1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
23 
Senator  Casey’s  Views. 
One  of  the  biggest  farmers  of  the  U ni- 
ted  States  and  the  man  who  controls, 
perhaps,  as  large  an  amount  of  cultivated 
land  as  any  man  in  the  United  States 
Senate  is  Senator  Casey,  of  North  Da¬ 
kota,  according  to  the  New  York  Herald. 
The  Carrington  and  Casey  Land  Com¬ 
pany  has  a  large  number  of  square  miles 
of  Dakota  land,  and  it  has  5,000  acres 
under  cultivation.  Senator  Casey  is  the 
business  manager  of  this  tract  and  is  one 
of  the  broadest-minded  farmers  in  the 
country.  He  is  a  man  of  broad  ideas  and 
high  culture,  and  has  made  a  study  of  all 
questions  relating  to  the  agricultural  in¬ 
terests  of  the  country.  He  comes  from 
the  region  of  large  farms,  and  when 
asked  whether  the  tendency  of  the  times 
is  toward  small  farms  rather  than  large 
ones,  he  replied  : 
“  No,  I  do  not  think  so.  I  think  every¬ 
thing  points  to  expansive  farming.  The 
farms  of  the  future  in  this  country  will  be 
large  rather  than  small  ones.  Farming 
becomes  more  of  a  business  every  year, 
and  the  probabilities  are  that  from  now 
on  it  will  be  one  of  the  best  paying  indus¬ 
tries  in  the  United  States.  The  day  of 
cheap  land  is  passing  away.  There  is 
very  little  unoccupied  government  land 
left  which  is  worth  anything,  and  the 
day  has  come  when  the  prices  of  cereals 
must  l’ise  and  the  people  must  pay  the 
farmers  what  their  products  are  worth. 
The  increased  consumption  of  wheat  the 
world  over  averages  40,000,000  bushels 
every  year,  and  this  increase  will  go  on. 
The  time  will  come  when  there  will  be 
less  wheat  than  the  world  wants,  and 
prices  will  have  to  go  up  to  induce  the 
farmers  to  raise  it.  As  it  is  now,  it  does 
not  pay  to  raise  wheat  in  most  parts  of 
the  United  States.  The  State  Board  of 
Agriculture  of  Ohio  lately  investigated 
the  matter  and  found  that  it  costs  $20 
an  acre  to  raise  wheat  in  that  State,  and 
the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of 
Toledo  made  a  similar  investigation  and 
found  it  cost  $20  per  acre  to  raise  wheat 
in  southern  Michigan.  We  find  that  it 
costs  us  about  $0  per  acre  for  all  the  wheat 
we  raise  in  North  Dakota,  and  you  cannot 
get  the  farmers  to  raise  wheat  in  Ohio 
until  you  pay  them  a  price  that  will  net 
them  a  good  percentage  over  the  $20  it 
costs  to  raise  it.  I  look  for  the  time 
when  wheat  will  be  $1.50  per  bushel,  and 
even  at  that  rate  it  will  hardly  pay  to 
raise  it  in  some  parts  of  the  Union.” 
Samples  and  Comments. 
Mangels  keep  perfectly  out  of  doors  if 
placed  in  conical  heaps  four  or  five  feet 
high  and  as  many  broad  at  the  base. 
Cover  with  two  or  three  inches  of  straw 
from  the  Rochelle  Blackberry.  The  old 
Dorchester  is  the  only  blackberry,  he  says, 
that  is  palatable  when  not  quite  fully 
ripe.  All  things  considered,  he  has  never 
found  the  blackberry  that  outrivals  the 
Kittatinny . 
Chas.  A.  Green’s  latest  opinion  of 
the  Wilder  Early  Pear  is  as  follows  :  1. 
Earliness,  ripening  about  August  1.  2. 
Superior  quality,  nothing  of  its  season 
being  so  delicious.  3.  No  rotting  at  the 
core.  He  has  kept  it  for  weeks  in  a 
warm  room,  and  never  saw  one  rot  at 
the  core ;  yet  this  is  the  weak  spot  in 
nearly  all  early  pears.  4.  Long  keeping 
and  superior  shipping  qualifications.  5. 
Great  beauty  and  productiveness,  bear¬ 
ing  every  year  and  on  young  trees.  (5. 
Great  vigor,  often  growing  six  to  seven 
feet  from  the  bud  in  one  season.  7. 
Hardiness  and  strong  constitution,  which 
enable  it  to  thrive  and  endure  neglect 
where  many  other  varieties  would  prove 
a  failure.  8.  Small,  meaty  core,  with  few 
seeds.  The  core  is  eaten  and  is  as  de¬ 
licious  as  any  other  part.  No  one  would 
waste  the  core  of  the  Wilder  Early . 
“What  makes  ‘off’  years  in  fruit 
bearing  ?  ”  asks  a  correspondent  of  the 
Vermont  State  Journal.  “  The  trees  are 
starved  to  death,  that’s  more  than  half 
that  makes  off’  years,”  he  answers- .... 
There  are  some  kinds  of  apple  trees 
that  are,  with  an  occasional  exception, 
regular  annual  bearers  ;  but  it  will  be 
observed  that  such  are  only  moderate 
bearers.  This  gives  them  the  same  ad¬ 
vantage  as  thinning  the  fruit  when  small. 
The  R.  N.-Y.  fully  agrees  with  Dr.  Hos¬ 
kins,  who  easily  ranks  with  our  first 
pomologists  of  to-day,  when  he  says  that 
one  may  doubt  if  thinning  will  pay  at  any 
great  distance  from  a  good  market,  at 
present  rates  of  transportation  on  our 
railroads.  It  is  a  bigger  job  than  any 
one  would  believe  until  tried,  to  pick  oft' 
five-sixths  of  the  apples  on  a  heavily 
laden  tree  of  full  size.  It  will  cost  from 
$3  to  $7  a  tree  to  do  it,  and  19  men  out 
of  20,  when  set  at  it,  would  do  more  dam¬ 
age  than  good . 
Word  for  Word. 
- The  Evening  Gazette  (Port  Jervis, 
N.  J.):  “  On  January  1,  Mr.  E.  G.  Fowler, 
of  Port  Jervis,  late  editor  of  the  Orange 
County  Farmer,  will  become  attached  to 
the  editorial  staff  of  The  Rural  New- 
Yorker,  one  of  the  best  agricultural  jour¬ 
nals  in  the  United  States.  Mr.  Fowler  is 
well  known  in  a  large  part  of  the  country 
as  a  very  intelligent  and  able  agricultural 
editor  and  an  expert  in  some  branches  of 
the  farming  business,  especially  in  the 
cultivation  of  fruits.  He  is  able  to  write 
excellent  articles  on  any  subject  neces¬ 
sary  to  be  handled  by  the  editor  of  any 
sort  of  a  journal,  literary,  political  or  ag¬ 
ricultural,  and  no  doubt  he  will  soon  be 
regarded  as  an  indispensable  attachment 
to  the  paper  with  which  he  will  soon  be 
connected.” 
the  last  never  fail  to  cheapen  the  paper  in 
everything  but  price.” 
“What  is  demanded  now  is  not  cheaper 
papers,  but  better,  and  they  cannot  be 
made  better  at  present  prices  without  the 
doubling  of  their  subscription  lists.  W e 
do  not  know  of  any  way  in  which  more 
effective  work  could  be  done  for  the  cause 
of  better  farming  than  by  a  little  mission¬ 
ary  work  by  the  farmers  themselves 
among  their  neighbors,  by  which  the  list 
of  every  first-class  paper  would  be 
doubled.  The  farmers  would  get  all 
back  again  many  times  in  the  course  of 
the  year  in  the  improvement  of  the 
paper.” 
- Journal  of  Commerce:  “  As  long  as 
a  man  has  strength  to  labor  we  may  fol¬ 
low  the  direction  of  one  who  more  than 
1800  years  ago  laid  down  the  rule  :  ‘  For 
even  when  we  were  with  you,  this  we 
commanded  you,  that  if  any  would  not 
work,  neither  should  he  eat.’  Let  the 
strong  eat  their  bread  in  the  sweat  of 
their  own  brows,  and  not  sit  idly  by  to 
feast  from  the  results  of  another’s  toil. 
This  is  a  fair  requirement  suited  to  every 
clime.  But  when  there  is  fever  in  the 
veins,  and  the  head  reels,  and  the  knees 
tremble,  and  the  lips  are  parched  with 
thirst,  then  we  must  minister  to  the  suf¬ 
ferer,  and  the  cup  of  cold  water,  typical 
of  the  needed  aid,  will  have  a  divine  re¬ 
ward.” 
“Even  in  one’s  own  home  with  loved 
friends  to  minister  at  the  bedside,  sick¬ 
ness  is  a  heavy  trial;  but  when  the 
stricken  sufferer  has  no  home,  and  there 
are  near  him  no  loved  and  familiar  voices 
whispering  words  of  tender  sympathy, 
the  pain  and  the  weariness  are  all  the 
harder  to  bear.” 
- F.  Grundy  in  Weekly  Press:  “I 
have  never  yet  seen  the  season  when 
farmers  could  not,  by  promptly  taking- 
advantage  of  fine  weather  in  the  autumn, 
be  fully  prepared  for  winter  when  it 
came.  I  know  a  great  many  men  who 
are  trying  to  farm  large  tracts  of  land, 
and  making  a  sad  mess  of  it,  who  live  the 
life  of  slaves.  They  are  simply  beasts  of 
burden.” 
“  If  these  so-called  farmers  made 
money,  forged  ahead  and  improved  their 
surroundings,  and  eventually  made  their 
places  of  abode  real  homes,  their  rushing 
and  bustling  would  be  justifiable.  Hut 
do  they  ?  Not  one  in  a  hundred  of  them 
ever  becomes  what  might  be  termed  in¬ 
dependent — well  fixed.  Their  manage¬ 
ment  is  bad.  They  employ  muscle  to  the 
exclusion  of  brain.  They  strive  to  wrench 
fertility  from  the  soil  by  main  force  and 
nature  revenges  herself  on  them.  There 
is  no  peace  or  comfort  about  their  homes 
while  they  live,  but  all  toil  and  turmoil.” 
%iivtvti8%u%. 
If  you  name  The  It.  N.-Y.  to  our  advertisers  you 
may  be  pretty  sure  of  prompt  replies  and  right  treat¬ 
ment. 
and  finally  with  two  or  three  inches  of 
soil.  We  have  just  opened  one  of  these 
cones  filled  with  Golden  Tankard  Man¬ 
gels  which  have  endured  12  degrees  above 
zero  without  harm . 
Roses  on  Peach  Trees. — A  writer  in 
The  Santa  Clara  Valley,  according  to 
- Christian  Union  :  “  The  only  as¬ 
surance  that  we  are  not  missing  the  one 
opportunity  lies  in  making  the  most  of 
every  opportunity;  in  treating  every  day 
as  though  it  were  the  one  eventful  day  of 
life;  in  trying  every  door  as  if  it  were 
the  one  entrance  to  the  palace;  in  doing 
850, ooo 
GRAPEVINES 
I.  V.  MUNSON,  Denison,  Tezas. 
INTRODUCER  Brilliant  Grape  and  Parker  Earle 
Strawberry  HKADOUARTERH .  Catalogue  free. 
^  tT.  „  A  LAST  A  BEAR  like  WHOLE\ 
S)  |  Jj?  ft  PjfJ'ROO'r  Trees;  see  “  Fruits  and, 
Trees”— Free.  iw. 
Garden  says:  Novel,  U8EFUL,  to  the  point.  Orange  Judd' 
Farmer:  Ably  written;  gives  trusty  INFORMATION.  Cal.  y 
Fruit  Grower:  Surprising  LOW  prices!  Apple,  Pear, Cher-. 
ry, Plum,  PRUNE, Peach, Ap’t.Qulnce, Nut, Or.Trees.Btocks, 
Grafts,  ROSES— even/thing.  No  LARGER  stock  inU.B.  No! 
BETTER.  No  cheaper.’ STARK  BROS.,  Louisiana,. 
Mo.— Founded  1835s  OLDEST.  lOOO  Acres;  LARGEST. , 
The^F  Sower  yr  Has 
No  Second  Chance,  j 
1Goo<l  sense  sura  make  the  most  of  the  flrst.J 
FERRY'S! 
f  have  made  and  kept  Ferry's  Seed  Business! 
the  largest  in  the  world — Merit  Tells.  \ 
Ferry’s  Seed  Annual  for  i8g2 
tells  the  whole  Seed  story — Sent  free  for  the 
asking.  Don’t  sow  Seeds  till  you  get  it.  J 
kD.M.FERRY  &  CO..Petroit,Mich^ 
P.  O.  Box  -  1  •  ^  JF 
FRUIT 
rnuii  PEACH  Specialty 
A  full  selection  of  all  the  leading  varieties. 
A  oorroot  descriptive  I  Also  a  fulllineof  PLANTS  and 
and  finely  Illustrated  ORNAMENTALS.  Plant. 
Catalogue  FREE  I  and  Tree,  by  mall.  Addres. 
JOS.  H.  BLACK,  SON  6.  CO., 
Village  Nurseries,  Hightstown,  N.4. 
«%■■■■■%#%  GARDEN,  FLOWER  &  FIELD 
CCCllC  Seed  Potatoes,  F  RUIT  TREES, 
r  I  N  PLANTS  &  VINES,  all  beet  kind*. 
VbkllV  our  FREE  CATALOGUE 
a  a  Novell v  as  it  has  No  Blit  Picture*,  and  gives  tonclHO, 
Accurate  Descriptions  and  FAIR  PRICES  for  BEST  . . . 
Don’t  ml**  seeing  it  boforo  buying.  Send  a.ldrcs*  to-ilay  to 
FRANK  FORD  <fc  SON,  Ravenna,  Ohio. 
Illl  Every  reader  of  this  paper 
Ml  AM  I  fall  who  Is  Interested  in  STRAW- 
iVnil  I  bU  B FURIES  to  mend  for  my 
Illustrated  and  Descriptive  Strawberry  Catalogue 
Free.  %iT  Send  now,  It  will  pay  you. 
W.  F.  ALLEN,  Jit.,  Salisbury,  Md. 
ALSIKE  SEED  WANTED 
Also  Clover  and  Timothy  Seeds,  cleaned  or  not, 
mixed  lots,  or  tailings.  Write  us  for  envelopes  for 
mailing  samples.  Write  your  name  and  address 
pinini y  on  samples.  State  quantity  ottered.  Our  city 
is  one  of  the  best  markets  In  the  U.  S.  for  seeds  and 
we  Clean  the  Seeds.  Write  us  if  you  wish  to  buy  or 
sell.  Cut  this  out  for  reference.  T 11  E  \VH ITN  EY- 
ftOYES  hKKII  CO.,  liinghnmton,  ft.  Y.  Spe¬ 
cialists  In  Grass  and  Clover  Seeds. 
PRUNE  WEEDSPORT. 
Inquire  about  it.  We  can  Interest  you  with  proof  of 
its  value  over  any  other  Prune.  Price  of  trees  on 
application  to  WILEY  &  CO.,  Cayuga,  N.  Y. 
THE  PALOUSE  APPLE 
One-year  old  trees  of  this  splendid  new  Seedling 
mailed  postpaid  on  receipt  of  price  as  follows  :  Single 
tree,  $1 ;  three  trees,  $2. 
Address  GEO.  RUEDY,  Box  207,  Colfax,  Wash. 
^AiniiPITinOLI)  VIRGINIA,  for  sale 
and  exchange.  Fiisy  Ternm. : 
Free  Catalogue.  It.  B.  CHAFFIN  &  CO,.  Richmond, Va,  U 
SAM’L  B.  WOODS,  LEWIS  D.  AYLETT 
Mayor  City  of  Charlottes-  Formerly  Treasurer 
ville.  Va.  Commissioner  Georgia  Pacific  R.R. 
of  Virginia.  VIRGINIA, 
ALBEMARLE  COUNTY. 
fhe  great  fruit,  grain  und  stock  raising  section  of 
the  State.  Winters  m lid  and  short.  Scenery  beautiful. 
Health  fine.  Near  the  great  markets.  Educational 
advantages  unsurpassed. 
Land  Good  !  Prices  Cheap  I  Taxes  Low  ! 
Farms  and  City  property  for  sale.  Write  to 
WOODS  dk  AYLETT,  Charlottesville,  Va. 
CUREMONT  Land  Association,  gSVWL. 
Offers  WOO  choice  farms;  3,000  handsome  town 
lots  on  James  River,  with  terms  to  suit  purchasers 
Free  circular. 
FOR  SALE.— A  choice  grazing  farm  of  082  acres,  at  a 
bargain.  For  particulars,  address  A.  ll.McNEILL 
Oldfields,  Hardy  Co.,  WestVa. 
FARMERS 
Siiw  and  Grist  Mill.  4H.P. 
and  larger.  Catalogue  free. 
DeLOACIl  MILL  CO.,  Atlanta,  til. 
WOOD 
ASHES 
PURE  UNLEACHED. 
Order  direct  from  Canada, 
gar  Write  for  free  pamphlet. 
F.  R.  LALOIl,  Dunnvllle, 
Vick’s  Monthly,  gives  an  account  of  roses 
budded  on  peach  trees.  He  says  “  I  have 
seen  a  three  and  four-year-old  peach  tree 
bloom  as  nature  would  have  it  on  some 
branches,  early  in  April ;  then  from  May 
to  August  hang  thick  with  branches  of 
white,  pink  and  yellow  roses,  a  perfect 
wonder  to  passers-by.”  These  trees  are 
stated  to  have  been  first  seen  in  the 
every  piece  of  work  as  if  upon  our  fidelity 
depended  all  our  future  lives.  The  man 
who  works  in  this  spirit  may  safely  leave 
the  future  to  God.  Whatever  material 
success  is  worth  having,  he  will  com¬ 
mand.” 
- Pittsburg  Dispatch:  “  It  is  a  great 
deal  easier  to  secure  an  indorsement  for 
a  man’s  character  than  for  his  note.” 
S  SMALL  FRUITS, 
TDCCP  VINES,  SEEDS, 
I  nttOl  ORNAMENTALS, 
CRATES  and  BASKETS.  NEW  FRUITS  a  specialty.  Have  you 
received  our  Catalogue?  If  not,  why  not?  Buy  direct  and  save  one-liair. 
catalogue1  FREE.  E.  W.  REID,  Bridgeport,  Ohio. 
garden  of  Judge  Amos  R.  Johnson,  of 
Mississippi . 
Laws  that  cannot  be  enforced  should 
be  repealed,  and  if  not  repealed  should 
he  enforced.  And  this  applies  as  well  to 
home  as  to  State  rule  , . 
The  exceeding  dryness  of  the  past  sea¬ 
son  at  the  Rural  Grounds  is  well  shown 
by  the  fact  that  many  wells  are  still  dry. 
Mr.  E.  Williams  says,  in  Garden  and 
Forest,  that  the  Erie  differs  but  little 
- Iowa  Homestead:  “  There  are  papers 
owned  and  controlled  by  men  who  are 
farmers  by  instinct,  who  are  proud  of  the 
fact,  and  whose  aim  and  ambition  it  is  to 
produce  a  paper  worthy  of  the  noble  pro¬ 
fession  of  the  farm,  and  again  there  are 
others  undertaken  merely  as  a  scheme  to 
make  a  little  money  by  palming  off  shoddy 
goods  and  unverified  theories  and  calling 
it  agriculture.  The  first  always  make  a 
paper  better  than  they  can  afford,  and 
JERRARD’S  SEED  POTATOES 
Are  grown  from  Jerrard’s  Famous  Seed  Stock  in  the  virgin  lands  of  the 
cold  North-East.  They  comprise  all  the  valuable  New  and  Standard  Kinds, 
and  are  warranted  superior  to  all  others  for  seed.  They  give  Earliest  and 
Largest  Crops  in  every  soil  and  climate. 
JERRARD’S  NORTHERN  SEEDS 
Are  safe  for  Northern  Latitudes,  and  for  Very  Early  Vegetables  or  Large 
Standard  Crops  everywhere  they  are  not  surpassed. 
-  MY  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE  FOR  1892  MAILED  FREE.  Address 
GEORGE  W.  P.  JERRARD,  -  CARIBOU,  MAINE. 
