THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
687 
i89a 
What  Others  Say. 
(Continued.) 
salesman.  If  the  human  salesmen  need 
to  he  clean  and  well  dressed  to  command 
respect  among  the  people  he  appeals  to, 
so  should  the  paper  salesman.  If  the 
traveling  salesman  should  tell  the  truth 
about  his  stock  and  give  good  honest 
advice  to  his  confiding  customers  so 
should  the  mail  agent.  Yet  who  has 
not  seen  the  catalogue  which,  for  paral¬ 
lel  in  humanity,  should  have  the  dirty 
tramp  whom  you  would  kick  from  your 
hack  yard?  Clean  dress  and  attractive 
appearance  are  just  as  necessary  in  the 
catalogue  as  in  the  salesman . 
- “  Because  the  stems  of  some  of  the 
fruit  on  a  tree  will  readily  part  from  the 
spur  when  lifted  above  a  level  is  no  evi¬ 
dence  that  all,  or  even  the  greater  part, 
will.  After  picking  perhaps  one-fourth 
of  the  more  mature  specimens,  a  large 
portion  of  the  remainder  will  greatly  in¬ 
crease  in  size,  if  left  on  the  tree,  showing 
that  sap  is  still  passing  from  the  tree  to 
the  fruit.  Peaches,  as  is  well  known,” 
says  P.  C.  Reyno’ds  in  the  New  York 
Tribune,  “  are  never  so  sprightly  and  de¬ 
licious  and  so  wholesome,  at  any  other 
time,  as  when  picked  mellow  and  melt¬ 
ing,  and  eaten  directly  from  the  tree. 
Although  grapes  that  are  picked  unripe 
will  improve  in  cold  storage,  they  are 
never  so  luscious  as  when  picked  fully 
ripe  from  the  vine.” . 
It  would  appear  that  California  peach 
growers  are  determined  not  to  heed  such 
cautions  until  every  one  shall  have  learned 
that  the  beautiful  specimens  sent  here 
are  worthless . 
Direct. 
- Garden  and  Forest  :  “It  is  impos¬ 
sible  to  estimate  the  number  of  acres 
planted  with  Niagara  Grapes  from  East 
Varick  on  Cayuga  Lake  to  Kendaia  near 
Seneca  Lake.  Mr.  O.  F.  Reed,  at  Romu¬ 
lus,  has  the  management  of  590  acres  of 
Niagara  vineyards.  This  immense  area 
is  divided  into  three  portions,  each  owned 
by  a  different  company,  but  belonging 
to  practically  the  same  parties.  The 
King  Niagara  Vineyard  Company  owns 
150  acres,  the  Cayuga  Lake  Vineyard 
Company,  250  acres,  and  the  Seneca  Lake 
Vineyard  Company,  235  acres,  and  these 
represent  three  solid  blocks  of  the  areas 
mentioned.” 
- Harper’s  Weekly:  “Any  and  all 
efforts  that  seem  to  tend  to  a  practical 
solution  of  the  problem  how  to  get  better 
common  roads  in  the  United  States  are 
worthy  of  encouragement.  In  many 
States  there  are  societies  devoted  to  road 
improvement,  but  in  many  others  the 
movement  exhausts  itself  in  talk.  A 
union  of  all  those  who  take  an  interest 
In  the  subject  into  a  national  league  will 
strengthen  the  movement  and  hasten  the 
day  when  the  various  parts  of  the  country 
shall  be  joined  together  by  good  and  per¬ 
manent  highways,  in  place  of  the  streaks 
of  dust  and  rivers  of  mud  that  are  now 
miscalled  roadways,  but  which  disgrace 
the  name.” 
- Grover  Cleveland  :  “  Public  office 
is  a  public  trust.” 
- President  Harrison:  “I  regret  that 
I  am  unable  to  find  a  suitable  place  for 
every  deserving  friend.” 
- - Governor  Flower  :  “  I  don’t  care  a 
damn  for  Democratic  votes  or  any  other 
votes  in  a  case  like  this.” 
- Engineering  Magazine. — “One  of 
the  things  which  should  be  taught  in 
technical  schools  is  this :  That  theory 
without  practice  is  absolutely  a  worth¬ 
less  commodity  ;  that  practice  without 
theory  is  worth  about  $15  a  week,  and 
when  both  are  well  combined  in  one 
man  of  sound  judgment  the  combination 
is  worth  up  to  §10,000  a  year.” 
- Century  Magazine.  —  “The  per¬ 
fumes  that  women  wear  so  extrava¬ 
gantly  are  a  great  mistake.  Instead  of 
reminding  us  sweetly  of  flowers,  the 
flowers  are  beginning  to  remind  us  pain¬ 
fully  of  perfumes.  I  am  beginning  to 
hate  violets.” 
“It  is  so  much  more  fun  to  be  richer 
than  merely  to  be  rich.” 
“He  was  willing  to  forgive  them  him¬ 
self,  but  he  hoped  the  Lord  wouldn’t.” 
The  test  of  a  great  love — yes,  even  of 
a  supreme  passion — is  not  what  it  de¬ 
mands,  but  what  it  consents  tj  do  with¬ 
out.” 
“She  rules  me  merely  by  expecting 
things  of  me  which  I  should  be  ashamed 
not  to  be  equal  to.” 
- T.  B.  Terry:  “Drainage,  tillage, 
clover,  manure-saving  ;  this  is  the  grand 
four-horse  team  that  will  pull  any  far¬ 
mer  out  of  the  quicksands  of  debt,  if  he 
will  make  use  of  it.  The  farmer  work¬ 
ing  this  team  will  need  no  special  legis¬ 
lation  or  two  per  cent  loans.  With  this 
four-horse  team  it  was  not  difficult  to 
raise  25  to  30  bushels  of  wheat  and  150 
to  200  bushels  of  potatoes  per  acre.” 
- Christian  Union:  “  If  it  were  only 
possible  to  quarantine  for  a  suitable 
period  those  vulgar,  filthy  aud  danger¬ 
ous  women  who  sweep  their  trailing 
skirts  along  the  nameless  vileness  of  the 
streets,  carrying  into  houses  what  dan¬ 
gers  of  infection  chance  may  have  strewn 
along  their  ruthless  path,  it  would  be  an 
undisguised  blessing  to  the  helpless  suf¬ 
ferers  from  this  strange  lapse  from  a 
sense  of  decency,  so  deplorably  wide¬ 
spread.” 
- Geo.  IIussmann  in  American  Agri¬ 
culturist:  “  The  prospect  in  California 
is  gloomy  now  to  the  casual  observer. 
Ruinously  low  prices  for  grape  products, 
insects  and  diseases,  frosts  with  their 
effects,  and  stagnation  of  business,  have 
already  bankrupted  many  who  entered 
with  high  hopes  upon  this  vocation,  and 
more  will  follow  before  the  industry  can 
rise.” 
- T.  H.  Hoskins,  in  Vermont  Watch¬ 
man:  “The  United  States  are  so  fortu¬ 
nately  situated,  as  compared  with  most 
other  nations,  as  to  suffer  comparatively 
little  from  errors  of  legislation  as  to 
tariff  questions.” 
“  We  cannot  leave  politics  to  the  poli¬ 
ticians  and  he  justly  and  safely  governed. 
For  this  reason  every  citizen  should  make 
a  serious  study  of  politics.  But  citizens 
can  do  this  only  when  they  have  a  good 
understanding  of  the  nature  and  true 
province  of  popular  government.  With¬ 
out  that  they  are  liable  to  be  continually 
led  into  the  support  of  measures  injurious 
alike  to  themselves  and  to  the  whole 
country.  Therefore  we  need  better 
schools,  and  more  general  interest  in 
popular  education.” 
- Farm  Journal  :  “  Uncle  Sam's  gates 
are  left  open  too  wide.  Day  and  night 
all  sorts  of  depredators  are  coming  in  in 
the  shape  of  beggars,  anarchists,  Chi¬ 
nese,  criminals  and  cholera.  Of  the  half 
million  people  that  get  in  every  year,  how 
many  are  good  and  worthy  citizens  of 
the  places  they  come  from,  and  how  many 
will  ever  become  such  in  this  country  ? 
We  ought  to  repair  our  gates  and  place 
good  watch  on  them.  Away  with  indis¬ 
criminate  immigration.  Good  immigrants 
or  none.” 
Farmers  and  the  Tariff. 
A  joint  debate  between  a  High  Protectionist  and  a  Free  Trader.  Conditions:  Brevity  and 
truth.  What  each  writes  is  unseen  by  the  other  until  printed. 
PROTECTION  AND  FREE  TRADE. 
The  Protection  View 
The  tariff  on  potatoes  like  that  on 
barley,  eggs,  tobacco,  hay,  etc.,  is  an  ex¬ 
ample  of  a  direct  tariff  benefit  to  Ameri¬ 
can  farmers.  A  few  weeks  ago  this  note 
appeared  in  The  R.  N.-Y.  sent  from  Prince 
Edward’s  Island. 
The  potato  crop  will  aggregate  In  this  province 
12,000.000  bushels.  The  problem  Is,  where  shall  the 
Canadian  grower  tind  a  market  lor  the  coming  big 
crop?  But  nature  may  bring  her  forces  to  work 
against  the  McKinley  bill  and  you,  across  the  line 
may  want  some. 
In  the  other  Canadian  provinces  the 
crop  is  estimated  at  30,000,000  bushels. 
Protectionists  believe  that,  with  free 
trade  in  potatoes,  at  least  25,000,000 
bushels  from  Canada  would  be  sent  at 
once  to  help  glut  our  markets  while  next 
year  the  Canadian  crop  would  be  doubled 
and  still  sent  here.  Since  the  increased 
tariff  went  into  force  imports  of  pota¬ 
toes  have  dropped  from  §2,797,927  in 
1890  to  §186,000  in  1892.  Does  not  this 
mean  that  our  potato  farmers  received 
§2,618,921  for  their  crop  that  would  have 
gone  out  of  the  country  under  free  trade  ? 
The  total  difference  of  imports  on  all 
American  farm  products  since  tariff 
duties  on  them  were  raised  is  nearly 
§12,000,000.  Does  not  this  mean  that 
American  farmers  profited  to  that  ex¬ 
tent?  Canadians  pay  none  of  our  taxes 
and  take  no  real  interest  in  our  public 
affairs.  Why  should  we  make  them  a 
present  of  §5,000,000  worth  of  trade  ? 
What  would  the  American  farmers  re¬ 
ceive  in  return  ?  Potatoes  now  sell  in 
my  market  town  for  §2.25  per  bar¬ 
rel.  On  Prince  Edward’s  Island  they 
bring  75  cents  a  barrel.  Dump  their 
surplus  10,000,000  bushels  in  the  Boston 
and  New  York  markets  and  dealers 
would  at  once  drop  the  price  to  us  by 
25  cents  a  bushel,  and  we  would  be  forced 
to  sell  because  our  price  is  determined  by 
the  surplus  the  dealers  are  able  to  control 
at  a  low  rate.  The  tariff  on  potatoes  has  in¬ 
creased  our  price.  1.  By  preventing  the 
usual  glut  and  limiting  the  market  to  the 
American  grown  crop.  2.  By  preventing 
middlemen  from  using  stories  of  “  the 
big  Canadian  crop  ”  to  depress  the  mar¬ 
ket  and  frighten  farmers  into  selling 
at  unreasonable  figures.  3.  The  “  reci¬ 
procity”  feature  of  the  McKinley  Bill 
has  increased  our  export  trade  in  pota¬ 
toes  with  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico.  Our 
weekly  shipments  to  those  ports  are  now 
20,000  bushels  which  were  formerly  sup¬ 
plied  by  Canada.  Free  trade  in  potatoes 
would  at  once  fill  our  markets  with  the 
Canadian  product,  which  would  give 
middlemen  a  chance  to  secure  the  Ameri¬ 
can  crop  at  a  low  price.  Another  year 
the  Canadian  crop  would  be  doubled. 
The  only  advantage  would  be  with  Cana¬ 
dian  farmers  and  the  produce  speculators. 
If  you  name  The  R.  N.-Y.  to  our  advertisers  you 
may  be  pretty  sure  of  prompt  replies  and  right  treat¬ 
ment. 
HEADQUARTERS 
—FOB  THE  — 
LINCOLN 
CORELESS 
The  Free  Tmde  View 
In  the  weak  attempt  to  give  farmers 
some  of  the  so-called  benefits  of  “  pro¬ 
tection,”  a  “  protective”  tariff  was  put 
upon  potatoes.  The  only  farmers  whom 
this  could  affect  in  any  number  are  those 
in  the  northern  counties  of  Ohio,  New 
York  and  Maine,  shutting  out  the  pota¬ 
toes  of  their  brothers  across  the  line  in 
Canada  from  the  benefits  of  our  larger 
markets.  Is  that  right,  or  manly,  or 
Christian  ?  Answer  for  yourselves.  Is  it 
good  business  ?  The  lake  towns  are  the 
“horde  markets”  of  the  farmers  of  the 
northern  tier  of  counties.  To-day  in  the 
majority  of  them  trade  and  industry 
languish ;  hundreds  of  ships  and  tug 
boats  lie  idle  at  the  deserted  wharfs, 
where  under  greater  freedom  of  trade 
with  Canada  there  were  active  commerce 
and  employment  for  thousands  of  men, 
who,  owing  to  the  present  stagnation,  are 
no  longer  there  to  make  buyers  in  these 
“home  markets,”  so  there  is  less  demand 
for  the  farmer’s  produce.  Does  the  ex¬ 
tra  price,  if  secured  by  “protection,” 
pay  for  the  destruction  of  trade  ?  In 
the  recent  elections,  the  farmers,  who 
chiefly  comprise  the  population  of 
northern  Maine  and  Vermont,  did  not 
show  by  their  votes  that  they  considered 
the  “  protection  ”  as  of  any  special  ben¬ 
efit  to  them.  Surely  they  are  the  best 
judges!  The  only  way  for  any  farmer  to 
judge  of  the  merits  of  “  protection  ”  in  a 
business  sense,  is  to  look  upon  manufac¬ 
turers  who  have  grown  rich  by  it,  and 
then  investigate  his  own  fanning  business 
for  30  years  past  and  judge  for  himself  as  to 
the  amount  of  benefit  it  has  been  to  him. 
With  our  vast  crop  production  we  de¬ 
mand  and  must  have  the  greatest  freedom 
of  trade  with  all  the  markets  of  the 
world.  As  farmers  we  can  not  afford 
to  wait  for  the  building  up  of  mythical 
home  markets.  Under  reciprocity 
which  is  simply  a  form  of  freer  trade, 
Cuba  has  used  in  a  year  70,000  barrels  of 
potatoes  more  than  she  did  under  the  re¬ 
strictions  of  her  previous  “protective” 
tariff.  We  want  a  market  for  American 
potatoes  in  every  land,  and  could  easily 
have  it  if  politicians  would  keep  “  hands 
off  ”  of  the  trade,  for  no  other  country 
can  grow  this  “  staff  of  life  ”  in  such  per¬ 
fection  as  can  American  farmers,  and, 
with  freer  trade,  we  could  increase  pro¬ 
duction  to  the  great  benefit  of  farmers, 
transporters  and  merchants.  We  demand 
entrance  to  the  world’s  markets  for  the 
Great  American  Uotato  ! 
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