1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
3i9 
What  Others  Say. 
( Continued .) 
In  reply  to  the  solicitations  of  inquir¬ 
ing  friends  it  may  be  said  that  the  suit 
brought  against  The  R.  N.-Y.  by  J.  L. 
Childs  has  not  yet  been  tried.  We  are 
waiting . 
Bacteria  in  Street  Dust. — The  Brit¬ 
ish  Medical  Journal,  according  to  the 
Agricultural  Science,  presents  some  re¬ 
sults  of  elaborate  investigations  by  Dr. 
Luigi  Manfredi  upon  dust  from  the 
streets  of  Naples.  He  found  on  the  aver¬ 
age  761,521,000  micro-organisms  per  gram 
of  dust,  ranging  from  10,000,000  in  dust 
from  the  cleanest  streets  to  5,000,000,000 
in  that  from  the  filthiest  streets.  The 
health  of  the  districts  was  in  direct  pro¬ 
portion  to  the  number  of  micro-organisms 
present,  many  of  which  were  recognized 
as  pathogenic  germs.  Careful  tests  of  the 
infective  power  of  the  dust  gave  positive 
results  in  73  per  cent  of  the  experiments.. 
Bulletin  85  of  the  Michigan  Experi¬ 
ment  Station  is  a  report  of  various  potato 
tests  by  L.  R.  Taft.  Trials  for  three 
seasons  to  answer  the  question,  “Shall 
we  plant  the  seed  end?”  result  in  an 
affirmative  answer.  The  average  com¬ 
parative  yield  for  the  three  years  is : 
Stem  end  pieces,  173  bu.  marketable  per  acre ;  38  small. 
Middle  pieces,  143  “  “  “  “  45  “ 
Seed  end  pieces,  183  “  “  “  “  30  “ 
The  seed  pieces,  whether  stem  end, 
middle  or  seed  end  were  cut  from  the 
same  tubers . 
For  three  years  the  Michigan  Station 
has  tried  to  find  out  the  most  profitable 
size  for  seed.  The  result  is  marked  : 
■/. 
Market  average  for  3  y’s  177.5  169.4  135.3  121.3  00.8 
Average  amount  of  seed  58.9  28.6  14.7  7.5  4.3 
Net  gain  per  acre .  118.6  HO. 8  120.6  113.8  95.5 
The  Michigan  Station  reports  the  re¬ 
sults  of  using  fertilizers  under  and  over 
the  seed  pieces.  Thus  far  “  fertilizer 
under  ”  has  the  advantage,  but  the  re¬ 
sults  might  have  been  reversed  had  there 
been  “rain  enough  to  dissolve  and  carry 
down  the  plant  food  placed  above  the 
seed.” . 
Mr.  Taft  concludes,  as  to  the  applica¬ 
tion  of  plant  food,  that  even  on  fairly 
rich  soil,  manure  or  fertilizers  can  be 
used  with  profit.  When  manure  cannot 
be  obtained  without  hauling  two  or  three 
miles,  500  pounds  of  mixed  chemicals  or 
of  some  good  brand  of  commercial  fer¬ 
tilizer  will  be  cheaper  to  use,  and  will  be 
a  profitable  investment . 
J.  W.  Grontage,  of  Toronto,  Canada, 
writes : 
“  In  the  talks  about  peas  in  The  R. 
N.-Y.  there  is  a  strange  conservatism. 
Champion  of  England,  so  far  as  I  ever 
knew,  is  obsolete  in  the  Old  Country, 
and  yet  it  is  a  standard  pea  here  ;  Mar¬ 
rowfat,  largely  grown  on  this  side,  is 
there  only  a  tradition.  My  experience 
with  American  Wonder — and  I  have 
grown  it  many  years — is  that  it  is  scarce¬ 
ly  worth  the  trouble  of  growing,  and  it 
is  quite  incomprehensible  that  peas  like 
Evolution  and  Pride  of  the  Market  should 
be  so  highly  praised  for  their  quality 
when  they  are  so  deficient  in  this  respect. 
I  never  could  find  any  quality  in  these 
round,  blue  peas  such  as  Fillbasket, 
Supreme,  etc.  The  two  peas  that  stand 
at  the  head  are  in  my  opinion,  Telephone 
and  Veitch’s  Perfection.” . 
The  first  planting  of  green  peas  was 
made  April  5.  They  were  Nott’s  Excel¬ 
sior,  Small  French  Peas  (Petit  Pois)  used 
by  canners  as  their  best  variety,  and 
Marblehead  Early  Marrowfat  which  are 
said  to  have  a  peculiarly  rich  flavor  for  a 
Marrowfat . 
The  second  planting  of  peas  was 
about  May  1  as  follows :  The  Stanley 
(H.  A.  Dreer),  18  inches  tall,  a  cross 
between  Telephone  and  American  Won¬ 
der  ;  The  Charmer  (James  Vick),  3%  feet; 
Profusion  (W.  A.  Burpee),  three  feet; 
Ne  Plus  Ultra  (Thorburn  &  Co.),  five  feet 
and  said  to  be  the  most  popular  late  pea 
now  in  the  English  Market ;  John  Bull 
(Thorburn)  three  feet — like  Stratagem, 
but  said  to  be  better  ;  Heroine,  three  feet, 
intermediate  ;  Evolution,  late,  height  not 
given  ;  Gladiator,  three  feet,  season  not 
given  ;  Chelsea,  one  foot,  early — all  from 
P.  Henderson  &  Co . 
Seedsmen  should  never  fail  to  tell  their 
patrons  the  height  of  vines  in  good  soil 
and  the  season  of  the  maturing  of  the 
peas,  sweet  corn,  etc.,  they  have  to  offer. 
On  April  26,  the  following  kinds  of 
sweet  corn  were  planted  at  the  Rural 
Grounds:  First  of  All  (H.  A.  Dreer), 
Lackey’s  Early  (J.  J.  H.  Gregory),  Gold 
Coin,  second  year  (A.  W.  Livingston), 
Country  Gentleman  (P.  Henderson  & 
Co.),  Mammoth,  Stowell’s  Evergreen  and 
the  Red  Evergreen . 
There  may  be  varieties,  Squantum 
for  instance,  better  than  Stowell’s  Ever¬ 
green,  but  we  prefer  it  for  the  latest  and 
for  succession.  Additional  plantings  will 
be  made  until  July  4 . 
Friends  should  not  forget  or  neglect 
the  old  Virginian  Lungwort  or  Cowslip, 
Mertensia  Virginica  or  Pulmonaria  Vir¬ 
ginia.  It  belongs  to  the  Borage  family 
and  grows  wild  in  many  parts  of  New 
York,  Ohio,  Wisconsin,  Virginia  and 
southward.  The  corolla  is  an  inch  long, 
of  a  rich  blue  color.  These  flowers  are 
borne  in  drooping  clusters  upon  stems 
(hardy  herbaceous)  a  foot  or  so  high. 
Perhaps  M.  Sibirica,  bearing  blue  flowers 
from  May  to  July,  is  more  desirable  than 
Virginica . 
It  was  in  1887  that  we  tried  the  Polaris 
Potato  sent  to  us  by  Dr.  T.  H.  Hoskins, 
of  Newport,  Vermont.  The  same  year 
Polaris  from  the  Department  of  Agricul¬ 
ture  was  tried.  The  Polaris  from  Dr. 
Hoskins  proved  to  be  about  as  early  as 
Beauty  of  Hebron  and  so  like  the  Early 
Puritan  that  the  one  could  not  be  dis¬ 
tinguished  from  the  other  in  any  way,  as 
was  stated  at  the  time.  The  Department 
of  Agriculture  Polaris  proved  to  be  a  late 
potato,  and  different  from  the  other  in 
shape,  eyes,  etc.  Our  records  do  not 
give  the  origin  of  either . 
An  Abundance  (Botan)  I’lum  tree  was 
received  from  J.  T.  Lovett  during  April 
of  1890.  It  is  now  (April  25)  full  of  buds 
and  flowers . 
Mr.  Jack  Hatt  of  Argentine,  Genesee 
County,  Michigan,  according  to  a  sworn 
statement  in  a  circular  sent  us  by  a  sub¬ 
scriber,  has  found  a  sure  and  easy  method 
of  killing  cut  worms.  By  the  use  of  com¬ 
mon  mullein  leaves  (Verbacum  tliapsus) 
he  caught  in  the  summer  of  1890,  10 
quarts  of  cut  worms  on  two  acres  of 
ground.  During  the  summer  of  1891  he 
caught  80,000.  “On  May  25” — so  reads 
the  affidavit — “  I  shipped  15  pounds  to 
the  Michigan  Agricultural  College.” 
Other  affidavits  declare  that  certain 
farmers  of  Michigan  “  by  placing  mullein 
plants  on  the  ground  ”  have  caught  im¬ 
mense  quantities  in  a  few  hours.” . 
Direct. 
- New  Hampsiire  Bulletin:  “It  is 
hoped  that  the  people  of  this  State 
will  be  cautious  about  paying  ex¬ 
orbitant  prices,  like  $8  per  100  pounds, 
for  so-called  ‘  concentrated  cattle  foods  ’ 
when  cotton-seed  and  gluten  meals  can 
be  purchased  for  one-sixth  of  that  price, 
and  sulphur,  salts,  etc.,  for  a  few  cents 
per  pound.” 
- Prof.  Huxley  :  “  It  has  become  im¬ 
possible  for  any  man  to  keep  pace  with 
the  progress  of  the  whole  of  any  impor¬ 
tant  branch  of  science.” 
“  It  looks  as  if  the  scientific,  like  other 
revolutions,  meant  to  devour  its  own 
children ;  as  if  the  growth  of  science 
tended  to  overwhelm  its  votaries ;  as  if 
the  man  of  science  of  the  future  were 
condemned  to  diminish  into  a  narrower 
and  narrower  specialist  as  time  goes  on. 
- Popular  Science  Monthly:  “We 
are  told  that  ‘  a  good  condensing  engine 
of  large  size,  supplied  with  good  boilers, 
consumes  two  pounds  of  coal  per  horse¬ 
power  per  hour.  ’  The  work  involved  in 
the  process  of  exhalation  from  one  acre 
of  corn  would,  therefore,  be  equivalent 
to  the  work  of  more  than  25  horses  day 
and  night,  without  cessation,  for  six 
months.” 
- New  York  Tribune:  “Mr.  E.  G. 
Fowler,  who  gave  The  Orange  County 
Farmer  a  national  reputation,  is  now 
regularly  engaged  with  The  Rural  New- 
Y'orker.  The  relationship  is  anonymous; 
he  is  the  ‘  silent  partner,’  so  to  speak,  but 
the  paper’s  columns  show  of  late  his 
always  characteristic,  unique  and  useful 
individuality.  Long  success  to  the  happy 
combination !  ” 
- Farm  Journal:  “It  may  seem  all 
wrong  that  nobody  can  succeed  at  farm¬ 
ing  who  does  not  pay  strict  regal'd  to  the 
economies  of  life,  but  such  is  the  fact. 
There  is  not  a  prosperous  farmer  in  my 
section  who  is  not  an  economist,  watch¬ 
ing  his  outgoes  with  constant  vigilance, 
and  spending  less  than  he  is  inclined  to.” 
“  Yes,  our  wants  have  increased  and 
multiplied  faster  than  our  income,  and 
we  are  poor  because  we  hanker  after  an 
easier,  fuller,  more  comfortable  life  than 
that  of  our  forefathers.  We  want  more 
than  they  had  of  the  good  things  of  this 
life,  and  we  want  fewer  of  their  hard¬ 
ships.  These  wants  are  costly  and  keep 
us  poor.” 
‘  *  Mark  this  prophecy  :  The  time  will 
come  when  consumers  will  prefer  to  pay 
12  cents  a  quart  for  milk  made  solely 
from  wheat  bran,  corn  meal  and  clover 
hay,  rather  than  to  pay  six  cents  a  quart 
for  that  made  of  corn  fodder,  cake  meal, 
brewers’  grains,  and  the  other  things  so 
commonly  fed  to  the  cows.  Quality  milk, 
from  healthy  cows,  served  in  clean  glass 
jars,  is  going  to  take  the  place  of  a  por¬ 
tion  of  the  quantity  milk  now  upon  the 
market.  There  will  be  a  margin  of  profit 
in  quality  milk,  which  is  now  disputed  in 
the  matter  of  quantity  milk.” 
- F.  H.  Valentine  in  Farm  and  Fire¬ 
side:  “There  is  now,  in  New  York, 
scarcely  any  demand  for  pop-corn.  I 
know  of  men  who  have  considerable 
quantities  of  the  crop  of  1890  on  hand, 
besides  the  crop  of  1891,  and  they  cannot 
get  an  offer  for  it  that  is  worth  consid¬ 
ering.” 
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