I 
ORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
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• ^^aruT work over. 
Hk ,o far as tfirowino- in the manure 
^concerned, I agree with the writer, but 
^Harmers or fowl fanciers wish to rid them¬ 
selves or their horses of an almost ever 
lasting pest, by all means let them keep 
their hen roosts away from behind or ad¬ 
joining the horse stable. I can speak from 
experience in this matter; and there are 
those about here of my acquaintance, who 
can bear testimony to what I have stated. 
Yes, keep your hen houses a proper dis¬ 
tance from your horse stables. And for 
the benefit of those who desire it, I will 
briefly give my reasons for making the 
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HOLDERNESS COW. 
HOLDERNESS STOCK. The English Enclycopedia, in speaking 
~ ‘ . of this stock, says—“ They are large, fine 
In* connection with the above portrait, boned, possess great aptitude to fatten; 
statement. Is connection with the above portrait, boned, possess great aptitude to fatten; 
During the early part of my keeping we intended to give an article from our their beef is fine; they have both size, 
fowls, I had their roosting place adjoining correspondent, E. D., who has had no little strength and speed for labor, and their 
the stall where I kept mv horse, with a experience as a breeder of Holder ness cat- shoulders are well posited for the draught, 
partition between. I think it was the sec- tie. Not receiving it, we make the follow- white, they 
ond year after I kept my hens in this man- mg extract from an article written by E. D., make e i egant « p ark st0 ck,” (witness the 
ner, that I discovered there was something and published by us some years ago, in the Earl of Chesterfield’s dairy;) and in one, 
the matter with my horse. He showed a farmer: perhaps the most important respect, great 
disposition to rub and bite himself, but for The Holderness are pied cattle, generally milking they stand unrivalled; the cows 
, . T • i .• , , , a deep red and pure white, the same as the giving from 24 to 36 quarts of rich milk 
a long time I paid little regard to it, think- Darb * m8 . occasionally one may be entirely per day.” 
ing he would soon get over it; but it seem- red, or entirely white. But the leading In a trial, on the farm of the Earl of 
ed to increase upon him. I could fit up no characteristic of both breeds as to color is Chesterfield, of seven cows, consisting of 
stall or partition of sufficient strength to Bie same —“'marbled, mottled, red and three celebrated varieties, with crosses up- 
resists his efforts. I could leave him no- white -” The Holderness have exceeding- on them, the Holderness cow giving 29 
i 1 •. 1 1 1 . e T 1 •, 1 1 1 ■ 1 ly neat and beautiful horns. And one stri- quarts of milk, produced 38A- ounces of but- 
where unhitched, and if I hitched him he /• u , • .. • • r c r 7 , , - 1 „ 1 
king characteristic in their form, so far as I ter per day, being 6 ounces more than was 
would soon break loose, and get to some have known them, is, great length of body, produced by any other one. 
place where he could rub. For six months As to size, they are about equal to the Dur- I understand the history of both Holder- 
or more, he continued in this manner, be- h ams > some ot them being large, but gen- ness and Durham cattle to be this: origi- 
fore I ascertained what ailed him. 1 tried erab D dner bone and more delicate ap- nally, they were the same stock—large, 
• . .... nearance. 
various remedies for humors in the blood; fU • , i i „ thrifty,.pied cattle, brought over_to England 
,, , . , , , , I hi st saw the imported bull, Holder- from the rich meadow lands of Ho land, by 
hied him conions v—drenplipd him wiiL „—» _. .i _ tt - ’rJ 
,, , , • • , , i , , • . , iu t u ‘ l '- u UU11 > iiuiuui- | iruiii me ncu meaaow janas oi noiiana, bv 
bleu him copiously—drenched him with ness,” about the year 1829. He was the Durham and Holderness farmers. With 
physic till he could hardly stand, and all purchased in England, as stated, at a cost the latter, profit from the dairy was the 
to no effect. He was a large and valuable ot and imported into this country leading object; and they bred with especial 
horse commonly, but at this stage of mat- b / Gorham Parsons, Esq., of Brighton, reference to this result. With the Durham 
tors he was truly a sight to behold. He President ofthe Massachusetts farmers, early maturity, rapid, large, growth, 
,. 3 , . , , Agricultural Society. In color, he was and aptitude to fatten, was the aim; their 
was minus his mane, and was in nearly the deep red and pure white, the red predom- leading object being the “ butcher’s stall.” 
same condition with his tail—his sides la- mating. In form, he was very perfect— It has hence resulted, that the leading 
cerated and naked in consequence of his d ^ep in the brisket, round in the chest, characteristic of the Holderness cows has 
continual rubbing and biting. At last the w *^ b ^ ne straight limbs, heavy quarters, been excellence for the dairy; while, at 
thought struck me that the animal might an ‘! great length of body. His weight in least one leading characteristic of the Dur- 
, , , , . . T ®. ordinary flesh was 3,000 lbs. hams has been, excellence for the slaughter 
be lousy — and on close examination, I found _ ’ r w U iu», oia u K m u, 
he was literally covered with small hen lice, agr icultual gatherings. All declared them- A nEW FEATURE, 
and they adhered so closely to the skin, selye8 in f avor of this pkn , and tw0 Epccial —— 
that it whs almost imnossihlp to pnmK rmt i i . , * ^ 1IE editor ot Ohio Cultivator thus de- 
J . . . J Csable comb out delegates were appointed to attend the an- scribes a new feature in the Licking county 
one wit i a fine comb. I now changed nual meeting of the State Society at Al- Agricultural Fair. The idea is a good one, 
my course of doctoring, and by dint of per- bany, on the 21st of Jan., proximo; and ail( * at t * ie next State Fair competition 
severance—by the application of various were instructed to press this‘subject upon r ; hou , ld u be \ nvited and Premiums offered 
remedies for the cure of lice, in the course the respectful consideration of that meeting. h ° rS ® 8 T* P ° n ? eS - 
of six or eight weeks, I succeeded in effect- It will be recollected that Wavne eountv g on horst back is again becoming 
. . f , , . 11 WUi DC rtcoiicctea tnat vvayne count) quite a fashionable mode ot exercise with 
ing a per ect ana lasting cure. bas for two successive years moved in this the ladies, and it is as healthful as it is 
The first thing I did after this was to project of two annual fairs for the State graceful: 
remove my hen roost, and scald and white- Society, and we are much pleased to find “ The most exciting feature of the first 
wash my horse stable. I have not been that large movements in the western part (Ia y’ s exhibition was the competition for the 
troubled with hen lice getting on my horse of the State are now seconding our efforts f hr ° e P remiur ? s ° ffere d for la dies’ riding 
• t i i j ? • -i , ...... , , ° horses, which m ihe end turned upon the 
since. I have heard of similar cases where in this direction, and that many persons on skill of the fair riders themselves/ Three 
horses have been afflicted in the same way; the North River are also as zealous in the horses were entered, and made their debut 
hence I conceive it to be the safest way same project I hope other county socie- within the ring at an easy pace. Misses 
not to build a hen house behind the horse ties will represent their views on this sub- Se y mour > °f Madison, and Marple, of New- 
stable. ject by an efficient delegation at Albany. )?”’ in t ‘ 1 *'S i *. n . 1 ri , din S 0 , 0st, ; ra0 - at iirst J od 
It it should so happen that this article Even in our own County, when our So- Hollenbeck, of Hanover, followed, riding 
fall under the eye of any one who has a ciety orders two annual fairs, we find more the horse of N. B. Hogg, in a walking dress, 
horse that has become lousy from the same interest is excited and more good accom- hut being a girl of true knightly grit, soon 
cause, I shall be happy to inform him plished; and we believe that this would be dextrously reined in her horse, and by a 
how they may be destroyed. found to be the case on trial by the State W , ed a PP' ied blows from her ridmg- 
Alijert Todd. Society. The difficulties apprehended, I of 'br nw^ ds . me | de to tbe S ua g^ 
Smithficid, r. i., Dec., 1851 . E. , " . ’ ot her own, then giving him rein dashed 
__ am confident would not be found of any forward, and taking the ‘ inside,’ such a 
WAYNE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, g^at moment, while the benefits would be wild Arab flight sober Buckeyes never saw 
very great. r. q. p. before. On, on they flew the beautiful 
The Annual Meeting of this Agricultu- l’aimyra,Dec. 12 , i85i. steeds, and the thousands cheered heartily 
ral Society at Newark, on the 10th inst., ~rnww wapmwpq. ~ tbe winds P la y ed . the mischief with her 
was numerously attended. In no previous - . petticoats, but her victory was complete.— 
i ., , . We cannot cease to urge upon our friends J-hen a series of evolutions, curvetings, and 
yeai has the financial or any other depart- and rea{iers the 
importance ofthe forma- I contra pas, showed what country girls can 
meet ol tins Society been more prosperous (i on 0 f these clubs in every town. In our do when they get the reins into their own 
than the present; and at no previous meet exchanges we find frequent reference to hands. The premiums were awarded to 
ing has there so much zeal been manifested them in other, parts ofthe country, and the ladies by acclamation.” 
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WAYNE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Tiie Annual Meeting of this Agricultu¬ 
ral Society at Newark, on the 10th inst., 
was numerously attended. In no previous 
to obtain the assignment of our annual ^ rum na t urc °1 their reports, and the 
fairs at their respective villages, the coming ^ubjectdiscussed, we cannotdoubt the really 
vena A n„ m hZ „f \m ion,, r.Z S ru “ t „f these institutions, and 
HOGS AT LARGE IN WINTER. 
A i f i 'great importance of these institutions, and Our friend, Mr. A. J. Head of Fairfax 
} ( , . . A numbei of places bid $250 lor the great benefit they may be to those who Co., Virginia, justly censures (in a business 
tne privilege, and some towns indicated a attend and belong to them. One thing note) the common practice in that region, 
still larger offer. An almost unanimous which hinders their formation in many and in some others, of letting hogs run all 
expression was given in favor of two an- tovvns the desire to make them toogener- over a farm in winter to root up meadows 
nual fairs being held by this Society next aL fe(d , th f to do the thin S suc ‘ and eat ever y c,over root ' as wel1 as top, in 
, , ,, , cesstully, the whole town must ioin in it order to escape starvation. In sections 
full, but the time and place, as well as the at the rcry outset-the meeting must be where there is little snow or frost, and 
i e mite number, was deferred to an ad- holden in some central and public place, where English grasses and clovers require 
joured meeting to be held at Newark on But now suppose instead of this, a few much care to flourish, droves of swine or 
the first Tuesday in February. farmers in each town were to say to each sheep, and herds of cattle, often do im- 
A spirited discussion arose on the erne- “‘V !' ‘"’T" me< ‘ °“ ce T** !"?“ *° ?! *?'* tram P> c ? ? n in 
,. 1 - P each others houses, and spend the afternoon hot weather, and having every blade of 
diency ol urging upon the attention of the or evening in talking over some one subject grass eaten into the ground. Farmers in 
Slate Agricultural Society the importance of farm management,” and commence to do Fairfax that provide a plenty of forage for 
of their ordering two annual Fairs to be gh’ing a free invitation to all who wish their neat stock in winter, and grain or 
held by that Society, so that the Eastern to j oin > but resolved to go ahead if no more roots for their hogs, and keep up both, 
and Western portions of our State might u°T llU ° UlC f lan ‘ H °^ lo "'? wil1 be careful !y sa ^ in S a11 manure, are fast 
^ ,, „ . , h before many others are enlisted ?— Granite improving the soil and are destined to real- 
each enjoy the annual benefit of these great Farmer . iae a handpome profit on their business 
INDIAN CORN.—AZOTIZED MANURES. 
It has not yet been given, even to the 
practical farmer, to see what extent of 
edible stalks, foliage, and cured grain, Indi¬ 
an corn, under the best culture, may be 
made to produce. Even that Yankee, who 
boasted that all his bones were made of 
Indian corn, had but a feeble conception of 
the animal-sustaining power an acre of In¬ 
dian corn might be made to yield. Hum¬ 
boldt tells us of the productiveness of 
the tropical banana, premising the same 
given space of ground planted with that 
vegetable, will yield more nutriment to sup¬ 
port animal life, than any other plant could 
be made to yield on the same extent of 
surface. But what experience had that 
great philosopher —clarum et venerabile no- 
men —in the culture of Indian corn, when 
he had only seen it growing like a tangled 
cane brake, in the crude enclosure of the 
Carib, or the weedy milpa of the lazy Span- 
ish-American. 
But, reader, come into my corn patch 
about the 1st of August, and behold with 
your own eyes, a variety of sweet corn, 
growing in rows thirty-six inches apart; 
each eight feet stalk, growing within six or 
eight inches of its next of kin; every sucker 
and barren stalk is already removed and 
fed to the cows; the ears in the row would 
lap by each other, if placed parallel with it. 
Some stalks have four ears, others three, 
two and one, of eight rows and eight inches 
average length ; the one and the four eared 
stalks being very few. As fast as the green 
ears are plucked for eating or for market, 
cut up the succulent stalks for your cows, 
and you compensate them for the short pas¬ 
ture of arid August. Sugar cane may have 
more saccharine, but not much more, in the 
same bulk of ligneous matter, as your cows 
will tell you in the avidity with which they 
glean up the last sweet mouthful; then just 
so much of your patch is ready to grow a 
crop of turnips. 
It is said that the stalks of the sweet 
■ variety of corn are richer in saccharine than 
those of the other varieties.of zea mais. 
But I have found from experiment that 
corn stalks generally, when shorn of suck¬ 
ers, and thinned to stand eight inches apart 
in the row, are alike rich in sugar. Tis true 
that much of the sugar, <fcc., is taken up 
from the stalk to perfect the ripened ears, 
but enough remains, if cut and driod as 
soon as the husks are dry, to leave the mass 
of stalks and leaves as nutritious and valua¬ 
ble as clover hay of the same weight. We 
have now shown our green corn for roast¬ 
ing, boiling, or corn puddings, and the extra 
sugar of the green stalks, so quickening to 
a cow’s lacteal secretions; then the value of 
the matured stalk, if cured and sheltered. 
Now the intrinsic value of the great cereal 
product is probably three times as much as 
that of any other cereal plant on the earth’s 
surface. But to secure the maximum yield, 
the laws which govern the growth of this 
plant must be strictly studied and observed ? 
Indian corn is a gross feeder; it is to the 
vegetable what the hog is to the animal 
kingdom; and as if by a beautiful economy 
in nature, the hog will leave any other food 
for Indian corn; let the farmer thence take 
the hint that the nitrogenous excrement of 
the hog is the very food the plant thrives 
best on. That truly practical professor, 
Mapes, of Lyon Farm, has told the farmers 
how a hog may be made to earn half his 
living with his snout, if he is only properly 
placed and littered with the dry muck and 
sedge of the Jersey marshes. It may be 
said, that in the process of its rapid growth, 
the corn plant assimilates and requires more 
free nitrogen or ammonia than any other 
known plant; loosen the soil around the 
young plant as soon as it breaks through 
the surface, that by capillary attraction the 
earth may absorb carbonic acid and am¬ 
monia from the nightly dews to quicken the 
plant’s early growth. Without this stir¬ 
ring of the soil, the ammonia, instead of 
being condensed and absorbed, is taken off 
again by the morning sun or the dry morn¬ 
ing breeze. 
As the plant grows its leaves collect and 
assimilate carbonic acid and ammonia. But 
to get the maximum crop, strong azotized 
(nitrogenous) manure must be worked into 
the soil after it is well drained, and before 
it is planted. I have heard of the wonder¬ 
working of leached ashes and other inorgan¬ 
ic manures; they are aligood and act magi¬ 
cally as a nucleus to an exhausted or bar¬ 
ren soil; but Indian corn wants a soil that 
makes its own inorganic matter from the 
combustion of the animal and vegetable 
manures present. Give me enough ma¬ 
nure from the stable, the hog pen, and the 
privy, and I ask for no inorganic element, 
as all the required phosphates of lime, pot¬ 
ash, soda, &c., will be therein contained.— 
If nitrogen is in excess, the corn plant takes 
no more of it than its rapid healthy growth 
requires, and if carbonic acid is deficient 
the atmophere is ever ready to yield it to 
an affinitive nitrogenous soil. 
How many soi disant Christian farmers 
I have heard impiously charging the failure 
of a crop to a season, when a neighbor has 
obtained the maximum yield from a well 
drained, well manured, and well cultivated 
field. When the Almighty refuses His sun¬ 
shine and His dews, but not till then, will 
Indian corn fail to mature under proper 
culture in the strictly grain-bearing regions 
of New York. I need not dilate on this 
fact, as the annual experiment for more 
than thirty consecutive years, places it be¬ 
yond question. 
But, say our farmers, “it costs too much 
to drain, and how can we get so much 
nitrogenous manure?” Ask the Chinese; 
if they are too far off, ask your olfactories, 
and they will tell you when it is escaping 
from your barn yards and your stables, and 
your eyes will tell you when the rain arid 
the floods are washing it away. That very 
swamp which the farmer calls a waste, has 
the elements to fix that volatile ammonia 
which every barn yard, privy and sink gut¬ 
ter, sends forth to the rarefied atmosphere, 
making the air of the city pestilential in 
proportion as the vegetable kingdom is 
cheated of its proper food. 
It is but a few short months since, a 
distillery at the Wallabout discharged daily 
the elements of meal and water made with 
nine hundred bushels of grain, into the 
Wallabout Creek, Brooklyn, when the far¬ 
mers, almost within cali, apologized for their 
stinted vegetation and hungry silex, by plead¬ 
ing the great expense of nitrogenous ma- 
W0NDSES III THE PAPERS. 
A Bug, or insect, resembling a wasp, 
was found buried for twelve years in wood 
in England. The papers have announced 
in nmgiana. me papers have announced 
this wondea. Rut the fact is not uncom¬ 
mon or very wonderful. The insect is the 
well-known Tonthredo, or Borer, which de¬ 
posits its eggs under the bark of trees or 
even into the sapwood. The wood oc¬ 
casionally grows over the egg, and thus re¬ 
mains for successive pears, before the insect 
is hatched or eats out. When the son of 
Cen. Putnom resided in Williamstown, Mass, 
he had two tables made of apple-tree tim¬ 
ber from a large tree cut down by Gen. 
Putnam, on his farm in Pom fret, Connecti¬ 
cut. Three of these Tonthredo are out in 
two or three years. It was evident, from 
the unmber ol consecutive layers of wood 
that the eggs had been deposited at least 
seventy years before the insects came forth 
to the light. In the splitting of maple wood, 
I have known a full grown Tonthredo 
brought to light, deep in the wood, where 
its egg must have been deposited many 
years before. The facts only show the long 
time in which the egg will retain the princi¬ 
ple of life before the maturing process shall 
come on. The world is full of such facts. 
Wheat has been known to germinate after 
being preserved a thousand years.— Roches¬ 
ter Democrat. 
To Prepare Hung Beef.— Ail Englisn 
mode is as follows: This i.s preserved euht-r 
with or without smoke. Hang up the beef 
three or four days, till it becomes tend'r, 
but take care it does not begin to spoil: 
then salt it in the usual way, either by dry 
salting or by brine, with bay silt, brown 
sugar and saltpeter, with a iiille pepper 
and allspice: afterwards roll it tight in a 
cloth, and hang it up in a warm, not a hot 
place, for a fortnight or more, till it is sul- 
ficiently hard. If required to have a little 
of the smoke flavor it may be hung in a 
chimney corner, or smoked in any other 
way. It will keep a long time. 
Milch- Cows.—Let these, in addition to 
their long food, receive succulent messes, 
night and morning. They should have good 
dry bedding in a moderately warm stable 
or shed, be watered at every meal, and cur¬ 
ried and brushed down»twice a day. Exer¬ 
cise in the yard at mid-day, in good weath¬ 
er, is conducive t'o their health. — Am. Far. 
Fire-wood. —Immediate steps should bo 
taken to cut down, and haul into the yard, 
and pile up, a full supply of fire-wood to 
last for twelve months. The comfort of 
one’s family depends so much upon atten¬ 
tion to this duty, that no time should be 
lost in carrying this recommendation into 
effect.— Am. Farmer. 
The name tulip is derived from the Turk¬ 
ish, and the flower is so called from its fan¬ 
cied resemblance to a turban. 
Our great cities are the great sewers for 
the waste of nitrogen, as well as of every 
inorganic element necessary to grow the 
vegetable, and from that, the animal food 
daily consumed there. Since the introduc¬ 
tion of Croton water into New York, strange 
as it may seem, the offensive odor of the 
street has increased, as the concave gutters 
are now never dry, but always treated with 
just enough surplus Croton to make the 
domestic poison diffusible. Tis true, that 
by an hydraulic process, the privies are 
rendered inodorous; but with the adjacent 
Jersey marshes, containing the elements of 
deodorization, how easily all this waste 
might be saved. I have often marvelled 
why the street cleaners of New York were 
not supplied with a cheap deodorizing com¬ 
post— peat or muck, decomposed by lime, 
with a little plaster, salt and copperas su- 
peradded — to strew in the gutters; thus 
making the street innoxious, and the ma¬ 
nure more available, and of thrice its pre¬ 
sent value as food for plants.— Rusticus, 
in JV. Y Eve. Post. 
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