244 
(HE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
April  9 
“ACME”  Pulverizing  Harrow 
A  Sweet  Corn  Talk. 
BELLING  WATER  ON  THE  COB. 
One  of  the  best  farmers  in  the  neigh¬ 
borhood  of  the  Rural  Grounds  is  Mr.  A. 
J.  Rogert.  Most  of  the  farmers  in  Ber¬ 
gen  County,  N.  J. ,  grow  large  quantities 
of  Lima  beans,  melons  and  tomatoes  in 
addition  to  other  farm  crops.  Mr.  Bo- 
gert  grows  only  sweet  corn,  potatoes,  rye 
and  hay.  He  and  his  son,  Charles,  who 
now  has  the  management  of  the  farm, 
have  had  considerable  success  with  sweet 
corn. 
“  What  varieties  do  you  plant  ?  ”  said 
The  R.  N.-Y.  to  Mr.  Bogert. 
“  Two,  an  early  and  a  late  one.  The 
early 'is  one  of  our  own  selection.  We 
used  to  plant  largely  of  Cory.  One  year 
we  found  ou  stalks  of  that  variety  a  num¬ 
ber  of  ears  larger  and  better  than  the 
usual  Cory  ears.  They  were  12  to  14- 
rowed,  large  and  fine  just  a  few  days 
later  than  the  Cory,  and  of  good  quality. 
They  were  evidently  a  cross  between 
Cory  and  Evergreen.  We  now  plant 
this  variety  entirely  for  early  corn.  For 
late,  we  use  the  Dwarf  Mammoth.  We 
used  to  plant  a  number  of  different  va¬ 
rieties,  including  Crosby,  Evergreen,  etc., 
but  shall  now  give  them  up  and  confine 
our  entire  crop  to  our  two  varieties.” 
“  How  many  ears  can  you  grow  to  the 
acre  ?  ” 
“  That  depends  largely  upon  the  sea¬ 
son.  Last  year  was  a  poor  one — too  dry 
From  two  acres  of  our  early  corn  quite  a 
large  part  of  which  was  very  poor,  we 
picked  17,500  ears.  In  a  good  season  we 
should  expect  close  to  10,000  ears  per 
acre.  For  the  Dwarf  Mammoth — a 
larger  corn — 6,000  to  7,000  ears  make  a 
good  yield.” 
‘  Do  the  small,  early  varieties  pay  as 
well  as  the  later  ?” 
“  Yes,  as  a  rule  we  think  better.  Every¬ 
body  grows  late  Evergreen  corn,  and  the 
market  is  always  glutted  several  times 
during  the  late  corn  season,  when  prices 
;ire  away  down.  There  is  less  competition 
in  the  early  corn  market ;  prices  are  more 
uniform  and,  taking  the  average  through, 
an  ear  of  early  corn  sells  for  almost  as 
much  as  an  ear  of  late  corn.  Our  light, 
warm  land  is  well  suited  to  the  early 
crop.  We  can  haul  to  New  York  on  one 
wagon  8,000  ears  of  little  cornyvvhich,  at 
$1.50  per  100,  make  $120  for  the  trip.  Of 
big  Evergreen  corn  4,000  is  a  big  load. 
At  the  same  price  it  would  amount  to 
$60  ;  while  the  chances  are  that  it  would 
strike  a  crowded  market  and  not  bring 
over  $1  per  100.  The  cost  of  hauling  and 
unloading  is  the  same  in  either  case.  The 
Southern  corn  does  not  interfere  with 
our  trade  because  customers  know  our 
corn  is  fresh  and  tender.  We  pick  when¬ 
ever  the  corn  is  ready  and  take  it  to 
market  at  once.” 
“  When  do  you  plant  ?” 
“The  early  variety  about  the  third 
week  in  April — one  planting  only.  The 
late  variety  goes  in  as  soon  after  potato 
planting  as  possible,  with  several  differ¬ 
ent  plantings.” 
‘  ‘  Do  you  use  stable  manure  or  chemical 
fertilizers  ?” 
“Both.  We  do  not  keep  much  stock, 
but  buy  large  quantities  of  stable  manure. 
We  use  all  our  stable  manure  on  corn— 
generally  spreading  and  plowing  it  in. 
For  early  corn  we  use  stable  manure  in 
the  hill.  This  keeps  the  ground  warm 
and  helps  the  sprouting  of  the  seed.  On 
fall-plowed  sod  we  do  not  use  manure, 
but  400  pounds  per  acre  of  a  good  corn 
fertilizer.  We  are  increasing  our  use  of 
both  fertilizer  and  stable  manure — using 
the  latter  on  our  rye.  When  we  use 
stable  manure  in  the  hill  we  find  that  the 
plants  will  pull  out  easier.  The  roots  do 
not  seem  to  extend  out  so  far  as  when 
the  manure  or  fertilizer  is  broadcasted. 
It  would  not  do  to  use  Breed’s  weeder  in 
young  corn  manured  in  the  hill,  as  it 
would  pull  up  too  much  of  it.  Even 
when  the  cultivator  runs  close  to  such  a 
hill  it  will  often  pull  it  out,  while  when 
the  manure  is  broadcasted,  all  the  roots 
on  one  side  may  be  cut  off  and  still  the 
plants  will  stand.” 
“  Do  you  think  a  good  soil  with  400 
pounds  of  corn  fertilizer  will  equal  a 
heavy  coat  of  stable  manure  ?” 
“It  will  depend  upon  the  season.  With 
plenty  of  moisture  while  the  corn  is 
growing — yes.  For  a  very  dry  season, 
on  our  light,  hot  soils,  we  prefer  the 
stable  manure.  On  moist,  well-drained 
land  the  sod  and  fertilizer  might  be  as 
good  in  time  of  drought.” 
“  Where  is  your  crop  sold  ?” 
“In  New  York.  We  haul  it  in  when¬ 
ever  we  have  a  load.  Buyers  test  it  by 
taking  sample  ears  at  random  and  biting 
into  them.  In  seasons  when  the  corn 
worm  abounds  this  test  is  not  always 
agreeable.  In  some  seasons  the  worms 
are  so  bad  that  whole  loads  bring  only 
25  cents  per  100.” 
“  What  use  do  you  make  of  stalks  ?” 
“We  cut  them  for  fodder  when  ripe — 
two  weeks  or  so  after  the  last  picking. 
They  are  very  hard  to  cure,  and  frequent¬ 
ly  mold  and  rot  when  in  the  barn.  They 
are  much  better  for  feeding  than  field 
corn  stalks — the  silo  would  be  the  place 
for  them.  On  one  field,  last  fall,  the 
stalks  were  so  poor  that  we  simply  cut 
them  down  and  plowed  them  under  like 
any  other  green  crop.  We  always  plant 
potatoes  on  corn  ground,  but  we  do  not 
plant  as  many  acres  of  potatoes  as  of 
corn,  and  so  a  good  deal  of  the  corn  is 
followed  by  rye,  which  is  a  good  crop  to 
follow  sweet  corn,  because  it  can  be 
seeded  early.” 
“  How  have  prices  averaged  of  late 
years  ?” 
“Generally  better  for  early  than  for 
late.  Last  year  late  corn  was  very  low. 
It  seldom  happens  that  both  early  and 
late  corn  is  low  so  that  we  are  reason¬ 
ably  sure  of  obtaining  a  fair  price  for 
one  sort.  As  compared  with  field  corn 
sweet  corn  pays  us  far  better.” 
Manufactured  Products 
from  Corn. 
At  a  recent  farmers’  institute  held  at 
Champaign,  Ill.,  Mr.  Wm.  Dickinson 
spoke  thus  about  the  products  of  Indian 
corn  : 
“There  are  21  standard  products  attrib¬ 
utable  to  Indian  corn.  It  is  eaten  by  a 
larger  number  of  people  than  any  other 
crop  except  rice.  The  United  States  pro¬ 
duced,  in  1850,  600,000,000  bushels;  in  1891, 
2,000,000,000  bushels,  worth  $800,000,000 
at  the  farms.  The  export  of  corn  last 
year  (1891)  amounted  to  from  150,000,000 
to  200,000,000  bushels.  One  of  the  Chicago 
sugar  refining  factories  uses  15,000 
bushels  or  27  car-loads  of  corn  per  day. 
It  is  taken  into  a  building  13  stories 
high,  soaked  in  water  for  48  hours,  then 
ground  coarsely  and  run  into  a  mixer 
which  revolves  slowly.  The  germs  of 
the  corn  are  thus  separated,  floated  on 
top  of  the  water  and  pass  off  by  them¬ 
selves.  What  remains  is  ground  finer 
and  passed  over  a  silk  sieve.  This  sepa¬ 
rates  the  hulls  called  bran  which  is  sold 
for  cattle  feed  at  $10  per  ton.  The  germs 
are  well  dried  by  pressure  and  heat,  after 
which  an  oil  is  pressed  out  of  them. 
From  25  to  30  barrels  of  oil  are  made 
from  them  each  day.  This  oil  is  commer¬ 
cially  a  new  product.  It  is  used  for 
making  soap,  also  in  tanneries  for  dress¬ 
ing  leather,  and  it  is  not  improbable  that 
a  farmer  may  use  on  the  salad  at  his  own 
table  oil  from  corn  raised  on  his  own  farm. 
The  residue  left  after  the  oi1  is  pressed 
from  the  germs,  supplies  oil  cake  that  is 
used  as  a  cattle  food. 
The  residue  left  in  the  tanks  after  the 
germs  are  floated  off,  contains  the  starch 
and  gluten  of  the  corn.  The  starch  is 
precipitated  while  the  mixture  runs  over 
starch  tables  or  floors.  The  starch  on 
these  floors  accumulates  to  a  depth  of 
from  six  to  eight  inches.  It  is  then  taken 
off,  dried  in  kilns  and  comes  out  “  pearl 
starch,”  which  is  used  in  sizing  cloth 
and  paper.  Pearl  starch  ground  fine  is 
used  in  baking  powders  and  is  the  corn¬ 
starch  of  the  market.  When  heated  to 
300  degrees  Fahrenheit,  this  starch  is 
changed  to  dextrine  which  is  soluble  in 
( Continued  on 'next  page.) 
,  from  an  acre  ... 
$2.000  one  crop,  by  a  new 
system. 
Mr.  Robert  Niven,  of  Provi¬ 
dence,  R.I.,  raised  last  year 
from  one  acre  treated  with 
Stockbridge  Celery  Manure, 
$2,084.44  worth  of  handsome 
celery.  In  addition  to  the  par¬ 
ticulars  which  he  gives  concern¬ 
ing  his  system  of  planting,  he 
says : — 
“  It  is  plain  that,  as  there  is  so  large 
a  growth  of  foliage  and  roots,  it  re¬ 
quires  a  very  large  amount  of  plant 
food.  I  am  satisfied  that  we  cannot 
raise  celery  in  this  way  without  feed¬ 
ing  the  plants  with  plenty  of  fertili¬ 
zer  in  a  soluble  and  active  form,  and 
in  this  case  this  was  furnished  by  the 
Stockbridge  Celery  Manure,  which 
is  the  best  I  ever  used,  and  I  have 
used  other  kinds.” 
We  will  send  Mr.  Niven’s  full 
statement  concerning  this  great 
crop,  and  his  method  of  raising 
celery,  to  any  address  free  >  f 
charge.  Also  our  illustrated 
catalogue. 
BOWKER 
fertilizer  Boston 
Company,  New  York 
“  We  state  what  we  sell ,  and  sell 
what  we  stale.  ” 
Burr-Stone  Grinding:  Mills 
We  offer  you  the  best  mill  on  the 
market  at  such  a  low  figure  it  will 
pay  you  to  write  to  us.  They  are 
the  best  constructed,  least  complicated 
and  fastest  grinding  mills  yet  pro- 
duced-  SATISFACTION 
6UAKASTEE#. 
d  Set.  stamp 
our  48-page 
1 1 11  at  rated 
atulogue. 
LEONARD  D 
HARRISON, 
E,  NEW  HAVEN,  C01C 
( 
Clod  Crusher  and  Leveler. 
PRICE  about  the  same  as  a  common 
drag,  or  say  40  per  cent  less  than  the 
old  style  Acme. 
It  does  the  “whole  business”  from  start 
to  finish,  viz.,  it  “  digs,”  crushes,  pulver¬ 
izes,  levels  and  smoothes,  all  in  one  oper¬ 
ation.  Cuts  over  the  entire  surface  of  the 
ground.  SENT  ON  TRIAL. 
DUANE  II.  NASH, 
SOLE  MANUFACTURER. 
Hillinffton,  jVcw  Jersey. 
N.  B.— I  deliver  free  on  board  at  convenient  dis- 
I  tributing  depots.  (Mention  this  paper.) 
1 492  I  892 
coLUMBus"*—:,11;: 
reasonable  to  expect  that  his  namesake  will 
turn  It  to  good  advantage. 
THE  COLUMBIA  CHILLED  PLOWS 
are  unexcelled  for  light  draft,  ease  of  hand¬ 
ling,  good  work  and  wearing  qualities.  Our 
points  and  castings  outwear  all  others. 
Send  for  circular.  Mention  this  paper. 
COLUMBIA  PLOW  WORKS, 
P.  O.  Copake  Iron  Works,  Columbia  Co..  N.  Y. 
PRAY  YOUR  TREES.  $1 7  SL!H.S5.5  0 
Makes  3  Complete  Brass  Machines,  will  spray  io  acres  per  day. 
A  Valuable  lU’d  Book  (worth  $5.00)  on"  Our  Insect  Foes given  to  each  purchaser.  Our  agents 
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Free.  Mention  this  paper  Address: 
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SPRAY  PUMPS 
■^.MSIVeY  I  DOUBLE  i  THOUSANDS 
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WRITE  FOR  P  ARTIC  U  LARS,  PRICES,  ETC.j 
BL  F.E.MYEPSaBRO.  Ashland.O. 
t.t.  SPRING  CROPS  Increased 
in  Quantity  and  Quality  by  the  use  ef  oar 
FERTILIZERS 
A  full  line  BONE  SUPER  PHOSPHATES  for  all  crops  and  soila. 
After  using  one  of  these  brands  for  your  General  Spring  Crops  do  not  fail  to 
use  onr  POTATO  FERTILIZER  on  your  POTATOES.  Address 
THE  CLEVELAND  DRYER  CO. 
Offices— zj,  14  *nd  15  Wlok  JUoek,  CtSVBiAOT,  OHIO. 
AGENTS 
WANTED 
UNIVERSAL  WEEDER  &  CULTIVATOR 
and  used  by  the  best  Farmers  throughout  the  country. 
The  Weeder  has  come  to  stay ; 
no  doubt  about  that.” 
T.  B.  TERRY. 
“  I  can  not  see  how  any  progress¬ 
ive  farmer  can  do  without  one.” 
J.  S.  WOODWARD. 
Send  for 
Circular 
and 
PriceList _ _ 
“  The  Weeder  keeps  the  laud  clean  and  mellow,  and  is  just  what  I  have 
been  wanting  for  years.”  WALDO  F.  BROWN. 
THE  UNIVERSAL  WEEDER  CO.,  North  Weare,  N.  H. 
General  Agents :  THE  GEO.  L.  SQUIER  MFG  CO..  New  York.  N.  Y.;  JOHN  FOSTER,  Rochester,  N.  Y- 
A  secoud  year's  trial  convinces 
me  more  thau  ever  of  its  value." 
JOHN  GOULD. 
“  It  fully  supersedes  the  hoc,  doiug 
better  work  and  ten  times  as  fast." 
W.  I.  CHAMBERLAIN. 
For  Over  Thirty  Years 
always  had  very  pleasant  dealings  together,  the 
and  myself,  and  I  again  have  the  pleasure  of 
presenting  to  them  my  Annual  Vegetable  and 
Flower  Seed  Catalogue.  It  contains  the  usual 
immense  variety  of  seed,  with  such  new  kinds  added 
as  have  proved  to  be  real  acquisitions.  Raisingmany 
of  these  varieties  myself,  on  my  four  seed  farms, 
and  testing  others,  I  am  able  to  warrant  their  fresh¬ 
ness  and  purity,  under  such  reasonable  conditions  as  are  con¬ 
tained  in  my  Catalogue.  Having  been  their  original  intro¬ 
ducer,  I  am  headquarters  for  choice  Cory  Corn,  Miller  Melon. 
Eclipse  Beet,  Hubbard  Squash,  Deep  Head,  All  Seasons  and 
Warren  Cabbage.  Etc.,  Etc.  Catalogue  FJKEE  to  all. 
J.  J.  II.  GREGORY  «fc  SUN,  Marblehead,  Mali. 
1892. 
1892. 
RAPE*VINEO 
Largest  StockiFinest  Duality!  Reliable! greatest  inducements. 
O 
INTRODUCERS  OF  THE 
NEW  EARLY  BLACK  GRAPE 
~EARLY-OHIO=' 
IO  DAYS  EARLIER  THAN 
NIAGARAvW0RDENvEAT0N:M0YER&C.,| 
AND  ALL  VARIETtiS.OlD  AND  NEW,  ALSO  5MALI-FRUIT5  WARHANYID  TRUE.  1 
new  illustrated  descriptive  catalogue  Free 
mention  tmij Pati.  C  S  GURTICE  CO  •  PORTLAND.  NY- 
