MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
NOVEMBER - SEASONABLE HINTS. 
November makes a grand entree, and, 
with wind, rain, sleet and snow, gives us a 
foretaste of wliat may be expected from his 
hard-visaged and uncompromising success- 
or—Old Winter. With a portentous sky 
and bleak chilling blast, the burly advance 
guard proclaims the rapid march of the re¬ 
lentless conqueror, and warns all to pre¬ 
pare for the reign of the ice-bound mon¬ 
arch. Necessity, as well as politics, makes 
strange bed fellows—and as the advent of 
the chilly king cannot be prevented, we will 
e’en sound a few notes of preparation, in 
the hope that our readers will give him a 
warm reception. 
Prepare for Winter! Every farmer 
will find enough to do in making ready— 
in rendering everything comfortable for 
mari and beast. Secure the fall crops from 
exposure and waste. Apples, potatoes, 
and garden vegetables require early atten¬ 
tion, if not already secured. Finish husk¬ 
ing corn at once, else the boys will have 
numb fingers and cold noses before the job 
is completed. 
Though yo'u may not market it at present 
prices, thresh out all the grain in your 
barns, and secure it against the depreda¬ 
tions of vermin. Better sell a part or all 
at once, if you are in debt, (which heaven 
forfend! ) rather than wait for an advance 
of prices, and be obliged to mortgage the 
homestead to raise money. 
In fattening swine, remember the great 
advantages of cooked over raw food, and 
give the matter the attention demanded.— 
“ Economy is wealth.” 
See to the drainage of your wheat fields 
after the present heavy rains. Prompt at¬ 
tention to this will add much money to thy 
purse, and by increasing the yield make 
some amends for a low price. 
Remember that fall plowing has its ad¬ 
vantages, and don’t neglect it during the 
(if we have any) pleasant days of Novem¬ 
ber. At this season the team is strong, and 
the weather generally more favorable for 
breaking up grass land than in the spring; 
— and, beside, the latter is a very busy sea¬ 
son with all farmers. By turning over land 
late, no vegetation will start, the frost will 
kill grass roots, and leave the soil in a fine 
condition for a spring crop. It will also 
head the arrangements of worms and in¬ 
sects, and many of them will be destroyed. 
See that your stock is well cared for.— 
“ The merciful man is merciful to his beast.” 
All stables and yards should now be in or¬ 
der, ready for use. Warm shelter for do¬ 
mestic animals is, to a great extent, an 
equivalent for food—and much cheaper.— 
If exposed to storms and severe cold, they 
will require much more forage to carry 
them through the winter. And remember 
that the bleak, inclement weather of No¬ 
vember is more trying than ordinary win¬ 
ter weather. Make provision, also for water¬ 
ing your stock conveniently. 
Look to the comfort of your household. 
See that leaky roofs and broken windows 
are repaired—your cellars banked and se¬ 
cured—stoves put up beyond the possibili¬ 
ty of danger from fire, (even if you are, as 
you should be, insured in a safe company) 
—and that you have a supply of good fire 
wood under cover. 
Don’t neglect the Orchard and Garden. 
Trees may be transplanted, in dry soils, 
most of the month. Many kinds of tree 
seeds may also be sown now—such as ap¬ 
ple, pear, peach, plum and cherry—but 
only in dry, light and mellow ground. The 
early hard frosts are most injurious to ten¬ 
der roses, shrubs, &c., and they should be 
protected in due season. IT not already 
done, take up Dahlia roots and place them 
where they will be free from frost 
In attending to physical wants, and mak¬ 
ing provision for stomach and purse, do not 
forget the intellectual man. As much care 
should be bestowed in the selection of men¬ 
tal aliment, as upon food and clothing for 
the physical man. Look to the schools 
your children attend, and see that compe¬ 
tent and exemplary teachers are secured. 
Furnish your family with pure and useful 
books and papers — avoiding all-yellow- 
covered literature, whether in pamphlet or 
newspaper form, as you would poison.— 
Lend a portion of influence, now and then, 
toward increasing the circulation, and thus 
extending the benefit, of the works which 
are helping to make the fortune of the country 
— Agricultural Books and Periodicals. 
OLIVE CULTURE IN THE U. S- 
It appears by a newspaper paragraph 
that the culture of the Olive has been 
commenced in the southern States. We 
see no reason why it should not be success- 
A FEW OF THE BENEFTS OF AGRICULTU- the finest one he could find in the country. 
RAL SOCIETIES. And wb y d j d j ie do ft ? Because he knew 
m . . ' “ . , . . he could get the premium. There are now 
The question is often asked, are Agn- babl b 500 descendants from this horse, oi uie veriest 
cultural Societies any benefit to the people ^ W( ^ h $25 more than the same num _ return from Europe says:.- 
in general ? I reply they arc They hold ber w(?re before this horse was brought in “ \ here 13 110 P ace llk 
AMERICA AS A HOME. 
Mr. Barry, editor of the Horticultural 
department of the Genesee Farmer, on his 
e home.” 
see no reason why it should not be success- ann ual Fairs at which are exhibited every tb j g t tb(< country jq ere W e°have traveling over a great portion of the most 
ful, and this valuable oil become one of the thing new (or ought to be) under the sun. Lqq -yy-jj not that'pay for spending fertile and best cultivated districts of Eu- 
staple products of that section of the Union. It is the Farmer’s and Mechanic’s holiday; ^ or tbree days at a Fab .9 1 & rope, in the most favorable season of the 
The yield is said to be abundant, the cul- tbe 7 assen ?bJ e t0 3ee . the w0! : ks of N. O I don’t know but twill. ' But you ) 7ear > 1 f n now ’ °" m y f turn f borne, sit 
hire easv and inexpensive and the manu- th T nei S hbors ’ to hear their experience w a lowi matc h, where they most d ? wn and write deliberately, - there is no 
hire easy and ne pc s e, n .e and to pass two or three days profitably and kiU their oxen to see who can plow the fast- vlace like home .” I verily believe that 
facture of the oil a very simple process. 
Anew variety is mentioned in the Pat¬ 
ent Office Report, in a letter from L. W. 
pleasantly. 
Profitably, did I say ? This puts me in 
mind of a conversation w'hich took place 
between one of mv neighbors and myself, 
est; what good duz that du ? 
R. Yes, you would most kill your oxen 
place like home .” I verily believe that 
there is not in the world a spot, that, taken 
all in all, is more favorable to the success¬ 
es Office Report, in a letter from L. W. ™inu OI a conversation wmeu iutm and e]f> to bave done wbat we did 
Tixelli, Esq., 0. S. Consul at Oporto.- b £ twee " on ? of f m - v ' , | c 'S bb ? re plowing match, with one of your < 
It has recently been introduced into France I11 S IE' oJ ' ‘ straight wooden mouldboard plows such 
did at bd prosecution of agricultural pursuits than 
old our own G enesee Valley. There are milder 
It has recently been introduced into France wby be d ; d not attend, 
and some parts of Spain and Portugal and Neighbor. O, I neve 
bears an abundant crop the second year nothin’ about goin’, as I 
after planting. The Olive tree of the an- Twas time thrown away. 
, . c , , ir* Reply. Perhaps you 
cients is of slow growth, and lives to a . . 1 , , ,, r J , 
° ly investigated the math 
climates and more equable temperatures, 
where a greater degree of personal health 
why he did not attend. I have seen used among farmers who never wl \ ere a f eater de S ree ? f health 
Neighbor. O, I never went, nor cared attended a lowi ma ° tch or read an agri- and comfort ’ 30 far _ a3 tbe y d ®P end /P oa 
nothin about goin’, as I alers thought that cu]tural ? ^ us are tw0 f ar _ climate, are enjoyed; but nowhere that I 
’twas time thrown away. _ _ mftrs for vftar . onft with \ he 0 i d fasb _ have been, does the earth yield such boun- 
after planting. The Olive tree of the an- lwas ™uwn away mers for Qne one with the o]d fash . uccn, tue ™ y «iu such uou 
cients is of slow growth, and lives to a . Re ^;. Perhaps you have not thorough- ioned p l 0 w, theother with Prouty & Mears’, tiful crops under such simple treatment. 
b ’ ly investigated the matter; you only think p r , vr , (r \r q<:rin >o n i d Nowhere have I seen such wheat and cc 
great age, but does not bear much under of th e days of the Fair, and not of the fu- fasbion ^ ma with p i ow to match, has five tields > SU( j h na ^ ura J fores ; s ’ f ch a PP le > P € 
thirty years old. I his new shrub or dwarf ture benefits. - - 1 • o n J Moot oi.aL o, 
Olive is but four or five feet high, and 
may be grown from cuttings. Its fruit is 
larger than the common olive, of fine green 
high, and N. I don’t see what future benefits can fieW with hjs ]( f w and tl . ie s to tum over 
Its fruit is come from splendin’ tew or three days and the n g0(] eve other st the fur . 
fine o-reen a . nd - aS man y d ? ars ia w a I ou ^ a an row wan t s a kick and by working hard with 
..V,. Agricultural Fair; my father alers got along handa and feet, he is enabled to root un a 
or Ruggles, Nourse & Mason’s" The old Nowhere have I seen such wheat and corn 
fashioned man, with plow to match, has five fields ’ su " h na ^ ura J forests, such apple, pear 
acres of corn to plant. He goes into the a nd peach orchards, such fruitfulness, and 
field with his plow and tries to turn over sach luxuriance of growth, as here But 
the green sod ; at every other step the fur- thls ]S not a11 ’ wher f else 0 can ^ find sucb 
row wants a kick and by working hard with a Prosperous population ? such an equal 
i nn ,i „ distribution ot wealth and fortune; such an 
at from 18 to 22 cents each. 
DISCOVERY OF NEW FARMS. 
Lawyers have known for a long time his breed of cows, the time the butter was 
that a landholder owned ever so far down made, the kind of feed the cows had, the 
below the surface. But farmers never have number of times they were milked in a day, 
If any one feels dissatisfied here with his 
below the surface. But farmers never have number of times they were milked in a day, no lose mould —and'consequently it takes come homo fully reconciled and devoutly 
seemed to suspect, that their deeds gave whether the milk was set in cold water or seven (lavs to plant it. At the first hoeing thankful - Thesc « "> o«r feeling* . least. 
them any right to more than about six inch- hot, the time the milk stood before skim- lhe com 'looked as if it had the yellow fe- -- 
es of the surface. Nobody hardly has ming, the time the cream stood before ver —but he drags his old plow through, peaouxs aule uiwim 
thought of looking deeper than that, ex- churning, the number of times the butter s ] 10v i n g the clods over the corn; he spends Rake up leaves from the woods as they 
cept the diggers ot gold and water. \Y e was worked, the quantity of salt used, the seven days at eacb ] l0e ing—but few at fall, and put them in the compost heaps.— 
have all heard of the classics being covered manner of preserving the butter, &c. He gatbe ring. Cart head lands to the manure shed. Have 
alloyer by the prosy homilies of the monks gets the premium. Is not that a benefit? We w m now l 00 k at the other fiirmer, a f) - 0 od sunnlv of materials suitable for 
We will now look at the other farmer, 
Rake up leaves from the woods as they 
fall, and put them in the compost heaps.— 
Cart head lands to the manure shed. Have 
a good supply of materials suitable for 
to fatten more cattle than you can fully 
supply with food, or they will not after¬ 
farm. There, since the deluge, lies undis- | e vervthin«\ 
x_i_ . .i xi. _ _ _N_ i t> , i A __ P 
turbed the fertilizer, usually hard, 
half roll back, it leaves it nicely inverted.— make piles of your root crops, beets, tur- 
R. We will take fruit, and see if that By having his piow run so much easier, nips, carrots, &c., on high places and cover 
of the grains and annuals cannot penetrate j s not a i so a benefit. A few years since, and cutting such a nice straight furrow, he with one inch of dry straw, and then with 
it. There it is and has been accumulating - br0 ’t some Baldwin apples to our is enabled to save one day’s work in the twelve inches of dry soil; leave small open- 
for thousands of years, insoluble, except Fa ir, and received the first premium; and first plowing. As good plowing makes easy ffigs at the top for escape of air, and dig a 
when roots apply themselves to it. Not what was the consequence ? Why,thefol- harrowing, he here saves another day’s work trench around the heap, with a gutter lead- 
one farmer in ten ever plows deeper than lowing spring I went for some grafts, and with his team and still has his ground in ing off to a lower spot, thus keeping the 
five inches. The roots cannot get at the be afterwards told me that he gave away all good order for the reception of the seed. pile dry. Do not forget that corn is more 
mine below—it is too hard. He .cannot af- that were small enough for grafts, and he When a field is thus commenced, the valuable when changed to fat than when 
ford to buy guano or bone, but he can af- believed they would have taken the body crop is easily taken care of through the found in the hog manure; and to se- 
ford a subsoil plow. Let him go down fif- 0 f the tree if they could have used it.— season, and I think all will agree with me cure the first condition, cook it before 
teen inches into his good farm below and he Those which I have obtained have com- in saying, that will save at least two day’s feeding to hogs, or your manure will be 
may have a new farm good for fifteen years m enced bearing, and if others have given work in planting, and at each of the three very rich, at too high a cost. Mr. Ellsworth 
to come. aw r ay grafts as I have done, you can see hoeings, or eight days in all; equal to $8 has satisfactorily proved that one pound of 
I never thought until this year that my how widely they are spread at the present Good plowing also helps make a good crop cooked corn will make more pork than two 
loose, sandj 7 , gravelly land wanted subsoil- time. If a large apple which is beautiful —say six bushels more to the acre, or 30, pounds fed in the raw state.— Working 
ing! It is so very loose that I almost to the eye and delicious to the taste, is any bushels on the lot, which at sixty cents a Farmer. * 
wade in it. But nevertheless, this year I better than a small, mean, sour one, which bushel, would be $18. Here we see he _ ' '"T, ~ 
have subsoiled 12 to 14 inches deep, and to bite is enough to make a pig squeal, (I saves $12 in work, and makes $18 in his WINTE RIN CA 
my corn on that tillage has given me a am sorry to say so many pigs will eat them) crop; equal to $30 on the single field of Young calves should never be confined 
double crop. I found the bottom of my are not Agricidtural Societies a benefit? To corn—would not a good plow be of equal j yards with yearlings or cattle older 
very loose top soil hard packed; the annu- calculate the profits of taking this basket of benefit to other crops? than themselves. As they are' inferior in 
al plants could not put their roots through fruit to the Fair, is more th in figures can The man with his improved plow is of stre tb tb are consequently often in- 
it. My double crop has succeded in spite express; for who would have known that course a member of an Agricultural Soci- i uredb y tbe pushing and crowding of their 
of a pretty severe drought. I have for such fruit existed, if they had not seen it ety. They hold a plowing match at some J mQre sl ^ rd Companions, and often serious- 
many years always plowed to the depth of there. 1 have only spoken ot one kind ot given time, and 2,000 men assemble to see . m aimed or destroyed outright If you 
nZsihl Irt lav i mrl.oo Knf tlxiC! coocnn T ft-nil tvnnnrtf fnr PyIhKUKSTI * RTlfl t.bpVP th/x xir/xy-L nftrrnPfl Tin prmxpo Y,7if-l-» lxio - 0 J 
Farmer. 
WINTERING CALVES. 
are benefited as the man mentioned above, 
larger than the — dive, of fine green ’"d disSS d ' 
color, and veryncl, in oil. An acre affords well nll f, and he never went to one on uni. smaU tch j,/ the c(mrst . of the d ay. P It abs , el ’“ of want a,ld pnvation such a gen- 
space for 2,o00 plants, and good, well-root- ^ j jet me exp l a i n to you a little. We takes bim sjx days to stub over h j s five eral diffusion of education, and such a uni- 
ed Olive bushes may be procured at Oporto will take the article of butter. We offer a acrps T t tben takes b ; m two davs w ; tb versal enjoyment of every right and privi- f 
at from 18 to 22 cents each. premium of five dollars for the best butter; | iarr0 U t0 r0 £ over tUe c , ods try t0 lege that men in a civilized society can ask ; 
- -- a man who takes an agricultural paper long rae llow it up. A great part of the sods for T - . . .. . C1 . 
DISCOVERY OF NEW FARMS. enough to see wbat is for his own interest, vy b i cb were disturbed bv the nlow are now an ^ one feels dlssatlshed here Wlth his \ 
1 • • 1 XI_ 1. _ i_ll . ... . j f * lrxf m. lino otitt lionlrm-mo. oftnr enmn Jiotont 
of the Middle Ages; in consequence of pp. O yes, it helps him five dollars; but wffio has the same quantity of land, the same bedding near the stables. Do not attempt 
which generations have been content with w hat help is it to any one else ? kind of soil, and like it in every respect.— to fatten more cattle than you can fully 
the comparatively worthless surface parch- R He brings in his statements; these He goes into his field, with his long improv- supply with food, or they will not after- <1 
ments, m ignoiance o t le uch deposits be- are pub li s hed in the newspaper, which is ed plow, and lays out his work. If the wards flourish w 7 cll, even if fully supplied. , 
neath. Uur agriculturists have had a sim- read b 500 peop ] e wbo make bu tter; they question is asked, are long plows any better Young cattle cannot be brought up in flesh 
llar experience, till now, when the sub-soil fo p ow b i s example, and are thereby enabled than short ones, I reply, they are. If you a t an outlay which will pay if neglected 
plow is revealing tq them treasures before tQ t tw0 cents a pound more f or it than wish to raise a hogshead of sugar, 2 feet in early. 
unknown. Discoveries in the earth are if th bad gone 0 n in the old way. Now height, does it not take much less force to Skin old woods of the surface soil, and ; 
keeping pace'now with those ot the sky, suppose ea ch man makes but 500 pounds raise the same by rolling it six feet than if replace half its value as manure with lime ? 
and a new earth is opened to the cultiva- & r> and gets but tw0 cents a poun d ex- you raised it the same height by rolling it and ashes in the woods, and both farm and 
flon as a new heaven is to the astronomer. tra; ft rives him $10; this multiplied by only four feet. So with the plow—you woodland will gain by the exchange. Get 
rhe following conversation at the Farmers 500, the number of dairymen who read and raise the furrow much easier by having all the night-soil you can, and mix it with 
Club, cut from the JNew Yorker, brings f odow this statement, we have $5,000; now your plow three feet in length, than you head lands, &c., for the compost heaps.— , 
some intimation ot the news: to know that you are doing so much good would if it was only one and a half. All Wet compost heaps with salt lye from the 
Dr. Underhill. I omitted speaking of by taking your butter to the Fair, will it the plowman is required to do, is to follow soap boilers, if you can get it. Use half a 
another great source of phosphate of lime, 110 t compensate a man for his time and the plow, standing straight in the furrow, bushel of refuse salt to every cord of com- 
and that is one which some few farmers trouble? His plow cuts a furrow of equal width and post, to prevent re-germination of weeds, j 
have hit upon. I mean that part of the j\r Wall, you know that’s one of the about three inches more in depth than the grubs, <fcc., &c. 
farm which lies six inches deep under the principal products of the farm, taint so with common plow, and instead of having one If you have not sufficient cellar room, 1 
Young calves should never be confined 
in yards with yearlings or cattle older 
than themselves. As they are inferior in 
Dr. Church.—Is it necessary to sub-soil R. If you are tired of fruit w 7 e will feed One-fourth of these men present, wishing out quari-elinrr, and at night will be kept 
every year? on grain awhile. In the year 1848, I bo’t to purchase a new plow, procure one like more com f ortab i e tban if^tied up and put 
Dr. Underhill.—I think not; but I mean a few bushels of wheat, (wishing to change the one which received the prize; they use b a b themselves, 
to subsoil every acre I cultivate at all. It m y seed) and finding it full of trash, I was them on their farms the next season, and j n many d i seases tc 
Let him try it, and if he fails, let him come to m y character, ana more than an, it was Dana with force and truth says:—“ I he salt as often as necessity requires.—G er- 
to this Club and tell us so! the means of people’s raising ten bushels strongest of all manures is found in the mantown Telegraph. 
_ _ of wheat where they formerly raised eight droppings of the poultry yard.” Next year-- —~—~ -; 
Expelling Rats.— Rats may be expell- °f wbea t and two of trash. ^ What do you eacb barrel of it will manure you half an Corn that is cut up near the ground 
ed from your cellars and granaries simply think of our Agricultural I airs . acre of land; save it then, and add to the should not be suffered to remain long m 
by scattering a few stalks and leaves of N. O it’el du for you book farmers, but productive energies of your soil. Don’t large heaps on the barn floor, as the heat- 
mullen in their paths. There is something what good duz it du to take so many cattle look upon it as too trifling a matter for ing process which soon takes place is very 
very annoying in this plant, to the rat. It and horses to the show? your attention; but recollect that the globe injurious to the kernel; generating mould 
affords, therefore, a very easy remedy for a R. What good does it do? Why, five itself is an aggregation of small matters. and extracting the saccharine juices of the 
most perplexing evil, and much more eco- years ago our society offered a premium of N - 1 g ra ' n -— New England farmer. 
nomical and less troublesome than gunpow- $5 for the best horse, and there were seve- Woolen Rags. — These are rich in the 
der, u rat exterminator,cats or traps.— ral exhibited) but none of them considered elements of manure) they contain when dry All roots should be excluded from the 
The mullen is a very common production, worthy of a premium. The next year the 20.26 per cent, of nitrogen, and should be light during the winter, and kept in as low 
and may be found in almost every field, as Society offered a premium of $25 for the used as manure. Dana says they are a temperature as can be made convenient 
well as in pastures, and by the sides of the best horse, and the result was, an ambitious nearly 34 times stronger than fresh cow- without danger of their freezing.— New- 
highways.— Qer. Tel. and enterprising man went and purchased dung.— Ex. England Farmer. 
to subsoil every acre I cultivate at all. It m y seed) and finding it lull ol trash, 1 was tnem on tneir larms me nexi season, ana j n many d i seases to which cattle are 
operates, also, as a drainer. It also receives obliged to spend two days in cleaning it be- are benefitted as the man mentioned above, sub j ecb a tea of sheep dung, is the surest 
the fertilzer from the atmosphere. The first fore it was fit to sow on any respectable to the amountol 81-, this multiplied oylUl remedy that can be given. When running 
store of manure is our earth; the second man’s farm. The next year I had the finest (the- number which buy new plows,) we w ft b gheep, the calves generally consume 
is our atmosphere. That from the lat- piece of wheat that I ever saw; so I took have 81 w, . on t you think that Ag- w ft b avidity the straw and litter on which 
ter enters the earth by means of dew and some to the lair and it was just the way to ricultural Societies do some good . these animals repose, and which, to a cer- 
rains—by dew even in times of drought— advertise it. It was looked at and admired N. Wall, I don’t know but they du— tain extent becomes impregnated with the 
when a deep-tilled soil can take it in, while by all, and wanted by many; so I sold all I but I gess my wife’s got dinner reddy, so peculiar virtues of the “specific,” and are 
a shallow one cannot. Up to this day the bad to spare, for seed. It was so much good mornin’.— Bridgeport Farmer. thereby prevented from falling sick. Those 
shallow work prevails. Nineteen out of better than common wheat that I obtained — —-- who have adopted this practice, speak of it 
twenty farms are so abused. A farmer 25 cents more a bushel than my neighbors. Poultry Dung. —Have this regularly* terms of the highest approbation. Con- 
who can neither buy books nor attend Far- So, carrying my wheat to the I air was put- swept up every Saturday, packed away in venience for watering, feeding, &c, should 
mers’ Clubs, can nevertheless plow deep, ting money in my pocket; adding notoriety barrels, and sprinkled over with plaster.— be arranged, and the animals provided with 
Let him try it, and if he fails, let him come to my character, and more than all, it was Dana with force and truth says:—“ The salt as often as necessity requires.— Ger- 
