1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
759 
What  Others  Say. 
( Continued .) 
suspected  that  the  flower  was  made  of 
paper  and  that  it  was  skillfully  tied  upon 
a  solanum  stem.  It  was  the  device  of  our 
friend — of  everybody’s  friend,  indeed — 
the  only,  original,  genuine,  genial,  John 
Thorpe,  superintendent  of  the  Horticul¬ 
tural  Department  of  the  World’s  Fair. 
The  New  York  Herald  in  its  report  of  the 
show  called  it  in  all  seriousness  “Thorpe’s 
Hybrid  Chrysanthemum.” . 
The  sensation  of  the  season — at  least 
one  of  them — was  the  Golden  Wedding  of 
Peter  Henderson  &  Co.  This  is  a  Japa¬ 
nese  incurved  flower,  full  and  round  and 
at  least  eight  inches  in  diameter . 
Among  a  small  but  magnificent  display 
of  roses  was  the  grand  new  variety  Mad. 
Caroline  Testout.  This  is  much  like  La 
France,  but  is  freer  to  bloom  and  hold  s 
its  color  longer.  The  buds  are  very 
large  andbroad-petaled;  the  odor  that  of 
La  France . 
The  new  rose,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Whitney,  is 
remarkable  for  its  immense  buds  and 
petals.  The  odor  is  delicate,  the  color 
that  which  is  best  known  as  “rose.” . 
The  National  Capitol  was  thoroughly 
well  imitated  by  a  structure  covered  with 
white  immortelles  of  some  kind.  It  was 
15  feet  long  and  three  feet  high,  the 
cupola  being  nine  feet  high.  The 
lawn  in  front  was  made  of  Lycopodium 
denticulatum.  The  windows  of  the 
building  were  each  lighted  by  elec¬ 
tricity  . 
It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  American 
Belle  is  a  sport  of  American  Beauty.  The 
flowers  are  of  a  rose  color,  cup-shaped 
with  immense  petals.  The  odor  is  ex¬ 
quisite  . 
A  lady  remarked  that  Mad.  Cusin  was 
the  most  beautifully  colored  rose  she  ever 
saw.  The  specimens  were  indeed  fine. 
Cusin  is  a  fine  plant  for  out-door  bedding, 
blooming  freely  during  the  entire  sum¬ 
mer.  But  under  glass  it  is  rather  weak 
in  growth  and  mildews . 
The  specimens  of  Bride  were  perfec¬ 
tion  itself.  The  half  opened,  exquisitely 
shaped  buds  and  petals  were  enough  to 
set  one  wild  over  roses.  It  has  no  su¬ 
perior  in  its  class . 
Mad.  de  Watteville  buds  were  longer 
than  those  of  Cusin  and  of  a  lighter  shade 
of  pink  and  much  larger.  Niphetos  buds 
were  as  large  as  any,  and  larger  than  any 
other  pure  whites.  Mad.  Hoste  and  Perle 
were  perfection — Mermets  were  in¬ 
ferior . 
One  of  the  choicest  collections  of 
plants  was  exhibited  by  Siebrecht  & 
Wadley.  They  were  with  great  taste  ar¬ 
ranged  in  a  circle  20  feet  in  diameter  and 
consisted  of  noble  specimens  of  palms, 
araucarias,  crotons,  etc . 
Pointers. 
The  New  Jersey  Experiment  Station 
report  for  1891  shows  that  the  decline  in 
the  prices  of  complete  fertilizers  from 
1885  to  1891  was  not  accompanied  by  a 
corresponding  decline  in  the  absolute 
amounts  of  plant  food  delivered  to  con¬ 
sumers . 
Experiments  with  Potatoes. — E.  S. 
Richmanof  the  Utah  Station,  found  in  an 
experiment  in  which  whole  tubers, 
halves,  quarters,  and  one-eye  and  two- 
eye  cuttings  were  planted,  that  the  yield 
increased  with  the  amount  of  seed  used, 
but  it  is  doubtful  whether  pieces  larger 
than  quarters  “  will  yield  enough  more 
to  pay  for  the  extra  amount  of  seed  re¬ 
quired.”  Pieces  cut  from  the  stem  end 
of  potatoes  gave  larger  yields  than  those 
cut  from  the  seed  end.  Experiments 
with  large  and  small  potatoes  for  seed 
during  two  years  have  given  inconclusive 
results.  Flat  culture  of  potatoes  gave 
better  results  than  ridge  culture.  The 
yields  of  14  of  the  newer  varieties  are 
given.  The  most  promising  varieties 
were  the  R.  N.-Y.  No.  2,  Hoffman  and 
Governor  Rusk . 
Some  years  ago  The  R.  N.-Y.,  as  older 
readers  are  well  aware,  planted  side  by 
side  most  of  the  so-called  kinds  of  oats 
offered  in  the  market.  Many,  though 
sold  under  different  names,  with  differ¬ 
ent  stories  as  to  their  origin,  and  at  dif¬ 
ferent  prices  were  found  to  be  just  the 
same,  or  so  nearly  the  same  that  no  one 
could  tell  one  from  the  other.  Many  of 
the  stations,  since  that  time,  have  been 
raising  different  kinds  of  oats  to  which 
they  append  full  accounts  of  time  of 
ripening,  height,  yield  and  all  that.  But 
they  fail  to  make  comparisons  which 
would  enable  the  farmer  to  know  that 
many  of  the  varieties  under  observation 
are  the  same. 
The  Maryland  Station  oat  trials  are 
helpful  in  the  way  we  have  indicated. 
The  following  kinds  as  grown  on  the 
station  grounds  “appear  to  be  the  same:” 
Badger  Queen,  Barley,  Clydesdale,  Prize 
Cluster,  Race  Horse,  Welcome,  White 
Belgian,  and  White  Canadian. 
Excepting  only  the  Prize  Cluster  which 
we  have  never  tried,  all  the  above  kinds 
were  pronounced  identical  by  The  R.  N.- 
Y.  years  ago.  And  to  them  may  be  added 
White  Australian,  Improved  Challenger 
and  Dakota  Chieftain, . 
Maryland  vs.  Vermont  Potatoes  for 
Seed. — This  is  a  continuation  of  an  ex¬ 
periment  made  in  1889  and  1890,  as  re¬ 
corded  in  the  annual  reports  of  the  sta¬ 
tion  for  those  years.  The  results  for 
seven  varieties  grown  in  1891  show  an 
average  yield  of  88  bushels  per  acre  for 
the  Maryland  seed  and  152  bushels  for 
the  Vermont  seed . 
Mixed  minerals  and  a  complete  fertil¬ 
izer  were  compared  by  the  New  Jersey 
Experiment  Station  with  farm  manure, 
alone  and  with  chemical  fertilizers,  and 
with  no  manure  on  turnips.  Drought  re¬ 
duced  the  crop.  All  the  fertilizers  used 
increased  the  yield,  but  the  complete  fer¬ 
tilizer  was  somewhat  more  effective  than 
barnyard  manure.  Kainit  was  the  most 
effective  form  of  potash.  Financially 
the  mixed  minerals  and  the  complete  fer¬ 
tilizer  were  decidedly  and  almost  equally 
profitable.  There  was  no  profit  from 
barnyard  manure . 
Following  is  a  table  showing  relative 
yields  per  acre  : 
f — Gain. — \ 
Turnips. 
Tops. 
T. 
T. 
Unfertilized . Tons. 
0.1 
2.7 
Minerals  alone . 
9.5 
3.3 
3.4 
0.6 
Minerals  and  nitrogen . 
10.2 
2.8 
4.1 
0.1 
Barnyard  manure . 
9.9 
2.1 
3.8 
-0.0 
Barnyard  and  mixed  chem- 
leal  manures . 
9.9 
2.3 
2.8 
-0.4 
Winter  Budding  :  Japan  seedling  pear 
stocks  were  placed  on  April  8  in  a  hot¬ 
bed  having  six  inches  of  sand  over  the 
heating  material.  Both  the  heat  of  the 
sun  and  the  manure  beneath  caused  the 
sap  to  start  in  the  stocks,  and  in  eight 
days  they  were  ready  to  bud  by  the  or¬ 
dinary  method.  They  were  taken  to  a 
warm  room,  budded  with  Mikado  pear 
buds,  and  then  placed  back  in  the  sand 
to  take.  In  about  eight  days  more  they 
had  all  taken  nicely  and  were  tranferred 
to  damp  sawdust  to  await  planting  in 
the  nursery  and  to  prevent  them  from 
growing.  A  few  days  later  they  were  set 
in  the  nursery.  During  the  summer  they 
had  good  culture  and  made  an  average 
growth  of  two  feet.  They  were  all  vigor¬ 
ous  and  large  enough  to  be  transplanted 
to  the  orchard  by  fall.  This  method  is 
practicable  on  a  large  scale,  and  it  may 
be  that  a  large  and  more  convenient 
incubator  can  be  devised  to  start  the  sap 
enough  so  the  bark  will  run  and  in  which 
to  place  stocks  when  budded  to  make 
them  take . 
Plowing  Different  Depths. — An  ac¬ 
count  is  given  by  the  Utah  Station  of  an 
experiment  in  which  plots  used  for  cab¬ 
bages,  peas,  carrots,  sweet  corn  and 
potatoes  were  plowed  to  a  depth  of  three, 
six  or  nine  inches.  In  the  case  of  peas 
the  shallowest  plowing  gave  the  best 
resn  ts,  in  the  other  cases  the  deepest 
plowing . 
Rose  Bug. — John  B.  Smith,  Entomol¬ 
ogist  of  the  New  Jersey  Experiment 
Station,  following  up  The  R.  N.-Y.’s  dis¬ 
covery,  says  that  different  experiments 
prove  that  water  at  135  deg'rees  will  kil 
rose  bugs  instantly.  He  has  tried  ar- 
senites,  copper  mixtures,  pyrethrum, 
kerosene,  lime,  tobacco,  acetic  acid, 
quassia,  digitalis,  corrosive  sublimate, 
muriate  of  ammonia,  alum,  kainit  and 
cyanide  of  potassium,  and  they  were 
practically  useless  on  this  obstinate  in¬ 
sect.  Has  Mr.  Smith  found,  as  has  The 
R.  N.-Y.,  that  water  at  135  degrees  will 
harm  the  leaves  of  the  grape  vine  ?.  ... 
Editor  A.  W.  Cheever  of  the  N.  E. 
Farmer,  says  that  if  he  had  room  for  but 
one  vine  the  Green  Mountain  would  be 
the  one  he  would  plant . . 
Spring  vs.  Fall  Setting  of  Trees. — 
This  is  a  question  that  is  not  definitely 
settled.  In  the  fall  of  1890  a  selection 
consisting  of  forest  and  shade  trees, 
apple,  plum  and  pear,  were  planted  on 
the  grounds  of  the  Utah  Agricultural 
College  with  a  view  to  determining  which 
is  the  better  time  for  planting.  Without 
exception  the  trees  planted  in  the  fall 
did  better  than  those  planted  in  the  fol¬ 
lowing  spring.  The  increased  growth 
was  more  noticeable  the  first  year,  but 
was  noticeable  to  some  extent  the  second 
year.  The  mildness  of  the  winter  may 
have  had  something  to  do  with  the  re¬ 
sult,  however.  With  poplars  the  differ¬ 
ence  in  growth  was  at  least  six  inches  in 
favor  of  the  fall-set  trees.  With  the  fruit 
trees  the  difference  was  not  more  than 
three  inches  on  an  average . 
It  would  seem  from  the  testimony  of 
such  grape  experts  as  Jaeger,  T.  T. 
Lyon,  George  W.  Campbell,  E.  Williams 
and  others,  that  Munson’s  red  grape 
“  Brilliant”  is  likely  to  take  a  first  rank 
as  an  early  market  and  table  variety.  In 
quality  it  is  regarded  as  sweet  and  pure. 
The  bunches  are  beautiful  and  keep  and 
ship  well . 
The  Campbell  is  another  of  Munson’s 
hybrids.  It  is  white.  The  bunch  is  long, 
the  berry  round,  medium  sized,  sweet, 
sprightly,  no  pulp,  pure  and  better  even 
than  Delaware.  The  quality  by  some  is 
considered  equal  to  the  foreign  Chas- 
selas,  which  it  resembles . 
The  Rommel  (Munson)  resembles 
Campbell,  but  is  not  quite  so  good  in 
quality . 
Some  20  years  ago  Chas.  A.  Green 
adopted  for  marking  the  names  of  bear¬ 
ing  fruit  trees,  labels  made  of  strips  of 
sheet  zinc,  half  an  inch  wide  and  several 
inches  long,  a  kind  of  label  well-known 
to  all  horticulturists.  The  name  was 
written  with  a  common  lead  pencil  on 
one  end,  and  the  other  end  was  coiled 
around  a  side  limb  of  the  tree,  one- 
fourth  or  one-half  an  inch  in  diameter. 
If  coiled  around  once  or  twice  it  would 
remain  there  a  lifetime,  the  zinc  slowly 
uncoiling  as  the  branch  grew,  and  of 
course  not  bruising  or  cutting  into  the 
tree,  which  would  be  impossible.  No 
other  kind  of  labels  could  be  so  easily 
and  quickly  attached  to  the  tree,  and 
none  could  remain  so  securely.  Such 
labels  have  remained  unchanged  on  Mr. 
Green’s  trees  over  20  years,  the  writing 
on  the  zinc  being  quite  distinct  when 
fully  exposed  to  the  weather  for  a  much 
longer  period . . . 
Many  have  objected  to  coiling  these 
strips  about  the  branches,  because 
in  the  course  of  time  they  are  liable  to 
choke  or  girdle  them.  Mr.  Green  con¬ 
curs  with  the  veteran  J.  J.  Thomas  that 
if  coiled  but  once  about  the  branch,  the 
zinc  will  spread  out  as  the  branch  grows. 
This  has  been  The  R.  N.-Y.'s  experience. 
The  difficulty  we  meet  with  is  that  ii 
some  cases  a  powdery  substance  accum  - 
lates  (oxide  of  zinc,  we  presume)  wh  ch 
in  a  year  or  so  corrodes  and  obliter  .tes 
the  pencil  marks . 
Mr.  J.  H.  Hale  tells  the  interesting 
Canadian  Horticulturist  that  the  Crosby 
peach  is  an  abundant  bearer,  and  most  of 
the  trees  he  has  seen  fruiting  for  some 
years  past  have  been  overloaded.  The 
fruit  runs  of  a  good  even  size,  averaging 
2  to  inches  in  diameter.  It  is  the 
most  attractive  yellow  peach  he  has 
seen,  with  small  pit,  and  of  excellent 
quality  ;  still,  it  is  not  so  large  as  the 
Crawford,  and  he  does  not  think  that  it 
would  sell  so  well  in  the  market  as  that 
variety  when  abundant.  But,  in  his 
opinion,  the  Crosby,  on  account  of  the 
hardiness  of  its  fruit  buds,  will  produce 
full  crops  many  years  when  there  are 
no  Crawfords  or  other  peaches  of  that 
class. 
This,  it  will  be  remembered,  has  been 
called  both  Hale’s  Hardy  and  Excelsior. 
Crosby  is  the  right  name . 
“Miasmatic  slush  ”  is  the  way  the  In¬ 
dustrialist  characterizes  the  contents  of 
most  barnyards . 
The  Industrial  World,  alluding  to  the 
increasing  use  of  glass  for  all  sorts  of 
structures,  says  that  for  some  time  past 
transparent  glass  bricks  have  been  let 
into  the  walls  to  afford  light  at  places 
where  a  window  would  interfere  with 
the  architectural  plan.  But  now  it  is 
proposed  to  cast  glass,  not  necessarily 
transparent,  into  large  blocks  for  build¬ 
ing.  This  material  is  practically  inde¬ 
structible,  perfectly  non-absorbent,  and, 
therefore,  damp-proof  in  a  manner  which 
few  bricks  are,  and  in  this  way  coarse 
glass  of  this  kind  could  be  made  nearly 
as  cheap  as  concrete  stone  or  baked  clay.. 
The  Editor  of  the  Orange  County 
Farmer,  W.  T.  Doty,  says  that  with  him 
the  Early  New  Zealand  potatoes  have 
changed  from  a  red  to  a  white  color. 
Is  it  not  a  fact  that  any  white  potato 
raised  in  Bermuda  soil  changes  its  color 
to  a  pink  or  red  ? . 
#  *  * 
A  Hundred  Thrifty  Farmers  are 
wanted  to  work  for  The  Rural  New- 
Yorker. 
In  writing  to  advertisers  please  always  mention 
The  Rural  Nkw-Yorker. 
150.11  GRAPE  VINES 
100  Vurletleft.  Also  Small  Fruit**,  Trees,  Ae.  Best 
rooted  stock.  Genuine,  cheap.  2  sample  Tines  mailed  for  1  Oo. 
Descriptive  prioe  list  free.  LEWIS  KOKSOH,  Kredo«U,N.T. 
THE  PALOUSE  APPLE 
originated  in  the  famons  Palouse  country,  Is  a  bean- 
tltul  winter  apple  of  unsurpassed  quality  and  Iron¬ 
clad  hardiness.  Small  trees  sent  postpaid,  one  for 
75c.;  5  for  $2.  Larger  trees  by  express,  $30  per  100. 
Address  orders  to  Geo.  Kuedy,  Box  207,  Colfax,  Wash. 
|Mercer,our|A  cherryj; 
jjNew  Cherry!  ,orProfitiE 
4  >  An  average  profit  of  $50  per  tree  for  4  * 
i » ten  consecutive  years. — All  new  and  <  ► 
4  *  standard  varieties  of  Small  Fruits. —  4  * 
i »  Fruit  and  Ornamental  Trees  by  hun-  <  ► 
4  £  dreds  of  thousands. — Special  prices  on  4  * 
Idaho  and  Wilder  Pears ^ 
and  Kansas  Raspberry.  j; 
4  ►  Stock  by  mail  postpaid.  No  extra  4  * 
<  *  charge  for  packing  large  trees.  <  ► 
4  *  Catalogue  free.  J  J 
o  JOS.  H.  BLACK,  SON  &  CO.,  o 
*  *  Yill age  Nurseries,  Hightstown ,  N.  J.  J  > 
♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
Dnonhno  1  For  the  past  2  vears  I  have  grown 
reacnes  i  th t  earliest 
Peaches !  PEACHES 
Peaches ! 
Peaches ! 
Peaches ! 
in  the  United  States, 
on  the  muck  lands  of  FLORIDA 
and  they  brought  as  high  as  $8  per 
box.  For  Information  on  Frntt 
Growing,  Sugar,  Rice,  Tobacco  and 
muck  lands,  Inquire  or  address 
Jl  IklUIC  S-Jl  KulliU  Itulldlnt, 
.  I.  LLIVIO,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
A  New  Era  in  Grape-Growing 
certainly  is  inaugurated  by  the  in¬ 
troduction  of  the  America,  Bril¬ 
liant  Rommel,  Hermann  Jaeger, 
and  some  others  of  my  Hybrid 
Grapes. 
For  Descriptive  List,  address 
T.  V.  MUNSON,  Denison,  Tex. 
AGENTS  WANTED. 
Geneva  Nursery,  Geneva,  N.  Y. 
Salary  and  expenses 
paid.  Address 
W.  &  T.  SMITH  CO., 
Established  1840. 
