MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
VERBENAS. 
This is a bright, pretty class of summer 
flowering plants, continuing in bloom into 
late autumn, and of easy cultivation. It is 
extremely difficult to preserve them alive 
through the winter in dwellings, and is 
cheapest, on the whole, to purchase each 
spring of nurserymen. There are numer¬ 
ous varieties worthy of cultivation, but my 
especial design at this time is to recommend 
the following: 
Robinson’s Defiance .—Altogether the most 
•beautiful and desirable I have ever seen — 
though it is said there were some new sorts 
exhibited in Boston, last season, superior; if 
so they must be exquisite. The Defiance 
is a strong growing, robust plant, with pecu¬ 
liar foliage. It spreads far and wide, and the 
flowers are abundant and of remarkable bril¬ 
liancy—actually dazzling when the sun is shi¬ 
ning brightly. It is a jewel of a verbena 
No. 10.—A Seedling of Messrs. Ellwan- 
ger <fc Barry— a good kind, producing an 
abundance of white flowers, laden with a 
delightful, spicy perfume. 
If any lady reader of the “ Rural” de¬ 
sires to behold a verbena which is a verbe. 
na, let her direct her husband (for I do not 
write for those who employ gardeners) next 
spring to remove the earth within a circum¬ 
ference of 2\ feet diameter, to the depth 
of twelve inches, then loosen the soil at the 
bottom thoroughly with a bar. Put in 
some well-rotted fine manure as the earth 
is thrown back, and leave the surface not 
over two inches higher than the surround¬ 
ing soil, so that when settled it will come to 
about the same level. At the proper sea¬ 
son turn out of a pot, into the centre of the 
circle, a plant of the “Defiance,” give it 
water as occasion demands, and my word 
for it you will confess when you gaze upon 
its beauties, that you have received an am¬ 
ple reward for the labor. h. p. n. 
Brock port, N. Y., February, 1851. 
NATIVE FRUITS, 
The Native Raspberry.— There are 
two distinct varieties of the raspberry indi¬ 
genous to this country—-the red and the 
black. The former is common, and the lat¬ 
ter but seldom found. Both are easily cul¬ 
tivated, and good bearers: The method of 
treatment is the following:— 
Select good, light, and warm soil; dig it 
carefully and finely to the depth of a foot, 
and having smoothed and leveled the sur¬ 
face, draw your trenches much in the same 
manner as for asparagus beds, i. e., one foot 
wide and one deep. Fill these nearly to 
the top with decayed leaves from the forest, 
mixed with a little old dung, gypsum, lime, 
house-ashes and clay. Have ready another 
parcel of the same, and set your plants 
carefully along the trench, leaving spaces 
of twelve inches between the plants, and 
about three feet between the rows. As the 
plants arc placed in, draw around them the 
leaves, compressing the covering carefully 
above the roots, and finish off with a top¬ 
dressing of fine mould, one inch deep. All 
the pruning that is necessary is to cut out 
carefully the dead wood the first season, and 
to remove such branches as manifest evi¬ 
dences of injury or disease. If too tall to 
stand alone, supporters must be supplied. 
The fruit is excellent. 
The Blackberry.— The propagation of 
the blackberry, is similar in every respect, 
to that of the raspberry. It is a more hardy 
plant, however, and a better bearer. It de¬ 
lights in a rocky soil, on which it takes a 
strong and vigorous hold. Both the rasp¬ 
berry and blackberry may be “ headed in” 
with advantage when they run too high, or 
when there is a deficiency of laterals; but 
in ordinary cases this is generally found to 
be unnecessary. The quantity of fruit from 
these plants is oftentimes so great as almost 
to exceed belief. The berries ripen suc¬ 
cessively, and continue to be in eating till 
late in autumn. 
The Whortleberry. —This requires a 
thin, warm and sandy soil, and should be 
set in drills. With respect to the bushes, 
the order of arrangement should be close -in 
the lines, which may be divided by inter¬ 
tidal spaces of from one to three feet, ac¬ 
cording to the taste or convenience of the 
cultivator. The whortleberry is excited to 
its utmost vigor by a compost of rotten 
leaves, bog-earth and ashes. It is a hardy 
plant and generally does well on any light 
soil, if properly set. No trimming ismeces- 
sary, unless the bushes are old, where it 
will be necessary to remove the dead wood 
only.— Germantown Telegraph. 
Mulching. —A correspondent of the Hor¬ 
ticulturist mulched 50 trees out of 150, all 
ot which had commenced growth alike. 
Those which were mulched all lived. Of 
the hundred not mulched, fifteen perished, 
i he weather was hot and dry at rcidsummer. 
GENESEE VALLEY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
ANNUAL MEETING—ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 
At the Annual Meeting of this Society, 
held at the office of the Hon. Levi A. 
Ward, in Rochester on the evening of the 
3d inst, Jason W. Seward, Esq., was ap¬ 
pointed Chairman, in the absence of the 
President 
The minutes of the last annual meeting 
were read and approved. The report of 
the Treasurer was also read and approved, 
showing a balance ih his hands at the close 
of the year of fifty-six dollars. The So¬ 
ciety then proceeded to the election of offi¬ 
cers and committees for the ensuing year, 
whereupon the following gentlemen were 
elected: 
President— Levi A. Ward, Rochester. 
1st Vice President— Mathew G. Warner, 
Rochester. 
2d Vice.President— Henry P. Norton, Brock- 
port. 
3d Vice President— J. J. Thomas, Macedon. 
4th Vice President— Asa Rowe, Sweden. 
5th Vice President—S. Donallan, Greece. 
Corresponding Secretary— Dellon M. Dewey. 
Recording Secretary—J. A. Eastman. 
Treasurer— James H. Watts. 
COMMITTEES. 
On Fruits .—Patrick Barry, M. G. Warner, J. 
W. Bissell, Samuel Moulson, Alonzo Frost, Jas. 
Buchan, John J. Thomas, Jas. C. Campbell, Elias 
Pond, Isaac Hills, W. R. Smith, and L. B. Lang¬ 
worthy. 
On Trees, Shrubs, and Flowers. —Jno. Gray, 
Jas. M. Whitney, L. Wetherell, Francis Brown, 
Jr., and H. Billings. 
On Vegetables .—Jason W. Seward, James P. 
Fogg, John Rapalje, James Vick, Jr., and James 
Buchan. 
On Botany. —L. Wetherell, C. P. Dewey, Geo. 
H. Smith, J. W. Seward, and C. M. Booth. 
On Entomology. — L. Wetherell, and J. W. 
Seward. 
Executice Committee .—Levi A Ward, Mathew 
G. Warner, Patrick Barry, John Grey, Jason W. 
Seward, and L. Wetherell. 
On motion of J. W. Bissell, a committee of six 
were appointed by the Chairman on the part of the 
Society, to co-operate with the Executive Commit¬ 
tee of the State Agricultural Society in making 
arragements for the next State Fair, and especially 
to arrange the “Floral Hall.” 
The Chairman announced the following gentle¬ 
men as such Committe: 
Geo. Ellwanger, J. M. Whitney, H. E. Hooker, 
C. J. Ryan, Joseph Frost, aud R. Donallan. 
Mr. J. W. Seward presented specimens of a new 
variety of Potato, a seedling of Mr. H. N. Lang¬ 
worthy, of Irondequoit, which has been very suc¬ 
cessfully cultivated for market for two or three years 
past, by Mr. Mandeville, of Irondequoit. After 
some remarks by Mr. Seward and others, it was 
referred to the committee on Vegetables, to give a 
name to said Potato. 
Mr. J. W. Seward, the Special Committee ap¬ 
pointed at the last Annual Meeting, for the pur¬ 
pose of procuring members to this society, and so¬ 
liciting the co-operation of our Citizens in its be¬ 
half, having made his report, was re-appointed as 
such committee, together with Mr. W. C. Bloss, 
’ for the ensuing year. 
On motion of Mr. P. Barry, the thanks of the 
Society were presented to Mr. J. W. Seward for 
his successful efforts as such Special Committee 
during the past year. 
The thanks of the meeting having been presented 
to the Hon. Levi A. Ward, for a basket orf very 
fine fruit furnished for the use of the Society this 
evening, the meeting thereupon adjourned. 
J. A. Eastman, Sec’y. 
QUINCES ON THORNS. 
Some of the most beautiful Quinces we 
have seen the past autumn, were grown 
upon the common white thorn, so abundant 
in many of the fields in the country, that 
they seem quite a nuisance. There is no 
mistake in the matter, for we saw the same 
quinces just after they had formed, and 
watched them every time we passed that 
way, (which was often enough,) till their 
maturity, when they were large, fair, pos¬ 
sessed of the golden beauty and veritable 
odor of the Quince. Their taste, too, was 
that of the Quince, and they could be noth¬ 
ing else. 
The trees on which they grew were very 
beautiful, the stocks being from of an inch 
to l £ inches in diameter, and grafted about 
two feet from the ground. The grafts were 
from two to four feet in length, and were 
borne down with rich golden fruit 
The advantages of raising Quinces on 
thorns, are that they assume more of the 
character of trees, than Quince bushes will 
do without frequent pruning. Second, the 
stocks are hardy, being natives of our poor¬ 
est and most exposed soils. Third, they are 
not subject to the borer and other insects, 
as the Quince has proved itself to be. There 
are thousands of thorn bushes in our coun¬ 
try, which are now only eye-sores to the be¬ 
holder, and nuisances to the landholder, 
which by grafting in this way may become 
objects of great beauty, and highly pro¬ 
ductive value.— W. Bacon,in Horticulturist. 
Fruit Scions.— In answers to inquiries, 
we would refer those wishing Scions for the 
ensuing Spring’s grafting to the advertise¬ 
ment of Mr. J. II. Watts, in our advertising 
O j 
department Mr. W. can furnish Scions of 
the best varieties of Apples, and many of 
the Pears. Those who apply to liim may 
depend upon receiving what they order. 
. HOLTON k HARMS’ HARNESS MACHINE. 
time 
This machine forms the harness on the 
shafts ready for varnishing in a very uni- 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. 
For the week ending January 29, 1851. 
To Elisha Smith, of Albany, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in stoves. 
To F. N. Still, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provements in metal or second patterns for cast¬ 
ing- 
To M. L. Knapp, of Painesville, Ohio, for im¬ 
provement in abdominal supporters. 
To James Hanley, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in swivel-ribbed key. 
To Wm. Fields, Jr., of Providence, R. I., for 
improvement in the hydraulic ram. 
To Alfred Hathaway, of Boston, Mass., for im- 
l provement in pens for ruling paper. 
To Conrad Harris & P. "W. Zoiner, of Cincin¬ 
nati, Ohio, for design for stoves. 
PHOSPHATE OF LIKE. 
It seems singular that on the* property 
of the New Jersey Exploring and. Mining 
Company, about 12 miles from Dover, in 
that State—who it is well known, possess 
one of the richest mines of red oxide of zinc 
in the world—there should also have re¬ 
cently been discovered the only mine, it is 
supposed, of phosphate of lime that has 
anywhere been found in a mass. It occurs 
in a vein of rock, one side of which is gneiss, 
the other, serpentine. The vein of phosphate 
of lime is about six feet wide at the surface, 
broadening as it descends. It has been 
ascertained to extend two miles in length. 
A specimen has been analyzed by Dr. An- 
._— — form manner, and, by the perfect exactness tise11 ’ of J thi ;! \ ho s ! ates h }°. contaia 93 
[From the N. Y. Farmer and Mechanic.] j with which every motion is made, nothing P e r cent, of pure phosphate of lime. At is, 
In the last volume of our journal, we can exceed the beauty and perfection of th? >n fact, the same material as ealemed bones, 
described briefly this valuable invention of work performed. It requires no hand labor, isso ve en ire y in muiianc aci . 
Messrs. Simeon Holton, jr., and Wm. R. excepting merely the replacing of the spools ' V 0 b “ v , e SCOT ’ be ed ‘ t0 [ cf 
Harris, of Middlebury, Vt, for making of twine in the shuttles; and should the Newwk Advertiser, a spec.meii, but not the 
Weavers Harness not only with great desT least derangement in its operations occur, vein itsell, and presume there ,s ue doubt of 
patch, but of a most superior quality, the machine will instantly stop. One girl “s great value. It ,s an admirable manure, 
In accordance with the intimatioh then can attend to three machines; consequently, J" , artl0, I e “ w ! del y "? eded ‘ h f 0 ’ 1 ? h * e 
given, we now present our readers with one operator, by these machines, can per- hta [ e j 1“ * e vicinity, it must be largely 
I well executed engraving of this ingenious form the work of six by the old method. I*** 1 ’ a ? d ,la benell I s can be Ilmlted 
invention, with some additional facte in re- We would particularly call the attention b r obsta '! es ,0 chea P and cas T trans - 
gard to it It has now been in operation of manufacturers, and others interested, to P 01 ^ 100 ; cae arc e same as now 
in this city more than two weeks, and fully this machine. Information, in regard to P os6e f 6ed ty, be ;°™P aa P’ liaI) iely, 
realizes the expectation of the patrons, and rights on single machines, may be obtained a car p.°. Optecong lake, 
the numerous* machinists, manufacturers by adrdessing Geo. W. Harris, Worcester, down the lake to the Morris Canal, on which 
and others who have seen the machine at Mass. * ma y>, of ba easily transported to 
work, and the harness manufactured by it - "Z ZZ ZZ - a ” d NewYork M T Far • * 
Having ourselves seen the machine in opera- _ __ 
tion, and the result of its work, we have no The Dutch who are eelebratpd ns a ripn. mb . 
PAINTING. 
it may, of course, be easily transported to 
Newark and NewYork. N. Y. Far. & 
Meek. 
tion, and the result of its work, we have no The Dutch who are celebrated as a peo- 
hesitation m pronouncing it as perfect an p j e for t h e ir industrious and economical 
arrangement of machinery for this purpose, hab i ts , have a maxim, it is said, that “paint- 
gc axTCsv will nrnrliiPAfl . i* mi • -i i .i • . 
as ever will be produced. 
It is perfectly simple, ~b.£. ‘ hole being 
ing is no expense.” This, doubtless, is true. 
A coat of paint on woodwork, exposed to the 
SCALDING- MILK. 
arranged in an iron frame* ^occupying a atmosphere, tends greatly to preserve it, 
space only three by four feet, and the raa- aud as paint> wben of d ]it and weU “I noticed in your paper of September 
chinery all operated by two horizontal and put on j asts unimpaired for years the extra an ard(de ur -der the above caption, 
rvno xrovtipol cViaft nu Grrnnrrprl 1 r .■» * . cfaf/ac -flint in l^PvrvriQhirP TTrirylnn/'l 
bobbins filled with the twine, and placed b est color, especially in hot climates- all ’s clone in uevonsnire; Dunn uornwau, tne 
in the two front shuttle-boxes—the ends of dark color s having a strong tendency to ab- count y next adjoining, the process is, to 
the twine secured to the harness shafts, and sor h caloric or the matter of heat and bv stra ' u the milk in pans of about two and a 
the carriage moved to the left, till the right so doin „ to Vender houses much hotter than half g allons > and let c ° o1 ia the dairy.- 
harness shafts come opposite the ends of w h e n painted with pure white which reflects ® otne these daries are so constructed as 
the partitions between the shuttle boxes; One story houses which have had their to have a small stream of water to set every 
and during the movement of the carriage roofs pa inted with coal tar, or some other P an in to cooL li sll0uld be cooled before 
to the left, the heddle-cords of the right pa int of a dark color, are generally insuftera- scalding; the milk taken at night is scalded 
shaft are opened for the passage of the hly hot ' ° " w " the next morning; that taken in the mcrn- 
shuttle between them. The motion of the The out-buildings on a farm ought for * n »’ * n tbe rdternoon ’ G are must b e h&en 
carriage is then arrested; and the shuttles economy’s sake if nothino- more, to be paint- to P lace tbe P an over a slow fire ’ so slow 
are thrown simultaneously from the front ed- Any struc ture that has cost money that [t would take from thlrt y to fort y 
shutde-boxes into the rear one, carrying the ought to be preserved by every means and utes to br ™g rt to a scalding heat, which 
twine of the right shuttle between the hed- app i ication possible to be bestowed White can easil y be ascertalned b y noticing a slight 
die-cords of the right shaft, and_the twine washing the walls of sheds, and fences gives swe11 in the milL 1118 thea taken from 
of the left shuttle between the right shaft a ve neat and tasty appearance to an es- tbe fire and set awa y to coo] ’ as before.— 
and the centre or gauge rod that gauges tablishment, while the wash retains its bril- The cream is taken off m twenty-four or 
the size of the eye of the heddle. The car- w b ut as soon as that is a 0ne the thirt y hours from the Ume of milking, as 
nage is then moved back until the left shaft is t is unp i easant If a farmer possesses needed - Cream fron j milk * us , managed 
made to occupy the position that the right the means, by far the most judicious meth- is delicious -too good to talk about—and 
shaft had at the commencement of the oper- od is to bestow a good finish, and protect 80 ricb and thick ^at I have seen a com- 
ation, which movement will cause the hed- witb a coat of paint Durability is a prime mon dinner-plate laid in the pan on the 
die cords of the lett shatt to open, and those auabtv j n f arm buildings and thev who ex cream, without breaking the surface of the 
of the right shaft to close and will fold the 5end {heir money in furnishing g{od struc- cr eam.~ Cor. of Hollar Newspaper. 
twine over the right shaft and gauge rod, tures> at first> e e the ^ e di _ — --- 
and at the same time lift the twine of the tures which ch edifices ent ^ 0 / their Substitute for an ice House.— Take a 
lett shuttle to form a loop tor the passage owners f or annual reDairs large puncheon with one head, and bury it 
of the right shuttle, whilst returning to the Pain ’ t ann li ed to the ‘ farm! no- m.Pnsik in loose P orous eartb in some shad y P lacc i 
is done in Devonshire; but in Cornwall, the 
county next adjoining, the process is, to 
to the left, the heddle-cords of the right 
shaft are opened for the passage of the 
shuttle between them. The motion of the 
carriage is then arrested;' and the shuttles 
cream.— Cor. of Dollar Newspaper. 
Substitute for an ice House. —Take a 
large puncheon with one head, and bury it 
in loose porous earth in some shady place; 
Ui lue ngui snuuie, wnusi, reuunmg w> me p aint applied to the farmi utensil in loose porous eann m some snany piacc; 
trout box. The shuttles are then thrown sucb as plows, wheels, carts, etc , well re- or for aek of such earth, dig the hole larger 
back into the front boxes, passing between the cost; it preserves the wood, and a thaa tbe cask and bU .f ound .* P ebble *> 
the heddle-cords of the right shaft, the right we]1 painted; neat looki j nstr ument is al- 8and ’ cbarc 1 oa !’ and P[ ovlde a dram bea f th - 
shuttle passing through the aforesaid loop, waysusedwith mucb greater care and cir- ^ Iake a bole ia tbe bottom ^, tue cask > 80 
and connecting the eye side and loop side cumspection, than one that is not. The cost that it wdl not hold water, and leave a space 
Oi tlie hedale. . he enrriacre is then moved • . t , under it of some inches. Now take an irnn- 
C , 1 1 1 11 rrn - . , , VUUiOUVVWVU, DU«U VJUG U1C41 lO 1J.UU -LAIC 
of the Male. The carnage is then moved is a mere trifi and scarce , worth f be . 
to the leftt‘11 the guage rod is m the posi- ing taken int0 ac< . ount> P we con 4 mplate 
tion thatthe right shaft occupied at the com- th | utilit of the esi _ 0 „ T J[ 
mencement ol the operation; or, in other __ _ . _ _ _ 
words, until it stakes its place opposite the TEMPEST PROGNOSTICATOR 
ends of the partitions that divide the boxes. 
Another pause takes place in the movement Tiie Illustrated London News says: 
The shuttles are supplied with spools or Ad houses should be painted^ White is the correct > but cannot state for certain what J | 
hnbhins flU*>r? with thi* twinp rmrl nlaupf] 1 . . .1 . ■ 11 • 1 . . ,. ic Jnnp in DpvnnsLirp • hut. in Dornwall th« ) i 
a mere trifle, and scarcely worthy of be- ande " d< ? f ^ mcbes *. Now take an iron- 
; taken into account, if we contemplate bound tub, eight or ten inches less diameter 
3 utility of the process.— Ger. Tel. [ han tbe ! nside °/ tbe P anch( : on ’ WIth a 
____ hole also m the bottom directly over the 
TEMPEST PROGNOSTICATOR other. Fill the space between the tub and 
- cask with pounded charcoal and fit a tight 
T h e Illustrated London News says: “A cover on top and cover that with a bag of 
of the carriage, and the vibrating finger, is philosophical invention from Whitby appears, coal after it is filled with ice .—American 
then raised to catch the twine as the right in the form of a tempest prognosticator, Agriculturist. 
shuttle is thrown. The right shuttle is then whose accurancy is said to have been tes- --—- 
thrown into the opposite real box, the fin- ted by the storms of the last twelve months. Fried Pot AToes.—Thegoodold-fashion- 
ger moves to the right, carrying the twine Its inventor is Dr. Merry weather. ” We ed dish, which used to delight us in boyhood, 
with it to lorm a loop, the lifting finger have ascertained the above to be very cor- has gone so much out of use, that the fol- 
catches the lower portion of the twine that rect, and that the apparatus is to be exhibi- lowing directions for preparing it may not 
passes round the gauge rod and vibrating ed, for the first time at tbe Great Exhibition, be amiss:—-Take good sound potatoes and 
finger, and lifts it high enough to form a when a pamphlet will be published giving pare off the skins, and cut them into slices; 
loop lor the shuttle to pass through during an account of the discovery. The disas- have a pan of hot lard ready, immerse them 
its passage from the rear to the front box, trous storm of last month (October) was in it, and fry them over a brisk fire until a 
to form the knot. The fingers then drop foretold by the tempest prognosticator, and portion of the batch becomes partially 
out of the way on the gague rod, by means communicated by letter to the President of crisped; drain off the fat through a colander, 
of the vibrating finger. These operations the Whitby Philosophical Society 51 1-2 and serve them as hot as possible, seasoned 
complete the single eye of a heddle, and are hoars before it took place. We understand with a little salt only. They must be eaten 
performed in about 8 seconds. Theoperation that Merry weather intends to coniine the hot, or they are worthless. Sweet potatoes 
is repeated as long as the machinery is in the manufacturing of these instruments to cooked in the same way are delicious, 
motion. the artisans of Whitby.— Yorkshire Gaz. —Amer. Agriculturist. 
