GEOLOGY. 
43 
greater height. The green rock alternates with thick heels of a white cjuartzosc and calca¬ 
reous schist, and beyond the pass the green rock becomes more solid, loses its stratification, 
and becomes a regular greenstone, exactly like that I met with east of Sastekke, on the 
Sarikol road. Black slate I only saw in one or two places, and then in mere fragments or 
blocks; but it is evident that the whole series of rocks is the same as that south-west of Sanju- 
June 4th and 5th, Chiklik to camp, about 2 miles west of Mazarkhoja. —Two short 
marches, together about 16 miles. Nearly all the way nothing was seen but greenstone, similar 
to that near Sasak Taka : towards the end of the second march this unstratified greenstone 
is overlain by chloritic schists and other bedded metamorphic rocks, resembling those to the 
north of the Sanju pass. 
June 6th and 7tli, Mazarkhoja to Grinjikalik. —Two marches, together 18 or 19 miles. A 
mixture of metamorphic rocks was met with, like those north of the Sanju pass, dipping at a 
rather high angle to north-west, west, and south-west. The whole series seems much disturbed. 
The prevalent rock isaquartziticand highly hornblendic schist, traversed in all directions by rami¬ 
fying veins of white quartz, with some schorl, and by other darker veins, containing hornblende. 
June 8th, Jiraksheldi, 10 miles. —The same metamorphic rocks continue for about a mile 
beyond yesterday’s camp, and rest here on light-coloured, rather fine-grained gneiss, which is 
indistinctly stratified, and dips to the north-west. It is traversed by dark hornblendic veins. 
This greyish white gneiss continues for a couple of miles, and rests on an unstratified mass of 
fine gneiss porphyry, 1 similar to that I saw west of Sarikol. This fedlspathic gneiss seems to 
form the axis of the whole metamorphic mass; for, further to south by east from this camp, 
within about a mile, it is again overlain by the same somewhat fine-grained greyish-white 
gneiss, dipping to the south. This gneiss is, again, overlain at the camp by almost vertical and 
much-contorted beds of black shale, grey sandstone, and conglomerate, the same as I saw 
north of Tam. The coarse conglomerate has a comparatively recent aspect, but the whole 
series of rocks must be upper palaeozoic, although one cannot help doubting the fact. 
June 9th, Kulunaldi, 12 miles. —[This march led across the main ridge of the Kuenluen 
by the Yangi pass (16,000 feet), and down again into the upper valley of the Yarkand river. 
The corresponding pass to the eastward crossed on the journey to Yarkand is that of Suget.] 
Erom yesterday’s camp, the sandstones, conglomerates, and interbedded shales continued 
up the pass, where the conglomerates were of great thickness, evidently occupying the top 
of the series, and dipping with a slight angle to west. On the other or western (southern) side of 
the pass, the conglomerates and sandstones all continue for about 2|- miles highly inclined, and 
dipping towards east by north.;; they rest at about the third mile from the pass on black slates, 
which soon pass into dark grey and greenish metamorphic schist, sometimes with small garnets. 
Jerakshedi. Yangi. Yarkand rrver, 
i. Conglomerate; 2, Sandstone; 3, Shales; 4, Black slates; g, Metamorphic rocks, dark-coloured, with quartzite; 6, Fine-grained gneiss,; 7, Unstratified 
granitoid) porphyritic gneiss. 
Section across the Yangi Pass, north of YarJcand River. 
The metamorphic series is often traversed by veins of a solid greenstone-like rock, and 
towards the Yarkand valley there is a considerable thickness of a white quartzitic schist, 
1 Evidently, from the description, a granitoid rock. 
