^tiijCcUfllTCOlUp, 
THE RAINY DAY. 
BY NICK WARD. 
Tinkle, tinkle comes the ruin, 
Pattering on the window-pane ; 
All day long, from morn till night 
Careless that it gives delight. 
Doth it patter, patter there, 
Dree from each internal care, 
Joining with the noisy din 
Of the merry hearts within. 
I remember, when a hoy, 
Iiow its patter gave me joy; 
Now hut little more a man; 
More in years, but yonnger than— 
Bo it seems to me in thought— 
When its music often brought 
Pleasant, momentary chimes, 
Laughing whispers, mimic rhymes. 
How I loved, from all aloof, 
IJp beneath the mansion roof, 
Where no sounds might interfere, 
Hour by hour to sit and licar: 
Close beneath the rafters bowed, 
Voices of tiie Hying cloud; 
This to some might seem ideal, 
But to me the joy was real. 
’Twns a transient pleasure then. 
Transient ns the whims of men: 
Serves it yet for many a folly, 
Curing many a melancholy. 
Not the drops, but tho’tsthey bring, 
Jewels from an angel’s wing. 
Thus despite what others say, 
Must I love a rainy day. 
[Orleans Democrat. 
INFLUENCE OF THeTsEASONS ON VITALITY 
Spring lias come again,—bringing with- 
it sunny skies and green verdure. Every 
one feels rejuvenated at breathing its bland 
airs, and in listening to the soft carol of the 
spring birds. Every one too, will be loud 
in praise of “ the beauties of Nature,” as 
they go forth into the fields ’mid sunlight, 
song, and bloom. 
But too frequently, we opine, the buoy¬ 
ancy of feeling so generally experienced, is 
merely animal. Many never analyze their 
feelings, — and some, can hardly tell wheth¬ 
er any given emotion would be appropriately 
referred to their physical, mental or moral 
nature. Fewer still are those who regard 
the revolving seasons with a philosophic 
eye, or with a heart-felt devotion, enkindled 
by recognizing and comprehending the 
beautiful arrangements of Providence. 1 bus 
many lose the highest possible pleasure that 
can be derived from these arrangements; for 
all, after the great ulterior object of our Cre¬ 
ator, in so adjusting the machinery of nature 
as to produce enjoyment, was not simply to 
bless man as an animal, but through these 
adjustments, to stimulate and gratify the in¬ 
tellect, and expand and elevate the heart. 
Hence the physical sciences, in their 
highest office, aim not merely to state facts, 
or by their practical application, to give man 
ascendancy over matter,—but to lead us to 
appreciate and adore the Infinite Wisdom 
so manifestly exhibited in all the varied de¬ 
partments of nature. 
Our object in these preliminary remarks 
has been to prepare the way for explaining 
a beautiful astronomical phenomenon in its 
relation to animal life. God has so man¬ 
aged it, in the economy of nature, that 
though both animals and plants breath, 
they breath gases widely different;—the 
vitality of animals being sustained by oxygen 
while the respiratory aliment of plants is 
carbonic acid. Thus, animals consume ox¬ 
ygen and exhale carbon, while plants inhale 
carbon, and throw out oxygen,—so that 
they reciprocally produce vital aliment for 
each other, lienee the properties that are 
noxious to one are essentially necessary to 
the existence of the other. Thus the re¬ 
production of- these gases is also constant, 
and the equilibrium maintained. 
Now every schoolboy knows that the 
plane of the earth’s equator is inclined to 
the plane of the ecliptic, 23 deg., 28 min., 
thereby producing the varied seasons. We 
shall take it for granted that our readers 
are acquainted with the philosophy of the 
fact, and how the result is secured. Now, 
how does this affect animal life ? The wis¬ 
dom of the arrangement can be best explain¬ 
ed, as in many other cases, by supposing a dif¬ 
ferent state of things to exist. Let us sup¬ 
pose then, that instead of there being alter¬ 
nately, tlired months winter and summer in 
the northern and southern hemispheres— 
there is universal winter all over the globe 
three months, succeeded by universal sum¬ 
mer. Now by applying the principle of 
reciprocity, above referred to, it will be evi¬ 
dent, that were it universal winter the 
consumption of oxygen by animals could 
not be resupplied by vegetation; for they 
have shed their lungs, (the leaves) and are 
dormant. Now add to this, the vast amount 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YO RKERi AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
of oxygen taken up by winter fires, glowing 
all over the earth; and as a consequence 
there must soon be a deficiency of oxygen, 
fatal to all animal life,—manifested at first 
by stupor, then by insensibility, and finally 
by death. 
But this catastrophe is avoided by giving 
the earth’s equator an obliquity to the eclip¬ 
tic, that produces alternate summer and 
winter in the northern and southern hem¬ 
ispheres;—so that during our winter, while 
our vegetation has been sealed up in frost, 
the verdure all over the southern regions, 
has been breathing out life for us at the 
north, as well as for those at the south.— 
But soon bleak winter will reign there; then, 
plants here will breath out vitality for ani¬ 
mals there. 
Thus, the two hemispheres, by reciprocal 
action, like two mighty lurtgs, swell and 
collapse alternately, securing at once, life 
and order and beauty, on a scale magnifi¬ 
cent and grand. But it may be asked, from 
what source is oxygen derived during the 
transition from winter to summer, while in 
the southern regions vegetation is decaying, 
and while at the north, it has not yet suffi¬ 
ciently advanced to supply both hemispheres 
The answer, pre-eminently exalts God as a 
contriver; for he lias so organized vegeta¬ 
tion that in its decay, it shall give out a 
quantity of oxygen extra, equal to the ex¬ 
igency :—thus making decay wisely minis¬ 
ter to vigor and vitality in other forms. 
Now all this was arranged antecedent to 
man’s creation; presupposing either that 
man could be conformed to it, or else the 
model of man existed in the Divine mind, 
and the obliquity of the ecliptic was insti¬ 
tuted accordingly. The latter arrangement 
is most probable; as the earth was made for 
a race of prospective beings, as much as a 
house built for any given object, is con¬ 
structed with reference to the wants of its 
future occupants. b. w-. 
Wilson Coll. Institute, March, 1851. 
^)ovtrnit5 uuh lliogvnpljics, Jl<r. 0. CaM.es’ ittu&ann. 
A TOWER OF SKULLS. 
Lamartine, in his “Pilgrimage to the 
Holy Land,” writes as follows: 
“When I was about a league from Nias, 
the last Turkish town almost on the fron¬ 
tier of Servia, I saw a large tower rising up 
in the midst of the plain as white as Pari¬ 
an marble. I took the path which led to 
it. I desired a Turkish lad who accompa¬ 
nied me to hold my horse, and I sat down 
under the sluide of the tower to enjoy a 
few moment’s repose. No sooner was I 
seated than raising my eyes to the monu¬ 
ment, I discovered that the walls which I 
supposed to be built of marble, or of reg¬ 
ular rows of white stone, were composed of 
regular rows of human skulls, bleached 
by the rain and sun, and cemented by a 
little sand and lime, formed entirely the 
triumphal arch which now sheltered me 
from the burning sun; there might be from 
fifteen to twenty thousand. 
In some places portions of hair were still 
hanging, and waved like lichen or moss, 
with every breath of wind. The mountain 
breeze was then blowing fresh, penetrating 
the innumerable cavities of the skull, and 
sounded like a mournful and plaintive sigh. 
These were the skulls of fifteen thousand 
Servians who had been put to death by the 
Pacha in the last insurrection at Servia.— 
Servia, however, is now free, and this mon¬ 
ument will teach their children the value 
of independence by showing them the price 
at which their forefathers purchased it 
CLIMATE AND COLORS CORRELATIVE. 
There is a remarkable correspondence 
between the geographical position of a re¬ 
gion and the colors of its plants and animals. 
Within the tropics, where— 
“The sun shines for ever unchnngably bright,” 
the darkest green prevails over the leaves 
find plants, the flowers and fruits are tinc¬ 
tured with colors of the deepest dye, whilst 
the plumage of the birds is of the most va¬ 
riegated description, and of the richest hues. 
In the people, also, of these climes there is 
manifested a desire for the most striking 
colors, and their dresses have all a distin¬ 
guishing character, not of shape merely, 
but of chromatic arrangements. In the 
temperate climates, everything is of a more 
subdued variety; the flowers are less bright 
of hue, the prevailing tint of the winged 
tribes is a russet brown, and the dresses of 
the inhabitants of these regions are of a 
more sombre color. In the colder portions 
of the earth there is but little color; the 
flowers are generally white or yellow, and 
the animals exhibit no other contrast than 
that which white and black afford. A 
chromatic scale might be formed, its maxi¬ 
mum point being being at the equator, and 
its minimum at the poles.— Hunt's Poetry 
of Science. 
He who has most of heart knows most 
of sorrow. 
KOSSUTH, THE HUNGARIAN PATRIOT. 
One of the great and good patriots,^ f 
modern times, is Lewts Kossuth. There 
is a melancholy interest lingering around 
the unsuccessful struggle of him and his 
compatriots in arms. The Hungarian strug¬ 
gle enlisted the sympathies of every lover 
of human freedom the world through. On 
an equal field, it would have triumphed and 
taken a place with our own Revolution, and 
Kossuth been the hero and saviour—the 
Washington of his country. But the sun 
of that struggle has sat in the red blaze of 
blood, whether ever again to rise is only 
known to the Ruler of Empires. From a 
poor and obscure lawyer of the town of 
Pesth, Lewis Kossuth has become one of 
the noblest characters of History. 
Kossuth was born in 1806, in the north 
of Hungary. His father was poor, but the 
son’s perseverence and talents won him 
friends. 
“In 1835,” says the Western Literary 
Messenger, “ when so strong an opposition 
existed against the Austrian government in 
the Hungarian Diet, Kossuth; who was al¬ 
ready somewhat known as the founder of 
political clubs for young men, was employed 
to conduct an opposition paper. The pro¬ 
ceedings of the Diet up to this time had 
never been properly reported. The govern¬ 
ment would not allow the employment of 
stenographers, and the reports, as they ap¬ 
peared in the official journal, gave no idea 
at all of the real proceedings. All liberal 
speeches and propositions, as well as expo¬ 
sitions of the abuses of the administration, 
were entirely suppressed. Kossuth learned 
stenography, and undertook to give true re¬ 
ports. But, as it would be necessary to sub¬ 
mit his paper, if printed, to the censorship, 
by which everything liberal would be 
crossed out, he went to the immense labor 
of issuing it in manuscript. A great num¬ 
ber of persons were employed to copy, and 
thus it was sent in the letter form to every 
part of the country. This extraordinary 
manner of proceeding surprised the govern¬ 
ment, which for a time was at a complete 
loss what to do. It soon, however, took its 
resolution. Every one of these dangerous 
letters was put out of the way before reach¬ 
ing its destination. 
“ In the Hungarian Diet, which met at 
Presburg, Nov. 11,1847, Kossuth was elec¬ 
ted deputy from Pesth, to the lower house, 
in which he took from that moment a lead¬ 
ing part. It will be only necessary to enu¬ 
merate the decisions of this Diet from Nov. 
11 to Feb. 22, to see that a gigantic reform 
was going on in Hungary, even before the 
breaking out of the French Revolution, and 
the subsequent movement in Germany. The 
following were among its decisions:—Free¬ 
dom of the peasantry’ to change their place 
of abode (they were before attached to the 
soil, as under the feudal system,) and unre¬ 
stricted freedom in the selling of landed 
property (abolition of hereditary property, 
such as exists in England) — abolition of 
tithes, for a fixed compensation—liberty for 
strangers to settle in the country—the tax¬ 
ation of all classes equally (the nobles were 
formerly exempt)—emancipation of the Jews 
— language regulations, by which the Croa- 
tians are permitted to use their own lan¬ 
guage in conducting their interior affairs— 
eight millions set apart to encourage manu¬ 
facturers, and construct roads. On the 22d 
February, still before the revolution at Pa¬ 
ris, Kossuth used the following words in a 
speech:—‘Since 600 years, we have formed 
a constitutional state; we wish therefore that 
ministers sit on these benches to hear and 
answer our questions. From this day forth 
we wish to have a Hungarian ministry.' 
“ Five days after, the news of the move¬ 
ment at Paris reached Presburg. The con 
duct of Kossuth at this time not only con¬ 
tributed more than that of any other man 
to rouse up the Hungarians to demand their 
rights, but also had great effect in exciting 
to activity the people of Vienna itself. He 
was at the head of the deputation, which, 
the 16th March, demanded and obtained 
from the Emperor, a separate Hungarian 
ministy. From this time forth he was the 
soul of the Hungarian Diet. As dangers 
and difficulty came, his influence increased. 
On the 11th June he became finance min¬ 
ister. June 17th broke out the war with 
the Servians. Aug. 25th with Croatia.— 
Sept. 20th he was president of the ministry. 
Sept. 26th appears the “Imperial manifest,” 
which produces the open rupture between 
Hungary and Austria. At the head of the 
| committee of safety, Kossuth now conduct¬ 
ed Hungarian affairs. His history since is 
that of Hungary itself, which we need not 
repeat here.” 
After the Hungarian Revolution was 
crushed, Kossuth fled from his country' with 
a price set upon his head. He has since 
been a prisoner in Turkey, harrassed and 
hunted by the power of the Russian Ty¬ 
rant The illustrious Exile now turns to 
America as an asylum from the persecu¬ 
tions of his enemies. He will be welcome 
to our shores, our hopitalities and our soil. 
As an orator, Kossuth is fiery and thrill¬ 
ing, rousing his countrymen like a clarion 
blast. As a man and a patriot, he is up¬ 
right and pure. Hungarian Freedom may 
find a grave where the Magyars have bled 
and died, but the Hero will live in the 
scripture of Fame.— Cayuga Chief. 
TIIE GUTTA PERCHA TRADE. 
The history of gutta percha, or gutta ta 
au, as the learned tell us the best quality 
of the gum ought to be called, is brief but 
not uneventful. Previous to 1844, the very 
name of gutta percha was unknown to 
European commerce. In that year two 
cwt. of it was shipped, experimentally, from 
Singapore. In the first four and a half 
years of the trade, 21,598 piculs of gutta 
percha valued at $274,190, were shipped 
at Singapore, the whole of which were sent 
to England, with the exception of 15 piculs 
to Mauritius, 470 to the Continent of Europe, 
and 922 to the United States. 
But this rapid growth of the new trade 
conveys only a faint idea of the commotion 
it created among the native inhabitants of 
the Indian Archipelago. The jungles of 
Johore were the scenes of the earliest 
gatherings, and they were soon ransacked, 
in every direction, by parties of Malays and 
Chinese, while the indigenous population 
gave themselves up to the search with a 
unanimity and zenl only to be equalled by 
that which made railway jobbers of every 
man, woman and child in England, about 
the siime time. The knowledge of the arti¬ 
cle stirring the avidity of gatherers, gradual¬ 
ly spread from Singapore Northward as far 
as Penang, Southward along the East coast 
of Sumatra to Java, Eastward to Borneo, 
where it was found at Bruno, Sarawsk and 
Pontianak on the West coast at Iveti, and 
Passe on the East 
FEMALE INFLUENCE. 
It is delightful to me always to meet, on 
such an occasion as this, so many females. 
Wherever woman goes, you may look for 
something good; to whatever they give their 
countenance and support you may depend 
upon it that success is to bo looked for.— 
Whenever they give their support to insti¬ 
tutions of this kind, by coming out and lis¬ 
tening to lectures, by giving their aid, their 
support, their example and their presence, 
it argues favorably for the cause. Now let 
me tell you, my female friends, that you 
have a greater part to perform, in the busi- 
nessofeducatingchildren, than any body else. 
I remember twelve or fifteen years ago, 
while at home, I, for the first time, possess¬ 
ed myself of the letters of Mr. Adams’ 
mother, and read them with exceeding in¬ 
terest. I remember an expression in one 
of the letters addressed to her son, while 
yet a boy ot twelve years old, in Europe; 
says she—“ I would rather see you laid in 
your grave, than that you should grow a 
profane and graceless boy.” On my return 
to Washington I went over to Mr. Adams’ 
seat, one day, and said I,—“ Mr. Adams, I 
have found out who made you!” “ What 
do you mean ?” said he. I replied, “ I have 
been reading the letters of your mother!” 
If I had named that dear name to some 
little boy, who had been for weeks away 
from his dear mother his eye could not have 
flashed more brightly, or his face glowed 
quicker, than did the eye and face of that 
venerable old man when I pronounced the 
name of his mother. He started up, in his 
peculiar manner, and emphatically said — 
“ \ es! Mr. Briggs, all that is good in me 
I owe to my mother.” Oh what a testimo¬ 
ny was that, from this venerable old man, 
to his mother, who had in his remembrance 
all the scenes of his manhood! “All that 
is good in me I owe to my mother!” Moth 
ers! think of this when your bright eyed 
little boys are about you! Mothers make the 
first impression upon the minds of their 
children, and those impressions will be the 
last to be effaced.— Gov. Briggs' Lecture. 
THE WITCHCRAFT OF WOMAN. 
I want to tell you a secret. The way 
to make yourself pleasing to others is to 
show that you care for them. The whole 
world is liko the miller at Mansfield, « who 
cared for nobody—no not he, because no 
body cared for him.” And the whole world 
will serve you so, if you give them the 
same cause. Let every one, therefore, see 
that you do care for them, by showing 
them what Sterne so happily calls, “ the 
small sweet courtesies of life,” those courte¬ 
sies in which there is no parade, whose voice 
is too still to tease, and which manifest them¬ 
selves by tender and affectionate looks, and 
little kind acts of attention —giving others 
the preference in every little enjoyment at 
the table, in the field, walking, sitting or 
standing. This is the spirit that gives to 
your time of life, and to your sex, their sweet¬ 
est charm. It constitutes the sum total of 
all the witchcraft of woman. 
Let the world see that your first care is 
for yourself, and you will spread the soli¬ 
tude of the upas tree around you, in the 
same way, by the emanation of a poison 
which kills all the juices of .affection in 
its neighborhood. Such a girl may be ad¬ 
mired for her understanding and accom¬ 
plishments, but she will never be beloved. 
The seeds of love can never grow but under 
the warm and genial influence of kind feel¬ 
ings and affectionate manners. Vivacity 
goes a great way in young persons. It 
calls attention to her who displays it; and, 
if it then be found associated with a gene¬ 
rous sensibility, its execution is irresistible. 
On the contpiry, if it be found in alliance 
with a cold, haughty, selfish heart, it pro¬ 
duces no further effect, except an adverse 
one. Attend to this my daughter. It flows 
from a heart that feels for you all the anxi¬ 
ety a parent can feel, and not without the 
hope which constitutes the parent’s highest 
happiness. May God protect and bless you. 
— William Wirt to his Daughter. 
EDUCATE YOUR DAUGHTERS. 
A writer says:—“When I lived among 
the Choctaw Indians, I held a consultation 
with one of their chiefs respecting the suc¬ 
cessive stages of their progress in the arts 
of civilized life; and among other things, he 
informed me at their first start they fell in¬ 
to a great mistake—they only sent their 
boys to school. 
They became intelligent men, but they 
married uneducated and uncivilized wives, 
and the uniform result was, that the chil¬ 
dren were all like the mother; and soon the 
father lost all interest in both wife and chil¬ 
dren. ‘And now,’ says he, ‘if we could 
educate but one class of our children, we 
should choose the girls; for when they be¬ 
came mothers, they would educate their 
sons.’ This is to the point, and it is true. — 
No nation can become fully and permanent¬ 
ly civilized and enlightened, when the moth¬ 
ers are not, to a good degree, qualified to 
discharge the duties of the home work of 
education.” 
