1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
78i 
THE  HORSE  SHOW. 
During  the  past  week  probably  the  finest  and  most 
valuable  collection  of  horses  ever  brought  together 
has  been  on  exhibition  in  this  city.  In  Subsequent 
issues  we  shall  give  a  more  detailed  account  of  this 
exhibition.  Here  we  wish  to  repeat  what  we  have 
previously  said  about  the  reasons  why  farmers  are 
interested  in  such  shows.  There  were  no  farm  horses 
shown — the  nags  were  all  too  valuable  to  plow  or 
haul  manure  or  produce.  They  were  none  too  good  for 
such  werk,  but  the  fact  remains  that  their  time  is  worth 
more  when  spent  hauling  or  carrying  the  aristocracy 
or  “upper  ten”  about  the  city  streets.  The  “swells” 
had  supreme  charge  of  this  show — it  was  a  collection 
■of  high-bred,  high-fed  and  pampered  stock.  Jumping, 
high-stepping,  prancing  and  neck- curving  were  the 
qualities  demanded  of  these  horses — just  the  things 
the  farmer  does  not  want  in  his  working  stock.  Why 
then  has  the  farmer  any  interest  at  all  in  such  shows  ? 
Simply  because  the  rich  people  in  the  cities  want  these 
beautiful  and  high-spirited  horses  and  are  will  ing  to  pay 
any  price  for  them.  The  farmer  “comes  in”  here  because 
he  can  raise  these  horses  better  than  anybody  else. 
Wealth  creates  exalted  tastes  in  horseflesh  as  well  as 
in  other  things.  The  anarchist  says,  “  Down  with  the 
rich  !  Take  away-their  power  to  gratify  their  pleas¬ 
ures!”  The  business  farmer  says  :  “  I’ll  get  a  share 
of  that  wealth  by  giving  those  people  what  they  want — 
so  good  that  they  will  compete  for  it!”  If  you  are 
going  to  raise  a  horse,  why  not  raise  spirit  as  well  as 
“  poke,”  beauty  as  well  as  awkwardness?  Put  the 
oats,  hay  and  care  into  a  good  colt  and  get  a  good  price 
for  it.  A  little  Shetland  pony  will  sell  for  twice 
as  much  as  a  poor  street-car  horse  that  is  twice  as 
large.  A  pound  of  good  Ilackney  or  Coach  colt  is  worth 
three  times  as  much  as  a  pound  of  scrub.  Beautiful, 
spirited  horses  are  wanted  ;  there  is  competition  for 
them,  while  each  year  lessens  the  demand  for  the 
scrubs,  bogus  trotters  and  misshapen  grades.  There 
is  no  better  place  for  these  fine  colts  to  be  raised  than 
on  the  farm.  Watch  for  a  “  blocky,”  intelligent  brood 
mare  of  good  color,  and  buy  her  if  you  can.  Take  her 
to  the  best  Ilackney  or  Coach  stallion  you  can  find, 
and  care  for  the  colt  as  if  it  were  a  $100  bill.  That  is 
the  sort  of  breeding  taught  by  the  Horse  Show.  It  is 
business  breeding  that  pays  25  per  cent  profit. 
IN  AND  ABOUT  THE  CITY. 
In  a  fancy  fruit  store  the  other  day,  I  noticed  several 
tumblers  of  home-made  calves’-foot  jelly  put  up  by 
Mrs.  So-and-so.  I  have  been  much  interested  in  past 
discussions  of  openings  for  women  who  are  thrown  on 
their  own  resources.  I  remembered  that  many  knowing 
ones  had  advocated  the  making  of  jellies,  jams,  pickles, 
and  similar  compounds,  as  one  of  the  occupations  for 
»uch  women.  So  I  made  some  inquiries.  I  learned 
that  Mrs.  So-and-so  had  been  in  the  business  for  many 
years  ;  that  she  had  an  established  reputation  for  the 
quality  of  her  goods;  that  those  familiar  with  her 
goods  would  buy  no  others  while  hers  were  obtainable; 
that  a  new  beginner  would  find  great  difficulty  in 
securing  recognition  unless  through  personal  friends. 
There  is  a  great  deal  of  buncombe  in  the  talk  that  is 
bo  common  about  the  great  demand  for  home-made 
goods. 
It  does  not  make  a  particle  of  difference  what  the 
quality  of  a  product  is  if  a  market  can’t  be  secured 
for  it.  Home-made  jellies,  pickles,  etc.,  may  be  far 
superior  to  those  put  up  by  the  factories  engaged  in 
this  business ;  but  the  latter  have  every  facility  for 
pushing  their  goods  into  general  notice,  and  securing 
the  trade.  They  do  business  on  such  a  large  scale 
that  the  proportionate  cost  of  advertising  is  not  great, 
and  they  are  thus  enabled  to  sell  a'j  a  price  which 
would  be  ruinous  to  anyone  working  on  a  small  scale. 
There  are  people  who  want  these  home-made  goods, 
and  the  best  way  to  secure  their  trade  is  by  a  personal 
canvass  of  one’s  own  town,  or  nearby  city. 
Another  disadvantage  under  which  the  small  manu¬ 
facturer  labors  is  in  the  cost  of  materials.  Sugars  and 
other  ingredients  cost  more  than  when  large  quantities 
are  required.  The  same  is  true  of  packages  for  the 
manufactured  product.  All  these  make  the  cost, 
hence  the  selling  price  higher,  and  most  purchasers 
look  at  the  higher-priced  goods,  admire  them,  perhaps, 
and  then  purchase  the  others.  Cooperation  might 
furnish  a  partial  solution  of  the  difficulty. 
Fancy  baskets  of  assorted  fruits  are  a  feature  of  the 
trade  of  all  the  fancy  fruit  stores.  These  contain 
from  foHr  to  eight  quarts  of  nearly  every  kind  of  fruit 
in  market.  Luscious  pears,  peaches,  and  apples  are 
interspersed  with  beautiful  bunches  of  grapes  of  dif¬ 
ferent  colors,  yellow  bananas,  and  various  other 
common  or  rare  kinds,  but  always  of  the  best  quality. 
They  sell  at  from  $3  to  $5,  or  even  more  in  some  cases. 
They  are  quite  popular  as  gifts  to  frier  ds  embarking 
on  the  outgoing  steamers,  and  are  likely  to  keep  the 
recipient  in  mind  of  the  donor  for  many  days.  Just 
compare  the  price  of  one  of  these  small  baskets  with 
the  price  usually  received  for  fruits  by  the  producer. 
The  masses  buy  their  fruits  of  small  dealers  who  do 
business  from  hand-carts  or  street  stands.  While 
with  many  of  them  there  is  often  some  uncertainty 
about  the  quality,  there  is  always  the  certainty  of 
lower  prices.  These  small  traders  are  public  bene¬ 
factors,  benefiting  both  producers  and  consumers. 
While  the  red  varieties  of  apples  are  generally  pre¬ 
ferred  for  table  use,  a  scarcity  of  Greenings  has  this 
year  placed  that  variety  in  the  ascendency.  As  a 
cooking  apple,  nothing  else  equals  them.  This  is  a 
case  in  which  quality  outsells  looks.  f.  h.  v. 
“SHUT  YOUR  MOUTH  AND  LIVE.” 
The  number  of  people  suffering  from  nose  and 
throat  troubles  is  astonishing.  Look  around  you  and 
see  how  many  of  your  acquaintance  are  unable  to  take 
a  full  breath  through  the  nose.  You  will  be  astonished 
to  see  how  many  of  them  breathe  through  the  mouth. 
They  do  not  realize  it  and  would  deny  the  statement 
even  while  drawing  in  air  directly  between  the  lips. 
No  one  can  avoid  so-called  catarrh  and  throat  troubles, 
who  persistently  breathes  through  the  mouth.  The 
nose  was  made  for  breathing  and  the  man  who  breathes 
through  his  mouth  disobeys  nature  as  surely  as  does 
he  who  tries  to  drink  through  his  nose.  It  is  only  a 
difference  in  degree.  A  very  large  per  cent  of  throat 
troubles  are  due  to  mouth  breathing.  The  nose  is 
supplied  with  what  may  be  called  a  filtering  device, 
but  when  drawn  through  the  fhouth,  the  air  strikes 
directly  upon  the  upper  throat  and  keeps  it  constantly 
irritated,  just  as  the  lower  part  of  the  eyeball  would 
be  if  you  constantly  held  the  lid  away  from  it  and  let 
in  the  light.  “  Shut  your  mouth  and  live,”  is  the 
advice  given  by  experts  in  throat  diseases  But  look  at 
the  noses  of  many  of  your  friends  and  you  will  see  why 
they  are  mouth  breathers.  One  or  both  of  the  nostrils 
are  fallen  in,  “collapsed”  as  they  call  it.  In  some  cases 
the  nostril  is  almost  entirely  closed— in  others  it  is 
but  half  as  large  as  formerly.  This  is  due  to  a  lack  of 
use — a  person  begins  to  breathe  through  the  mouth  and 
slowly  the  muscles  of  the  nostrils  fail  through  lack 
of  exercise  just  as  the  muscles  of  the  arm  would  fail 
if  exercise  were  diminished  or  discontinued.  The  con¬ 
sequence  is  that  such  nostrils  gradually  “fall  in,”  and 
you  will  notice  many  of  your  friends  who  cannot  pos¬ 
sibly  take  a  good  breath  except  through  the  mouth. 
Such  people  cannot  long  enjoy  good  health.  They  are 
breaking  one  of  Nature’s  laws — like  the  man  who 
expects  his  stomach  to  do  the  work  that  belongs  to 
his  teeth.  Sooner  or  later  such  people  begin  to  suffer — 
it  is  “catarrh,”  “throat  trouble,”  deafness,  dyspepsia, 
but  it  all  comes  from  driving  cold  and  un filtered 
air  through  the  mouth,  directly  upon  the  upper  part 
of  the  throat.  Had  the  air  gone  through  the  nose,  as 
it  should  have  done,  all  of  that  suffering  could  have 
been  avoided.  The  simple  remedy  is,  “Shut  your 
mouth  and  live  ” — stop  breathing  through  your  mouth. 
“  But  how  do  that  when  my  nose  is  almost  closed 
That’s  right.  That  question  brings  out  the  pith  of 
this  article.  Years  ago,  when  a  man’s  eyes  gave  out 
there  was  an  end  to  his  happiness  because  he  was  ex¬ 
pected  to  grope  in  dimness  for  the  rest  of  his  life. 
Then  somebody  discovered  that  glass  cut  in  a  certain 
shape  and  held  in  a  certain  way  “  brought  sight  back 
to  him.”  That  gave  us  spectacles,  which  may  be 
called  man’s  method  of  enabling  Nature  to  correct  a 
mistake  and  restore  lost  vision.  Let  me  say  here  that 
spectacles  and  eye-glasses  have  done  much  to  pinch 
up  the  nose  and  encourage  mouth  breathing.  In  the 
same  way  the  dentists  have  given  us  perfect  fitting 
sets  of  artificial  teeth,  and  have  discovered  new 
methods  of  saving  partly  decayed  teeth,  and  efforts 
are  being  made  to  help  defective  hearing  by  means  of 
devices  for  gathering  and  magnifying  the  sound 
waves.  They  are  not  yet  fully  successful,  but  they 
all  illustrate  the  point  that  when  we,  through  ignor¬ 
ance,  hurt  the  eye,  nose,  ear  or  throat,  we  need  not 
wholly  despair.  Science  comes  to  the  rescue  with  an 
artificial  device  for  doing  what  we  formerly  did  with¬ 
out  aid. 
Take  the  “collapsed  nostril.”  Through  disuse  the 
nostrils  have  fallen  in.  You  cannot,  without  great  ef¬ 
fort,  dilate  them  so  as  to  fill  the  lungs  easily.  Take  the 
fingers  and  pull  the  nostrils  open  and  then  breathe! 
What  a  difference !  The  lungs  easily  fill  and  the 
whole  system  fires  up.  If  you  could  only  breathe  like 
that  all  the  time,  that  close,  stifling,  mean  feeling 
would  all  pass  away.  But  you  can’t,  because  the 
moment  you  let  go  the  nostrils,  in  they  fall,  and  the 
old  stifling  feeling  comes  back  unless  you  breathe 
through  your  mouth.  Now  science  comes  to  the  front 
with  aG'nose  dilator.”  This  is  a  simple  little  de¬ 
vice  for  pressing  out  the  nostrils  and  holding  them  in 
place.  It  is  invisible  except  for  a  very  fine  wire  un¬ 
der  the  nose,  where  it  is  unnoticed.  It  gives  no 
discomfort — a  light  spring  simply  presses  out  the  nos¬ 
trils,  thus  more  than  doubling  the  breathing  capacity. 
With  it  in  place  breathing  is  made  easy,  and  we  may 
expect  that  the  collapsed  nostril  will  resume  its  proper 
shape  and  action.  The  writer  has  had  great  trouble 
with  his  nose  and  throat  and  knows  from  sad  experi¬ 
ence  the  evils  of  catarrh  and  inflamed  throat  brought 
on  by  mouth  breathing.  His  own  case  has  led  him  to 
study  the  condition  of  others,  and  it  is  really  surpris¬ 
ing  to  find  how  few  there  are  of  mature  years  who 
can  breathe  through  the  nose,  and  how  many,  of  all 
ages,  suffer  year  after  year,  because  they  breathe 
through  the  mouth.  It  is  my  belief  that  this  little  nose 
dilator  is  calculated  to  relieve  more  suffering  than 
any  appliance  yet  introduced  to  aid  Nature  in  reform¬ 
ing  a  crippled  function.  H.  w.  c. 
AS  THEY  FARM  IN  UTAH. 
Flour  here  costs  about  $2.40  per  100  pounds;  meat 
per  month  $2;  a  pair  of  common  shoes  $1.50;  a  pair  of 
boots  from  $3  to  $0;  sugar  from  14  to  17  pounds  for 
$1;  a  suit  of  clothes  is  from  $4  to  $20;  a  ready-made 
calico  dress  from  75  cents  to  $1;  flannels  from  25  cents 
to  75  cents  per  yard.  Medical  attendance,  including 
patent  medicine,  $5  per  year.  My  family  consists  of 
myself,  wife,  three  girls  and  two  boys.  The  children 
are  all  under  14  years  of  age.  I  have  00  acres  of  land 
about  50  of  which  are  under  cultivation.  There  are 
seven  acres  in  apples,  pears,  peaches,  plums,  apricots, 
cherries,  grapes,  blackberries,  raspberries,  strawber¬ 
ries,  currants  and  gooseberries.  This  year  I  raised 
one  acre  of  pickling  onions,  worth  $490,  and  1,500  boxes 
of  peaches  worth  00  cents  per  box  containing  20 
pounds.  Apples,  pears  and  plums  were  almost  a 
failure.  Of  apricots  I  had  100  boxes  which  sold  for  50 
cents  per  box,  and  100  tons  of  hay,  mostly  Lucern 
worth  $0  per  ton,  the  Timothy  hay  was  worth  $10  per 
ton.  I  had  80  bushels  of  wheat  worth  GO  cents  per 
bushel,  75  cases  of  blackberries  worth  $1.25  per  case 
and  75  cases  of  raspberries  worth  75  cents  per  case.  I 
have  cattle,  horses,  chickens  and  pigs,  and  raise  al¬ 
most  all  kinds  of  vegetables  common  to  a  temperate 
climate  like  ours  in  the  Salt,  Lake  Valley.  I  pay  from 
$15  to  $20  per  month  during  the  summer  for  male 
hired  help,  and  get  women  laborers  in  berry  and  fruit, 
drying  time.  For  odd  days  men  cost  $1.25  per  day. 
Water  tax,  for  irrigation  $21 ;  Territorial,  county, 
school  and  poor  taxes — this  year  about  one-third  higher 
than  usual — about  $70.  N.  n.  barker. 
Weber  County,  U.  T. 
BUSINESS  BITS. 
IlEiiE  Is  a  glorious  tribute  to  tho  great  American  road,  from 
Rochester,  N.  Y.:  “  William  Keeley,  an  Inmate  of  the  Washington 
Soldiers’  Home,  spending  a  furlough  In  this  city,  was  smothered  to 
death  last  night  by  falling  face  downward,  into  a  muddy  roadway." 
Ax  English  dealer  was  recently  convicted  of  selling  ‘‘filled  cheese” 
—a  cheese  made  of  sklm-milk  with  beef  fat  and  lard.  Ills  defense 
was  that  the  mixture  was  "wholesome.”  Still  It  was  not  “cheese” 
and  that  Is  what  he  tried  to  sell  it  for.  Tons  of  the  stuff  are  sold  In 
this  country. 
F.  W.  Manx  of  Milford,  Mass.,  sends  us  a  sample  set  of  cutters  for  • 
his  green-bone  mill.  There  can  be  no  doubt  about  the  value  of  this 
mill.  It  Is  largely  used  by  poultrymen  and  all  speak  well  of  It.  The, 
use  of  cut  green  bone  for  poultry  food  Is  one  of  the  greatest  economies; 
of  modern  times.  The  Mann  bone  cutter  Is  a  money-maker  In  any 
poultry  yard. 
For  a  man  who  wants  to  locate  In  a  good,  paying  country  business — 
store  long  established  in  a  prosperous  neighborhood,  a  tine  chance  is 
offered  by  a  friend  of  Tins  R.  N.-Y.  The  property  Is  within  four  hours 
of  New  York  and  V/&  hour  from  Albany,  In  a  good  farming  district 
well  settled  by  prosperous  farmers.  Some  man  who  has  a  taste  for 
commercial  pursuits  can  make  a  good  thing  out  of  this.  Write  to  The 
R.  N.-Y,  for  fuller  particulars. 
CONFESSIONS  OF  A  MIDDLEMAN. 
“What  becomes  of  the  old  and  spoiled  poultry?  "we  asked  of  a 
man  formerly  in  the  commission  business. 
“  What,  the  ‘  fruit  ?  ’  That's  what  we  call  poultry  too  ripe  to  sell 
to  a  man  with  a  good  nose.” 
“  Yes,  where  does  It  go  to  ?  ” 
“  Most  of  It  is  worked  off  at  a  big  profit  by  Cheap  Johns,  who  buy  It 
up  on  purpose.” 
“  How  do  they  get  people  to  buy  It  ?  ” 
“  They  stick  up  a  sign  offering  poultry  very  cheap.  Some  economist 
comes  along  and  picks  out  a  good  bird.  The  dealer  is  very  anxious  to 
wrap  It  up  just  right,  and  takes  It  behind  the  counter  to  do  a  neat  job. 
Out  he  comes  with  a  fine  package,  and  the  buyer  goes  home  thlnkiDg  he 
has  made  a  bargain  that  will  tickle  his  wife  to  death.  When  he  opens 
the  package  that  bird  Is  strong  enough  to  knock  a  man  down,  and  they 
have  to  throw  it  away.  How  was  It  done  ?  Simply  enough.  He  didn’t 
get  the  bird  he  picked  out  at  all.  That  dealer  had  a  lot  of  ‘  fruit  ’ 
under  the  counter  all  nicely  packed.  While  the  customer’s  eye  was 
turned  he  slyly  substituted  the  ‘fruit’  for  the  good  bird.  Very 
likely  he  gave  him  short  weight,  too,  by  having  a  fine  wire  running 
from  the  bottom  of  his  scales  where  he  could  press  it  with  his  foot. 
When  the  customer  comes  back  to  make  a  row  about  It.  the  dealer 
’  never  saw  him  before  in  his  life  I  ’  ” 
“  Is  that  the  worst  of  it  ?  ” 
“  No.  lots  cf  this  ’  fruit  ’  is  eaten.  Cheap  restaurants  buy  it,  pack  It 
in  charcoal,  and  then  make  it  into  salad  and  similar  dishes.  It  all 
goes— with  plenty  of  mustard.  I  once  sold  three  tongues  every  day  to 
a  restaurant  keeper.  One  day  he  said:” 
“  One  of  those  tongues  was  a  little  rank.” 
“  Well,”  I  said  “  we’ll  make  that  good— take  anotherl” 
"  Oh,  no!”  said  he,  “  I  just  put  a  little  extra  mustard  on  It,  and  no¬ 
body  tasted  the  tongue!” 
