172 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
FEB. 28 
CASH SALES FROM THE FARM. 
How Much Money Do You Handle? 
Do you make “hired man's wages?” 
What crop3 bring the cash ? What do 
these crops cost ? How much fertility are 
you selling ? Eggs and butter keep the 
farm strong. The sheep is the premium 
animal. 
Below are found the statistics of a few 
more farms. 
Beans and Milk In Western New 
York. 
This farm is situated in Genesee County, 
85 miles east of Buffalo, and about the same 
distance west of Rochester, N. Y. It con¬ 
tains 200 acres—150 improved. Land has 
depreciated in value here greatly—at least 
30 per cent in the past 15 years. Probably 
$60 per acre would be all this farm would 
fetch in the market to day. The proceeds 
for 1890 were : 
Wheat. 
Barley. 
Beans. . 
Potatoes. 
Hay. 
Wool. 
Lambs an<l sheep. 
8,000 gallons tnllk to Buffalo 
Calves. 
Pears . . 
$170 00 
ro 00 
590 to 
70 0 ) 
60 00 
40 00 
100 00 
720 00 
12 50 
6 00 
Total.$1,928 00 
I kept 40 sheep and 12 cows—10 in milk 
all the time. I ship the milk to Buffalo 
the year round at an average price of nine 
cents per gallon. One hired man by the 
year and another during the summer 
months were required to do the work. I 
also purchased about $250 worth of feed, 
principally wheat bran for the cows. Oats 
and barley were very light here both in 
1890 and 1889. BEAN GKOWER. 
Genesee County, N. Y. 
Figure What His Wages Were per 
Day. 
I have a farm of 160 acres, 65 under the 
plow, 55 in meadow and pasture and 40 in 
woodland. The farm is assessed for $3,310. 
The assessors are trying to assess for 70 per 
cent of the value at a forcsd sale. I milked 
the last year eight cows, but depended on 
others to care for them last winter, and in 
spring they were not in proper condition 
for milking, which accounts for the small 
amount of butter sold. I have at present 
16 head of cattle, including two beeves, 
four horses and three hogs. The crops 
raised on the farm the past year were 50 
bushels of wheat from five acres ; 125 bush¬ 
els of rye and 14,350 pounds of straw from 
eight acres ; 500 bushels of oats from 32 
acres. The oats were only about one 
quarter of a crop. There were 60 tons of 
hay, 20 tons of which would be sold if the 
market was satisfactory. I have also 105 
hens, from which we sold 1,012 dozens of 
eggs and set and used nearly 150 dozens 
more. I raised 1,000 bushels of potatoes on 
seven acres, and by planting a good many 
Hebrons 1 lost 2JO bushels by rot in the 
cellar. There is an average of five in the 
family the year round—three of our own 
family and the hired help. 
FARM CREDIT. 
Grain . 
. $133 64 
. 448 35 
Butter, 1.010 pounds. 
Eggs, 1,014 dozen. 
. 170 68 
. 176 18 
. 289 97 
. 22 00 
Total. 
.$1,239 7T 
EXPENSE. 
Dry goods and clothing. . 
Groceries. 
F„rm Implements. . 
. $60 3 5 
. 53 69 
. 8 85 
. 30 56 
. 00 (10 
. 159 84 
. 36 99 
Sundries. 
. 205 94 
cutting of 100 cords of wood, by myself and 
one hand employed by the year who boards 
himself, for $200. The farm is stocked at 
present with 5 horses, 12 cattle, 120 sheep, 
12 hogs, 8 of which are ready for market, 
with plenty feed to carry all through. My 
sheep have proved, one year with another, 
my best “crops” in spite of the low price of 
wool: the 1,044 pounds of wool where shorn 
from 104 sheep. By carefully saving all the 
panure possible and applying it to my 
wheat ground, and by putting 200 pounds 
of commercial fertilizer to the acre on the 
remainder, I have made wheat to pay better 
than before I commenced using the fertil¬ 
izer: a yield of from 12 to 18 bushels (and 
often below 12 bushels) was all I could 
calculate on before I began the use of fer¬ 
tilizers. My lowest limit now is 18 bushels 
and from that to 25 bushels, besides the ad¬ 
vantages to the ciover crop which follow. 
I have set out to get 30 bushels per acre, 
and I believe sheep, clover and good farm¬ 
ing will reach the goal. G. A. HENRY. 
Logan County, Ohio. 
A Buttered Kansas Farm. 
My farm consists of 154 acres. Twelve 
years ago it was all prairie ; now 55 acres 
are under cultivation; the rest is prairie, 
pasture and meadow. I have a peach or¬ 
chard in bearing, and a young apple or¬ 
chard, as well as some small forest trees. 
The assessed value of the place is $930. The 
taxes this year were $23 72. I use the barrel 
churn. It is a little slower than some 
others; but it is handy and easily worked. 
I put the butter into rolls of from one to 
four pounds each as suits the customers. 
We receive for it 20 csnts per pound the 
year round. In summer we put it in 
crocks. Our cash sales the past year were. 
1. Butter..$240.00 
2. Eggs and poultry. .. 37.50 
8. 8 steer calves. 79.00 
4. Others. 10.00 
5. Shcats and hogs . 59 40 
The crops raised for feed were: 26 tons of 
millet, 6 acres of oats sowed thin and seeded 
to clover; and 326 shocks of corn, 14 hills 
square. I put up 8 tons of hay. Corn and 
prairie hay were very light. What clover 
there was, was good. I have 26 cows and 
heifers, 4 horses and 16 hogs of different 
ages. There are no abandoned farms here. 
Renters find it difficult to get farms. H. 
Princeton, Kan. 
Hoosler Milk, Hogs and Grain. 
My farm is composed of 200 acres, about 
140 of which are tillablo, and 60 timber, 
creek bottom, etc. There is but very little 
pasture. I live about 40 miles from Chi¬ 
cago, and having good railroad facilities I 
have shipped milk to that city for seven 
years and find it pays best and intend to 
drop some of the other branches and go 
into the dairying business more extensive¬ 
ly, but I do not believe in one thing exclu¬ 
sively. I keep from 15 to 18 cows and sell 
from 15 to 18 fat hogs each year, besides 
hay, grain, potatoes and other farm pro¬ 
ducts, and also poor cows; that is, cows un¬ 
fit for the dairy, and veal calves, which 
are dressed and shipped to Chicago. The 
amounts of the sales of the principal things 
from the farm for 1890 are as follows : 
1,159 cans milk (8 gal. per can). 
5 Cows.. 
18 Veal calves .. 
16 Hogs. 
Chickens and eggs. 
41% Tons ot hay. 
340% Bushels wheat.. 
348% “ rye. 
56 e-i “ corn.. 
183% '• p tatoes. 
16 Cords wood. 
$772 15 
115 00 
50 70 
165 70 
37 40 
243 96 
293 79 
174 30 
29 91 
161 70 
48 00 
Total. $551 72 
These statistics are copied from my 
Farmer’s Twenty Years’ Record. 
Steuben Co., N. Y. C. H. everett. 
Sheep, Clover, Good Farming: 
In Ohio. 
Our farm consists of 190 acres, of which 
88 are woodland, 40 pasture, 62 “ plow ” 
land. It is valued at $4,829. No lumber 
was sold last year, which has somewhat re¬ 
duced the income. The year was somewhat 
disastrous to the farmers in this section on 
account of the partial failure of the corn, 
oat, clover and potato crops. Had The 
Rural asked for my sold or cash products 
of the farm some other year they would 
have been greater, as I was compelled to 
keep all my surplus corn, oats, etc., to 
supply the deficiency in the crops the past 
year. 
Products raised and sold from the farm 
in 1890. 
416 bushels wheat.,.$338.00 
1,041 pounds wool. 216.00 
185 gallons maple syrup. 120.00 
9 head } oung cattle .105.00 
8 head hogs. 54.00 
12 rams . 120.' 0 
454 gauges cream .— 70.00 
poultry. 30.00 
175 dozen eggs. 25.00 
85 cord s wood.i.170.00 
Sundries. 20 00 
Total.$1,263.00 
The work has been done with the excep¬ 
tion of a few days in putting up hay, and the 
Total.$2,032 61 
Crops raised to feed, etc.: about 75 tons 
of hay, 500 bushels of corn, 310 bushels of 
oats, and 13 tons corn stalks to be run 
through the feed cutter for the cows. I 
have four work horses, two brood mares 
and six colts, and keep one hired man the 
year round and an extra man in haying and 
harvesting time and I work myself. I have 
kept a diary—a farm and family account- 
showing what is sold and what is bought, 
and I think it has paid me well. 
Lake County, Ind. s. D. Clinton. 
Wheat, Hogs, Sheep and Cattle : 
Illinois. 
This farm is situated in Christian 
County, Illinois. It comprises 160 acres, all 
tillable land. About one-half of it was 
formerly swamp; but this portion is now 
drained by wide ditches, which can readily 
be crossed by farming implements of any 
kind, and is now the best part of the farm. 
There are no tile drains, but the the owner 
intends to put some in at some future time. 
There is an orchard of about five acres, 
which is also used as a pig pasture, and 
there are probably 5,000 White Oak, Soft 
Maple and other deciduous trees in wind¬ 
breaks, clumps, etc., on the place. The 
owner follows “ mixed farming ” and the 
work is done by himself, assisted by three 
sons, aged respectively 17, 14 and 11, with 
some extra help during school term, haying 
time, etc. A hired girl is kept in the house 
during the greater part of the year. The 
account of actual sales for 1890 stands as 
follows : 
Winter wheat. . 
Hay . * 
Apples. 
Hogs. 
Sheep and wool. 
Cattle. 
Horse... 
Butter.. 
$185 78 
37 70 
58 50 
457 75 
306 10 
200 00 
95 00 
85 00 
Total. $1,425 83 
Quite a respectable lot of eggs and poul¬ 
try were sold—probably $50 worth—but as 
the proceeds were used as pin-money, no ac¬ 
count of them was taken. 
An invoice of stock, grain, etc., on hand 
shows: 
Horses, mules and colts, cash value . ... 
Cattle. 
Sheep. 
Hogs . 
Wheat. 
.$1,500 00 
. 465 00 
. 50 00 
_ 160 00 
. 80 03 
. 120 00 
Corn . 
. 630 00 
. 120 00 
Total. 
.$3,125 00 
berries and strawberries ; but owing to the 
failure of the apple crop we canned all the 
berries for our own use, although raspber¬ 
ries brought 14 cents per quart in the gro¬ 
cery. During a residence of seven years at 
the county seat our farm was rented, and 
although we have been living on it four 
years since that time, yet during these four 
years we have been erecting buildings, 
making fences, planting clover to be plowed 
under, eto., to try to get the farm in shape 
so we could farm with profit. So far we 
have made a good living and $100 or so 
over, but after this we expect to make 
more. 
Our cash sales for last year were as 
follows: 
2,377 pounds butter.$533.75 
252 dozen eggs. 80.63 
1 cow, calves. 91.90 
Clover seed. 16.85 
Wheat, for seed. 36.25 
Lambs, wool. 68.35 
Hogs, meat.:. 94.18 
40 bushels turnips. . 8.00 
Sundry small sales. 95.68 
Total sold.$975.64 
The assessed value of the farm is $1,740. 
GRANGER. 
Some Iowa Railroad Land. 
I bought the farm in 1872, of the B. & M. 
Railroad Co., it being a part of the govern¬ 
ment grant to that corporation. As it was 
virgin prairie, I cannot accuse my ancestors 
or any one else of having impoverished 
the soil. I have 160 acres with an assesed 
value of $1,282. I am wintering 56 cattle, 
22 hogs, and nine horses and colts. This is 
about the average, except in the case of 
the hogs, my present holding being about 
a quarter of the usual number, my herd 
having been visited by the dreaded hog 
cholera in the fall. Of the farm, 80 
acres are in pasture and I plow about 30 
each year, the rest is in meadow, orchard, 
yards, garden, etc. I do not raise any grain 
except corn. I sow grass seed by itself. I 
raised enough feed of all kinds to winter 
all the stock in good shape ; but I have al¬ 
ways to buy corn for fattening both hogs 
and steers of my own raising, in the sum¬ 
mer. 
Our cash sales, in 1890, were as follows : 
8,019 pounds of butter which brought, after 
deducting freight, tubs and commission .. $497 02 
Eight steers . 458 37 
Four cows and heifers. 99 88 
44 Hogs . 453 22 
Hay. 46 07 
Poultry and eggs. 43 68 
Honey. 16 84 
Total.$1,609 10 
From this should be deducted : 
For corn bought and fed. $229 67 
For oats “ “ “ . . 28 85 
Total.$258 02 
Leaving a balance of $1,351.08 on which we 
manage to live very comfortably, Gov. 
Boies’s statement in his speech in NewYork 
city to the contrary notwithstanding. 
Corning, Iowa. J. S. 
Crops raised the past season to be fed to 
14 cows, 3 horses, 20 sheep, 2 hogs are: 25 
tons of hay, 450 bushels of corn and the fod¬ 
der, 200 bushels of turnips, except the 40 
bushels sold to neighbors. We have 100 bush¬ 
els of so of wheat yet to sell, besides some 
potatoes, beans, chickens and turkeys. In 
addition to the above, we raised all the veg¬ 
etables, fruits, pork, beef, chickens, eggs, 
butter, etc., to supply our family. This is 
no small item,as there are 12 of us. Our aim 
is to put all bulky crops, such as hay, corn, 
turnips, etc., into the cows, besides bran, 
shorts and linseed meal which we buy. Our 
butter is made on the creamery plan and 
moulded into pound prints, which are en¬ 
gaged at 25 cents the year round. The pro¬ 
duce, or the main part of it, of our farm is 
thus carried to market in a common square 
basket, for we have never yet seen the sum¬ 
mer that was too warm for us to send but¬ 
ter from our milk house in any other form, 
than in pound prints, and we use no ice and 
have a distance of 15 miles to go before 
reaching market too. This is the reason 
why we put all our produce in butter. It 
is the handiest thing to get to market with. 
Usually we keep from 7 to 10 cows, but for 
next year we will have 14. FARMER’S GIRL. 
Scioto, Ohio. 
A Minnesota Man’s Showing. 
My farm contains 160 acres, 100 under 
the plow and 60 in pasture and grass land. 
It was assessed last spring at $1,800. Of the 
crops that bring cash I sold : 
282 Bushels wheat. 
75 “ barley. 
120 “ potatoes. 
486 Pounds butter. 
3,900 “ hogs. 
Pigs.. 
710 Dozen eggs . 
220 Pounds poultry (dressed) 
$214 80 
31 75 
70 95 
58 30 
117 00 
23 50 
70 10 
17 60 
Total 
$605 50 
Fertilizers Pay on this Pennsylvania 
Farm. 
My farm is in two tracts a short distance 
apart; 93 acres are in one tract and 62 in 
the other. About 90 acres are tillable. 
Assessed value $60 per acre. Father lives 
on the smaller tract. There are four in the 
family, including a hired man and woman. 
I am on the other tract. My family con¬ 
sists of wife, I and four children from four 
to ten years of age, and one hired hand, 
making, in all, 11 persons on the two 
tracts. After what is needed for family 
use, seed, etc., the surplus sold for cash 
last year was: 
Wheat, 85 acres, 750 bushels, surplus to sell_$ 592 00 
Sweet corn, 1 acre, 702 dozen. 134 64 
Butter from ! Jersey cows in pound prints to 
private families, average price27%cents.. 410 00 
Potatoes, 635 bushels, 5% acres, 410% bushels 
sold. 869 20 
Three young Jersey cows. 166 00 
One dressed hog at 6 >6 cents. 12 U0 
Fancy poultry sold. 101 00 
Total...$1,784 84 
There are yet 100 bushels of potatoes to 
sell worth now $1,20 per bushel, which 
should be added. 
8 tons of fertilizer for wheat. $90 00 
1% ton of fertilizer for potatoes. 40 00 
1-6 ton of fertilizer for sweet corn. 7 00 
Crops to be used on the farm. 
Corn, 9 acres, 90u bushels of ears. $16 00 
Oats, 3 acres, 140 bushels. 20 00 
Hay, 16 tous and corn fodder from 9 acres. 
Hired help costs $350 and board. We 
have realized a large profit from the ferti¬ 
lizers. A test strip left through the oat 
field without fertilizer showed that the 
crop would have been a failure without the 
fertilizer. On corn the fertilizer showed an 
increase of 25 bushels of ears per acre and 
they were by far the best in quality. Stock 
on the two places consists of four horses, 
one two-year old colt, eight hogs, seven 
cows, one bull, six calves and yearlings. 
Does farming-pay ? Yes. j. k. r. 
Fayette Co., Pa. 
Done While “ Getting In Shape.” 
Our farm consists of 160 acres, two-thirds 
of which is uncleared hill land, pasture and 
meadows. We have a small patch of rasp- 
1 have now on hand 255 bushels of wheat, 
470 bushels of oats, 50 bushels of barley, 225 
bushels of corn, 80 bushels of potatoes and 
more hay than I need; but that is not worth 
much here, as there is plenty of wild grass. 
I am now feeding seven horses,17 cattle and 
14 hogs. A hail storm on July 5 damaged 
the crops about one-fourth. Those who 
raised flax last year did very well, as they 
had as many bushels to the acre as they 
would have had of wheat, and flax sold for 
from $1.05 to $1.40; but it is hard on the land. 
It was a good year for flax here. I think 
butter will be worth more next year. 
Farmers have just built a large butter and 
cheese factory here in the village of Min¬ 
nesota Lake. m. m. 
Minnesota Lake, Minn. 
From a New York Potato County. 
I own the farm where I reside, consist¬ 
ing of 99 acres of it 17 acres: are wood and 
two are occupied by buildings and yards, 
leaving 80 acres tillable. It is assessed at 
$2,750. My cash sales for 1890 were as fol¬ 
lows : 
Butter. .... . $36 03 
Heifer. .. 40 00 
Potatoes at 85 cents per bushel. 284 00 
Buckwheat at 50 cents " 25 00 
Winter wheat at $1 “ 44 00 
Barley, 75 cents “ . i. 87 00 
Rye, 75 cents “ 15 00 
Timothy seed, at $1.75 “ 35 00 
Total.$516 00 
My inventory on the farm, taken Janu¬ 
ary 1, 1891, stands thus: 
Value of stock. $412 00 
“ farm products. 564 00 
“ hay and straw. 189 00 
“ farm implements. 437 00 
Total.$1,602 00 
The year 1890 was not a fair criterion to 
go by, as we had rain continually, and po¬ 
tatoes, which are raised in this vicinity 
quite extensively, were nearly a failure, as 
were barley and oats. My family consists 
of five, and we boarded enough to make 
the number six. The eggs were consumed 
at home, and nearly all the butter. No 
help hired. L. H. 
Dansville, N. Y. 
