I 
dbrtjjarb anb darbni. 
A FEW HINTS FOR NOVEMBER. 
Under the above heading, neighbor Bar- 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL 
le up principally of a species of gum, I ^ FOUNTAIN PEN. 
also of sugar and vegetable extract, ^ - 
made up principally of a species of gum, 
and also of sugar and vegetable extract, 
malic acid, albumen, &c., all of which the 
doctor has laid down in tables with their sev¬ 
eral proportions. 
What is the practical use of this analysis ? 
RY of the Mt. Hope Garden and Nurseries, you will say. Why, a guide to the best 
talks thus seasonably and sensibly in the kinds of manures for your orchard. Sup- 
Fmmer for tire curront monthUxw'th such manures as will afford the 
„ , 1 X 1 1 11 Ura materials found m apples, viz.;—For phos- 
transplanted recently phoric acid, bones, in the form of burnt 
carefully steked It hkely from sire or ^ bones, or bone dust; sulphuric acid and 
ure, to be blown around by the winds; and •.i/. y x 
all hould be carefully mulched Common ‘™'’’°t P'o^tor °f i P0‘- 
1 Dixuu vx ut. vaivitx j „ , . ash, in the form of ashes, and such like 
roug manure rom e arn y r , s as gy knowing what are 
goo^ as any mg. t a mg n ng t^e principal materials of the apple, we can 
are the ureat preservatives of newly planted • , ^ , xf i x-x • r j-x 
X -xt • X n-i judge better what it requires for food itself, 
trees, either in summer or autumn. Frees • ° i . ■ xi ^ x x 
1 / j 1 x • 111 , xi m order to give us the greater return.— 
planted last spring even, would be greatly b 
^ benefitted by mulching, and especially where 
/ they have not grown freely, and taken deep 
; root in the ground. Soft-wooded trees, 
OH OF POPPY SEEDS. 
111 Min^j ^ivuiiu. kjuit"w-pv t ■\r /“i • i • i*j • i 
such as the Pawlonia, some Magnolias, (kc., m a' ^ 
which, though perfec ly hardy after one or raspondence to the Boston Medical and Sur- 
P ^ • . d’lcalJournal. in a recent letter written from 
two seasons’ growth, are likely to be winter- 
a slight protection the first winter. 
Raspberries, to ensure a certoin crop tkggg jg poppies. Thousands of acres are 
next season, should be protected. Iheprac- this moment ready for harvest-which 
bee of the great market-growers near New traveler takes for granted, as he hur- 
York is to lay down the canes and cover j.ies by, are to be manufactured into opium, 
very lightly with earth. Straw or boughs They are not, however, intended for medi- 
of trees will answer; but there is a standing ^ 
objection to all such things, and that is, they pm-pogg^ From the poppy-seed a beautiful 
attract vermin. _i_i 
and then be placed on dry shelves or be THE EFFICACY OF A TEA 
put away in sand, where they will not freeze. , T-r ■ 
/ With this precaution, the roots are as easily Bremer’s “ Life in Dalecarila,” 
. wintered as potatoes. following touching illustration 
\ Field Mice are often very destructive to ^ » 
orchard x>nd garden trcca.^ One of 11,c ,‘P 
Tnlu! ,urr from another p.ariah, and said ton 
ly all brush and rubbish that may have ac- g,.„ ^ few tons of straw." 
, cumulated during summer, remove all grass, rni „ x- xv 
,0 xi xxi • • ixu ° 1 i he man was one ot those greal 
; weeds, &c., that the lu.ee might burrow and p seldom sc 
work under during winter. , b r cvhlentlv s„m„ 
ANALYSIS OF THE APPLE. 
Although apples have been eaten ever 
In the dreadful year of famine here, 
1838, there came to me one day a Dalman 
from another parish, and said to me: 
“ Sell me a few tons of straw.” 
The man was one of those great stalwart 
figure.s, which you can seldom see, except 
here; yet he had evidently suffered from 
want of food. He had drawn his hat with 
its best broad brim deep over his face. 
“I cannot sell the straw,” said I at his 
since the days of Adam, we believe the entreaty, “ I have not more than I shall 
chemical composition of them has not, until need for myself, and the poor of my own 
recently, been determined by actual analy- pnnsh.” 
sis. “ Sell me but one ton,” implored he. 
This analysis has been made by J. II. “Not even that can I,” I replied; that 
Salisbury, M. D., Avho has communicated which I have left I must carefully preserve 
the results to tlie secretary of the New myself and my people.” 
York State Agricultural Society, and they 
have been published in the Transactions. 
The varieties analyzed were the Talman 
“Half a ton, then,” persisted the Dal¬ 
man, prcssingly. 
“ It grieves me,” I said, “ but not a sin- 
Sweeting, Hoxbury liusset, Kilham Hill, ^inlf ton can I spare thee. 
English Russet, and Rhode Island Greenin.fr. The huge fellow took a ster 
step nearer to me. 
In the ashes of the Roxbury Russet and word, but lifted his hat above his 
Rhode Island Greening he found the fol¬ 
lowing mineral substances:— 
Russett. 
Greening. 
Carbonic acid,. 
... ILll 
18.03 
.Silica, (flint,). 
... 2.278 
1.412 
Phos. of iron,. 
... 1.084 
1.277 
Phos. acid,.. 
... 15.0.07 
11.664 
Ixiino,. 
... 4.857 
4.421 
Magnesia, .. 
... 1.903 
2.211 
I’otash,. 
... .34.958 
38.440 
Soda,. . 
... 25.173 
22.781 
Clilorine,. 
... 2.300 
2.272 
.Suljihuric acid,. 
... C.889 
8.019 
Organic matter,. 
... 5.021 
7.503 
100.000 
100.000 
brow and gazed fixxedly upon me; he let me 
see that he wcpl. 
The sight of this anguish I could not sus¬ 
tain. “ Gome with me,” said I, “thou shalt 
have what thou wilt.” 
He followed me, and got the straw that 
he wanted. 
“ If this were for myself,” said he, “ I 
should not probably have been here; for, if 
we men suffer and endure want, it is no 
more than our sins deserve, and we can 
and ought to bear; but the poor animals— 
what can they have done amiss ?” 
CHICKEN POT-PIE. 
Cut up, and par-boil a pair of large fowls, 
seasoning them with pepper, salt, and nut- 
Dr. Salisbury observe.s, that in silica the - --— 
apple is by no means rich, containing in CHICKEN POT-PIE. 
the varieties examined, from about 1 to 2.3 Cut up, and par-boil a pair of large fowls, 
per cent. seasoning them with pepper, salt, and nut- 
The phosphate of iron ranges from about meg. You may add some small slices of 
I to 2.2 per cent.; the phosphoric acid from cold ham; in which case add no salt, as the 
II to 15 per cent; the lime from about 3 ham will make it salt enough. Or you may 
to 5 per cent.; the magnesia from ^about put in some pieces of the lean of fresh pork. 
1 to 2.2 per cent.; the potash from about You may procure a suet paste; but for a 
35 to 42 per cent.; the soda from 19.3 to chicken pot-pie it is best to make the paste 
30.4 percent.; the chlorine from 1,85 to of butter, which should be fresh and of the 
—— ■ r— —:■ This new and useful article, just intro- 
LIST OF PATENTS duced by Mr. D. M. Dewey, of the Arcade 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Arx, „ T) J T -x T\ . i • 
a, .niins OCoi^ 29, 1850. Dcpot-who IS 
To Bartholomew Bemowski, of London, Eng- 
joint proprietor with Messrs. Codding and 
RayxMond— is destined to become an impe- 
To C.S.Bulkl.y, of Macon, G.., for improve- important auxiliary to tile 
ment in electro magnetic enumerators for signals ^Gsks of all business, and literary men. 
in Hotels, &c. It is so constructed as to safely contain 
To L. G. Goshen, of Shirleysburgh, Pa., for i^k enough for the ordinary business uses 
To Nathan Haskins, of Hillsborough, Co., N. paper, or to fill a dozen or more 
H., for improvement in car couplings. sheets of close manuscript. It holds with- 
To Richard Montgomery, of New York, N. Y.,x blotting, some three or four times as 
for improvement in corrugated boilers. much jnk as the ordinary pen, by capillary 
ical Journal, in a recent letter written from 
Switzerland, .speaking of the agricultural 
To John Morrison, of McxArthurstown. Ohio, or local attraction of surfaces, and when 
for improvement iif bedstead fastenings. 
To Dan Pease, of Troy, N. Y., for improve-. dipping in the ink-stand in 
ment in rotary grain screens. the usual way, is a decided convenience. 
To Bennett Potter, Jr., of Templeton, Mass., mu„ i r xi u i 
for improvement in machinery for pressing hats. I he blade ot the pen can be removed, or 
killed, if quite exposed, should have a thin .cnauu .■,pcaaHig uiy agncuuurm 
sheathingAt straw for the 6rst winter; and “'■"‘'7- 
that, even if planted last spring. This re- ' F ' • i u e 
mark applies to both deciduo™ and ever- , ”‘'- 
green trees. Hare evergreens, even the '='«! ’''“'*1' f American farmers, 
perfectly hardy ones, should invariably have “"4 k'nds best fitted to par- 
^ V t r. , • , ticular localities, where urain and notatoes 
ticular localities, where grain and potatoes 
yield poorly under the best efforts. One of 
AVA AAi A A A U V i A111^ 1 J 1 VA liaiQ. * 
To Nathan Starks, of Albany, N. Y., for im- changed at pleasure, and the whole arrange- 
whS? making wrought iron ment is SO constructed, that it can be taken 
To J. P. Sleeper, of Worcester, Mass., for im- cleaned without trouble. Its 
provement in reed musical instruments. whole construction is simple and durable. 
To T. J. Sloan, of New York, N. Y., for im- and its action depending upon such unerring 
provements in machines for nicking the heads of , , • , • . , • ° 
wood screws. philosophical principles, that, with a little 
To H. N. Swift, of Boonton, N, J., for improve- experience in the details of its arrangements, 
ments in spike machines. -x x r m r u • . 
‘ it cannot tail ot becoming the important ar- 
DESIGNS. • 1 • u T ° ^ 
Tn r.niinn F-xUiv ToivToox. ticlc in that linc. 
c i rm n. . , , , oil is made, which is extensively employed 
klrawherry te* and particularly those („ house-painting. It is almost as colorless 
recently planted, should he protected to as water, and polcsses so many advantages 
prevent being drawn out as they certainly nax-sced oil, that it may ultimately 
will be if left exposed unless the ground bo „rscde that article. Where flax cannot 
covered with snow all lynter, which cannot he grown, poppies often can be, even in 
bo expected, m many places. ‘^,1, ‘ ^hiseed is annually grow- 
Half hardy plants, such as monthly ro- ing dearer, and the demand for paint-oil is 
ses, carnations, &c., may be wintered well increa.sing. With white lead, poppy-oil 
by planting them compactly in a bed, and leaves a beautiful surface, which does not 
enclosing them with a frame like that for a afterwards change, by the action of light, 
hot-bed, and covering it with boards. These into a dirty yellow. In short, this oil is des¬ 
can be removed at mild intervals during tined to bring about a revolution in domes- 
winter, and air be given to prevent mould, tic economy. Another season, some one 
should milke a beginning at home in this 
Dahlia roots are frequently lost by being important branch of industry. 'I'he oil may 
put away in a cellar, green and wet. The be used for other purposes, and even put in 
roots should be well dried in the sun, until the cruet for s.alads.” 
there is no apparent mioisture about them, ■ - - i — :; ,. -r-- - - . . 
and then be placed on dry shelves or be THE EFFICACY OF A TEAR- 
To H. N. Swiff, of Boonton, N. J., for improve- experience in the details of its arrangements, 
• ments in spike machines. -x x /• m r u • n • x . 
'■ it cannot tail ot becoming the important ar- 
DESIGN8. • I • l, r ° ^ 
To Laban Eddy, of Taunton, Mass., for design 
n II 1 r ivr v i ivr v x- i The following description of its 
lo Wm. Ballard, of New York, N. Y., for de- _* -xu i 
sign for iron railings. construction, with reference to 
_ _ Wfc i j K the accompanying engraving, will 
CROSSETT’S STAVE MACHINE. gRe a general understanding of 
- - its mechanism, and the manner 
This machine, a figure and description of B fi operation: 
which we gave in the 12th number of the B IS body of the article is 
New-Y'okker, seems to be gaining popu- B ^ hollow, six-sided cylinder, into 
larity. It was presented at the late State BcrfB fitted an clastic packed 
TV • 1 11 • A lu 1 /-r ■ xx- 1 Eir'Si piston, winch works on a screw 
1 airs, hnid m Albany and Cmeiimatli, and ^ revolving head 
the exhibitor and manufacturer, Mr. Isaac at the upper end. From the 
Doolittle of this city, was awarded a pre- lower end descends a small tube, 
mium on each occasion—a Diploma and having a curved point resting 
Silver Medal from the Ohio State Society. 
The machine was also noticed as follows in 1® T’ -“.T’ 
the Ohio Statesman, by W. B. Ldmundson, applied to the revolving head at 
Esq, who reported the proceedings of the |||| the upper end, which, by turning, 
Cincinnati Fair for that journal: raises or lowers the piston, injec- 
“ Crossett’s Stave Machine, built by Isaac ejecting the ink according 
Doolittle, of Rochester, N. Y., is propably |fc| J*" direcUon in which it is 
the most .simple, efficient and durable ma- i , 
chine that has yet been invented for the ^ chamber, it^ is 
wholesale manufacture of staves. The op- pnly necessary to dip the point 
erator will find no difficulty whatever in cut- BIk > ^ proper consistence 
ting or manufacturing from 15,000 to 18,- B and turn the head backward; 
000 staves per day of a quality which will which, by exhaustion, creates a 
command as ready a sale and high a price, Hn vacuum, and the pressure of the 
as any flour barrel staves useci ia tiie best atmosphere causes it to rise and 
cooperage shops in tlie country. The stave Jfc 'fl ” chamber, 
timber to be operated on is first steamed; Iri new constructed machine- 
it is then laid upon a platform which has a «!■ ry, there is no reasoning or fore- 
vibratory motion. The knife is stationary sight that can compensate for 
and stands in a horizontal position; and as W experience, and ive believe the 
the platform or bed vibrate-s, it forces the T makers (the inventor having al- 
timber against the knife, and thus severs the ready spent nearly a year in perfecting this 
stave from the block, and throws it over a \ „ xi „ iL • xi. x- i , 
concave gauge. Each of those vibrations '“S' bnng the article fully be- 
make a stave and the machine is geared to public, will have it perfect in all its 
make sixty per minute. It is used mainly ‘'is it is simple in its construction 
for manufactuing staves for flour barrels or we see no reason why it should not be per- 
other dry casks; the weight being VOO lbs. fectly made, 
and costing only 25 each. This machine, m, ' -ii u i x i, 
it is thought, has been brought to perfection, ^ shown to all applicants 
being constructed entirely of iron, whereas it Rooms, No. 4 Arcade Hall, 
formerly Avas made principally of wood, Rochester, N. Y., where it will be for sale. 
causing it frequently to get out of repair, ___ 
which in o^Goy cases made it unpopular.— of a Suspension Bridge.— A sus- 
ihis difhculty has been removed tor more pension bridge built on Dredge’s principle 
than a yanx, and it now only has to be seen across the river Leven, at Balloch, Scotland, 
by a practical eye, to inspire the strongest recently fell while a flock of sheep were be- 
conlidcnco m its favor.” gi„ning to pass over it. On examination 
__ it 'vas found that the cause of failure was 
confidence in its favor. ginning to pass over it. On examination 
. it was found that the cause of failure was 
NEW AND CHE^AS APPARATUS. ^o the previous breakage of a small 
A CORRESPONDENT of tlic Londou Build- i*^ diameter. One 
er has the following paragraph concerning thing singular about it was the dropping of 
X. __1_r.-- _1 ._i ii- ODD hfl.lf of tVlG liridnrG nnrl tVint nnf .-.w/u 
a gas apparatus for private dwellings. We 
one half of the bridge, and that, not the one 
the sheep were on, but the opposite half. 
2.33 per cent; and sulphuric acid from G.G5 
so 8.02 per cent. 
It will be seen, therefore, that the per- 
best quality. Allow to each quart of flour, 
a .small half pound of butter. There should 
be enough for a great deal of paste. Line 
centage of ashes in the apple is small: 1000 the sides of the pot two-thirds up, with 
pounds of fresh apple contain about 827 
Put in the chickens, with the 
'> pounds of water, 170.4 pounds of organic liquor in which they were par-boiled. You 
matter destroyed by heat, and 2.G pounds may add some sliced potatoes. Intersperse 
^ of inorgfinic matter or ashes. the pieces of chicken with layers of paste 
1000 pounds of dry apple contain be- in square slices. Then cover the Avhole 
) tween 17 and 18 pounds of water. with a lid of paste, not fitting very closely. 
100 pounds of the a.she8, according to Make a slit in the top, and boil the pie about 
^ this analy.sis, deprived of the carbonic acid three-quarters of an hour or more. 
^ which is formed when burning, contain 13 This pie will be greatly improved by ad- 
\ pounds of phosphoric acid, 7 pounds sul- ding some clams to the chickens while par- 
\ phuric acid, 38 pounds of potash, and 25 boiling, omitting salt in the seasoning, as the 
pounds of soda. • clams will salt it quite enough. —jlfm Les- 
/ The organic materials in the apple are lie's Recipe Boole. 
have no doubt that before many years some sheep were on, but the opposite half, 
means ivill be discovered of supplying this show that, from the abutment, 
most necessary article with much greater weight on the bridge acta throughout 
convenience and at much less expense than whole length of the bridge upon the 
at present: the lever, and not from the 
“ I have an apparatus for lighting my OAvn ^ 
premises constructed on a very small scale, --- 
consisting of a furnace, retort vessel for pu- Lmproved Lathe Chuck. —Mr. Thomas 
rifying, and gasometer, the whole only oc- Harding, of Rochester, N. Y, has taken 
cupying a space of five feet square. The measures to secure a patent for an improve- 
material used for making gas is the refuse ment in concentric chucks, whtch is a very 
of the kitchen—such as grease or fat of any simple and good one, ive believe. There 
description, it matters not how dirty, as the are four setting screws, on which the jaws 
whole is burnt oft in the retort; it produced are secured in the usual way, but there is a 
a brilliant Avhitc light far surpassing any gas bevel pinion on each screw pin, which works 
made from,coal. I have constantly had it into a bevel geared ring inside, so that by 
in use for eighteen month.s, and no bad re- turning any one screw the whole of the jaivs 
suits had occurred, although it is in a thick- move in unison to, or from the centre.— 
ly populated neighborhood. The apparatus Scientific American. 
is not at all expensive; it consists of only--- 
three vessels, and can be adapted to any California Mode of Constructing 
nuinber of burners. Sufficient gas can be Dams. —The Californians now make their 
made in an hour to supply one burner for dams for turning the course of rivers, on a 
a sitting room for twelve hours, at a cost of plan which the French engineers, who have 
about threepence halfpenny.” emigrated there, have taught them. They 
„ fill hags made of drillings, about one yard 
HE copper mines near Litchfield, Conn., square, with sand. This makes a good dam 
are being worked with increasing success, a tenth part of the expense and time 
riio ore extracted yields a large percentage of digging a race. It Avill probably make 
o pure copper, and no doubt nmv remains, an increased and continued demand upon 
penetrate deeper into drills, and thus help the manufacturers of 
t le Doweta of the mountain, the ore will be this article which has been so long selling 
found to be of a richer and better quality, below cost— Exchange, 
MmwWt (ifonoraq. 
TO MAKE GOOD COLOGNE WATER, 
Mr. Moore : —At the request of numer¬ 
ous persons I send you a recipe for prepar¬ 
ing Cologne water, which has proved a su¬ 
perior article—equal to imported, and much 
better than the common Cologne of the shops. 
It is as follows: 
5 drachms oil of lemon. 
5 “ “ burgamot. 
3 “ “ lavender. 
3 “ “ rosemary. 
10 drops oil of cloves. 
10 “ “ cinnamon. 
2 grains “ musk. 
1 quart best alcohol. w. 
COMFORT AND COOKERY- 
We have often asked why simple cookery 
is not made a part of the education of the 
girls brought up in the various schools.— 
We know how easily sailors and soldiers 
learn cookery, when obliged to take their 
turn at cooking; and the girls in the schools 
might be employed in turn in the kitchen 
of their parents, masters, and mistre.sses, or 
their patrons and. patronesses. 
The services that might be rendered to 
this class of society, in respect to comfort, 
temper, health and economy, by a more 
general and competent skill in cookery, is 
hardly to be estimated. Little have the 
, rich, an idea of the vexation, the ill-humor, 
the bad digestion, and waste, that some of 
those cooks proverbially sent upon this earth 
by the enemy of mankind, as an offset to 
heaven’s bounty in furnishing good food.— 
What is commonly self-called a plain cook, 
(plain in the sense in which the term is ap¬ 
plied to a woman,) is a cook ivho spoils food 
for low Avages. She is a cook, not because 
she knows anything about cookery, but be¬ 
cause she prefers the kitchen fire, to scrub¬ 
bing floors, polishing grates, or making beds. 
A cook Avho can boil a potato and dress a 
mutton chop is one in a thousand. 
If Ave could sec by the help of an Asmo- 
deus Avhat is going on at the dinner hour, 
of the humbler of the middle class, Avhat a 
spectacle of discomfort, ill-temper, and con¬ 
sequent ill-conduct it Avoiild be! The man 
quarrels Avith his Avife because there is noth¬ 
ing he can eat, and he often makes up in 
drink for the deficiencies in the article of 
food. Liquor is the consolation to the spir¬ 
its, and the resource to the balked appetite. 
There is thus not only the direct Avaste of 
food and detriment to the health, but the 
further consequent Avaste of the use of spir¬ 
its, with its injury to the habits and the 
health. On the other hand, people who 
eat well,'and drink moderately, have the 
satisfaction of appetite Avith relish, dispen¬ 
sing Avith the use of stimulants. Good hu¬ 
mor, too, and good health folloAv a good 
meal, avc mean anything however simple, 
well dressed in its way. A rich man may 
live very expensively and very ill, and a 
poor one very frugally but very well, if it 
be his good fortune to have a good cook in 
his Avife or servant; and a ministering angel 
a good cook is, either in one capacity or the 
other, not only to those in humble circum¬ 
stances, but to many above them of the 
class served by Avhat are self-termed cooks, 
which is too frequently an affair of profes¬ 
sion purely, and who are to be distinguished 
from plain cooks, only in this, that they re- 
c^uire much larger Avages for spoiling food, 
and still much more in quantity, and many 
other articles to boot. 
Great, Ave repeat, Avould be the benefit 
both to the subjects of the instruction, and 
to the public generally, of making cookeiy 
a branch of female education; and amongst 
the prizes Avhich the bountiful of both sexes 
are fond of bestoAving in the country, avc 
should like to see some offered for the best 
boiled potato, the best grilled mutton chop, 
and the best hotch-potch soup, or broth. In 
Avriting of a Avell boiled potato, Ave are aware 
that we shall incur the contempt of many, 
for attaching importance to a thing they sup¬ 
pose to be so common; but the fact is, their 
contempt arises, as is often the origin of 
contempt, from their ignorance, there not 
being one person in ten thousand who has 
ever seen or tasted the great rarity—a aa'cII 
boiled potato. — Condensedfrom the London 
Examiner. 
To KEEP xV Stove bright.—M ake a weak 
alum Avater, and mi.x your “ British Lustre” 
Avith it; put two spoonfuls to a gill of alum 
I Avater; let the stove be cold, brush the mix¬ 
ture, then take a dry brush and lustre and 
rub the stove till it is perfectly dry. Should 
any part before polishing become so dry as 
to look gray, moisten it Avith a wet brush 
and proceed as before. By tivo applications 
a year it can be kept as bright as a coach 
body. 
Barley Water.— Pick clean and Avash 
well a handful of common barley, then sim¬ 
mer gently in three pints of water, with a 
bit of lemon peel. Prepared thus it does not 
nauseate like pearl-barley water. 
The holy shrine of home, instead of be¬ 
ing chilled with ice, should be wreathed 
with blossoms. 
