Condensed Correspondence. 
Cortland County, N. Y.-We had a big 
fall of snow last week and a perfect gale 
from the south, accompanied with snow, 
sleet, and rain. Plenty of snow here for 
sleighing, but I hear of places near by 
where wagons are used. We have had 
sleighing since the fourth of December. 
L. c. w. 
Clarke County, Ohio.—I am a young 
man, 81 years old; five years ago I started 
in the small fruit business, and growing 
seeds on contract. I only bad about $200, 
but to day my place of 22 acres is worth 
$3,700. 1 have it all paid for and have a 
little money on interest besides, so I think 
I have done very well. F. M. 
Livingston Co., Mich.—A mild winter ; 
no snow; the ground frozen most of the 
time. Wheat is looking well so far; a 
larger acreage than a year ago. Corn and 
oats high and scarce. Hogs low. Beans 
are the paying crop in this section; almost 
every farmer raised from 10 to 60 acres last 
year; present price $1.25 to $1.80 per bushel. 
K. M. T. 
Antrim County, Mich.—W inter wheat 
is in good condition, being covered with 
at least eight inches of snow. The winter 
so far has been very mild and consequently 
all kinds of stock are in good condition. 
Wheat is worth 90 cents; corn, 70cents; 
potatoes 75 cents; dressed beef, five and six 
cents per pound ; pork, five and six cents; 
farmers’ butter, 22 cents; eggs, 20 cents. 
_ A. O. C. 
Santa Clara County, Cal.—O ur ranch 
(under fruits of different kinds) is in the 
Santa Cruz Mountains, at an elevation of 
1,400 feet, and distant from San Francisco 
about 60 miles. Our largest and best crops 
last year were English Cherries-8,500 / 
pounds from 84 trees-and Malvoisie 1 
Grapes, which produced, by actual weight < 
of the fruit and measurement of the land, 
at the rate of 12% tons per acre. French s 
Prunes and Bartlett Pears were about half j 
crops, and there were but few apples and 
peaches - G. r. b. i 
Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory.— 
Corn is scarce at$l per bushel. No potatoes s 
of either kind. Cotton a very short crop, v 
and sold at the lowest prices ever known 0 
here. Hard times are upon us. Many 
families are destitute of the necessaries of 
life. The question is how are they going 
to get through while making the next crop a j 
This is a good country when we have 1 
plenty of rain. Last year there was the u 
greatest drought ever known here. A great ' 
many are in debt to the merchants who P1 
advanced supplies while the crop was being 
made. Will this country ever become self- ^ 
supporting? Never till farmers learn to R ' 
plant less and cultivate better. Not till we wl 
do away with the all-cotton plan, raise ce 
more vegetables and fruit, and dispense K< 
with the c redit system. I cannot help con- 01 
gratulating The Rural for the many ex¬ 
cellent ideas published in it. Keep the ball du 
a-rolling. Long life and many years of use- ve 
fulness are my best wishes. R . K . Ju 
Merrimack County, N. H -Prices here wa 
‘ Reav * draft ^en in good flesh, from [ 61 
$J0 to $110; new milch cows, $80; farrow 
$ 22 , with prospect that fresh March and ye£ 
April cows will be as high as $35 to $40. pri 
I he town creamery has failed and shut C8t 
down, and the plant is for sale. Good 188 
sheep of the Down breeds are in good de- in ! 
mand at $3 to $7 each. Shoats are plenti- 
ful and cheap-tbose of 60 to 75 pounds live BE 
weight are only $3 each; hogs, live, three T 
cents per pound; dressed, five cents per fec 
pound ; beef plentiful at five and six cents, 
dressed, per pound. Butter, 20 cents per 
pound; eggs 24 cents per dozen ; potatoes, “e 
$1 per bushel, and there’s considerable com- bet 
Plaint of rotting in the cellars. Apples are 
scarce owing to rot; a few change hands at a n d 
$3 per barrel. Meal, $1.40; middlings, $1.40; SL 
shorts, $1.25; oats, 75 cents per bushel— t hii 
rather hard on those farmers that had Dro l 
short crops. Snow is about 2% feet on the thoi 
level in the northern section of this county. d i es 
V, eather cold in December and pleasant in a si 
January, and so far in February. H . c. two 
New York. In my experience I have ern 
never found a soil and climate better fitted alwt 
to produce the staple necessaries of life does 
than those of North Carolina. Land is ers 
cheap and easy of cultivation. The State prof 
Is within 36 hours of New York. The peo- is a 
pie are hospitable, all the cereals can be but 
grown, to say nothing of the trucking in- plaii 
dustry and last, but not least, the cotton Poor 
and tot acco crops. I have seen the methods class 
employed by the fellah in Egypt, the resp< 
ryot in India, the coolie in Ceylon and As- furtl 
sam coffee and tea plantations, and have not a 
worked as a farm hand “Down East.” I and 
was raised on a farm in the south of Eng- Gillil 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
land, and have arrived at this conclusion— 
? that for the average man possessed of push 
9 and energy there is no place like North Car- 
, olina. Agriculture is, about 50 years be- 
r hindhand, especially in the eastern coun- 
T ties, and the man who keeps posted as to 
[ the latest thing in agriculture is the man 
who is going to come out on top; but large 
holdings of land, negro labor, and the 
> credit system for supplies and fertilizers 
l will surely impoverish any man r. g. f. 
Bkecham’s Pills cure Sick Headache. 
CROP AND MARKET NOTES. 
A fire in a hop warehouse in this city did 
$50,000 damage. 
The orange groves of southern Califor¬ 
nia it is said never looked finer than at 
present. 
The Argentine maize crop has been re¬ 
duced by drought to one-fourth the yield 
of last year. 
The truckers and farmers of the Eastern 
Shore of Virginia are doubling their acre¬ 
age of potatoes this year. 
The Michigan State wheat crop report 
for February says that only 40 per cent of 
the correspondents report any injury to 
the crop. 
The exports of corn from Philadelphia 
from January 1 to February 6 were 60,597 
bushels, against 1,790,437 bushels during the 
same time last year. 
The transactions of the Elgin Board of 
Trade for 1890 covered 24,701,492 pounds of 
butter and 5.052 420 pounds of cheese, 
valued at $5,707,442 50. 
A San Diego, California, enthusiast is 
going into the pineapple business quite ex¬ 
tensively and also will plant coffee plants 
cocoanuts, bread fruit trees, etc. 
The highest average yield of corn per 
acre in the United States for the last five 
years was 27 bushels in 1889; the lowest ! 
average yield for five years, 19.9 bushels in t 
1890. v 
years. A great many Ben Davis are sold 
but they are of poor quality and must go 
at a lower price in a season when apples 
are at all plentiful. That diminutive fruit 
the Lady Apple, is in great demand at 
high prices for a dessert fruit, there being 
practically none this year. Whether the 
extra price usually obtained for them will 
pay the grower for their production is a 
question he must decide. Sweet apples 
are in limited demand. The demand for 
early and fall apples is also limited and the 
price fluctuates more than for later varie¬ 
ties. The Fameuse is a fine fruit and brings 
good prices; where it succeeds it should 
prove profitable. We are asked to name the 
best four varieties to plant for market. 
This is manifestly an impossibility. It is 
safe enough for the most of the country to 
name the Baldwin and R. I. Greening, but 
beyond that there are so many varieties that 
do well in our locality and fail In another, 
that those familiar with the locality where 
the planting is to be done are the only ones 
competent to decide. New and untried 
varieties, no matter how much they are 
boomed, should be let alone by the market 
grower, or at least planted only in an exper¬ 
imental way. 
The Maine ice crop is about secured. A 
smaller amount than last year was har¬ 
vested, and the expense has been greater 
owing to frequent and severe storms of sleet 
and rain. 
Prices of Champagne and other wines 
are to be again advanced in this city by 
all but one house. The agents claim a 
short crop of grapes as the cause, but the 
house noted says it is satisfied with the 
present prices and profits. 
I 1 rom the reports of its correspondents on 
the condition of winter wheat, the Farmers’ 
Review publishes percentages of condition 
which average as follows : Illinois 88 per 
cent; Indiana, 89 ; Iowa, 91 ; Kansas, 99- 
Kentucky, 89 ; Michigan, 92; Missouri, 89^ 
Ohio, 97, and Wisconsin, 90. 
The highest price for corn in Chicago 
during the last 26 years was $1.40 in No¬ 
vember, 1864; the lowest price 27 cent, in 
June, 1873. The highest price for 10 years 
was $1, in September, 1884; the lowest in 10 
years, 27% cents, in February, 1890 The 
highest price for oats during the last 26 
years was 90cents, in June, 1867; the lowest 
price 12% cents, in June, 1881. The high¬ 
est price for 10 years, Q2 cents, in July, 
1882; the lowest price for 10 years, 19 cents ’ 
in September, 1889. 
LATEST WHOLESALE PRICES 
COUNTRY PRODUCE. 
New York, Monday, February 16, 1891. 
Beans are quiet under good supplies and limited 
demands, but prices show little change. Trading is 
mostly for immediate want 9 . 
Marrows-New $ lS5®*v.75, New Mediums choice. 
Pea > * 2 -^5 Red Kidney, $3 00,8*3 10, White 
a<; iTh C m ’ 4 °®* 2 50 ! Fore 'K n Mediums, (1 75 ® 
*2 00: do Marrow. *2 6 % S2 75; Green Peas. 81 (, 00 * 1 15 
California Lima, 82 95® 83. 
t,^n TTE M *n ken a rather unex Pected upward 
n. Nearly all rresh made has advanced from one 
to two cents per pouud. Nearly everything Is sold as 
fast as it arrives, and the prospect is good for a good 
market for some time to come. There has been less 
change In dairy butter, but the higher prices of 
creamery Inc.ease the demaud for aairy, and all 
good stockselJs readily. Some butter comes in rolls, 
but this sells for a low price usually. 
FEB. 21 
lzzi&L rye - 8hort rye - "«•* ° at 
Honey.—N ew Comb quoted nominally at 16ai8f> for 
white clover and Il@i4c. for buckwheat. California 
extracted 7@7*c. 
Hops are unchanged. Trading Is dull 
State, >90 crop, 35® 36c; do, prime and choice, > 89,24 
«26c; do good, 22328c do common, 16320c; do 1888 
good am prime, 15a 17c; do do, common, 12®i4c;’ 
Pacific Coast, 1339 crops, 18 < 326 c; do. 1890 crop, 29 335c. 
NuTS ~ Peanuts are unchanged. Fancy, hand-picked 
quoted at and farmers’ grades at 30354c•' 
Pecans, 11012 c; Chestnuts, 82 00085 50 per bushel;’ 
Hickory Nuts, 81 75@8210 per bushel. 
Podltby is firmer for all good lots, both dressed 
a',. receipts of live were light and were 
sold readily at good prices. Fine young hen turkeys 
are in good demand at outside quotations. Squabs 
are selling well. 
Poultry-Live. -Chickens-Spring, per lb, 10 ai 0 *c. 
y,PCr ' b * "® n * c > do Western, per lb, 
l®ll«c; roosters, per lb, 6 ® 6 *c; Turkeys, per lb. 12® 
c, Ducks, Western, per pair, 65®85c ; Geese, West¬ 
ern, per pair, 81 25081 61 
PonLYBY.-DBEsaE^Tnrkeys. mixed, per lb. 10 ® 
2 ** ™ We8t€rn > choIce ' 10312* C ; docommon to, 
good, 5®8c; Ducks, spring, good. 10017; Squab; 
white, per dozen, 84 00@|4 50; do dark, do, 82 75 - 
Chickens, spring, Philadelphia. Il®i 6 c.; Western, 9 
012c; Fowls, near by, 12013 , 5 . 
TlK E rmI?fT' _POta, ° ei 8re a trlflP MRher and A’™ 
There is a fair supply of foreign Magnums, but re¬ 
ports indicate light stocks in transit so prices are 
RoTe . Con8,derabI ‘ s Quantities of Maine and N. B. 
Rose have been taken for Southern seed orders 
Sweets are in more moderate supply and flrxer 
Onions are quiet, the most inquiry being for red 
Cabbages are dull. Squash firmer. Celery of good* 
qua fty Is firm and in demand. Florida String Beans 
are lower. Kale and Spinach is low er, other South 
ern vegetables are firm but very irregular in qmh!J 
BEST APPLES FOR THIS MARKET. 
Three essentials are requisite for a per¬ 
fect market apple: Fine appearance, long 
keeping and good quality. The first is tlia 
most important consideration. Generally 
speaking, a bright red apple fills the bill 
better than any other, though the Rhode 
Island Greening is a standard market fruit 
and is always in demand. It is now selling 
the highest of all varieties. Taking all 
things into consideration, the Baldwin is 
probably as good a market variety as any 
though of poor quality. It keeps and han¬ 
dles well, better than the Greening, and is 
a showy apple when well grown. These 
two are the leading varieties. The North¬ 
ern Spy is a good market variety 
always sells well at good prices, but 
does not handle well, and many grow¬ 
ers say it is a poor bearer and un¬ 
profitable on that account. The King 
is a good variety for market in the fall 
but is not a long keeper and the same com¬ 
plaint is heard about the Spy, that it is a 
poor bearer. The Spitzenburg is a first- 
class market apple if well grown. A cor¬ 
respondent inquires about the Seekno- 
further. It Is a poor market apple. It is 
not a good keeper, generally poorly colored 
and hence not attractive looking The 
Gilliflower sells well in this market of late 
Cream eh y. Elgin, best, 28*28*0; State and Penn- 
Wmeru > best. 274 2 ?*c; do prime. 
24®26c; do good, 21023c; do poor, 17®19c; West- 
™ Im r l0D Creamer F, prune. 21<*23c: do fine 
1 i®19c; do porr, 13014c. DAIRY.-State. best, 23*025^ 
do prime, 22023c ; do good, 19®20c; do poor. 14@18c ; 
l^sc do f Pr t' n0 ' 1?* 20C : d ° fa ' r ’ 15 ® 17c i do poor, 11 
food,’ naiet d ° pr,me 18 ® 2(te - do 
Cheese.— The market continues strong and supplies 
are becoming much reduet d. It is very rarelv the 
case that stocks are so low as at present. All grades 
have been taken so readily that all have advanced in 
price proportionately. Holders are very indiff rent 
over sel ing. Our outside quotations have b,en 
refused for some fancy lots, the holders evidently 
expecting 11 cents; and it is not unitasouable to sup 
pose that they will obtain it. P 
909Wc^' luH? 10 t| Ci W * 1UJ4c; 8°° d t 9*39%; fair, 
*** »»». «*>: 
Egos have gone down with a rush. The continued 
warm weather has siimulated the biddies so that they 
have rather overdone the business. The demand is 
heavy Guaranteed fresh laid eggs, which means not 
over three days old, clean and delivered regularly 
,h!r g eh m hlgher prlcos ' but only those situated so 
that they can furnish a tegular and constant supply 
can get these prices. y 
Near by. fresn, 18*®l9c;Oanadlan.-®_c; Southern 
l,018*c; Western, best, 18*@19e. ’ ’ 
Fruits.-A pples have been in larger supply and the 
market a trifle dull, but pric-s show little change" 
Cranberries are quiet and in ouly moderate demand 
Grapes are scarce and firm. Florida oranges are sell- 
ing fairly when fine. Inferior grades drag dS 
fruits show little change, though there is it creasing 
firmness for evaporated apples. Choice might exceed 
our outside quotations. California fruits more 
active but no material change in prices. 
83 201 ; Sweets, do., 81 50083 25. Onlons’-West’ern New 
83 5^4 ^ ’ . y ° W - ^ 75 ®*4 00 . Western, 
83 50084 00; Jersey, $3 75®$4 ; Cabbage. L. L per 100 
8408^; Squash, per bbl., 8 08150; Turnips, per bbl’ 
60375c, Egg Plant, So ith‘-ru, per bbl., $ 83 * 12 , Caull- 
bbl ’’ ~' ° eler y* Per doz.. 7f C 81 50- 
String Beans, per crate, $1 50®$4 00 ; Cu< umbers Fla ’ 
per crate, * 100 ,,$: 50. Tomatoes, per I, S 
Ka'e Norfolk, per bo), 50060c; Spinach, Norfolk per 
> >1, $1 00 81 50. Peas, per crate, $3 ft. Beets, Fla 
per crate, *1 «$l 50. a >> 
GRAIN MARKETS. 
WHEAT.-The Improved demand for spot lots, boih 
here and West, had most to do with the buoyancy 
Cables were a shade better in some cases, and this 
too, helped the rise. Another strengthening factor 
was the moderate clearances, besides which there 
were some apprehensions of a July deal In Chicago 
wh.ch made local •‘shorts” a little nervous. The 
only weak feature was the continued full North¬ 
western receipts, but they had but little effect On 
the spot the/e was a rise of and offeingg con¬ 
tinued light, while demand was moderate. Sales- 
ugraded Winter Red and Spring. s7 % ,$1 js ; No 2 
Red quoted, $l 11 * eleV ator, $. 13« afloat; No f 
Hard spring, Nominal, $1 2 uJ$ afloat; No. 1 Northern 
$1 1-H afloat; No. 2 February, $1 , 1 ^ q 0 Marcn 
do May, $1 (js^ do June. $1 04W®$! 0 !«- do 
July 8101 1-16«$101^; do August, 9<^„97c; do Sep¬ 
tember. 96^c; do December, 98a99i$. RYE.-OuM 
firm and unchanged. Western, in boatloads, quoted 
at SO.*84c; Canada, 72@74c to arrive; Slate, 8 ®85e 
after jfauey BARLEY.-Steady, but trading slow.’ 
ales No. 2 Milwaukee, quoted at t2@83c. Uug.-aded 
Western. 7)092c; No. 2 Canada. 87c; extra No 2 do 
COBN 0 'wfr?. dtt 'f * 95C ’ two row ‘ d State. 60081 c. 
CORN With the decided strength in the leading 
cereal, this market also hardened. Strong and higher 
rr, es “T *" t0 the bUOyanc >'- Re elpts at 
the West were larger, but this was completely ignored. 
Npot lots made a slight advance and closed firm 
mlxfd 6 ^Lsw« d f’ Xed a “ d Whlt e , 62 *®«4*c; steamer 
d ; H ^ SAC eleVator afloat; No. 2 Mixed. 
6806S* C elevator, t4.64*c afloat; yellow. 68 * 06452 c 
elevator; steamer yellow, 63* ..63*0 elevator; No 2 
February, fisc; do March, 62,«62*e; do May. 59 *^ 
lo June, . S«059Hc; do July. 58J4@5»*c OATS were 
likewise affected by the buoyancy noted in other 
speculative cereals. Large receipis at the West had 
““ e f ^ eCt -. ° n * l,e spot there " as an advance of about 
*c, though Lading was only moderate. Sales—No 3 
m xed. 52c elevator; No. 3 white. 52c elevator; No 2 
mixed, 5254053c elevator; No. 2 white. 5 i*® 53 C ele- 
vator; No. 1 White. 56c elevator; No. 2 Chicago, 53*0 
53 ® 6 ^ ng Nn 9 v l K Xed 8Dd We8tern > 51 @^C. do white, 
53«62c, No. 2 Jebruary. 52*c; do March, 52*e- do 
May, 51*35l*c; No. 2 White February, 52fcc do 
March, 53*c; do May, 52J4 ” ’ 
LIVE STOCK MARKETS. 
Apples—N. Spy, $3085 00; Ballwin, $2 500*5 00 ■ 
Green. $8 5O0$6£O; Ben Davis, $4 000*5 00: common LIVE STOCK MARKETS. 
or.EiS,"" •h’ST’rr? —"‘ ht - « 
$3 2 i pet crate; do Jersey 82 752*3 00 per crate-'first t» ’ 8 lIggisb feeling, and the yards were ba 
Catawhn. ^ .. ’ a P p 8 f cleared at steady Drices. or nr __ 
* C 40 *r a F,ol 8 * per basket - Grape per bbl; 
* ®! 5 - V da Grauge8 - fa »ey bright fruit, 176 to 
200, $3 25, fancy bright* mlxeu counts, * 3 , common to 
fair grade, $2 500 82 75; coarse fruit. $l50a 82 25- 
‘ ai,8erIneS ’ mandarins, $2 to' 
Domestic. - Apples — Evaporated, good to fanev 
W* 0 15 * c; poor, 11012 c; coarse cut, 8 * 09 c; sliced, 
1 cf ? 01 Chopped, 404 *e, Coresand 
skins 3*04c. Cherries, new, 29031c; do, old, 8 @loc 
Raspberries. 27@29c; Blackberries, 809 c: Huckle 
berries, new, 18@19c; Blums, new, 10@l2c: Peaches 
California peeled, 30082c; do unpeeled. 13@18 C . South- 
““'o™'*. M*CI 
Game.-W ild dueks, and, indeed, most kinds of 
game continue scarce and prices are well maintained. 
quotation arrlVU>8ln I>001 ' COIldllioB sel1 below our 
Wild Ducks Western, Canvas, per pair, $3 5(l@$6 50; 
do, do Redhead, per pair, $2 00@$4 10 ; do, do, Mallard 
per pair 60085 c; do, do, Teal Blue wing, per pair, 350 
otic; do, do, common, per pair, 20025c. Snipe, ner 
doz. $1 5 O 0$2 25; Plover, do., 81 500*2. 
Is duH iS 1U large SUpply and P rlces « r e easy. Trading 
Cboice, 7U@75c, TlmoUiy, No. 1. 5O06Oe ; do No 
2, 50@-c; shipping, 40045c; Clover Mixed. 40@50c.’ 
cleared at steauy prices, or at 84 65«t$5 30 for medium 
to prime steers, $3 85 0 $1 61 for oxen, and $ 2«$4 25 for 
bulls and dry cows. City dressed beef went out 
slowly at 6 *® 8 c per pound, a lliile ohoice stock 
bringing 8 *c. Chicago dressed was quoted dull at 
6*®7*c for medium to good. C<ble advices to date 
"f/! a eont biued dull market for refrigerated beef 
at 4*d or scant 8 *c per pound, aud American steers 
are selling at 10*®12*c, estimated dressed wei ht 
sinking the offal. a • 
MILCH COWS.-Not much inquiry for fresh cows 
but good stock sells at previous quotations Too 
many common cows are shipped to this market. 
CALVES.—Demaud fair and prices steady for all 
grades, with good veals in very light supply. West¬ 
ern calves sold at 3*c per pound: common to fair 
8 ^13 8 at ttad best Rucks County up to 
3 £@'5>4C. 
SHEEP AND- LAMBS.—Sheep were steady, and 
lambs quotably unchanged, but it was . ifflcult to 
move the stock at the pnees. Poorest to best sheep 
sold at $4 ,53 85 62* per 100 pounds, bucks at $3 good 
to prime Jambs at $6 500*6 81*. Dressed mutton was 
held with a little more firmness, but sold rather 
slowly at ,®8*c. a few extra heavy Wethers bringing 
^ at the uptown slaughter houses. Dressed spring 
lambs arrived quite freely, and sold mainly at $ 60$9 
per carcass. 9 44 ^ 
HOGS.—Nominally weak at $3 65®$3 90 . 
