GEOLOGY. 
9 
PART I. 
Notes on the Geology erom Mari (Murree) in the Punjab to Leh in Ladak. 
[The following notes, it should be remembered, commence in tbe Panjab, at Mari 
(Murree), the sanatorium lying a short distance north of Rawal Pindi. A “ rough section 
showing the relation of the rocks near Mari,” by Dr. Waagen, was published in the Records 
of the Geological Survey of India. 1 2 He showed that Mari is built on red slates and 
sandstones, newer than the nummulitics, but unfossilif erous, and that these beds are succeeded 
(the formations are too much crushed and contorted for anything like order in descent 
to be made out) by nummulitic limestone, jurassicand triassic beds; the Jurassic beds being 
identified with the “ Spiti shales.” Hr. Waagen gave a section round Chamba Peak, from 
Kairagali to Changligali. Hr. Stoliczka describes that seen on the road round the other side 
of the mountain. 
An account of the geology of the neighbourhood of Mari hill station in the Panjab has 
also been given by Mr. A. B. "Wynne, 3 of the Geological Survey of India, accompanied by a 
map and section. In this paper many additional details of the geology are given, and the 
same section is described which is here extracted from Hr. Stoliczka’s note-book. Hr. 
Stoliczka’s notes were made before Mr. Wynne’s paper was published, although the latter 
had been written long before. Within the last tw r o years the systematic geological survey 
of Kashmir has at length been commenced, and a large amount of information as to the 
distribution and relations of the different beds has been added by Mr. Lydekker. 3 In 
a few cases, as at the Zoji-la, slight changes have been shown to be necessary in the views 
formed by Hr. Stoliczka on Ms hurried journeys, but as a general rule his opinions have 
proved correct.] 
July 3rd to 6th .—The Mari hill consists of sandstone and shales, the former full of 
fucoids, but I could not find a trace of other fossils. 4 The geological section from Mari 
Nummulitic. 
Section from Mari to Kairagali, distance S miles. 
to Kairagali is rather simple, but thence along the road to Changligali it is rather compli¬ 
cated, and on the whole similar to that made by Waagen on the corresponding road passing 
1 Vol. V, 1872, p. 15. 
2 Records, Geological Survey of India, Vol. VII, p. 64. 
3 Rec. G. S. I., IX, p. 155; XI, p. 30. 
4 The Murree Beds of Mr. Wynne, see Quarterly Journal, Geological Society, 1874, p. 71, &c., and Rec. G. S. I., Vol. VII, p. 66. 
