1892 
4i5 
What  Others  Say. 
(Continued.) 
none  for  home  use  ;  in  fact,  the  crop  is 
engaged  in  advance  of  harvest,  and  the 
supply  rarely  of  late  years  is  sufficient  to 
meet  the  demand.  Last  fall  there  was  a 
pretty  good  yield  of  Newtowns,  and  yet 
persons  who  wanted  a  few  barrels  to 
send  to  friends  abroad  were  compelled 
to  pay  as  high  as  $6  to  $8  a  barrel  for  se¬ 
lected  fruit . 
Moreover,  while  the  demand  for  New¬ 
town  Pippins  is  continually  increasing, 
the  supply  is  rapidly  falling  off,  and  yet 
no  special  effort  appears  to  be  made  to 
renovate  the  old  orchards  or  plant  many 
new  ones  in  those  regions  where  this 
variety  has  been  so  long  and  successfully 
cultivated . 
Harper’s  Weekly,  speaking  of  food 
adulterations,  says  that  many  of  them 
are  not  unwholesome,  but  they  are  dis¬ 
honest  in  the  same  sense  as  selling  calico 
for  silk  would  be.  It  is  swindling  in  the 
same  sense  that  passing  counterfeit 
money  is  so  ;  swindling  in  the  same  sense 
that  selling  an  old  plant  for  a  new  one  is 
so.  Do  the  merchants  who  perpetrate 
such  frauds  do  so  in  ignorance  of  the 
great  crimes  they  are  committing  ?  The 
depravity  and  soullessness  necessary  to 
bring  a  man  to  such  a  depth  would  take 
him  entirely  outside  of  the  pretence  of 
respectability  and  place  him  among  the 
classes  that  the  police  keep  under  sur¬ 
veillance  because  they  are  criminal . 
The  associations  of  dairymen  have  made 
a  great  fight  against  the  mixture  of  oleo¬ 
margarine,  lard  and  cotton-seed  oil  with 
butter.  This  fight  has  led  to  the  passage 
of  stringent  laws  in  many  States  and  to  a 
national  law  also.  A  more  determined  re¬ 
sistance  to  this  fraud  has  been  made  than 
against  any  other,  and  yet  chemists  tell 
us  that  the  mixture  is  not  unwholesome. 
That  it  is  a  fraud  is  enough  to  condemn 
the  practice.  Why  then  may  not  we  have 
State  and  national  laws  against  those 
florists  and  seedsmen  who  sell  the  old 
Thousand-Fold  Rye  as  “  New  Challenge;” 
the  old  Gandy  as  First  Seasons ;  a  worth¬ 
less  blackberry  as  an  Everbearing  Tree 
Blackberry  ;  an  old  six-rowed  barley  as 
a  new  barley  ;  a  comparatively  worthless 
Japan  raspberry  as  the  most  valuable 
novelty  ever  introduced  ?  Such  mixtures 
are  “  unwholesome,”  not  from  a  hygienic 
point  of  view,  but  as  a  licensed  way  of  de¬ 
frauding  the  public . 
Dr.  E.  H.  Jenkins,  whose  statements 
are  worthy  of  consideration  only  less 
than  those  of  Prof.  S.  M.  Johnson,  says 
in  the  excellent  New  England  Farmer, 
that  a  dressing  of  salt  sometimes  has  a 
very  marked  effect  on  the  following  crop. 
So  also  may  an  application  of  carbonate 
of  soda.  The  same  is  true  of  copperas 
and  other  salts.  But  this  does  not  prove 
or  even  indicate  that  these  salts  can  in 
any  way  “  replace”  potash  in  the  plant. 
They  no  doubt  increase  the  solubility  of 
the  plant  food  in  the  soil.  Both  potash 
and  soda  are  necessary  to  the  plant. 
Neither  can  wholly  replace  the  other, 
though  the  quantity  of  soda  which  is  ab¬ 
solutely  necessary  is  extremely  small. 
Our  New  England  soils  are  much  more 
likely  to  be  deficient  in  potash  than  in 
soda  and  this  deficiency  no  amount  of 
soda  in  fertilizers  can  make  good . 
Prof.  W.  F.  Massey,  in  the  Weekly 
Press,  says  that  the  Northern  man  going 
to  North  Carolina  may  rest  assured  that 
good,  active  farmers  or  any  other  good 
citizens  will  always  meet  a  warm  welcome 
no  matter  what  their  political  opinions 
may  be.  He  will  find  farm  labor  cheap 
and  abundant.  Negroes,  when  properly 
treated,  are  the  best  general  farm  labor¬ 
ers  to  be  found  anywhere.  While  land 
is  cheap  and  labor  low,  a  fair  cash  capi¬ 
tal  is  as  important  to  the  farmer  there  as 
anywhere,  and  he  would  advise  no  man 
to  buy  a  farm  unless  he  can  pay  for  it 
and  have  cash  enough  to  carry  him  for  12 
months  at  least.  No  matter  what  par¬ 
ticular  line  of  farming  is  undertaken,  it 
should  be  remembered  that  while  Red 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
Clover  thrives  in  some  parts  of  the  State 
as  well  as  it  does  anywhere,  over  much 
the  larger  part  of  it,  the  ‘  ‘  clover  of  the 
South,”  the  cow- pea,  is  the  sheet  anchor 
of  successful  farming,  and  you  can  no 
more  afford  to  ignore  it  than  you  can 
clover  in  the  North . 
Secretary  Rusk  says  that  since  the 
agitation  in  regard  to  the  cruel  treat¬ 
ment  of  animals  at  sea  began — 10  months 
ago — the  Department  has  reduced  the 
amount  of  deaths  among  cattle  at  sea 
from  16  per  cent  to  one  per  cent — on 
$25,000,000  worth  exported  annually,  a 
saving  of  $3,750,000  worth  of  cattle  annu¬ 
ally . 
June  8. — Of  70  kinds  of  strawberries 
being  tried  at  the  Rural  Grounds  this 
season,  we  are  to-day  picking  from 
Michel,  Shuster,  Smith  No.  5,  Farns¬ 
worth,  Wentzell,  Iowa  Beauty,  Gen. 
Putnam,  Beder  Wood,  Tippecanoe,  Bev¬ 
erly,  Hunt  No.  3  and  Southard.  The 
above  are  among  the  earliest.  It  will  be 
seen  that  Lovett’s  Early  is  not  among 
them,  though  this  variety  is  bearing  a 
large  amount  of  green  berries . 
Those  interested  in  the  results  of  cross¬ 
ing  corn — pop,  dent,  sweet  and  flint — will 
find  bulletin  No.  31  of  the  Illinois  Experi¬ 
ment  Station  (Champaign)  interesting 
and  instructive.  The  bulletin  is  illus¬ 
trated  with  well  executed  photo-engrav¬ 
ings . 
Every  farm  of  25  acres  should  have  at 
least  one  acre  of  woods,  and  larger  farms 
proportionately  larger  groves  or  woods. 
Select  the  choicest  American  trees,  the 
finest  chestnuts,  hickorynuts,  etc . 
Prof.  Baii.ey’s  experiments  in  plant¬ 
ing  cabbages  at  various  depths  reminds 
The  R.  N.-Y.  of  a  similar  trial  it  made 
about  12  years  ago.  It  was  to  ascertain 
whether  the  plants  would-  make  larger 
or  smaller,  more  or  less  solid,  heads  if 
the  leaves  of  the  plants  were  left  on  or 
cut  off.  All  the  leaves  of  about  50  plants 
were  set  as  taken  up  from  the  seed-bed. 
The  leaves  of  50  others,  all  except  the 
central,  small,  latest  leaf,  were  cut  off. 
There  was  no  appreciable  difference  in 
the  size  or  weight  of  the  two  lots  at  har¬ 
vest.  It  is  probable  that  the  outer  leaves 
of  cabbage  plants  do  neither  good  nor 
harm.  They  usually  die  before  the  plants 
start  into  new  growth . 
Here  is  a  concise  summary  of  results 
thus  far  obtained  from  potato  experi¬ 
ments  at  the  Utah  Agricultural  College 
Experiment  Station,  as  conducted  by  E. 
S.  Richman,  the  Horticulturist : 
1.  Increasing  the  size  of  the  pieces  of 
seed  potatoes  planted  increases  the 
yield,  but  it  is  questionable  if  pieces 
larger  than  fourths  will  yield  enough 
more  to  pay  for  the  extra  amount  of  seed 
required. 
2.  Seed  from  stem  end  of  potato  yielded 
better  than  from  seed  end — result  of  one 
year’s  trial. 
3.  So  far  as  tried,  no  results  that  would 
lead  to  any  conclusion  have  been  ob¬ 
tained  from  the  use  of  large  and  small 
potatoes  for  seed. 
4.  Level  cultivation  of  potatoes  gave 
better  results  than  ridged  cultivation 
with  potatoes  ;  (second  year’s  trial.) 
5.  Hoffman,  Governor  Rusk  and  Rural 
New-Yorker  No.  2  are  the  most  promis¬ 
ing  new  potatoes  tried. 
6.  Kerosene  emulsion  was  the  safest 
and  surest  insecticide  used  to  rid  vege¬ 
tables  of  insects . 
Abstracts. 
- New  York  Tribune  :  “  A  polite  man 
is  described  by  The  Philadelphia  Record 
as  ‘one  who  listens  with  interest  to  things 
he  knows  all  about  when  they  are  being 
told  by  a  person  who  knows  nothing 
about  them’.” 
- The  Formal  Garden:  “A  clipped 
yew  tree  is  as  much  a  part  of  Nature  as  a 
forest  oak.  It  is  no  more  unnatural  to 
clip  a  yew  tree  than  to  cut  grass.” 
- London  Garden  :  “  Clipping  such 
trees  does  not  merely  deserve  obloquy  ; 
it  is  worse  than  idiotic,  as  there  is  a  sad 
reason  for  the  idiotic  ways.” 
“  What  right  have  we  to  deform  things 
given  us  so  perfect  and  lovely  in  form  ? 
No  cramming  of  Chinese  feet  into  impos¬ 
sible  shoes  is  half  so  wicked  as  the  willful 
distortion  of  the  divinely  beautiful  forms 
of  trees.” 
- Christian  Union:  “Not  a  better 
club,  but  a  better  home,  is  the  true  speci¬ 
fic  for  the  saloon.” 
- New  York  Tribune  :  “  In  my  own 
home  I  think  more  of  my  trees  than  I  do 
of  my  house,  and  I  have  a  good  one  too.” 
- Cotton  Blossom  Club:  “  It  makes  a 
heap  of  difference  whether  yo’  lose  yo’r 
wallet  or  find  somebody  else’s  in  de  road. 
In  de  one  case  honesty  am  de  best  policy  ; 
in  de  odder  yo'  walk  about  fo’  weeks  to 
think  it  ober.” 
- CHURcn  Union  :  “Money  often  wasted 
in  expensive  funerals  and.monuments  for 
the  dead  might  be  much  more  profitably 
spent  in  helping  the  living.” 
- Harper’s  Weekly:  “The  feeling  of 
hostility  between  accumulated  and  ac¬ 
cumulating  riches,  for  such  are  what 
are  called  capital  and  labor,  is  due  to  the 
abuse  of  fortune,  not  to  its  mere  posses¬ 
sion.” 
- Dr.  T.  H.  Hoskins:  “One  of  our  most 
widely  circulated  and  carefully  edited  ex¬ 
changes  some  time  since  sent  out  circu¬ 
lars  to  its  readers,  requesting  to  know 
what  it  could  do  to  make  its  columns  more 
valuable  to  them.  Seventy-five  per  cent 
of  those  who  responded  wanted  more 
stories.  Not  one  asked  for  more  instruc¬ 
tion  in  fruit  culture.” 
Ip  you  name  The  U.  N.-Y.  to  our  advertisers  you 
may  be  pretty  sure  of  prompt  replies  and  right  treat¬ 
ment. 
„  _  „ _ JMOnoUM  b«Ub.  11852. 
drain  tile  and  pipe  works 
76  Third  Avenue.  ALBANY.  N.  Y. 
AND  SOLE 
Akro 
axed  Pipe.  I” 
Brick  and  Cement. 
.  3  si 
AND  CrrEL*-^ 
Gem  tower 
When  furnished  with  Graphite  BearlnsiJ 
the  GK.H  WIND  ENGINE  requires  n 7/ 
oiling,  no  climbing  of  towers,  no  hinged  or/ 
frail-jointed  towers,  and  practically  no  atten -/ 
tion,  yet  is  guaranteed  more  durable  than/ 
other  Mills  that  are  oiled.  Truly  a  Q EM,/ 
and  worth  its  weight  in  gold.  The  / 
GEM  STEEL  TOWER  is  made  trian-j 
gular  in  shape,  the  corners  and  girts  being/ 
of  angle  steel ;  the  braces  are  steel  rods,  each  | 
of  which  can  be  firmly  drawn  up,  inde  / 
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strength,  durability  and  simplicity  to  the/ 
greatest  degree,  and  is  much  more  easily/ 
erected  than  a  tower  made  of  wood,  f 
We  al»o  manufacture  the  Celebratedl 
HALLADAY  Standard  Pump-J 
ing  and  Geared  Wind  Mills,  the/ 
Standard  VANELESS  and  U. S.  f 
SOLID  WHEEL  Wind  Mill.,/ 
Pumps,  Tanks,  HORSE  HAYJ 
TOOLS,  and  the  most  com*/ 
plete  line  of  WIND  MILL/ 
SPECIALTIES. 
Send  for  catalogue.  Address 
U.  S.  WIND  ENGINE  & 
PUMP  CO., 
BATAVIA,  ILL..U.S.A.' 
BRANCH  OFFICES:  I  DEPOTS! 
Omaha,  Neb.;  Kansas  City,  Mo.  |  Boston,  Mass.;  Ft.  Worth,  Tex, 
SPOKANE. 
Surrounding  Spokane  is  the  richest 
farming  country  in  the  world.  Great  in¬ 
ducements  for  dairying,  gardening,  fruit 
growing,  stock-raising,  hay-growing  and 
general  farming.  Land  purchased  at 
the  present  prices  will  double  in  value 
within  three  years.  Excellent  markets. 
We  want  intelligent  young  men  with 
some  capital.  Only  six  to  eight  weeks  of 
winter ;  no  blizzards,  no  cyclones,  no 
floods.  You  can  reach  Spokane  from  the 
East  by  the  Great  Northern,  Northern 
Pacific,  Union  Pacific,  or  the  Canadian 
Pacific  railroad. 
For  further  information  address 
CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE, 
SPOKANE,  WASHINGTON. 
Money  Books. 
The  Business  Hen;  Breeding  and  Feed¬ 
ing  Poultry  for  Profit. — By  H.  W. 
Collingwood,  P.  H.  Jacobs,  J.  H. 
Drevenstedt,  C.  S.  Cooper,  C.  S. 
Valentine,  Arthur  D.  Warner,  Henry 
Stewart,  Philander  Williams,  James 
Rankin,  Henry  Hales,  I.  K.  Felch, 
Dr.  F.  L.  Kilborne,  C.  H.  Wyckoff, 
H.  S.  Babcock,  C.  E-  Chapman,  etc. 
We  believe  that  this  little  book  will  meet  with  a 
hearty  re ceptlon  at  the  hands  of  all  of  that  vast  num¬ 
ber  of  people  who  are  Interested  In  the  doings  of  "the 
little  American  hen,  ’  and  especially  In  the  methods 
by  which  practical  poultrymen  make  her  so  profitable 
an  egg  and  meat  machine.  Price,  cloth,  75  cents; 
paper,  40  cents. 
The  New  Potato  Culture. — By  Elbert 
S.  Carman,  editor  of  The  Rural 
New-Yorker  ;  originator  of  the  Fore¬ 
most  of  Potatoes — Rural  New-Yorker 
No.  2.  This  book  gives  the  result  of 
15  years’  experiment  work  on  the 
Rural  Grounds 
How  to  increase  the  crop  without  corresponding 
cost  of  production.  Manures  and  Fertilizers.  The 
Soli.  Depth  of  Planting.  Seed.  Culture.  The  Rural 
Trench  System.  Varieties,  etc.  It  Is  respectfully 
submitted  that  these  experiments  at  the  Rural 
Grounds  have,  directly  and  Indirectly,  thrown  more 
light  upon  the  various  problems  Involved  In  success¬ 
ful  potato  culture  than  any  other  experiments  which 
have  been  carried  on  in  America.  Price,  cloth,  75 
cents;  paper,  40  cents. 
Chemicals  and  Clover. — Rural  Library 
Sei'ies.  (105tli  thousand)  By  H.  W. 
Collingwood. 
A  concise  and  practical  discussion  of  the  all-im¬ 
portant  topic  of  commercial  fertilizers,  In  connection 
with  green  manuring  In  bringing  up  worn-out  soils, 
and  In  general  farm-practice.  Price,  paper,  20  cents. 
Practical  Farm  Chemistry. — A  Prac¬ 
tical  Handbook  of  Profitable  Crop- 
Feeding  written  for  Practical  Men.— 
By  T.  Greiner. 
Part  I.  The  Raw  Materials  of  Plant-Food.  Part 
II.  The  Available  Sources  of  Supply.  Part  III. 
Principles  of  Economic  Application,  or  Manuring  for 
Money.  A  concise,  practical  work,  written  In  simple 
style,  adapted  to  the  wants  of  the  practical  farmer. 
Perhaps  the  best  and  most  understandable  book  yet 
written.  Price,  cloth.  $1. 
The  Nursery  Book. — By  L.  H.  Bailey: 
assisted  by  several  of  the  most  skill¬ 
ful  propagators  in  the  world.  In 
fact,  it  is  a  careful  compendium  of 
the  best  practice  in  all  countries.  It 
contains  107  illustrations,  showing 
methods,  processes  and  appliances. 
How  to  Propagate  over  2,000  varieties  of  shrubs, 
trees  and  herbaceous  or  soft-stemmed  plants:  the 
process  for  each  being  fully  described.  All  this  and 
much  more  Is  fully  told  In  the  Nursery  Book.  Over 
200  pages.  ltimo.  Price,  cloth,  fl.  Pocket  style,  paper 
narrow  margins,  50  cents. 
Horticulturist’s  Rule-Book. — By  L,  H. 
Bailey.  It  contains,  in  handy  and 
concise  form,  thousands  of  rules  and 
recipes  required  by  gardeners,  fruit¬ 
growers,  truckers,  florists,  farmers. 
Insects  and  diseases,  with  preventives  and  reme¬ 
dies.  Waxes  and  washes,  cements,  paints,  etc.  Seed 
Tahi.es.  Planting  Tables.  Maturity  and 
Yields.  Keeping  and  storing  frultB  and  vegetables. 
Propagation  or  Plants.  Standard  Measures 
and  Sizes.  Water  held  In  pipes  and  tanks.  Effect 
of  wind  in  cooling  glass  roofs.  Weights,  per  bushel. 
Labels.  Rules  of  nomenclature.  Rules  for  exhibi¬ 
tion.  Weather  signs  and  protection  from  frost.  Col¬ 
lecting  and  Preserving.  Chemical  Composition 
of  Fruits  and  Vegetables;  Seeds  and  Fertilizers; 
Soils  and  Minerals.  Names  and  Histories:  Vege¬ 
tables  which  have  different  names  In  England  and 
America.  Names  of  fruits  and  vegetables  In  various 
languages.  Glossary.  Calendar,  etc.,  etc.  Price, 
in  pliable  cloth  covers,  only  50  cents.  New  edition  In 
cloth  covers.  $1 ;  paper,  50  cents. 
Annals  of  Horticulture  for  1891. — By 
L.  H.  Bailey. 
As  a  work  of  reference  for  all  students  of  plants 
and  nature,  this  is  Invaluable.  An  especial  feature 
Is  a  census  of  cultivated  plants  of  American  origin. 
This  includes  ornamentals  and  esculents,  and  has 
hundreds  of  entries.  The  novelties  of  1891,  tools  and 
conveniences  of  the  year,  directories,  recent  horti¬ 
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departments  of  horticultural  effort,  are  well  worth 
many  times  the  cost  of  the  book.  (Illustrated.) 
Price,  full  cloth,  $1 ;  paper,  tXl  cts.  (The  series  now 
comprises  the  Issues  for  1889,  ’90  and  ’91;  all  at  same 
price  as  above  ) 
How  to  Plant  a  Place  ( 10th  revised  editum.) 
—By  Elias  A.  Long. 
A  brief  treatise  Illustrated  with  more  than  (50  orig¬ 
inal  engravings,  and  designed  to  cover  the  various 
matters  pertaining  to  planting  a  place.  Following 
are  the  leading  divisions:  Some  reasons  for  planting; 
What  constitutes  Judicious  planting;  Planning  a 
place  for  planting;  How  and  what  to  order  for  plant¬ 
ing;  the  soil  In  which  to  plant;  Oaring  for  the  stock 
before  planting;  On  the  sowing  of  seeds;  After  plant¬ 
ing;  Future  management  of  the  plants.  Just  the 
Milng  for  the  busy  man.  Price,  cloth.  20  cents. 
Window  Gardening. — Written  by  ex¬ 
pert  flower  and  plant  growers.  Covers 
every  phase  of  plant  culture  in  the 
house. 
A  lot  of  delightful  and  practical  articles  and  pleas¬ 
ing  Illustrations — all  on  Window  Gardening — make  up 
this  pretty  little  work.  Price,  10  cents. 
THE  RURAL  PUBLISHING  CO., 
Times  Building  New  York. 
