1892 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
8o7 
Live  Stock  Matters 
FORKFULS  OF  FACTS. 
In  the  experiences  of  a  California  poul- 
tryman  we  are  told  : 
He  finds  that  early  pullets  of  such 
breeds  as  White  Leghorn  and  some 
others  will  “earn  a  dollar  before  others 
turn  a  wheel.”  That  is  to  say,  they  will 
have  laid  two  or  three  dozen  high-priced 
eggs  in  fall  or  early  winter,  while  others 
will  not  report  for  duty  until  spring. 
This  is  our  experience.  The  Leghorn 
beats  the  world  as  an  egg  manufacturer. 
Bran  Butter. — Bran  as  a  feed,  of 
course,  is  to  be  judged,  as  all  other  feeds 
are,  by  the  cows  to  which  it  is  fed.  My 
cow  Nelly,  of  which  a  picture  was  given 
in  The  Rural  some  time  ago,  is  again 
milking,  and  a  few  weeks  ago  I  changed 
her  feed  from  whole  corn  meal,  to  all 
bran.  The  milk  gradually  came  up 
three  quarts  a  day  and  kept  so  steadily. 
Two  weeks  ago  the  feed  was  changed 
back  to  corn  meal,  and  the  milk  has  gone 
back  to  the  former  quantity — 19  quarts 
a  day.  But  the  butter  made  fell  off  in 
quantity  a  little  more  than  four  ounces 
with  the  bran,  and  has  returned  again 
to  the  original  quantity  with  the  meal. 
I  think  this  will  be  the  average  experi¬ 
ence  of  other  butter  makers.  The  bran 
butter  may  be  distinguished  on  sight  by 
its  lighter  color.  h.  stewart. 
No  Goats.  —  “Try  a  goat  as  an  ex¬ 
periment.”  Thanks;  no  goats.  I  once 
experimented  with  them,  the  doctor 
having  advised  goat’s  milk  for  baby. 
The  animal  was  an  unmitigated  nuisance; 
it  hadn  t  a  single  decent  trait  of  charac¬ 
ter,  and  it  took  both  Mr.  K.  and  myself 
to  milk  it.  Besides,  the  milk  was  kill¬ 
ing  baby,  though  it  might  have  agreed 
with  another.  It  could  not  be  told  from 
a  cow’s,  except  that  it  was  a  trifle 
sweeter,  and  had  no  perceptible  odor. 
I  noticed,  too,  that  no  cream  rose  on  it, 
and  have  learned  that  that  is  one  of  its 
strongest  points,  as  the  fat  particles  re¬ 
main  in  suspension  and  make  it  of  more 
uniform  quality  than  cow’s  milk.  Goat 
milk  is  undoubtedly  richer  in  butter 
than  cow’s,  which  is  just  what  might  be 
expected,  seeing  that  the  goat  itself  is 
all  “butter.”  MRS.  A.  A.  k. 
CONSUMPTIVE  COWS. 
DR.  BRUSH’S  VIEWS  CRITICISED. 
I  have  read  the  article  in  a  late  Rural 
under  the  caption,  “  All  About  Consump¬ 
tive  Cows,”  and,  believing  that  many  of 
the  statements  and  deductions  are  better 
calculated  to  mislead  than  to  instruct,  I 
desire  to  offer  a  few  lines  of  comment. 
As  an  offset  to  Dr.  Brush’s  assertion  that 
tuberculosis  has  its  origin  in  the  cow,  we 
have  the  opinions  of  many  of  the  most 
eminent  medical  scientists  to  the  con¬ 
trary.  Countries  have  been  named  in 
which  cows  have  existed  for  many  hun¬ 
dreds  of  years  where  consumption  does 
not  exist.  Such  a  theory  has  not  been 
established.  The  doctor  then  goes  on  to 
state  that  the  Channel  Island  cattle  are 
more  generally  afflicted  with  this  disease 
than  any  other  dairy  breeds.  He  attributes 
this  susceptibility  to  close  breeding  and 
adds  that  an  official  of  the  Bureau  of 
Animal  Industry  says  that  20  per  cent  of 
the  pure-bred  Jerseys  of  the  Northern 
States  are  affected  with  tuberculosis. 
This  may  be  the  same  official  who  stated 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  New  Jersey 
State  Board  of  Agriculture,  three  years 
since,  that  a  large  portion  of  the  cows  of 
that  State  were  so  affected.  This  was 
denied  at  the  time,  and  the  official  could 
only  reply  by  vague  assertions.  No  facts 
were  given  to  prove  this  wild  exaggera¬ 
tion.  At  the  next  annual  meeting  the 
President  of  the  State  Board  of  Health, 
after  a  thorough  investigation,  read  a 
paper  on  the  diseases  of  domestic  animals 
in  the  State,  and  declared  that  about  one 
to  two  per  cent  of  the  dairy  cows  were 
affected  by  tuberculosis,  and  most  of 
these  were  located  in  the  cities  and  vil¬ 
lages,  and  resulted  from  bad  sanitary 
surroundings  and  poor  feed. 
The  veterinary  practitioners  have  fre¬ 
quently  been  reported  in  the  Philadel¬ 
phia  newspapers,  as  asserting  that  10 
per  cent  of  all  dairy  animals  are  affected 
with  tuberculosis ;  and  one  prominent 
medical  gentleman  stated  that  milk  is 
almost  universally  adulterated  and  full 
of  disease,  and  unfit  for  use  as  food.  When 
confronted  with  this  statement  by  intel¬ 
ligent  and  honest  milk  dealers,  he  had 
nothing  to  say  to  justify  himself.  The 
truth  is  that  there  is  no  other  class  of 
cattle  owners  so  particular  about  the 
health  of  their  animals  as  the  owners  of 
Channel  Island  cattle,  and  it  is  probably 
true  that  no  other  cattle  are  so  free  from 
disease. 
Mr.  Geo.  Abbott  of  Philadelphia,  one 
of  the  most  enterprising  milk  dealers  in 
our  country,  has  undertaken  to  investi¬ 
gate  this  matter  of  tuberculosis  in  Chan¬ 
nel  Island  cattle,  in  a  scientific  manner, 
and  he  gave  the  results  of  the  first  exam¬ 
ination  of  over  40  herds  including  1,100 
Guernsey  and  Jersey  cows.  He  handles 
the  milk  of  probably  over  three-fourths 
of  all  the  thoroughbred  Channel  Island 
cattle  within  30  miles  of  Philadelphia. 
He  selected  six  graduates  of  the  Pennsyl¬ 
vania,  New  York  and  Canada  colleges. 
Every  one  of  the  1,100  cows  was  exam¬ 
ined  and  only  one  diseased  cow  was 
found.  Several  other  examinations  have 
been  made  and  the  supervision  has  now 
been  continued  for  one  year.  I  learn 
from  Mr.  Abbott  that  four  cows  have  been 
found  in  this  time  affected  by  this  dis¬ 
ease  and  have  been  slaughtered. 
The  examination  of  these  1,100  Channel 
Island  cows  has  continued  12  months, 
and  has  been  as  thorough  as  competent 
experts  could  make  it.  This  is  a  great 
reduction  in  the  per  cent  of  the  disease 
as  claimed  by  the  college  professors  be¬ 
fore  this  supervision  commenced.  Pour 
out  of  1,100  !  Readers  can  figure  the  per 
cent  themselves.  But  even  three-one- 
thousandths  of  one  per  cent  is  too  much  ; 
for  no  breeder  or  dairyman  should  be 
content  to  have  a  single  animal  in  his 
herd  with  any  disease  which  would  in¬ 
jure  the  product  of  his  herd  or  endanger 
the  health  of  the  consumers. 
Again,  the  doctor  declares  that  close 
breeding  necessarily  undermines  the  con¬ 
stitution.  Undoubtedly  close  breeding 
requires  more  knowledge  and  judgment 
as  to  the  animals  to  be  so  bred  than  are 
common  to  the  majority  ;  so  that  it  may 
be  the  wisest  plan  for  most  people  to 
avoid  it,  but  uniformity  in  form,  quality, 
and  even  vigor  in  constitution  have  sel¬ 
dom,  if  ever,  been  obtained  by  a  con¬ 
tinued  out-cross.  If  the  animals  so  bred 
have  been  nearly  perfect  or  as  free  from 
blemishes  as  possible  away  back  for  sev¬ 
eral  generations,  the  risk  of  breeding 
them  is  nothing  compared  with  the  un¬ 
knowable  results  of  an  out-cross. 
Look  at  the  trotting  horse  of  to-day ; 
does  he  lack  vigor?  He  appears  to  “get 
there  ”  sooner  than  his  mongrel  compe¬ 
titor.  Yet  the  trotter  is  as  closely  inbred 
as  the  Channel  Island  cow.  Compare 
the  Jewish  race  with  the  mixed  races. 
Which  are  the  most  exempt  from  con¬ 
sumption  ? 
From  the  conclusion  of  the  report  of 
the  Doctor’s  remarks  I  judge  that  he  pre¬ 
fers  cows  that  give  poor  milk,  and  not 
much  of  that,  as  he  states  that  all  great 
milkers  are  tuberculous,  silas  betts. 
A  FAIR  TEST  FOR  BRAN. 
The  Rural  asks  whether  I  gave  bran 
a  fair  test.  I  think  so.  The  theory  on 
which  my  cows  were  fed  during  the  time 
I  speak  of  was  to  feed  all  the  coarse  feed 
such  as  hay,  straw,  stalks,  etc.,  I  could 
get  them  to  consume,  and  then  feed  the 
grain  as  an  extra.  The  feeding  of  the 
bulky  stuff  was  lavish,  even  wasteful, 
and,  with  my  present  views,  I  could  win¬ 
ter  on  the  same  quantity  of  feed  double 
the  stock  I  then  did.  My  hay  was  cut 
early  and  averaged  very  good,  and  each 
cow  was  fed  all  she  could  get  “  outside  ” 
of  ;  and  it  was  a  very  pretty  sight  to  see 
these  animals  settled  for  the  night  and 
hear  the  sighs  and  grunts  of  satisfaction 
with  which  they  adjusted  themselves  to 
their  straw  beds.  The  milk  was  not 
weighed,  but  was  measured  by  the  cans. 
I  fed  the  cows  myself  and  strained  the 
milk,  and,  being  keenly  alive  to  the 
necessity  of  keeping  up  the  required 
number  of  gallons  of  milk,  I  could  not 
be  mistaken  as  to  the  outcome.  Then 
these  feedings  were  not  made  merely 
once  or  twice,  but  many  different  times, 
and  I  repeat  that  I  never  saw  any  gain 
from  feeding  four  quarts  per  day  extra 
of  bran,  nor  any  shrinkage  when  it  was 
discontinued.  But  bran  is  not  a  humbug, 
and,  were  I  now  farming,  I  would  feed 
it  liberally  for  the  health  of  the  animals 
and  the  fertility  of  the  soil  to  vhich  their 
manure  would  be  applied.  During  the 
time  I  fed  wheat  bran,  my  crops  were 
continually  increasing  ;  after  I  had  aban¬ 
doned  the  practice,  when  I  fed  only  at 
intervals,  depending  on  corn  and  oats  for 
the  grain  ration,  my  crops  were  good,  but 
did  not  show  the  increase  they  did  when 
bran  was  fed.  The  bran  was  spring-wheat 
bran,  ground  on  buhr  stones,  and  was 
very  much  richer  than  the  bran  of  the 
present  day.  e.  lambe. 
Warrenville,  Ill. 
In  writing  to  advertisers  please  always  mention 
The  Rural. 
LINSEED  OIL  MEAL 
Please  do  not  forget  that  our  OIL  MEAL  Is 
THE  BEST  FEED 
obtainable  for 
COWS,  BEEF  CATTLE,  HOGS  and  HOBSES. 
Market  price  must  soon  advance,  and  we  advlso 
your  taking  In  your  winter’s  supply  now. 
Please  write  us  for  quotations  and  other  particulars. 
DETROIT  LINSEED  OIL  WORKS, 
DETROIT.  MICHIGAN. 
S20-INVINCIBLE  HATCHER. 
AKE  your  poultry  pay 
rial  ORE  than  your  wheat. 
■•■ONEY  refunded,  If  this 
.  Incubator  does  not  hatch  as 
fl  well  as  any  one  made.  Send 
4«.  stamp  for  No.  23  catalog. 
BUCKEYE  INCUBATOR  CO. 
SPRINGFIELD,  OHIO. 
HOLSTEIN  COWS. 
Rockland  Park  Stock  Farm 
Offers  for  sale  choice  cows,  Imported  and  home-bred. 
Prices  low  to  quick  buyers.  Rockland  Park  Is  a  flag 
station  on  West  Shore  Railroad.  24  miles  from  Netv 
York.  For  further  particulars  call  on,  or  address 
A.  MACKELLAR,  Mgr.,  Rockland  Park,  Nyack,  N.  Y 
SHROPSHIRE  SHEEP. 
Imported  Rams  and  Ewes,  also  Ilome-bred  Shear¬ 
lings  and  Lambs  by  The  Sort,  a  son  of  Rare  Stamp, 
the  sire  of  the  sensational  shearlings  of  1891,  and  out 
of  Ewes  by  Bonnie  Beau,  sire  of  the  English  cham¬ 
pion  rain  of  1892.  Prices  such  as  will  command  sales. 
Address  RICHARD  GIBSON, 
Delaware,  Ont..  Canada. 
A  Good  Investment 
Don 
7^  It  would  be  a  good  investment 
- —  —  -  -  _  for  you  to  send  One  Dollar 
for  a  year’s  subscription  to  the  best  Horse 
Magazine  pub-  _  .  .  lished,and  receive 
as  premiums,  |  OU  free  of  auy  cost, 
the  following  handsome  and  useful  articles : 
/  Pat.  Springsteen  Bit  $1.50  TLiwLr? 
/  Grand  16  col. 16x24  ■  III  IlK.. 
Pict.of  Suno/,2 :08\,  $2.50  <£  ET  Art 
Am.  Horse  Monthly 
for  one  year - $1.50 
Send  one  dollar  $5.  for  SI.OO 
and  24  cents  for  postage  on  premiums  to 
AMERICAN  HORSE  MONTHLY, 
DETROIT,  MICH. 
^Sample  copy  and  circular  of  BIT  free.  5 
Feeding  Animals. 
This  is  a  practical  work  of  560  pages,  by  Professor 
E.  W.  STEWART,  upon  the  science  of  feeding  In  all 
Its  details,  giving  practical  rations  for  all  farm  ani¬ 
mals.  Its  accuracy  Is  proved  by  Its  adoption  as  a  text 
book  In  nearly  all  Agricultural  Colleges  and  Experi¬ 
ment  Stations  In  America.  It  will  pay  anybody  hav¬ 
ing  a  horse  or  a  cow,  or  who  feeds  a  few  pigs  or 
sheep  to  buy  and  study  it  carefully.  Price,  $2.00. 
Address  THE  RURAL  PUBLISHING  COMPANY, 
Times  Building,  New  York. 
LEVI  P.  HORTON’H 
ELLERSLIE  GUERNSEYS 
Largest  Guernsey  Herd  in  the  World. 
Cows  give 
6,000  to  11,000 
pounds  milk 
per  year  wlth- 
o  u  t  forcing;. 
Milk  from 
fresh  cows,  4)4 
to  7  per  cent 
fat. 
BULLS  ONLY 
FOR  SALE. 
H.  M.  COTTRELL,  Supt.,  RhinecllfT,  N.  V. 
High-Class  Jersey  Cattle. 
SUPERIOR  REGISTERED  A.  J.  C.  C. 
STOCK  ONLY. 
Tk  dam  of  one  of  our  SERVICE  BULLS  tested 
officially  30  pounds  2)4  ounces  butter  In  seven  days, 
and  gave  1891  pounds  of  milk  In  81  days.  For  another 
bull, sire  of  19  great  butter  cows,  we  refused  $15,000 
In  general  no  animal  for  lesB  than  $200;  occasionally 
a  bull-calf  for  $100,  when  marked  with  white,  which 
is  not  so  fashionable.  Inferior  onos  we  knock  in 
the  head.  No  catalogue  of  Jerseys.  Write  for 
what  you  want. 
MILLER  «  SIBLEY, 
Franklin,  Venango  County,  Pa. 
Mention  this  paper. 
Monitor  Incubator. 
New  Model. 
FIRST  PIIKMIU  M 
this  fall  at  Montreal, 
Canada  Exposition, 
Syracuse  and  Elmira, 
N.  Y.  great  Fairs. 
THE  MOST  SUC¬ 
CESSFUL  machine 
ever  sold.  Send  stamp 
for  catalogue  before 
buying.  It  will  be  for 
your  Interest.  DON’T  FAIL.  Address 
A.  F.  WILLIAMS,  Lock  Box  698,  Bristol,  Conn 
HIGH-CLASS  SHROPSHIRES I 
Our  second  Importation  for  1892  Includes  30  Bowen- 
Jones  and  Minton  yearling  rams,  now  weighing  220 
pounds  or  more,  to  shear  15  to  17  pounds.  Also  95 
beautiful  yearling  ewes.  Bend  for  catalogue. 
THE  WILLOWS,  Paw  Paw,  Mich. 
M 
The  Best  Poultry  Paper,” 
Sent  on  Trial  ^  Six  Months  for 
ONLY- 
CENTS, 
If  you  mention  where  you  saw  this  advertisement. 
Farm-Poultry  is  the  name  of  our  paper.  It  teaches 
how  to  make  money  with  a  few  hens.  Sample  copy 
sent  free.  I.  S.  JOHINSOiY  «fc  CO.  Boston  Mass. 
BONE  MEAL  for  poultry, 
Shells,  Flint  and  Beef  Scraps. 
Seiu^o^Je'v^jrlct^l  s  t. 
YORK  CHEMICAL 
WORKS,  YORK,  PA. 
“MORE  TESTIMONIALS” 
for  same  number  of  machines 
sold  than  any  other  hatcher 
MADE.  60  in  successful  oper¬ 
ation  at  Decatur,  Illinois.  W 
chicks  hatched  at  one  time 
with  a  200  egg  capacity  Reli¬ 
able  Incubator.  Send  4c. 
in  stamps  for  new  illustrated 
catalogue.  Address, 
Reliable  Incubator  &  Brooder  Co., Quincy,  III. 
SHEEP 
Cotswolds,  Southdowns, 
Oxford  Down  and  Shrop¬ 
shire  Sheep  and  Lambs  of 
superior  breeding.  We  are  booking  orders  now  for 
lambs  of  the  above  breeds,  We  also  have  a  choice 
lot  of  yearlings  and  two-year-olds  to  offer.  Write 
at  once  forprices  and  particulars. 
W.ATLEEBURPfeE&CO.,PHfLA.,PA. 
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