1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
203 
New  Potatoes. 
(Concluded. ) 
splendid  quality,  strong  grower,  immense 
yielder  and  although  an  early  variety, 
it  does  not  sprout  in  the  spring  until  late. 
One  hundred  dollars,  in  four  amounts, 
are  offered  for  the  four  largest  and  best 
tubers. 
Extra  Eari.y  Walton,  (Plant  Seed 
Co.)  it  is  claimed,  is  the  earliest  potato 
in  cultivation — two  weeks  earlier  than 
Early  Rose,  a  heavier  cropper,  better 
keeper,  etc. 
Molly  Stark,  Kosiikonong,  Mt. 
Carbon,  Paris  Rose,  Eureka  and 
Harbinger  are  all  offered  by  Frank 
Ford  &  Son.  Molly  Stark  is  extremely 
early,  of  superior  quality  and  handsome 
appearance.  Among  the  best  for  home 
use.  Koshkonong  is  thickly  netted, 
pinkish  skin,  shallow  eyes,  large  size, 
vines  withstand  drought.  Remarkably 
productive.  Mt.  Carbon  is  thickly  netted, 
pinkish  eyes  which  are  few  and  even 
with  the  surface,  fine  shape,  highly  pro¬ 
ductive.  It  is  a  medium  to  late  variety. 
Paris  Rose  yielded  419  bushels  while  the 
Early  Rose  yielded  140  bushels  per  acre. 
Eureka  will  take  the  place  of  Rurbank  or 
Star,  yielding  “almost  double.”  Har¬ 
binger,  it  is  said,  is  destined  to  be  the 
great  market  potato  of  the  future. 
Steele’s  Earliest  of  All  is  offered 
by  the  Steele  Bros.  Co.  of  Toronto,  On¬ 
tario,  Canada.  Earliness,  vigor  of  vine, 
productiveness  and  fine  table  qualities 
are  the  merits  claimed  for  it.  It  resem¬ 
bles  Beauty  of  Hebron  though  a  little 
longer,  and  the  skin  is  a  uniform  “  flesh 
color”  with  a  “  velvety  feeling  to  the 
hand  different  from  any  other  variety.” 
American  Wonder  (James  Vick)  is 
described  as  being  the  “nearest  to  blight- 
proof,  the  strongest  grower,  most  pro¬ 
ductive  and  best  late  potato  for  general 
field  culture  ever  introduced.” 
Van  Ornam’s  Earliest  (Iowa  Seed 
Company)  is  said  to  “  ripen  its  whole  crop 
from  one  to  three  weeks  earlier  than 
Early  Ohio  ” — an  immense  claim.  Robust 
habit,  tubers  grow  close  in  the  hill,  yields 
a  heavy  crop  when,  owing  to  drought, 
other  kinds  fail. 
Early  Beauty  of  Elbeiion,  (It.  D. 
Hawley  &  Co.)  it  is  claimed,  is  one  of  the 
“  very  earliest  varieties.”  Cooking  quali¬ 
ties  not  surpassed,  remarkably  produc¬ 
tive.  Notable  for  large  size  and  fine  ap¬ 
pearance. 
Note. — By  reference  to  files  of  The 
Rural  New-Yorker,  it  will  be  seen  that 
many,  if  not  most,  of  the  above  varieties 
have  been  tried  at  the  Rural  Grounds  and 
impartial  reports  rendered. 
H.  F.  11.,  Lexington,  Ky. — In  1857  I 
budded  my  first  peach  on  plum  stock. 
For  25  years  I  had  more  or  less  orchard 
trees  on  plum  bottoms,  and  had  ample 
opportunity  of  observing  their  behavior 
on  grounds  other  than  my  own.  There 
may  be  localities  where  such  a  stock  is 
of  value,  but  in  central  Kentucky  neither 
on  wet  nor  dry  ground  does  the  peach 
flourish  on  plum.  There  may  be  com¬ 
parative  immunity  from  the  borer,  but 
the  trees  lack  vigor,  are  prone  to  break 
at  the  joint,  and  yield  fruit  of  quality  in¬ 
ferior  to  that  borne  by  trees  on  their  own 
roots.  My  experience  with  the  last  70 
peaches  on  plums  that  I  planted,  so  thor¬ 
oughly  satisfied  me  of  the  unsuita¬ 
bility  of  the  plum  as  a  stock  that  no 
more  have  been  planted.  The  state¬ 
ment  that  the  peach  can  be  grown  on  wet 
land  if  worked  on  the  plum  has  been  so 
long  and  so  frequently  made  that  it  sac- 
ceptance  is  general.  Now,  in  my  own 
experience  this  is  not  true,  and  I  have  in 
mind  a  spot  of  tenacious  clay  in  a  neigh¬ 
bor's  orchard  where  peaches  on  plums 
were  fairly  tried,  and  I  question  if  a 
bushel  of  superior  fruit  was  ever  gath¬ 
ered  from  some  20  or  more  trees,  though 
nearby  grew  good  peaches  on  peach 
roots. 
Hot-Beds  Without  Manure. 
J.  G.,  Cobden,  III. — Select  a  piece  of 
land,  well  drained,  with  a  south  or  east 
exposure;  stretch  a  line  on  either  side  as 
long  as  you  want  the  bed  to  be ;  then 
grade  down  about  a  spade's  length, 
thawing  the  soil  out  on  either  side.  Now 
cut  out  a  place  for  a  fire-box  three  and 
one-half  feet  wide  and  six  or  eight  feet 
long;  cut  this  six  or  eight  inches  deeper 
than  the  grade  for  the  hot-bed.  Now  cut 
flues  six  inches  deep  and  a  spade  wide 
from  outside  of  the  bed,  and  cover  them 
with  thin  stoneb;  plaster  the  joints  with 
clay;  let  the  flues  unite  at  the  center  of 
the  fire-box.  Build  jambs  for  the  fire-box 
or  furnace  of  sand-stone  or  brick;  cover 
the  top  with  broad  stones.  Fill  the  bed  so 
that  the  front  or  the  part  next  the  fire 
will  be  18  inches  deep.  Put  the  end  far¬ 
thest  from  the  fire  six  inches;  make  two 
boxes  eight  inches  by  six  feet  for  the 
chimneys;  use  wood  for  heating. 
Multum  in  Parvo. 
In  the  interests  of  the  diversificati  m 
of  agriculture,  so  urgently  demanded  in 
many  of  the  States  west  of  the  Mississippi 
River,  a  number  of  the  stations,  as  well 
as  the  United  States  Department  of  Ag¬ 
riculture  have  conducted  experiments  to 
test  the  adaptability  of  their  respective 
localities  to  the  production  of  sugar 
beets.  Reports  on  this  subject  have  been 
received  during  the  year  from  stations 
in  Iowa,  Colorado,  Nebraska,  South 
Dakota,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  Nevada, 
Arkansas  and  Wyoming.  These  ex¬ 
periments  indicate  that  beets  with  high 
sugar  content  may  be  raised  in  many 
parts  of  the  region  covered  by  these 
States.  In  the  arid  region  particularly 
it  is  found  that  the  beets  grown  with 
irrigation,  by  which  the  moisture  in  the 
soil  is  subject  to  the  control  of  the 
farmer,  are  especially  rich  in  sugar.  Al¬ 
ready  sugar  factories  have  been  estab¬ 
lished  in  Nebraska,  California  and  Utah, 
and  it  is  estimated  that  about  13,000  tons 
of  beet  sugar  were  made  in  this  country 
during  the  past  year. 
In  a  similar  way  the  experiments  in 
the  use  of  alcohol  in  the  making  of 
sorghum  sugar,  conducted  by  the  De¬ 
partment,  have  been  highly  successful. 
It  is  believed  that  this  process  will  double 
the  amount  of  crystallized  sugar  to  be 
obtained  from  a  given  quantity  of  cane 
at  a  trifling  increase  in  cost.  Experi¬ 
ments  on  a  factory  scale  have  already 
shown  such  results.  This  process  gives 
an  unusually  pure  product,  the  sugar  be¬ 
ing  fit  for  many  purposes  without  re¬ 
fining . 
The  past  year's  work  in  testing  the 
devices  contrived  by  the  stations  for  rap¬ 
idly  determining  the  amount  of  fat  in 
milk,  has  made  it  reasonably  sure  that 
dairymen  and  creameries  have  at  their 
disposal  a  practical  method  which  will 
enable  them  to  fix  the  value  of  each 
cow’s  milk  according  to  its  quality.  The 
farmer  no  longer  has  any  excuse  for 
keeping  unprofitable  stock  and  the 
creameries  have  no  valid  reason  for  re¬ 
fusing  to  pay  for  milk  on  the  basis  of  its 
quality. 
Abstracts. 
- United  States  Experiment  Station 
Record  :  ‘  ‘  The  question  as  to  the  cause 
of  the  nitrification  of  ammonium  salts  in 
soils  has  recently  found  a  definite  answer 
in  the  investigations  of  Winogradsky  at 
Zurich.  The  nitrifying  organisms  so  often 
searched  for  seem  to  have  been  found, 
successfully  isolated  and  cultivated,  and 
their  characters,  nitrifying  action,  and 
methods  of  culture  carefully  studied.” 
“  In  the  dairy  the  relations  of  bacteria 
to  the  souring  and  creaming  of  milk 
have  been  more  clearly  defined,  and  it  has 
been  shown  that  the  flavor  of  butter  de¬ 
pends  in  large  measure  on  the  control  of 
bacteria  during  the  processes  of  butter 
making.” 
- Farm  Journal  :  “  And  yet,  counting 
the  total  expense  of  the  splendid  roads 
of  Europe  for  a  hundred  years,  they  have 
not  cost  as  much  per  mile  as  ours  have  in 
the  same  length  of  time,  and  ours  are 
little  if  any  better  than  they  were  a  hun¬ 
dred  years  ago.” 
“  It  has  been  estimated  that  at  least 
2,000,000  extra  horses  have  to  be  kept  on 
our  farms  because  of  our  poor  i  oads  ;  and 
that  it  costs  $500,000  per  day  to  feed  these 
extra  horses.” 
“  It  takes  a  great  deal  of  discretion  to 
handle  a  whip  in  training  the  colt — more 
discretion  than  whip  a  good  deal.” 
“Rev.  Blink  Plunk  on  Honesty. — 
Most  men  are  honest  wen  dey  know  dey 
are  bein’  watched,  deah  breddern,  but  de 
true  test  ob  honesty  is  wen  a  man  has  a 
To=Day 
You  should  carefully  consider  Hits  ad¬ 
vertisement)  as  tt.  will  positively  not  ap¬ 
pear  again.  nr  We  are  the  Largest 
Growers  of  Flower  Seeds  In  America,  and 
this  special  clieap  offer  is  to  prove  that 
BURPEE’S  FLOWER  SEEDS  are  as  thor¬ 
oughly  reliable  as  are  Burpee’s  Vegetable 
Seeds,  for  which  our  house  is  so  widely  cele¬ 
brated. 
chance  to  steal  sometin’  without  bein’ 
discovered  an’  he  declines  to  do  it ;  dat’s 
wot  I  call  honesty  ob  de  18-carat  stamp.” 
- Industrialist  :  “  Ella  Wheeler  Wil¬ 
cox  says  that  if  she  were  asked  to  define 
the  meaning  of  a  successful  man  she 
would  say:  ‘A  man  who  has  made  a  happy 
home  for  his  wife  and  children.  No  mat¬ 
ter  what  he  has  done  in  the  way  of 
achieving  wealth  and  honor;  if  he  has 
done  that  he  is  a  grand  success:  if  he  has 
not  done  that,  and  it  is  his  own  fault, 
though  he  be  the  highest  in  the  land,  he 
is  a  most  pitiable  failure.’” 
- Agricultural  Science:  “  The  spec¬ 
ially  educated  men  are  coming  more  and 
more  to  station  work,  and  the  agricul¬ 
tural  politicians  and  professional  writers 
are  not  in  the  favor  that  they  have 
been.” 
- Wendell  Phillips:  “We  can’t  be 
as  good  as  our  fathers  unless  we  are  bet¬ 
ter  than  they  were.” 
$UjscfUit»*au0 
If  you  name  The  R.  N.-Y.  to  our  advertisers  you 
may  be  pretty  sure  of  prompt  replies  and  right  treat¬ 
ment. 
Do  Not  Lose  a  Year. 
Plant  this  Spring  one  of  our  strong-bearing  vines, 
and  soon  begin  to  enjoy  this  luscious  grape— Splendid ! 
Delicious!  Excellent!  are 
the  exclamations  from 
those  who  have  tested 
the  Green  Mountain, 
the  earliest  and  best  of 
all  grapes.  Ripens  here  In 
August,  yet  Is  of  most 
delicate  texture  and  ex¬ 
quisite  flavor.  Be  not 
mislead  into  buying  this 
grape  under  other  names 
Every  genuine  vine 
Is  sealed  with  our  trade-mark  seal  as  above. 
Send  for  circular  giving  full  information.  Agents 
wanted  In  every  State  and  County.  Address 
STEPHEN  HOYT’S  SONS,  New  Canaan,  Conn. 
New  Cockscomb,  Queen  of  Dwarfs. 
A  Grand  Novelty  of  American  Origin  !  Per¬ 
fectly  dwarf  plants  only  eight  Inches  high,  each 
crowned  with  magnificent  large  heads  ten  to 
twelve  Inches  across ;  rich  ruby  red,  of  extreme 
brilliancy.  Is  most  easily  grown,  comes  truo 
from  seed,  and  is  tho  only  really  perfect  dwarf 
Cockscomb  ever  introduced.  Pkt.,  10  cts. 
DWARF  MARGUERITE  CARNATIONS, 
Finest  mixed  seedof  all  colors  of  these  beauti¬ 
ful,  fragrant,  double  Carnations,  which  bloom 
In  only  four  months.  Pkt.,  10e.;  3  pkts.  for25c. 
GOLDEN  GATE  POPPIES.  Our  own  Nov¬ 
elty .'  Entirely  unique  in  wondrous  variety 
and  brilliancy  of  bloom;  myriads  of  most 
gorgeous  llowers  of  every  conceivable  shade; 
elegantly  striped,  blotched  and  bordered. 
Per  pkt.,  10c.;  3  pkts.  for  25c. 
n  >ve  will  send  by  mall, 
For  J  PtC  postpaid,  one  pkt.  each 
UlOi  of  u|i  Hie  following: 
NEW  COCKSCOMB,  QUEEN  OF  DWARFS. 
DWARF  MARGUERITE  CARNATIONS. 
GOLDEN  GATE  POPPIES,  all  colors. 
NEW  TOM  THUMB  SWEET  ALYSSUM, 
BURPEE’S  SUPERB  BALSAMS,  finest  mill. 
COSMOS,  MIXED  HYBRIDS,  all  colors. 
NEW  DOUBLE  CORN-FLOWER, 
PANSY  FINE  MIXED,  both  show  and  f^ncy. 
FOUItllOOK  STRAIN  OF  LARGE  FLOW¬ 
ERING  PHLOX.  Notable  for  large  size  of  the 
perfect  flowers  and  for  rich  variety  of  colors. 
S.\  I.VIA  SPLENDENS,  or  Scarlet  Sage.  This 
most  brilliantly  gorgeous  of  all  Summer-flowering 
plants  is  most  easily  raised  from  seed. 
Her  The  entire  collection,  one  packet  each  of 
the  above  ten  varieties,  mailed  to  any  address 
for  25  cts.,  which  is  scarcely  more  than  one- 
fourth  the  regular  retail  price,  if  purchased  sepa¬ 
rately,  or  live  of  these  GEM  Collections  for 
$1.00.  Illustration  and  directions  for  culture 
printed  on  each  packet.  All  are  Choice  New 
Seeds,  many  of  them  were  grown  sit  Fordhook 
Farm,  and  it  is  only  by  selling  thousands  of 
these  collections  that  we  can  afford  to  make 
so  liberal  an  oiler.  ORDERNOW,  and  ask  for 
Burpee’s  Farm  Annual  for  1892, 
the  most  complete  Seed  Catalogue  of  the  year. 
With  honest  descriptions,  truthful  Illustrations, 
and  colored  plates  painted  from  nature,  it  tells 
all  about  the  HEIST  SEEDS,  including  Rare 
Novelties  in  Vegetables  and  Flowers. 
W.  ATLEE  BURPEE  4, CO. 
Philadelphia,  Pa, 
WALLPAPER 
SELECTED  BY  MAIL. 
Large  variety,  latest 
styles  at  factory  prices. 
Bend  8  cents  postage  for  a  full  line  of  samples. 
TUGS.  J.  MYERS,  1210  Market  St.  Philo.  Pa., 
LL  SPRING  CROPS  «e  Increased 
in  Quantity  and  Quality  by  the  use  of  our 
FERTILIZERS 
A  full  line  BONE  SUPER  PHOSPHATES  for  all  crops-  and  soils. 
After  using  one  of  these  brands  for  your  General  Spring  Crops  do  not  fail  to 
use  our  POTATO  FERTILIZER  on  your  POTATOES.  Address 
THE  CLEVELAND  DRYER  CO. 
Offices— X3,  14  and  15  Wide  Block,  CIAi VliEA ND,  OHIO. 
1892. 
aPatalqc^I 
1892' 
For  Over  Thirty  Years 
we  have  always  had  very  pleasant  dealings  together,  the 
public  and  myself,  and  I  again  have  the  pleasure  of 
presenting  to  them  my  Annual  Vegetable  and 
Flower  Seed  Catalogue.  It  contains  .the  usual 
immense  variety  of  seed,  with  such  new  kinds  added 
as  have  proved  to  be  real  acquisitions.  Raising  many 
of  these  varieties  myself,  on  my  four  seed  farms, 
and  testing  others,  1  am  able  to  warrant  their  fresh¬ 
ness  and  purity,  under  such  reasonable  conditions  as  are  con¬ 
tained  in  my  Catalogue.  Having  been  their  original  intro¬ 
ducer,  I  am  headquarters  for  choice  Cory  Corn,  Miller  Melon, 
Eclipse  Beet,  Hubbard  Squash,  Deep  Head,  All  Seasons  and 
Warren  Cabbage,  Etc.,  Etc.  Catalogue  FREE  to  all. 
J.  II.  GREGORY  As  SON,  Marblehead,  Mass. 
SMALL  FRUITS, 
TDCEO  VINES,  SEEDS, 
I  IttXO)  ORNAMENTALS, 
CRATES  and  BASKETS.  NEW  FRUITS  a  specialty.  Have  you 
received  our  Catalogue?  If  not,  why  not?  Buy  direct  aiul  save  one-hale 
Catalogue  FREE 1  E.  W.  REID,  Bridgeport,  Ohio. 
