1 86 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
March  19 
A  Wash  for  Peach  Tree  Borers. 
1,  What  is  the  best  formula  for  a  wash  as  a  preven¬ 
tive  of  Injury  from  the  peach  tree  borer,  taking  Into 
consideration  the  cost  of  material,  the  number  of 
applications  necessary  during  the  season,  and  Its 
efficacy  as  a  preventive? 
2.  Is  It  necessary  to  remove  the  earth  from  around 
the  trunk  before  applying  the  wash? 
8.  When  and  how  many  times  should  a  wash  be 
applied  during  the  season? 
The  Knife  is  the  Only  Hope. 
In  the  spring  of  1891  I  applied  the  Hale 
peach  wash  prepared  in  strict  conformity 
to  the  formula,  and  according  to  the  di¬ 
rections.  The  wash  consists  of  carbolic 
acid,  soft  soap,  lime  and  clay,  with  water 
to  make  a  thick  wash  that  may  be  applied 
with  a  brush.  The  definite  proportions 
of  the  materials  I  do  not  remember.  The 
earth  was  removed  from  about  several 
hundred  trees  and  the  bark  well  cleaned, 
and  the  mixture  applied  from  the  branch¬ 
ing  of  the  roots  to  five  or  six  inches  above 
the  surface  of  the  ground.  In  a  few  days, 
when  the  application  had  dried,  the  earth 
that  had  been  removed  was  replaced. 
Last  fall  in  making  my  semi  annual  ex¬ 
amination  of  peach  trees,  I  found  that  it 
had  been  of  no  value.  Young  worms  and 
gum  were  found  on  the  washed  trees 
just  the  same  as  on  those  that  had  not 
been  treated.  From  a  long  experience 
with  peach  trees  I  believe  there  is  no  way 
to  save  them  from  the  borer,  except  in 
June  and  November  of  each  year  to  re¬ 
move  the  earth  and  thoroughly  clean  the 
bark  around  the  base  of  each  tree.  Then 
in  a  couple  of  days  make  a  careful  ex¬ 
amination  and  with  the  point  of  a  knife 
cut  out  and  destroy  each  grub.  By  mak¬ 
ing  the  examination  a  couple  of  days  after 
thetreeshave  been  cleaned,  it  can  be  made 
much  more  easily,  as  the  location  of  the 
grub  is  indicated  by  the  castings  from  its 
hole.  w.  D.  BARNS. 
Cotton-Hull  Ashes  and  Carbolic  Acid. 
Experience  has  taught  me  that  there 
are  half  a  dozen  formulas,  the  basis  of 
which  is  some  form  of  potash,  either  com¬ 
mon  soft  soap  or  potash  lye,  with  which 
are  mixed  oarbolic  acid,  coal  tar  or  some 
similar  material  w  ith  an  offensive  smell. 
The  recipe  for  what  we  have  used  in  our 
own  orchards  of  late  years,  where  we 
have  many  thousand  trees  to  care  for  an¬ 
nually,  is  about  as  follows  :  25  pounds  of 
potash,  two  gallons  of  crude  carbolic  acid, 
five  pounds  of  common  white  arsenic.  This 
we  dissolve  in  about  20  gallons  of  water, 
and,  in  making  the  wash,  we  take  about 
four  gallons  of  this  mixture  to  an  ordi¬ 
nary  50-gallon  cask,  add  lime  and  water 
enough  to  fill  the  cask,  and  make  a  thick 
wash  that  will  adhere  to  the  base  of  the 
trees.  But  one  application  is  annually 
required,  early  in  the  spring  before  the 
moth  that  lays  the  egg  begins  to  fly.  The 
only  object  in  adding  the  arsenic  is  that 
it  costs  little  or  nothing  and  is  a  handy 
thing  to  have  around  the  base  of  the 
tree,  in  case  rabbits,  mice  or  any  such 
creatures  attempt  to  gnaw  the  bark.  In 
our  orchards  of  over  100,000  trees  at  Fort 
Valley,  Ga. ,  when  the  matter  was  up  for 
consideration  the  other  day,  I  decided  to 
use  cotton-hull  ashes  to  furnish  the  pot¬ 
ash  ,  as  these  contain  about  25  per  cent 
of  actual  potash,  which,  of  course,  would 
make  very  strong  lye  and,  at  the  same 
time,  to  a  certain  extent  replace  the 
lime.  I  have  no  doubt  that  a  wash  made 
of  such  ashes,  carbolic  acid  and  some 
sticky  clay  would  answer  equally  well  as 
the  formula  mentioned.  It  is  necessary 
to  take  a  little  dirt  away  frem  the  base 
of  the  tree  before  its  application,  although 
there  is  no  necessity  for  digging  any  thing 
like  a  hole  around  the  tree.  There  is  no 
necessity  for  any  veiy  accurate  or  defi¬ 
nite  rule  about  this  wash ;  if  properly 
applied  at  the  right  reason,  something  of 
this  form  will  keep  the  borers  out  of  95 
per  cent  of  all  peach  trees,  and  should 
not  be  neglected.  j.  h.  hai.e. 
Lime,  Gas,  Tar  and  Soap. 
To  make  a  barrel  of  my  wash  I  take 
half  a  bushel  of  unslaked  lime  and  slake 
it  in  a  barrel.  During  the  process  of 
slaking,  when  it  has  arrived  at  the  hot¬ 
test  stage  I  add  one  gallon  of  gas-tar.  If 
it  is  added  when  the  lime  is  hot,  it  will 
be  thoroughly  incorporated  with  the 
wash,  but  this  will  positively  not  be  the 
case  if  added  when  the  lime  is  cold. 
After  the  gas-tar  has  been  added,  add 
five  gallons  of  soap — whale-oil  is  the 
best,  if  convenient ;  if  not,  a  common, 
home-made  soft-soap  will  do.  Fill  the 
barrel  with  water  and  stir  thoroughly 
when  it  is  ready  for  use.  It  should  be  made 
just  as  wanted  to  obtain  satisfactory  re¬ 
sults  from  its  application.  The  mixture 
will  cost  about  75  cents  per  barrel.  Apply 
with  a  cheap  whitewash  brush  with  an 
18-inch  handle.  Have  a  pan  of  kerosene 
and  two  brushes  for  the  person  applying 
the  wash,  keeping  one  in  the  kerosene 
when  the  other  is  in  use;  this  is  necessary, 
as  the  gas-tar  in  the  wash  makes  the 
brush  sticky,  so  that  it  would  be  impos¬ 
sible  for  the  operator  to  apply  the  wash 
perfectly  without  frequently  changing 
the  brushes.  Remove  dirt  from  the 
trunks  of  the  trees  before  applying  the 
wash,  so  that  it  will  get  as  close  as  pos¬ 
sible  to  the  borer.  The  proper  time  to 
apply  is  the  latter  part  of  April  or  any 
time  in  May.  One  application  if  made 
with  a  liberal  hand  is  sufficient  for  one 
season  ;  but  it  m  ust  be  made  every  season 
(Continued  on  next  paye.) 
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