726 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
Nov.  5 
The  Water  Comes  from  Somewhere. 
G.  A.  P.,  Wii.awana,  Pa. — I  have  a 
pipe  leading  from  a  spring  to  a  trough 
in  my  yard.  It  has  become  decayed  so 
that  it  does  not  furnish  water  at  the 
trough  all  the  time.  After  sufficient  rain 
to  increase  the  flow  from  the  spring, 
water  runs  through  the  pipe  and,  if  the 
weather  is  dry,  the  amount  steadily 
decreases  until  none  flows  during  the 
day,  yet  a  slight  flow  follows  for  several 
nights.  I  think  this  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  evaporation  is  less  at  night  than 
during  the  day.  Water  mills  may  have 
more  power  at  night,  not  that  a  variation 
in  atmospheric  pressure  has  anything  to 
do  with  the  weight  of  the  water,  but 
because  of  a  greater  volume  and  a  more 
rapid  flow — the  increased  power,  if  any, 
being  due  to  the  greater  velocity  of  the 
water.  With  a  dry  atmosphere  the 
evaporation  may  be  so  great  as  to  cause 
a  marked  decrease  in  the  volume  of  water 
in  the  stream.  Continue  the  evaporation 
until  the  atmosphere  is  saturated  and  the 
water  may  rise  in  the  stream  before  a 
storm. 
A  Living:  in  Growing:  Grapes. 
A.  F.  A.,  Grand  View,  Tknn. — A  young 
man  with  good  health  should  have  no 
trouble  to  secure  a  home  here  on  the 
Cumberland  plateau.  Land  is  cheap  and 
timber  plentiful  for  fuel  and  building. 
The  winters  are  mild  and  short,  conse¬ 
quently  less  fuel  and  clothing  are  re¬ 
quired  than  at  the  North.  Here  at  Grand 
View  one  can  raise  nearly  all  he  con¬ 
sumes,  be  in  a  good  neighborhood,  close 
to  a  good  school  and  church,  and  avoid 
the  blizzards  and  extreme  weather  of  the 
North.  We  are  five  miles  from  a  ship¬ 
ping  point  and  1  %  from  the  railroad.  All 
vegetables  and  most  fruits  do  well. 
Grapes  pay  well.  Concords  brought  35 
cents  per  8-pound  basket  this  season  at 
the  railroad  station  and  Niagaras  much 
more.  We  can  raise  as  fine  Niagaras  as 
can  be  grown  anywhere.  We  bag  all  our 
grapes,  and  thus  protect  them  from 
birds,  insects  and  the  rot.  It  pays  to 
bag  grapes  under  any  circumstances,  as 
those  treated  in  this  way  are  so  much 
finer  and  sweeter.  I  use  the  Bordeaux 
mixture  for  anthracnose  and  mildew,  and 
find  it  a  success.  I  like  it  better  than 
qmmonia  and  copper,  as  it  stays  on  bet¬ 
ter.  Bunches  overlooked  in  bagging 
were  ruined  by  the  curculio.  Niagara 
takes  the  lead  as  a  shipping  grape,  its 
only  defect  is  in  the  foliage.  Concord 
and  Worden  are  too  tender  for  shipping 
far,  still  money  is  made  on  the  Concord. 
Niagara  and  Concord  are  the  best  here 
for  market. 
The  Rural  New-Yorker  Potato  is  in¬ 
clined  to  be  hollow  here,  and  is  not  so 
good  as  the  Rural  Blush. 
Taking  Life  a  Little  Easier. 
G.  D.,  Carysville,  Ohio. — The  country 
through  here  has  been  made  quite  healthy 
by  means  of  tile  drainage.  We  used  to 
have  a  great  deal  of  sickness  of  a  malar¬ 
ial  nature,  and  our  doctors  reaped  large 
harvests  and  became  wealthy,  but  now 
the  most  of  them  have  to  possess  an 
income  from  other  sources  to  supply  a 
living.  Tile  drainage  has  been  a  boon 
to  our  section  of  country.  My  family  is 
composed  of  myself,  wife  and  one  daugh¬ 
ter,  and  my  special  line  of  farming  is 
fruit  culture— testing  and  growing  nearly 
all  kinds  of  fruit  that  can  be  grown  in 
this  climate.  The  farm  is  at  present 
cultivated  by  men  growing  crops  on 
shares.  It  is  not  the  best  method  of  con¬ 
ducting  a  farm,  but  owing  to  my  rheu¬ 
matic  troubles  and  the  poor  health  of  my 
wife  and  our  freedom  from  a  burden  of 
debt  we  concluded  to  make  our  lives  as 
easy  and  happy  as  possible,  and  also  to 
devote  more  time  and  care  to  growing 
and  testing  fruits. 
Scraping:  Fruit  Trees. 
H.  M.  Engel,  Marietta,  Pa. — Scrap¬ 
ing  the  rough  bark  from  fruit  trees  I 
have  done  to  a  limited  extent  only.  I 
believe  it  answers  a  two-fold  purpose, 
however  :  it  seems  to  do  a  tree  as  much 
good  to  keep  its  bark  smooth  and  clean, 
as  it  does  a  horse  to  keep  his  coat  well 
curried.  When  the  bark  of  apple  or  pear 
trees  gets  very  rough  and  scaly,  it  forms 
the  best  winterquarters  for  the  larvae  of 
the  codling  moth,  and  for  the  destruction 
of  these  pests  should  be  removed  in  the 
fall. 
El  Dorado  and  Jessica  Grapes. 
J.  T.  Roberts,  Onondaga  County,  N. 
Y. — The  R.  N.-Y.’s  remarks  on  the  El 
Dorado  and  Jessica  grapes,  called  out  by 
my  recent  statements,  justify  a  word 
further.  I  do  call  Jessica  our  earliest 
sort  “by  a  considerable  majority.”  It 
was  picked  on  August  16  and  sent  to 
Oswego  along  with  Champion  and  Pough¬ 
keepsie.  The  verdict  of  the  women  and 
children  who  received  these  samples  was 
that  “  the  little  green  grape  was  splen¬ 
did.”  My  inference  was  that  the  black 
and  the  red  sorts  were  unripe.  Jessica 
had  been  fairly  good  for  a  number  of 
days  prior  to  the  16th.  In  making  a  com¬ 
parison  with  Delaware  I  ought  to  have 
said  that  our  soil  is  not  adapted  to  the 
perfect  and  early  maturing  of  the  Dela¬ 
ware,  being  strictly  a  clay  loam  wholly 
lacking  in  sand  and  gravel.  I  picked  no 
Delawares  before  September  20. 
El  Dorado  has  not  been  considered  a 
heavy  cropper,  yet  when  we  take  into 
account  the  great  extent  of  its  bearing 
wood,  I  think  it  nearly  averages  as  much 
as  Niagara,  vine  for  vine.  My  two  bear¬ 
ing  vines  of  El  Dorado  bore  this  year 
their  fourth  crop  (sixth  year  from  plant¬ 
ing),  and  I  think  they  have  given  me 
fully  30  pounds  each  of  prime  fruit.  All 
my  grapes,  whether  sold  or  given  away, 
are  put  up  in  “mixed  baskets,”  a  half  a 
dozen  sorts  in  each.  El  Dorado  has  fur¬ 
nished  the  finishing  clusters  in  every  in¬ 
stance.  The  first  picking  was  September 
8.  Following  a  manifest  preference  of 
the  vine,  I  practice  long  pruning  with 
this  sort.  The  fan-shape  system  is  fol¬ 
lowed,  and  in  addition  to  the  main  trellis, 
wires  extend  out  at  right  angles  to  carry 
long  bearing  canes  for  which  the  trellis 
affords  no  room.  Some  of  these  extra 
arms  are  already  24  feet  long.  The  wood 
is  well  ripened  throughout,  and  not  a 
single  bunch  of  fruit  is  unripe  at  this 
date — October  7. 
Another  favorite  sort  that  thrives  ex¬ 
ceptionally  well  on  my  place  is  the  Jef¬ 
ferson.  In  five  bearing  years  it  has  only 
once  failed  to  ripen  its  entire  yield.  It  is, 
however,  well  sheltered  by  buildings  on 
the  north  side.  Catawba,  in  a  similar 
situation,  always  fails. 
The  grape  I  have  referred  to  as  Pough¬ 
keepsie  may  be  some  other.  Of  two  vines 
I  bought  in  1884  as  Jessica,  one  proved 
to  be  Rebecca  and  the  other  a  small, 
early  red  grape  which  nobody  hereabouts 
knew,  and  which  the  nurseryman  who 
supplied  it  declared  to  be  an  inferior 
Delaware.  I  have  no  doubt  that  it  is 
Poughkeepsie.  It  is  valuable  for  its 
early  coloring,  but  it  needs  the  whole  of 
August  and  a  week  of  September  for  de¬ 
veloping  its  full  character. 
Remarks  :  There  is  no  better  early, 
hardy,  white  grape  than  El  Dorado  where 
the  fruit  sets  well.  There  certainly  is 
no  better  late  grape  than  Jefferson. 
Both,  however,  require  what  they  do  not 
get  in  most  places,  to  show  themselves  at 
the  best.  Jessica  at  the  Rural  Grounds 
proved  to  be  somewhat  earlier  than  any 
other — but  there  was  little  else  to  com¬ 
mend  it. 
Are  Wire  Worms  Color  Blind  ? 
A.  A.,  Farmington,  Mo. — In  The 
Rural  of  October  15,  a  writer  speaks  of 
wire- worms  and  scab  in  purple  potatoes, 
when  light-skinned  varieties  were  ex¬ 
empt.  I  have  noticed  the  same  thing 
here,  both  last  season  and  the  present. 
I  cultivated  three  varieties — Rural  Blush, 
Ajax  and  Blue  Victory.  Last  year  near¬ 
ly  or  quite  50  per  cent  of  Blue  Victory 
were  scabby,  and  neither  of  the  others 
showed  any  trace  of  the  scab.  The  pres¬ 
ent  season  Blue  Victory  are  nearly  all 
scabby,  a  smooth  potato  of  that  variety 
being  an  exception.  Neither  of  the 
others  is  affected.  I  am  at  a  loss  to  ac¬ 
count  for  this  fact,  unless,  perhaps  new 
land  may  not  suit  the  Blue  Victory,  as 
the  land  on  which  they  grew  was  taken 
from  the  forest  last  winter.  The  crop 
of  last  season  was  on  the  same  kind  of 
land  and  with  about  the  same  result,  ex¬ 
cept  that  there  has  been  an  increase  of 
scab  in  the  Victory  the  present  season. 
Both  of  the  other  varieties  made  good 
yields  of  large,  smooth  tubers,  on  the 
same  land  and  with  the  same  cultivation. 
Water  does  rise  to  the  surface  of  the 
ground  before  a  storm,  at  least  it  does 
in  southeast  Missouri.  The  phenomenon 
has  been  witnessed  and  spoken  of  by 
scores  of  persons  both  last  fall  and  at 
the  present  time.  We  have  experienced 
two  extremely  dry  seasons.  Water¬ 
courses  were  dry,  cisterns  and  wells 
failed,  and  before  the  rain  arrived  the 
water  in  springs  became  more  abundant, 
and  water-ways  that  had  been  dry  for  a 
month  or  more,  were  affording  water  in 
the  deeper  pools.  Yesterday  on  my  way 
to  our  nearest  market  town,  I  crossed  a 
small  creek  that  had  been  dry  since  the 
latter  part  of  August,  and  the  water  was 
flowing  down  it  two  or  more  inches  deep, 
and  there  has  been  no  rain  here  as  yet 
though  I  am  confident  that  there  will  be 
within  a  very  short  time. 
Another  View  of  Cholera. 
S.  E.  P.,  Doylestown,  Pa. — The  R. 
N.-Y.,  lately  pictured  cholera  as  a  dread 
spectre  of  shadowy  outline,  knocking 
for  admission  at  an  American  portal — a 
shape  of  weird,  horrid  appearance,  alto¬ 
gether  frightful  to  contemplate  or  even 
to  behold. 
The  artist  might  have  as  truthfully 
presented  another  picture:  cholera  might 
be  shown  as  a  stern,  majestic  teacher; 
perhaps  a  female  parent,  with  strong, 
but  sorrowful  face.  Her  mission  is  to 
rebuke  Ignorance  and  Shiftlessness.  She 
is  heralded  by  Terror  and  followed  by 
Wisdom.  Men  fear  and  shun  this  awful 
teacher,  yet  in  a  fortnight  she  teaches 
the  lessons  of  a  decade. 
Would  that  the  present  order  of  things 
might  be  reversed  ;  that  Wisdom  might 
lead  the  way  and  Terror  be  sent  to  the 
rear.  Then  would  cholera  cease  to  wan¬ 
der  over  the  face  of  the  earth,  because 
Wisdom  would  checkmate  her  every 
movement.  Terror  would  be  forgotten 
and  would  remain  in  permanent  obscur¬ 
ity. 
The  message  and  lesson  of  cholera  are 
for  those  who  have  not  yet  learned  the 
higher  law — the  law  of  cleanliness  and 
right  living.  Where  Wisdom  cannot  ap¬ 
peal  Terror  must  appall. 
If  you  name  The  R.  N.-Y.  to  our  advertisers  you 
may  be  pretty  sure  of  prompt  replies  and  right 
treatment. 
IDEAL  FEED  MILL 
and  Power  Combined 
Hood’s 
Sarsaparilla 
Cured  me  of  Goitre  or 
swellings  in  the  neck 
which  I  had  from  10 
years  old  till  I  was  52. 
When  I  began  taking 
Hood’s  Sarsaparilla  I 
was  feeling  so  discour- 
H  aged  with  goitre  and 
rheumatism.  When  I 
Mrs.  Sutherland,  caught  cold  I  could  not 
walk  two  blocks  without  fainting.  Now  I  am 
free  from  it  all  and  I  can  truly  recommend 
IIOOIVS  8  ARNAPA  RII.IiA.”  MRS. 
Anna  Sutherland,  Kalamazoo,  Mich. 
HOOD’S  PlLLS  assist  digestion,  cure  headache. 
WILL  SAVE 
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I  OF  YOUR  CRAIN. 
Remember  it  grinds  EAR  C0"H  and  all  kinds  of 
grain  FASTER  AND  BETTER  than  any  other.  Onr  line 
comprises  Everything  in  the  shape  of  GRINDING 
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STOVER  MFG.  CO  it  502  EKEirPORT^’ ILL. 
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Beautiful  in 
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Highly  concentrated.  Dose  small.  In  quantity  costs 
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post-paid.  One  pack.  25c.  Five  $1.  2  1-4  lb.  can  $1.20, 
6  cans  $5.  Express  paid.  Testimonials  free.  Send  stamps  or 
cash.  Farmers’  Poultry  Guide  (price  25c.)  free  with  81.00 
orders  or  more.  L  S.  JOHNSON  &  CO.,  Boston,  Mass. 
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Safety  Bottom 
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.  Johnsville,  Montgomery  Co.,  New  York. 
PATENTS 
TRADE-MARKS,  CAVEATS, 
OR  NO  FEE, 
Send  model  or  sketch  for  free  advice  as  to  patent¬ 
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Address  SAME.  C.  FITZGKKALI),  Atty., 
1003  F  Street,  Washington,  D.  C. 
FOR  SALE. 
“Acme”  Kerosene  Engine,  Four  H.  P.,  made  by 
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E.  D.  HEINEMANN,  Asheville,  N.  C. 
