1891 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
117 
The Origin oi Diseases. 
“As to the origin of diseases, that roust 
be obvious.” This was written over two 
thousand years ago, but now, after twenty- 
two centuries of experiment and investiga¬ 
tion, the origin of diseases is not obvious at 
all. Not knowing the cause, It should 
seem difficult to find the proper drug to 
administer. As we have no time to await 
the result of other centuries of scientific 
research, why not try a remedy which is 
not a drug, but a vitalizer, inhaled into 
the lungs, absorbed into the blood, and 
which, reaching every organ of the body, 
gives strength to resist and repel the 
disease ? Such a remedy is Compound Oxy¬ 
gen. We have hundreds of testimonials. 
Our brochure of 200 pages contains a 
mass of evidence, testimonials, and inter¬ 
esting reading matter, even for well per¬ 
sons. Sent free. It gives the history of 
Compound Oxygen, its nature and results, 
with records of cases pronounced incurable, 
but still they were cured by our Compound 
Oxygen Treatment. Address Drs. Starkey 
& Palen, 1529 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa., 
or 120 Sutter St., San Francisco, Cal.—Adv. 
LIVE STO OK—Continued. 
Why not try peas and oats as a “ sand¬ 
wich” crop this year ? 
Give the horse an hour to eat his break¬ 
fast. 
Mr. D. S. Thomas says that the once 
popular fallacy that starving colts and 
“freezing out” in winter is the way to 
make trotters has been exploded. But it 
doubtless has had its effect in helping to 
dwarf the trotting-bred horses, and arm 
their adversaries with the“ spindle shank ” 
argument. It is well known that the stunt¬ 
ing process has developed all kinds of scrub 
stock. He also grows eloquent in showing 
that an Indiana clover field has more of 
“ the stuff that makes great horses ” than 
a Kentucky Blue Grass pasture. 
“Clover” he says, “is the only crop 
which at the same time fertilizes the soil 
and produces food. It comes nearer a per¬ 
fect ration complete within itself than any 
other crop. It can be most cheaply pro¬ 
duced. It is both a summer and winter 
food. It develops most rapidly and eco¬ 
nomically the whole animal structure, fur¬ 
nishing the most nutriment to build bone 
and muscle.” 
Sheep Instead of Wheat.— Veracious 
“Eli Perkins” makes the following state¬ 
ment : 
“ Hundreds of car-loads of horses, which 
have done nothing but plow for wheat, 
are coming out of that Dakota wheat coun¬ 
try to be traded for sheep in Ohio and 
Pennsylvania. The country about Mendon 
and Bismarck is being stocked with sheep 
in place of raising wheat. It is the firm 
opinion of Dalrymple, the great Dakota 
wheat raiser, that there will be 60,000,000 
bushels less of wheat raised next year than 
the year before.” 
Our advices indicate the truth of this 
statement, to a certain extent, at least. 
Gov. Hoard says that during a recent 
trip through the oldest dairy section of 
New York State, he saw on a day with the 
mercury down to zero hundreds of herds of 
cows patrolling the fields up to their ankles 
in snow. In many instances the owners 
were foddering the cows, either with hay 
or corn-stalks, on the snow, rods away from 
the stable. He wonders if these owners 
kept cows for profit or for fun. 
The Guernsey breeders passed this reso¬ 
lution at their last meeting: 
“ Resolved, That a committee be ap¬ 
pointed to take into consideration the 
reports that have been circulated to the 
effect that Guernsey cattle, in common 
with Jersey cattle, are peculiarly liable to 
tuberculosis, with power to institute an in¬ 
vestigation by medical experts into the 
truth or falsity of this assertion, so far as 
the herds of members of this club are con¬ 
cerned, with a view to determining the 
probable correctness of the assertion as to 
Channel Island cattle in general.” 
The larger Guernseys have always had 
the reputation of being sturdier and more 
robust than their more southern neighbors, 
the Jerseys, yet the imputation that the 
Channel islanders are peculiarly suscept¬ 
ible to tuberculosis pulmonalis has ex¬ 
tended, it seems, to them also. 
At the meeting of Ohio breeders a paper 
was read ably advocating the Oxford breed 
of sheep. In the discussion following it 
this statement was made: “ Oxfords will 
clip about three pounds more wool here 
than in England. They have been bred 
for the purpose of supplying very fat mut¬ 
ton for the miner and workingman of Eng¬ 
land and the aim of their improver has 
been realized. They will eat the coarsest, 
roughest food and produce a quality of 
mutton that the workingman can afford 
to consume. The wool on the Oxford is of 
its own kind; it would not be good wool 
for the Shropshire or for the South Down. 
And so far as mutton is concerned the 
South Down is the best of all breeds and 
South Down mutton cannot be had outside 
of that breed. Many Shropshire men are 
trying to get near the South Down type, 
and the nearer they approach it the better 
sheep they have.” 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR. F. L. KILBORNE. 
Sows Eating Their Pigs; Old Hogs 
Killing and Eating the Young. 
17. P. T., Little Rock, Ark. —I have a lot 
of 80 to 100 Berkshire hogs confined in 
a two acre lot through which runs a stream 
of water. They get all the corn they can 
eat, besides an occasional feed of green 
stuff. They also get charcoal, which they 
devour greedily. When the brood sows are 
near farrowing time we put them in a 
separate lot; but in spite of all we can do, 
the sows and larger hogs kill and eat every 
pig they can get hold of. A number of the 
sows kill and eat every little, weak pig of 
their own litters. Why do they do so, and 
are there any means of preventing them ? 
I have been a practical farmer for over 40 
years; but have never met with a like ex¬ 
perience. 
Ans.—T hat the older hogs should destroy 
and eat the young and weak, when all are 
allowed to run together, is not at all 
strange, since hogs readily acquire a liking 
for a carnivorous diet. Such destruction 
can best be prevented by keeping the sows 
with pigs in separate compartments and 
the young pigs by themselves until old and 
strong enough to keep out of the way of 
the older hogs. If one or more of the old 
hogs becomes especially vicious, it may be 
desirable to fatten and kill them to prevent 
their getting others into the same habit. 
Young sows especially not infrequently ac¬ 
quire the habit of killing and eating their 
young, even when undisturbed and penned 
alone. The desire for something salty is 
often apparently the cause why animals 
eat their own young, or those of others. 
In the breeding of rabbits and guinea pigs I 
have found that dams eat their young 
much less frequently if lumps of rock 
salt are kept constantly in their pens. 
While I have never tried the salt on swine, 
it is probable that an occasional allowance 
of it, or large lumps of the rock salt in 
their pens, would in a measure satisfy their 
craving for flesh. Various methods are 
adopted by swine breeders to prevent the 
sows from eating their pigs ; but I know of 
none that is entirely satisfactory. Coburn 
advises moistening the hair of the young 
pigs with kerosene, applied cautiously with 
a small woolen cloth, so as not to get much 
of the kerosene on their tender skins. Prob¬ 
ably the most satisfactory method is to 
carefully watch the sows for a few hours 
while littering; remove the dead and pre¬ 
vent them from destroying the living until 
they have become quiet and the pigs have 
had an opportunity to suckle. After a 
sow has once nursed her pigs she will rarely 
destroy them, unless the habit has been 
previously acquired. If the habit is once 
well formed and the sow continues to kill 
two or three successive litters, she should 
be consigned to the butcher. 
Horse Out of Condition—Hide- 
Bound. 
J. K., Whitenberg, Wis.— What can I do 
for my driving pony, which is hide-bound ? 
Ans.—T he query is too indefinite to ad¬ 
mit of a very satisfactory auswer. An 
animal may become hide bound from a 
variety of causes. Try the following gen¬ 
eral course of treatment: Place the ani¬ 
mal on a bran mash diet for 12 hours; then 
give a physic ball or drench, giving one 
dram each of the best aloes and ginger for 
every 150 pounds of horse flesh. Continue 
the mash diet until the animal is well 
purged. If not freely purged by the first 
dose, repeat the course in three days. As 
a tonic, give two-tablespoonful doses twice 
daily on the feed of the following powders: 
Powdered gentian and sulphate of soda 
each one pound, nitrate of potash and 
powdered nux vomica each one-fourth of a 
pound; mix. Feed moderately and keep 
the bowels open, giving a bran mash at 
night once or twice a week if necessary. 
One-half pint of ground flaxseed in the 
feed night and morning would be excellent 
to assist in keeping the bowels in order and 
in improving the condition and appearance 
of the skin. 
Chronic Diarrhea in a Colt. 
M. E. McM., Chenango County, N. Y. 
—My colt, foaled last October, for some time 
has had dysentery. He eats hay and ground 
oats well and feels well, and is otherwise 
in good order, and his dam is well and a 
fair milker. What shall I do for him ? 
Ans.—A personal examination of the 
condition of the colt and the surroundings, 
to ascertain the probable cause, would be 
necessary to enable us to give a very defi¬ 
nite answer. If possible change the diet, 
examine the foods given to both colt and 
mare to make sure all are wholesome and 
none are mouldy or of poor quality. Give 
one-half a tablespoonful of oil of turpen¬ 
tine well mixed with four tablespoonfuls 
of castor oil, to remove any irritant in the 
bowels. If the diarrhea continue give one 
of the following powders twice daily : 
Calomel, 20 grains; chalk, four drams; rub 
well together and make into 20 powders. 
Rub the belly with mustard wet with warm 
water, or with a liniment of one part 
of strong ammonia and two parts 
of sweet oil well shaken together. Cover 
with a blanket for an hour or two. If the 
mustard is used it should be made quite 
thin, and then washed off after a few hours. 
Mare in Poor Flesh: Caveat Emptor. 
Subscriber, (address mislaid.)—!. My 
four-year-old mare standing idle in the 
stable, gets all the hay she can eat and three 
quarts of ground oats per day, still she is in 
poor flesh and doesn’t gain anything. While 
standing her hind legs become quite 
swollen, and she passes pin-worms. She 
eats and drinks well. What should be 
done for her? 2. Wanting a breeding mare, 
I bought one which was represented as 
sound and all right, and only 10 years old. 
I find she is 20, and will not stand when 
hitched to a post when I have driven her to 
the village. Have I any redress? 
Ans.— 1. Place the mare on a bran mash 
diet for 24 hours, feeding nothing else. Then 
give six drams of the best aloes with one 
ounce of ginger, in a ball or as a drench. 
Twelve hours after giving the physic, give 
three ounces of oil of turpentine well shaken 
up with one pint of raw linseed oil. Twelve 
or twenty-four hours later, give an injec¬ 
tion of four ounces of the oil of turpentine 
in one quart of sweet or linseed oil. Re¬ 
peat the full course of treatment in about 
two weeks. During this treatment feed 
lightly on the bran mashes only. If at any 
time the bowels become too loose, discon¬ 
tinue the treatment for a day or two, and 
then continue, omitting the aloes. Follow¬ 
ing the above treatment, give one of the 
following powders on the feed twice a day 
for a week, then omit for a week and re¬ 
peat as before: Sulphate of iron, four 
ounces ; best aloes, two ounces ; nitrate of 
potash, four ounces; make into 16powders. 
The mare should have daily exercise, either 
in a small yard or by light driving for three 
to five miles. 2. It depends upon the contract 
made In purchasing the mare. If you 
bought the mare on your own judgment, 
or “ as she stood,” you have no redress. If, 
however, you can prove misrepresentation, 
the mare having been guaranteed to be 
not over 10 years old and without bad 
habits, you would have cause of action 
and should be able to collect damages in 
a civil suit if you purchased her from a 
responsible party. 
Public Speakers and Singers 
Can use “Brown’s Bronchial Troches ” 
freely, without fear of injury, as they con¬ 
tain nothing injurious. They are invalu¬ 
able for allaying the hoarseness and irrita¬ 
tion incident to vocal exertion, effectually 
clearing and strengthening the voice. 
“ Have used them through all my minis¬ 
terial life.” — Rev. C. S. Vedder, Charles¬ 
ton, S. C. Ask for and obtain only 
“ Brown’s Bronchial Troches,” 25 cents 
a box. — Adv. 
RAPID PORK MAKING. 
How can a farmer without a dairy breed 
March pigs and make them weigh 275 
pounds by December 1 ? 
Teach Them to Eat Properly. 
By teaching them to eat as soon as pos¬ 
sible soaked corn and oats and giving them 
all they can eat, and changing their feed 
three or four times a week, slopping them 
freely with shorts and oil meal mixed to¬ 
gether in clear, pure water. They should 
also get plenty of salt, ashes and charcoal; 
if they can get no charcoal, let them have a 
moderate quantity of soft stone coal; then 
feed plenty of pumpkins in their season. 
As to pigs for early market, keep them go¬ 
ing all the time; feed all they will eat, but 
don’t let them have more food than they 
will eat up clean, unless it be fruit or 
pumpkins. c. J. STDCKLEY. 
Logan County, Ill. 
200-Pound Pigs Are Cheaper. 
Select a good feeder; feed the dam liber¬ 
ally while suckling; furnish an extra feed 
trough where the pigs can eat a slop made 
from shorts or middlings separately at any 
time. Give them the run of a good pasture 
—clover is best—and as they get older in¬ 
crease the amount of corn. I prefer to give 
the pigs soaked corn as soon as they will eat 
it. But why make them weigh 275 pounds 
each ? The same number of pounds can 
be produced from 200-pound pigs at a less 
cost per pound, and a 200-pound pig always 
tops the market if in proper condition. 
Hillsdale Co., Mich. w. h. walworth. 
Corn Meal, Mush and Milk. 
Make a mush of cooked corn-meal and 
rye chop,-to which add all house slops and 
the milk of one or more cows which nearly 
every farmer keeps, and feed five times a 
day during the first months after weaning. 
Give the sow a liberal feed of slops in which 
bran and rye chop are the principal in¬ 
gredients. In this way I have raised a litter 
of eight Berkshire pigs, that, when 90 days 
old, averaged 106>£ pounds each. 
Henry Coupty, Iowa. M. w. KENNEDY. 
Clover and Corn. 
To secure the cheapest and healthiest 
pigs one should breed the sows in Decem¬ 
ber and let the pigs grow iu March and 
April. They should have a good clover 
pasture to run on, and a little feed morn¬ 
ings and evenings, and when clover begins 
to get old the feed should be increased. 
Never give them more than they will eat 
up clean. For about eight weeks before 
they are put on the market they should be 
kept together in lots of not more than 12 
and fed three times a day all they will eat 
up clean; and if they are good Essex or 
Suffolk or belong to any other good small 
breed, and have been farrowed in March or 
April, by the first of November they will 
average 275 pounds each. ALVA c. GREEN. 
Randolph County, Ind. 
PteccUaniW gnivaiiiSing. 
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