IO 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Thirteen spring lambs—spring of ’91, not 
’90—reached this market on Tuesday, just 
in time for the Christmas market. They 
came from Central New York, weighed 
about 25 pounds each and sold for $8 to $10 
each. 
The early potatoes planted in Scotland 
are principally Redbog Kemps and Re¬ 
gents, the main crop varieties being Cham¬ 
pions and Magnums. A comparatively 
new variety, the Bruce, has also been 
pretty extensively planted with great 
success. It is an immense cropper, of good 
quality, and is absolutely free from dis¬ 
ease. Crons of from 12 to 14 tons per 
statute acre have been grown of this va¬ 
riety. It is estimated that the Champions 
and other prolific sorts will average eight 
and nine tons per statute acre all over the 
country. 
The Land Commission of Ireland has 
made an exhaustive examination of the 
situation of the potato crop, and the causes 
of disease. Condensing its report, we find 
that the potato disease has produced the 
worst results on the western seaboard 
from Derry to Cork, and also on poor, cold, 
wet lands generally throughout Ireland. 
The result in most instances has been to 
produce small and unmatured rather than 
diseased tubers. The disease has produced 
the worst effect in those instances in which 
some or other of the following conditions 
prevailed : Undrained land, bad cultiva¬ 
tion, continued use of the same seed, con¬ 
tinued cropping with potatoes on the san^e 
land, want of proper care of the seed 
throughout the winter, cutting the sets too 
small. The circumstances being otherwise 
similar, the following conditions usually 
produced the best results: Frequent 
changes of seed, use of good seed, planting 
in fresh ground, early planting, good culti¬ 
vation, well drained land. In the counties 
of Derry, Down, Antrim and Louth the 
crop was, with few exceptions, very good. 
Varieties reported as untouched by disease 
are the General, the Colonel, Bloomers, 
Railways. Varieties reported as very good 
disease resisters are Bruce, Magnum 
Bonum, Imperator, Sutton’s Abundance. 
Varieties reported as fairly good disease 
resisters are Skerries and Irish Whites. The 
reports indicate about half a crop in the 
country at large. 
WESTERN OREGON. 
Western Oregon comprises 17 counties 
and presents almost every varlety[of soil 
though the greater portion is of'the.[basal- 
ticor volcanic formation. Though there is 
a marked climatic change, each year pre¬ 
sents almost precisely the same equability 
with a rainfall of about 50 to 55 inches at 
the Columbia River, diminishing to about 
20 inches as the distance from the river is 
increased toward the southern [limits of 
this section. The resources of Western 
Oregon are varied, and consist of timber, 
coal, iron and the precious metals. Its 
agricultural and fishing industries have 
afforded a lucrative occupation so nearly 
bordering upon a pastime, that its timber, 
coal and iron have merely been touched, 
where home needs in the settlements could 
make them[useful. Of first importance in 
agriculture and fruit raising is the Willa¬ 
mette Valley. This valley is generally 
conceded to be capable of supporting a pop¬ 
ulation more[numerous to the square mile 
than any other[portion of the United States. 
To fully realize its productiveness one can 
only come[to a correct conclusion by actual 
observation and by visiting the farms at 
harvest time.~ This valley contains many 
farms that have [been in cultivation for 85 
years without any diminution in yield per 
acre of smalljgrains and vegetables and a 
very marked increase in amount, size and 
quality of the'great variety of fruits. There 
we find great stretches of prairie, beautiful 
as the eye[ ever rested on: these at times 
narrowedj.down [by rolling hills covered 
in many places, by thick underbrush, and 
in others bounded by heavy forest timber. 
This great.valley, save in harvest time, pre¬ 
sents one^continued scene ot perpetual ver¬ 
dure. There we find grown everything 
outside the peculiar products of the Gulf 
States and tropical fruits. Wheat is of 
superior quality, producing often 50 to 70 
bushels per acre and weighing 62 to 68 
pounds to the[measured bushel. Oats often 
weigh 38 to 45 pounds to the bushel. All 
the smaller grains^produce excellent- crops. 
Hops are extensively raised and produce 
enormous yields, often 1,500 to 2,000 pounds 
to the acre. 
The climate without any of the extremes 
of cold or heat presents to the stranger a 
condition which nothing but the trade 
JAN. 3 
winds of the Pacific from the Japan current 
can explain. This valley lies in the same 
latitude as Wisconsin, Michigan and New 
York. Practically there is no snow, ren¬ 
dering it a desirable and important loca¬ 
tion for all manner of fruit raising—ap¬ 
ples, pears and cherries surpass anything 
I have ever seen. It is not uncommon to 
see in the markets of Portland apples 
from this valley,that weigh from one to two 
and three pounds each and pears equally 
large, of fine shape and exquisite flavor. 
The apricot, prune and in the more shel¬ 
tered localites, the peach grow to a large 
size and k in paying quantities. Certainly 
th^prunesjare far superior to any others I 
ever saw, both in size and flavor. Grapes 
are usually[abundant and of fine quality 
and it is not an uncommon sight to see 
grapes on sale of which the bunches weigh 
three, four, four and one-half and even 
five pounds each. But a few years ago 
this desert, as it was then called, covered 
with sage brush and tumbleweed was con¬ 
sidered fit only for a limited amount of 
grazing.; Now, wherever it can be irrigated 
it is astonishing every one with the enor¬ 
mous crops[produced. On November 15 I 
saw a man; harvesting (he said) his fifth 
crop of Alfalfa from the same ground this 
year and he calculated he would get two 
tons to the acre this, as well as each pre¬ 
ceding crop. For grazing purposes, the 
ranchman finds no equal anywhere except 
along the immediate water-courses. Each 
year more fully demonstrates the possi¬ 
bility of making these sage brush plains the 
most productive land in this country 
wherever water for irrigation can be ob¬ 
tained, and even on the table lands wheat 
and the small grains do exceedingly well. 
Herding and sheep raising are among the 
principal industries. Wool of fine quality 
is grown at a nominal expense. In some 
portions of the valley the Angora Goat is 
considered a great success. There is one 
tribe of Indians who haveone band of over 
5,000 goats, that pay them a handsome 
revenue. I saw some of this wool over 
eight inches long and of fine, quality. 
H. A. w. 
LATEST WHOLESALE PRICES 
COUNTRY PRODUCE. 
New York, Monday, December 29, 1890 
Beans have declined slightly for most grades. 
Trading Is confined mostly to home demands with 
very little dolrg In way of export. 
Marrows—New, $1 85®$'-! 80; New Mediums choice. 
$2 15; Pea, $2 15; Bed Kidney, $8 20@$8 25; White 
Kidney, choice, $2 4U@$2 50 ; Foreign Mediums, $1 75® 
$2 00; do Marrow, $2 65® $2 75; Green Peas. $1 C0@$1 05. 
Butter has accumulated somewhat, the market is 
dull and prices of several grades have declined. It Is 
improbable that present prices will be long main¬ 
tained. 
Creamery.— Elgin, best, 29@8Cc; State and Penn¬ 
sylvania, 20®29e; Western, best, 28%®29c; do prime, 
25®27c; do good, 23®24c; do poor, 20@22c; West¬ 
ern Imitation Creamery, prime. 22®24c: do fine, 
18®21c. dopo r, 18® 15c. Dairy.- State, best, 24@25c ; 
do prime, 22@23c; do good, 19<e2!c; do poor, 14®. 18c ; 
Western, prime, 19®20e ; do fair, 13315c; do poor, 11 
®>2c ; do factory, best, 21®23; do prime 16@18c;do 
good, 10318c. 
Chkksk remains unchanged, excepting for fancy 
lots, which are held more strongly. 
Fancy, Sept.,9%®9%c;fine 9%«9%c; good,8@8%; fair, 
7®7%c; light skims, 6%®6%c; skims, 2@2%c.; Ohio, 
Flat, 6%® 9c. 
Eggs have advanced owing to diminished receipts, 
the result of the storm. 
Near-by. fresh, 29®—c; Canadian. —®—cj Southern, 
24®?5e; Western, best. 27%tf 28c; Ice-house. 19@2lc; 
Limed, 21%@22c ; Fall packed, 283 25c. 
Fruits.- Trading in all kinds of fruit has been 
light owing to the unfavorable weather and the short 
week. Prices have changed but little. Receipts 
have been moderate and the demands mostly for 
fancy fruit. Dried fruits are quiet In common with 
green. 
Apples—N. Spy, $3385 00; Snow, $3 50@$5 50; King. 
$4 0U®$5CO; Baldwin, $2 50@$5 50: Green. $8505$6 00; 
Ben Davis, $4 00®$5 25; common t good, $1 00383 50; 
Lemons, per box, $3(X)®$4 00; Pears, Cooking, per 
bbl., $4 00® $5 00 ; Seekfl, per keg, $4®$5; Anjou, do, 
82 25@$3 00; Duchess, per bbl., $5®$6; Sheldon per 
keg $3®$4; Cranber les, Cape Cod, $10 50@$13 00 per 
bbl.; $S75@$4 00 p.;i irate, do Jersey 82 75 a $8 50 per 
crate ; Grapes, Conccrd, 14®8ic per basket. Catawba, 
14@82c per basket. Florida Oranges, $2 25@$S 25 per 
box. 
Domestic. — Apples — Evaporated, good to fancy 
18%@15%c; poor, 11 ®12e ; coarse cut, 8%®,9c; sliced, 
8@llc; do old, 8%®8%e; Chopped, 4@4%c; Cores and 
skins, 8%®4c. Cherries, new, 29@31c; do, old, 8®10c. 
Raspberries, 27329c; Blackberries, 8@9c: Ruckle 
berries, new, 18@19c; Plums, new, 10@12c: Peaches, 
California peeled, 80®8Sc; do unpeeled. 16@19c. South¬ 
ern unpeeled, 6%@7c; Apricots, California, 17®2Cc; 
Plums, Cal., 15316?. 
Gjiie maintains steady prices under a good de¬ 
mand, excepting rabbits which are so plentiful and 
cheap that it seems little profit can be made by the 
shippers. 
Quail, prime, per doz, 81OO@$140; English snipe, 
fresh, per doz., $125®$! 50; Golden plover, prime, 
per doz., $1 25®$1 50; Sand snipe, per doz , 20@25c; 
Par'rldges, State, per pair, $100@$IE0; do Western, 
per pa'r, $1®8125, Grouse, Western, per pair, 80c® 
$110; Woodcock, per pair, 60®75e; Venison, fresh sad¬ 
dles, per lb, 11®14 j ; do frozen, 10®14c; Wild Ducks, 
Western, Canvass, per pair, $3 5;)@$6 00; do, do, Red 
head, per pair, $1 50@$3 CO; do, do, Mallard, per pair, 60 
@85c; do, do, Teal Blue wing, per pair, 40350c; do, do, 
common, per pair, 20®25c; Rabbits, per pair, 10@25c. 
Hay is more plentiful and trade is quiet, though 
there is no material change in prices. 
Choice, 70@75c, Timothy, No. 1, 65@70c; do No. 
2, 50@60c: shipping, 40®45c; Clover Mixed, 45@50c. 
Straw— No. 1 rye, 85390c.; short rye, 45®55c; oat and 
wheat. 30®40c. 
Honey.— California ext r actei dullat6%@7c. Comb 
honey quiet at I6@18c for white clover in 1-lb boxes. 
15®lfc for 2-lb boxes; buckwheat quoted, ’.2® 14c. 
Hops are dull and old stock has declined somewhat. 
Hollers are hopeful and say that any increase in de- 
mani will strengthen prices. An impiovement in 
the market is hoped for. 
State, ’90 crop, 33®40c; do, prime and choice, ’89,2 
®27c, do good, 23®24c do common, 17®21c; do 1888, 
good anl prime, 15317$; do do, common, 12®14c; 
Pacific Coast, 1889 crops, 18®26c; do, 1890 crop, 33@36c. 
Nuts.— Peanuts are quiet. Fancy, hand-picked, 
quoted at 4%@4%c, and farmers’ grades at 3@3%c; 
Pecans, ll®12c; Chestnuts, $2 00®$5 50 per bushel; 
Hickory Nuts, $2 10@$2 15 per bushel. 
Poultry Is a trifle lower, but anything choice will 
sell quickly at outside quotations. The weather is 
very favorable for han iling dressed poultry and the 
den and is good. Nearly everything comes dry packed 
as there is no necessity for ice. 
Poultry—Live.— Chickens—Spring, per lb, 7@7%c 
Fowls near-by, per lb, 10®10%c, do Western, per lb, 
10®-c; roosters, per lb, 5®6c; Turkeys, per lb, 10® 
10%c ; Ducks, Western, per pair, 50®75c ;.Geese, West¬ 
ern, per pair, 90c®$l 25. 
Poultry.—Dressed— Turkeys, mixed, per lb. 10® 
15c; Fowls, western, choice, 8®8%c; do common to, 
good, 7®8c; Ducks, spring, good, 10®15j Squab; 
white, per dozen, $2 50®$2 75; do dark, do, $175; 
Chickens, spring, Philadelphia, ll®14c.; Western, 8 
010c; Fowls, near by, 8®9c. 
Vegetables.— Potatoes have advanced slightly on 
some lines. The cold weather diminishes receipts. 
Prices are not likely to go much higher. Any material 
increase In price would restrict consumption and 
Importations from abroad would increase as prices 
advanced. Besides, the Bermuda and Southern crop 
is only a few w-eeks away. OnioLS are in light re¬ 
ceipt and firmer In price; prospects are good. Cab¬ 
bages are scarce. Celery has advanced for best 
grades. There Is little change in other vegetables. 
Potatoes—Long Island, per bbl. $3 25@$S 50; Jersey, 
per do., $1 25@$3 25 ; State, do., $3®J3 25; Maine, do., 
$3 00&$3 50; Magnums, per 168 lb. sack, $3 00 3 
$3 25; Sweets, do., $1 00@$3 50. Onions—Western New 
York, $3 00®$4C0, Connecticut Red, $3 6ii®$3 75 do 
White, $4OJ@$6 0O; do yellow. J8 50@$4.(X). Western, 
$3 00®$3 50; Jersey, $8 00®$8 50; Cabbage, L. I., per 
100, $4 00@$6 00; Squash, per bbl, 75e@$l 25; Turnips, 
per bbl. 85®90c, Egg Plant, per bbl., $1 50@$3 00; Cauli¬ 
flower, per bbl., $1@$3 50, Celery, per doz.. 15c® $1; 
String Beans, per crate, $1@$2 00J; Cucumbers, Fla., 
per crate, $1 50® $1 75. Tomatoes, per box, $1@$1 to. 
GRAIN MARKETS. 
WHEAT.—The Cincinnati Price Current w-as^quoted 
as estimating the exportable amount at 38,00.1,000 
bushels, against 71,000,000 .bushels a year ago. On the 
spot there was.la decline of %@%c, owing to the 
heaviness In options. Trading was very dull. Sales — 
No. 2 Red quoted, $1 04% In store and ele'ator, $1 06% 
@$1 06% afloat; No. 1 Hard spring, Nominal, $1 12%® 
1 12%; No. 1 Northern, $107%®$! 07%; No. 2 Decem¬ 
ber, $1 04%@$1 01%; do January, 81 08%@*1 04%; do 
February, $! 04%@$1 04%; do March, $1 05%3$ 1 05%; 
do May, $1 04%? $1 01%; do July, 98%®99c. RYE.— 
Neglected and nominal. Western, In boat loads, quoted 
at 77® 80c; Canada, 78374c; State, 78®80c. BARLEY.— 
Quiet for the day, but generally firm and quiet. 
Sales—No. 2 Milwaukee, quoted at 82c; Ungraded 
Western, 75®86c; No. 2 Canada, 87c; extra No. 2 do, 
90c; No. 1 Canada, [95c, CORN.—Full ^arrivals had 
most to do with the depression, while the decline in 
the leading cereal added to the heaviness. Spot lots 
suffered the most, showing net losses of 1®1%c on a 
pressure to [sell, and very slow export demand. 
Sales—Ungraded Mixed and White, 57%@60c ; steamer 
mixed, 57%®53c elevator, 58%®59c afloat; No.2 Mixed, 
58%®59c elevator, 59%©60cl afloat ^steamer yellow, 
57%c elevator, 59c afloat; No, 2 White, 59%c elevator ; 
No. 2 December, 5S%c; do January, 58% . 58%c; do 
March, 58c; do May. 57%@58%c, do June, 57 %c; do 
July, 59%c. OATS.—Wf re also depressed, as affected 
by the br< ak In wheat and,corn, together w r ith freer 
receipts. On the spot there was a declllne of about 
%c, and trading was very slow. Sales—No. 3 mixed. 
47c elevator; No. 3 white, 46%@4?c elevator; No. 2 
mixed, 48c elevator; No. 2 white, 47%@48c elevator; 
No. 1 White, 51c elevator; No. Chicago, 49c elevator; 
Ungraded mixed Western, 46@5(c;do white, 49 355c; 
No. 2 January, 48®48%; do February, 48%@48%c. do 
May, 49%®49%c; No. 2 White January, 48c; do Feb¬ 
ruary, 49%c; do May, 50%c. 
LIVE STOCK MARKETS. 
BEEVES.—The very light supply, with the prospect 
of a snow blockade on the railroads, gave a very firm 
tone to trade, and prices advanced from 15c to 20c 
per 100 pounds, good cattle being scarce and showing 
the most strength. A car-load of jColorsdo steers 
sold at $8 60 per 100 pounds. k “ Stockers ” at $3 85® 
$3 40, very common to prime native cattle at $3 45® 
$5 10. bulls at $2 20@$2 80, cows at *2 50 383 15, and a 
ear load' of fat oxen at $4 E5.* , (Prlvate ca; le advices 
from London and Liverpool indicate a sharp decline 
in prices, and refrigerated beef is selling at 4d, or 
scant 8c per pound, while American steers are selling 
$15 per head lower on the London market than early 
In the week. Quotations are 5%@6d, or ll@i2c, 
estimated dressed weight, sinking the offal.; City 
dressed beef firm and In fair demand at 6%® 8c for 
very common to extra native sides. 
MILCH COWS.- Market steady at $25@850 per head 
for inferior to choice cows. 
CALVES.—Dressed calves are firm and good stock 
is wanted. Country dressed veals sold at 6%®9%e 
(little calves at 4%®6c); city dressed at 7%@10%c 
(extia carcasses at He); dressed Westerns at 4%@6%c 
while a few very common barnyard calves and year- 
liugsjgo as low as 4c. 
SHEEP AND LAMBS.—Trade was limited, but sellers 
were hcloing very firm, and lambs were fully 25c per 
100 pounds higher. Reported transactions were a t 
the rate of $4 75@$5 75 for medium to prime sheep, 
and $6 50®$6 90 for good to choice lambs. Dressed 
mutton firm at 6® 9c, and dressed lambs sold at 9®'0e. 
HOGS.—Market nominally firm at $3 50@$S 80 per 
100 pounds. 
Advertisers treat all correspondents 
well If they mention The Rural New- 
Yorker. 
NURSERYMEN 
Selling In CANADA, will save Duty 
and Freight by buying in the Coun¬ 
try. A large and well established 
business Is offered for sale. Well- 
grown stock, ready for market, of 
all lines of Fruits, Grape Vines and 
many Ornamentals: also a complete 
assortment coming on. Nursery lo 
cated In most desirable section for 
soli, climate and shipping facilities. 
Correspondence Invited. Address 
Post Office Drawer 90, St. Catherines, Ont. 
Good Rural Books. 
The following books are selected from 
our extended list as the most desirable on 
the subjects of which they treat. Sent by 
mail post paid on receipt of price. A com¬ 
plete list of books on rural subjects sent on 
request. _ 
Fruits, Etc. 
American Fruit Culturist. Thomas 
(593 p. ; illustrated). $2.00 
A. B. C. of Strawberry Culture. 
Terry (140 p.; ill.) Paper.40 
Apple Culture, Field Notes on. 
Bailey (90 p. ; ill.).75 
Fruits and Fruit Trees of America. 
Downing (1,500 p.; ill.). 5.00 
Fruit Garden. Barry (500 p.; ill.)_ 2.00 
Grape Culturist. Fuller (283 p.; ill.). 1.50 
Peach Culture. Rutter. Paper, 50 cts.; 
Pear Culture for Profit. Quinn 
(136 p.). 1.00 
Propagation of Plants. Fuller 
(350 p.; ill.). 1.50 
Propagstion, Art of, Jenkins, (paper; 
30 p.; ill.).30 
Small Fruits, Success with. Roe. 
(380 p.). 1.50 
Small Fruit Culturist. Fuller (325 
p.; ill.). 1.50 
Vegetables, Etc. 
Celery Manual. $0.25 
Cabbages. Gregory (25 p.).30 
Carrots and Mangold-Wurtzels. .30 
Gardening for Profit. Henderson 
(350 p. ; ill.). 2.00 
Gardening for Young and Old. Harris 
(190 p. ; ill.).- 1.25 
Garden and Farm Topics. Henderson. 1.50 
Gardening, Success in Market. Raw- 
son (p. 210.; ill.). 1.00 
Garden—How to make it Pay. 
Greiner (260 p.; ill.). 2.00 
How Crops Feed. Johnson (400 p.: ill.) 2.00 
How Crops Grow. Johnson (375 p.).. 2.00 
Mushroom Culture for Amateurs. 
May (Eng.; 50 p.; ill.) paper.50 
Money in the Garden. Quinn (150 p.).. 1.50 
Truck Farming at the South. Oemler 
(265 p. ; ill.). 1.50 
Floriculture. 
Azalea Culture. Halliday (110 p.; ill.) 
Special price. $0.75 
Bulbs. Rand (350 p. ; ill.). 2.50 
Every Woman Her Own Flower Gard¬ 
ener. Daisy Eyebright (130 p.)... 1.00 
Gardening for Pleasure. Henderson 
(400 p. ; ill.). 2.00 
Hand-Book of Plants. Henderson 
(520 p.: ill.). 4.00 
Home Florist, The. Long. 1.50 
Practical Floriculture. Henderson 
(820 p.; ill.). 1.50 
Rose, The. Ellwanger (290 p.). 1.25 
General Agriculture. 
Agriculture. Storer (2 vols ). $5.00 
Ensilage and Silos. Colcord. 1.00 
The Silo. A. J. Cook.25 
Grasses and Forage Plants. Flint. 2.00 
How the Farm Pays. Henderson and 
Crozier. 2.50 
Irrigation for Farm, Garden and Or¬ 
chard. Stewart. 1.50 
Manures, Book on. Harris (350 p.)... 1.75 
Culture of Farm Crops. Stewart_ 1.59 
Live Stock, Poultry, Etc. 
Cattle Feeding, Manual of. Armsby 
(500 p.).$1.75 
Feeding Animals. Stewart. 2.00 
Milch Cows and Dairy Farming. Flint 
(450 p.). 2.00 
Dairyman’s Manual. Stewart. 2.00 
Practical Poultry Keeper. Wright 
(236 p. ; ill.). 2.00 
Poultry Culture. I. K. Felch. 1.50 
Harris on the Pig. Joseph Harris_ 1.50 
Veterinary Adviser. James Law_ 3.00 
Any $1.00 book published in the United 
States sent prepaid, together with a year’s 
subscription to either The Rural New- 
Yorker or The American Garden, for 
$2.50. Any $1.50 book, ditto, for $2.75* 
Any $2.00 book, ditto, for $3.00. 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO.* 
Times Building, New York. 
