cluster of dahlias, and there was ^in¬ 
numerable quantity of Capes, Hose,'Quilts,' 
&c., very much to be admired, but by whom 
executed we could not learn. Among the 
latter was a white quilt with rosebuds which 
we were assured, “ was quilted very neatly.” 
Messrs. Silsbee, Bulkley & Bennet of Ge¬ 
neva, exhibited a lot of Cabinet Ware, which 
we have never seen surpassed, and Mr. 
Howe the foj-mer principal of our Academy, 
a wheeled Cultivator, pronounced by prac¬ 
tical farmers, far superior to anything of the 
kind heretofore invented. The plowing 
match went oflf finely, as we are told by 
many of those there present. 
At 3 o’clock P. M., the Society was call¬ 
ed to order by its President, Hon. John 
Greig, when Prof. Norton delivered his 
address. As a copy of it will soon be pub¬ 
lished, we deem it unnecessary to notice it 
here, further than to say that it was well 
received, and fully sustained the Professor’s 
great reputation. 
After the delivery of the Address the 
society proceeded to the election of Officers, 
when the following gentlemen were unani¬ 
mously chosen, viz: 
President — Hon. John Gkeig« of Canandaigua. 
Vice Presidents —Elias Cost, of Phelps ; Jo¬ 
seph Fellows, Seneca ; Joel S. Hart, Hope- 
well ; David Pickett, Gorham ; Hiram Ashley, 
Richmond. 
Cor. Secretary —Oliver Phelps, Canandaigua. 
Rec. Sec. —Elisha M. Bradley, E. Bloomfield. 
Trevsidter —Myron H. Clark, Canandaigua. 
TOWN committees. 
Canandaigua —B. F. Gage, John S.' Bates, 
Marvin Beeman, Jas. D. Adams, Jno. B. Cooley. 
Bristol —George Gooding, Joshua Phillips, R. 
A. Andrews, Elisha R. Mather, Norman Hill. 
East Bloomfield —George Rice, Harlow Mun*- 
son, Myron Adams, Calvin Pomeroy, Benjamin 
Gauss, Jr. 
South Bristol —James Parmelee, Simri Collins, 
John Stetson, Allen Brown, IVanklin Crooker. 
Gorham —David Pickett, Ephriam Blodget, Na¬ 
thaniel Smith, Hiram Harkness, Collester Mellen. 
Hopeiccll —Dann Pratt, J. N. Hart, J. Wormley, 
J. II. Benham, J. J. Hannah. 
Phelps —Elias Cost, JohnBement, James Web¬ 
ster, Benj. F. Salisbury, Wm. T. Hotchkiss, G. 
Brockway. 
West Blootnfield —Solon Peck, E. F. Leach, 
D. S. Baker, II. L. Taft, S. Pratt. 
Canadice —Hiram Colgrove, F'rederick West¬ 
brook, Robert Armstrong, Sylvester Austin, Josiah 
Jackmen. i 
Manchester —Abner Barlow Jr., Ezra Pierce, 
Alvin Melvin, Edmund B. Dewey. 
Naples —Jas. L. Monier, Bronson K. Lyon, 
Alanson Watkins, Josiah Porter, Edward McKay. 
Farmington —Russel M. Rush, Joseph C. Hath¬ 
away, Wilrnarth Smith, Perez Hathaway, Wel¬ 
come Herendeen. 
Richmond —Geo. W. Pitts, Melford Hopkins, 
Wm. F. Reed, Z. Barton Stout, Edward Swan. 
Seneca —Geo. Cayward, George Forden, James 
Milieu, Joseph Hutchinson, Paul Mitchel. 
Victor —Wm. C. Dryer, Azariah Bickford, J. 
II. Boughton, Truman Drj'er. Benjamin F. Lusk. 
[Since the preceding was in type, wa 
have received a brief but succinct account 
of the Fair from Mr. J. H. French. Al¬ 
though it came to hand too late for use, Mr. 
F. will please accept our thanks for his fa¬ 
vor tind attention.] 
NIAGARA COUNTY FAIR. 
The Cattle Show and Fair of the Niag¬ 
ara Co. Ag. Society was held in the village 
of Lockport, on Wednesday and Thursday 
tlie 2d and 3d of October. The reports of 
committees, embracing awards of premiums, 
have not yet been published. We have 
seen nothing relative to the F^r, with the 
exception of a brief notice in the Niagara 
Democrat, which states that—“ The inclem¬ 
ent and very bad weather doubtless pre¬ 
vented the Cattle Show from being as large 
and as well attended as it otherwise would 
have been. As it was, there were fine 
specimens of sheep and cattle on the ground. 
The Fair held under the Congregational 
Church the next day, which was a. very 
pleasant one, was a fine exhibition of fruits, 
vegetables, products of the dairy, agricul¬ 
tural implements, and of embroidery, fancy 
needle work,- water colored paintings, and 
pencil drawings by the ladies who contrib¬ 
uted their full share to the interest of the 
occasion. 
The next exhibition is to be held at Lew¬ 
iston—a village that of itself has a sufficient 
number of beautiful and interesting fea¬ 
tures to attract a large attendance, indepen¬ 
dent of the occasion, which will call distant 
residents there.” 
CURE FOR GLANDERS. 
In answer to one of your subscribers, in¬ 
quiring what will cure “Nasal Gleet,” or dis¬ 
charge from the nose of horses, I would say 
that I have cured many with the following 
simple compound, and two cases that were 
called glanders confirmed, viz:—-Take one 
teaspoonful of common rosin, one table¬ 
spoonful of copperas, two tablespoonfuls of 
salt, and foYir spoonfuls of dry ashes; pul¬ 
verize the rosin and copperas, and mix the 
whole, and give it in bran or shorts, or oats, 
dry, and in four weeks’ time, by giving the 
same quantity twice a week, I cured the 
two cases of glanders. 1 have used the 
same in cases of catarrh, and three or four 
doses have performed a cure. I have also 
used it for horse distemper with success. 
— Dollar Newspaper. o. w. 
THE PLOW-BOY’S ADDRESS TO 
HIS COMPANIONS. 
Young Men, you are engaged in a good 
employment, the oldest and most necessary 
of man—an employment 
“ That calls the harvest forth 
And feeds expectant nations—” 
one that will, if you exert yourselves to the 
utmost in trying to have it honored, make 
your country glorious in the true strength 
of a nation—its virtues, intelligence, and en¬ 
terprise. It behooves you, then, to take a 
course that will be most likely to advance 
so great and good an employment, and one 
that so much interests you and your welfare. 
You may ask how is this to be accom¬ 
plished ? In answer I ivould say: educate 
youselves, not with the intention of taking 
up some profession, but to carry on your 
business scientifically. Perhaps there are 
some of you that think your opportunities 
for obtaining an education rather limited, 
(owing perhaps to the unwillingness of your 
parents to send you to school.) To such I 
would say, despair not, but improve every 
idle moment in gaining knowledge. Win¬ 
ter evenings, those delightful periods of 
time, are very convenient for mental im¬ 
provement. The body may be weary and 
the limbs tired, but the mind is still vigor¬ 
ous, and feels nothing of fatigue or exhaust¬ 
ion. Apply it then, every evening, to a 
settled pursuit—to some practical study.— 
Let not idle pretences, or frivolous amuse¬ 
ments, deduct from what will ensure you 
an honorable position in society. 
To those of you that are more favored; 
do not let the dazzling appearances that the 
merchant, doctor or lawyer carries about 
induce you to leave an employment so free 
from temptations, from anxiety and sudden 
pecuniary disasters. They carry about 
them the appearance of competence, if not 
of wealth, when they are not able to pay 
their debts; while the farmer, worth thou¬ 
sands, when attending to his business might 
be easily taken in his plain garb for a poor 
man. 
These truths are too well known for me 
to dwell longer upon. I wished only to im¬ 
press them more deeply upon your minds. 
Some of y'ou may think yourselves compe¬ 
tent to till the soil. Beware how you cher¬ 
ish the thought, for so long as you neglect 
to get ^nowledge your arm of prosperity 
will be shattered. If you wouldrtlien, re¬ 
alize the high hopes I entertain for you and 
your posterity—if you would impel your¬ 
selves onward to the glorious destiny noth¬ 
in your reach—if you would shine as bright 
stars and as a guide to others to a haven of 
improvement, prosperity, and independence 
—get an education, and be a Farmer. 
G. w. M. 
FALL MANAGEMENT OF BEES. 
The months of October and November 
are the season when the state of the apiary 
will require particular attention. The hives 
should be examined, and those not contain¬ 
ing honey enough for its occupants to sus¬ 
tain them during the winter must be fed.— 
An ordinary swarm of family bees will con¬ 
sume from fifteen to twenty pounds of hon¬ 
ey, from October to May. If the winter be 
very mild, more than this quantity will be 
required; but not in an ordinary season.— 
The apiarian should be able, from practice, 
to know at once, on raising his hives, wheth¬ 
er the above quantity exists in them, or not. 
Hives that have been occupied several 
years, will be as heavy without honey as 
those that have been used but one season, 
wfith from five to ten pounds; therefore an 
allowance must be made for the weight of 
old combs and bee-bread.— Miner. 
Premiums on Entire Flocks of Sheep. 
—We suggest for the. consideration of the 
State Society the propriety of offering a 
large premium for the most profitable flock 
of sheep, consisting of not less than one 
hundred. The profit to be made up of the 
aggregate sale of the wool and lambs, after 
fully replacing from the latter the loss by 
deterioration or death. The quantity of 
green food or pasturage should be estima¬ 
ted as nearly as possible, and all such as is 
capable of weighing or measurement, sho’d 
be accurately ascertained. The expense of 
time and attention, as well as the annual 
rent of sheds, &c., should be made an item 
in the calculation; and from the whole, the 
result is to be "deduced. This, it seems to 
us, would enable many flock masters to de¬ 
cide the question. Which is the most val¬ 
uable breed of sheep?— Amer. Ag. 
Substitute for Soap. — A late P’rench 
author recommends potatoes, three-fourths 
.boiled, as a substitue for soap in washing 
hands. The use of this prevents.chapping 
in cold weather, and retains the skin soft 
and healthy. 
HARVESTING AND STORING ROOT CROPS. 
Carrots, sugar beets and mangold wurt- 
zels should be well secured before the oc¬ 
currence of heavy frosts. Tliey should be 
perfectly matured before they are pulled, 
which may be known by the yellowish col¬ 
or of some of their leaves. If allowed to 
remain unharvested beyond that time, a 
new elaboration of the juices takes place, 
and much of the saccharine principle, which 
is the fattening one, is destroyed. 
Turnips and parsneps may be left in the 
ground until there is danger of freezing, 
and the latter, if not wanted for winter use, 
are all the better Jbr remaining unpulled 
until spring. In this case, all the water 
must be carefully led away from the beds, 
otherwise, they might rot. 
Potatoes, for winter keeping, should nev¬ 
er be dug before they are ripe, which may 
generally be known by the decaying of the 
vines. 
All kinds.of culinary roots, after digging, 
should be protected from the sun by throw¬ 
ing over them some leaves or straw, and as 
soon as the dirt attached to them becomes 
dry, let them be carried at once to the cel¬ 
lar or pit, where they are to bo stored.— 
They should be kept from the air by put¬ 
ting them in barrels or bins, loosely covered 
with straw; and it would be still better for 
them to sift in between the mterstices some 
fine, dry sand, or powered air-slacked lime. 
Such as are stored in tlie fields may be put 
in pits, where the ground is sandy and dry; 
or they may be piled up in conical or long- 
heaps above the surface, at any height re- 
I quired. A coating of straw should first be 
' laid over them, in the manner of thatcliing 
the roofs of buildings, in order to shed off 
the rain. In parts of the country subject 
to heavy frosts or snows, the heaps should 
be covered with a layer of earth sufficient¬ 
ly thick to prevent the roots from freezing; 
but care must be observed not to expose 
them, if possible, to a temperature above 
38° or 40° F., as they then would be lia¬ 
ble to heat, grow corky, and probably rot. 
The earthy covering for winter need not 
generally be completed until quite late in 
the season; as, by leaving the straw par- 
partially bare, the escape of moisture and 
heat from the. roots will thereby be facilita¬ 
ted, which is all-important, immediately af¬ 
ter they are thus stored. When finally 
covered over for the winter, a hole should 
be left at the top of the heap, or several, if 
the pile be long, in each of w-hich a wisp of 
straw should be placed, for the escape of 
moisture and gas. If the ground be stiff’ 
and claj'^ey, the heap should be surrounded 
by a ditch, at least a foot deep, so as to 
carry off all water that might accumulate 
from rain or melting snow; otherwise the 
lowermost portions of the heap^ would be¬ 
come wet and spoil.— Amer. Ag. 
A CU RIOUS FACT. 
The relation of the study of plants with 
agriculture will be well understood by the 
following extract from Professor Johnston’s 
lectures:— 
“ It is a fact familiarly known to all of 
you, in addition to those circumstances by 
Avhich we can perceive the special functions 
of any one organ to be modified, there are 
many by which the entire economy of the 
plant is materially and simultaneously af¬ 
fected. On this fact the practice of agri¬ 
culture is founded, and the various process¬ 
es adopted by the practical farmer are only 
so many modes by which he hopes to inr 
fluence and promote the growth of the, 
whole plant, and the discharge of the func¬ 
tions of all its parts. Though the manures 
in the soil act immediately through the roots, 
they stimulate the growth of the entire 
plant; and though the application of a top¬ 
dressing to a • crop of young corn or grass 
may be supposed first to affect the leafi yet 
the beneficial result of the experiment de¬ 
pends upon the influence which the appli¬ 
cation may exercis’e on any part of the veg¬ 
etable tissue.” 
In connection with this part of* the sub¬ 
ject, he adds: “ I shall only further advert 
to a very remarkable fact mentioned by 
Sprengle, which seems, if correct, to be sus¬ 
ceptible of important practical applications, 
lie states that it has frequently been ob¬ 
served in Plolstein^ that if, on an extent of 
level ground sown with corn, some fields 
be marled, and others left unmarled, the 
corn on the latter portions will grow less 
luxuriantly, and will yield a poorer crop 
than if the whole had been unmarled.— 
Hence,” he adds, “ if the occupier of the 
unmarled field would not have a succession 
of poor crops, he must marl his land also. 
Can it really be that the Deity thus rewards 
the diligent and improver ? Do the plants 
which grow, in a soil in higher condition, 
take from the air more than their due share 
of the carbonic acid, or other vegetable 
food it may contain, and leave to the ten¬ 
ants of the poorer soil a less proportion than 
they might otherwise draw from it ? How 
many interesting reflections does such a 
fact as this suggest! What new views does 
it disclose of the fostering care of the great 
Contriver—of his kind encouragement of 
every species of yirtuous labor! Can it 
fail to read us a new and special lesson on 
the benefits to be derived from the appli¬ 
cation of skill and knowledge to the cultiva¬ 
tion of the soil ? ” 
HURDLING SHEEP.. 
This practice so frequently met with, and 
of which an almost general and highly ben¬ 
eficial use is made of in European hus¬ 
bandry, appears to be but-slightly known 
among our own farmers. In England it is 
mostly applied for the amelioration of poor 
and light soils, by turning the sheep on 
small patches of turnips, surrounded by an 
enclosure of hurdles, and when that food 
is consumed and converted into manure, 
the hurdles are removed and the field is 
gradually passed over. In other countries 
of Europe, particularly in Germany, sheep 
are hurdled in the fall, on plowed fallows, 
ready for the reception of winter seed, as 
rye, wheat, or rape, etc. There is hardly 
any other manure whose cfffects would be 
so soon visible on the crops applied to than 
sheep dung. The excrements of sheep are 
very soncentrated, containing but little of 
watery elements; their component parts 
are readily and easily mssolved for the pur¬ 
poses of vegetable nutrition. They con¬ 
tain ammonia, one of the most effective 
fertilizers, to a large extent, within their 
urine matter, and it is for tliese reasons that 
they -work so wonderfully on rich, heavy 
soils, which contain a large amount of dis¬ 
soluble humus. The practice of hurdling- 
sheep may be particularly recommended to 
farmers with large landed estates, in the 
western and .southern sections of our coun¬ 
try. Fields at a great distance, from the 
farm yard, are in ' this manner manured 
cheaper and easier than by being obliged 
to carry heavy loads of dung to those dis¬ 
tant spots, especially in the fail and spring, 
when the state of the weather renders the 
roads in such countries often almost impas¬ 
sable. 
We were led to these remarks by wit¬ 
nessing the first instance of hurdling sheep 
we have had occasion to observe in this re¬ 
gion of the country, on t.*e German agri¬ 
cultural colony of Ebenezer, but a few miles 
distant from Buffalo. They apply the hurd¬ 
ling dung to their newly sowed in wheat 
patches; and, we have no doubt, owe a 
great deal of their highly successful wheat 
growing to that useful practice. A shep¬ 
herd’s cart on two wheels is attached to the 
hurdles, to secure the shepherd against the 
inclemency of the weather, and procuring 
for him a resting place over the night, be- 
besides placing the flock under his strict 
observance. Will not our farmers profit by 
this example? We think it ought to be 
imitated. It will certainly pay the trouble 
by a great benefit reaped therefrom. — 
Wool Grower. 
Ancient Price of Labor. —In the year 
1352, Edward III., wages paid to hayma- 
• kers were Id. a day. A mower of mea¬ 
dows, Sd. a day, or 5d. an acre. Reapers 
of corn in the first week of August, 2d.; in 
the second, 3d. a day, and so on till the end 
of August, without meat, drink, or other al¬ 
lowance, finding their own tools. For 
threshing a quarter of wheat or rye, 2-^d.; 
a quarter of barley, beaus, peas, and oats, 
1-^d. A master carpenter, 3d a day, other 
carpenters 2d. A master mason, 4d. a 
day, other masons, 3d., and their servants 
1-^d. a day. Tilers, 3d., and their “knaves,” 
l-|d. Thatchers, 3d. a day, and their knaves, 
l| d. Plasterers, and other workers of mud 
walls, and their knaves, in like manner, 
without meat or drink, and this from Easter 
to Michaelmas; and from that time less, ac¬ 
cording to the direction of the justices. 
Monroe Co. Fair. —The following re¬ 
port should have been published with other 
proceedings of our Fair: 
4 blooded stock. 
Bot 2 year old Bull, Devon, Win. R. Poo'h, 
Gates, diploma and $3. 
2d do. do. E. B. Holmes, Sweden, $2. 
3d do. do. Geo. Shaffer, Wheatland $1 & tran?. 
Best Milch Cow, (no competition) Geo. Shaffer, 
2d premium of $2 and tran... 
A fine Durham Cow was presented by Mr. 
Slierwood, but not being in milk the committee 
did not consider her eiitited to a premium under 
milch cows. ' 
Best heifer calf, (no competition) Wm R. 
Booth, Gates, 2d premium, vol. trans. 
Wm. Otis, Ch’n. 
A Snake Story. —‘The Springfield 
(Mass.) Republican of a recent date, says: 
Dr. Hosford, one of our residents, while 
engaged in a hunting excursion on Mt. Tom 
on Tuesday, killed the largest black snake 
ever seen in this region. The- snake was 
lying under a wood pile, with his head out 
some eighteen inches. Dr. H. struck him 
a break-neck blow, and then commenced 
drawing him out. After pulling out about 
five feet of the monster whose body seem¬ 
ed to increase in size to tliat point, he got 
“ astonished,” and dropped him to take a 
look! Spitting on his hands he grappled 
him again and pulled out the rest of him. 
The snake measured seven feet in length 
which we can sw-ear to, as w’e have seen 
the skin. On taking off’ the skin, and open¬ 
ing the body, he was found to contain sev¬ 
en full grown red squirrels. 
Idleness is the parent of legions of in¬ 
iquities; ergo, shun idleness as you would 
the devil. 
If you do not hear reason, she will sure-i 
ly rap you on the knuckles. 
