Profitable Farming de¬ 
pends as much on sell¬ 
ing as on producing. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER’S 
A crop which is well 
grown is only half 
way to market. 
MARKET, CROP AND NEWS SPECIAL. 
TRADE WINDS. 
Financial. —The money market in this 
city was a little firmer during the past 
week and rates were somewhat higher. 
The increased activity incident to spring 
trading creates a greater demand for cur¬ 
rency and the money market is likely to 
remain firm. 
The Situation in Wheat.— At the end 
of February, Henry Clews & Co. issued a 
statement showing the present and pros¬ 
pective condition of the wheat supply of 
the world. Wheat has been moderately 
active during the week, and though at 
times a little irregular, the tone has been 
generally strong, on good buying by for¬ 
eigners and commission houses. A cold 
wave in the Northwest, reports that the 
French crop had been overestimated, 
heavy clearances from New York and other 
seaboard points, and an advance of a cent 
in export bids at St. Louis, have created a 
firm feeling in the trade and brought about 
a good speculative demand. Stronger 
foreign cables have also materially aided 
the firmness. There was some reaction on 
rumors of financial trouble in London, but 
as nothing definite could be ascertained 
the concession in prices waB soon regained. 
Our visible supply has increased 157,000 
bushels, and wheat on passage to the 
United Kingdom increased 448,000 bushels. 
The principal item of foreign news is a 
continuation of unfavorable reports from 
France, and it is now claimed that results 
in that country are much worse than was 
feared. The statistical situation of wheat 
commands general attention, not only at 
home but abroad, and although it is looked 
upon as being a strong one, a careful exam¬ 
ination of present conditions and supplies 
and a comparison of the latest figures re¬ 
ceived with those of previous years, show 
it to be in reality even stronger than is 
thought by the ordinary observer For a 
period of about nine years the wheat mar¬ 
kets of the commercial world have been 
abundantly supplied at prices considerably 
lower than had ever been known to prevail 
for so long a period. The deficiency caused 
by partial crop failures in important wheat 
producing countries—as in the United 
States in the years 1885 and 1888—were so 
promptly supplied from the reserve stocks 
of other countries that many of the most 
experienced traders were wholly unable to 
account for or understand the situation; 
but investigation reveals the following 
causes for this. With the present facilities 
for communication and transportation, 
any calculation as to the probable world’s 
supply which does not include all the com¬ 
mercial wheat producing countries is neces¬ 
sarily defective and misleading. During the 
first seven months of the year 1882 the price 
of wheat at New York was about $1.50 per 
bushel, with an active demand, while the 
world’s crops for that year were the largest 
ever grown, and exceeded the requirements 
by 200,000,000 bushels. But the reserve 
stocks at that time had been nearly ex¬ 
hausted. The normal consumption of 
wheat increases in like proportion to the 
increase in population, but very high prices 
have the effect of diminishing consump¬ 
tion. In recent years the fluctuations in 
price were practically unimportant, and 
consumption therefore continued about 
normal. The increase in population in the 
United States is at the rate of about 2}£ 
per cent per annum, but throughout the 
commercial world it is at the rate of about 
one per cent. On this basis it is found th*t 
while the world’s irjps have not been 
growing larger since 1882. tHe consump¬ 
tion has continued to increase, and lor 
this reaeon the present, reserve stocks 
of the world cannot but be very snal. 
During the nine years the reserve stocks 
have dttr<a ed 1,0(0 <00 • u^Lels. In tnis 
period three Tee*r\es reached ibeir highest 
point in 1887, when 3-40 COO (MO bushels had 
betn added to them D.-riUg 1888-89- 
20 they «tre a duc*d to 341 ,(M 0,000 bushels, 
and by June 30, 1891, tberetore, they will 
leas low, it not lower, than they were J une 
30, 1882, at which time, as we have before 
stated, they were almost exhausted. For 
the year 1891 a crop of 2,165,000,000 bushels 
is required for the world, and even if made 
would leave nothing to be earned over to 
the next year with which to reestablish re¬ 
serves. If the crop of 1891 should be as 
small as that of 1889 the situation would be 
somewhat similar to that of 1867, when 
wheat was selling at about$3.50 per bushel, 
though of course at that time gold com¬ 
manded a heavy premium. 
The corn market has been strong. Re¬ 
ceipts are not coming up to expectations, 
and clearances for export from the sea¬ 
board are good. It has been reported that 
nearly 300,000 bushels have been taken 
for export from St. Louis, and this, if true, 
will nearly exhaust stocks at that point. 
The feeling in both corn and oats is very 
bullish, and it looks as though this fact 
would carry prices higher. 
Provisions have been a little irregular, 
but with a great deal better feeling. The 
advance in corn has been the principal rea¬ 
son for this. Receipts of hogs at Chicago 
continue heavy, averaging about 35,000 to 
40,000 per day; but the trade appears to be 
getting a little used to this, and the heavy 
selling which was a feature a while ago has 
been greatly abated. Short ribs are much 
firmer on the better prices for grain and in 
sympathy with pork, and will, in all proba¬ 
bility be influenced by the fluctuations in 
.flog products. 
COMPLETED TO DEADWOOD. 
The Burlington Route, C.,B. & Q. R. R., 
from Chicago, Peoria and St. Louis, is now 
completed, and daily passenger trains are 
running through Lincoln, Neb., and Cus¬ 
ter, S. D., to Dead wood. Also to New¬ 
castle, Wyoming. Sleeping cars to Dead- 
wood.— Adv. 
AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 
At Milan, Tenn., a $20,000 creamery is to 
be established. 
A severe hailstorm visited portions of 
Illinois, Wednesday. 
The Cado F* rtilizer Company, Limited, 
has been incorporated at Shreveport, La. 
The Bradley Fertilizer Co. is preparing 
to erect a factory at Augusta, Ga., at a cost 
of $250,000. 
A cold storage warehouse will be erected 
at Macon, Ga., by the Planters’ Oil, Guano 
and Ice Co. 
The largest mushroom nursery in the 
United States, located at Doylestown, Pa., 
was burned recently. 
A company is being organized at Winns- 
boro, S. C., for the purpose of erecting and 
operating a canning factory. 
The Koch lymph was last week used on 
tuberculous cattle at the Veterinary Hos¬ 
pital of the University of Pennsylvania. 
The Texas Stockman and Farmers’ Pub¬ 
lishing Co., with capital stock of $15,000, 
has been incorporated at San Antonio, Tex. 
Efforts are being made at Catalpa, Ala., 
to organize a company with a view of 
erecting a plant for the manufacture of 
cotton bagging. 
Agricultural implement works are to be 
established at Martinsburg, Va., by the 
Martinsburg Manufacturing and Improve¬ 
ment Company. 
An international exposition is to be 
opened at Santo Paulo, Brazil, November 
1, 1892. American manufacturers are in¬ 
vited to exhibit. 
At Orangeburg, S. C., the Orangeburg 
Agricultural and Mecanicsl So.iety as¬ 
sembled in the Fair B ililing on the 14rh 
instant, and celebrated its 22 .d aunlvir- 
serv. 
The Smth Ctrolina Ventilated Barrel 
Co , with $L5,< 0» capital stock, has been In¬ 
corporated at Charleston, S. C., for tne 
manufacture of the Keir patent Ventilated 
barrel. 
A severe thunder storm visited eastern 
Massachusetts the la-t day of February, 
and houses, barns, churones, etc. were 
struck by lightulug and cattle, horses and 
other stock killed. 
The Farmers’ and Consumers’ Co., with a 
capital stock of $500,000, has recently been 
incorporated at Wheeling, W. Va., for the 
purpose of publishing a newspaper, and 
doing a general printing, lithographing 
and engraving business. 
The Cuero Cotton Seed and Manufactur¬ 
ing Company, at Cuero, Tex., is preparing 
to add a plant to its mill for the extraction 
of oil from the Castor Bean. 
Two merchants of Belfast, Ireland, have 
had proceedings instituted against them 
on the charge of exporting American lard 
to England after having labeled it as 
“ purest refined Belfast lard.” 
The North Carolina Experiment Station 
has announced its willingness to test seeds 
submitted by the farmers and growers of 
that State. Gerald McCarthy Is the botan¬ 
ist in charge of this special work. 
Parties from Michigan are reported to 
be in negotiation with the secretary of the 
Board of Trade at Clarkesville, Tenn., 
looking to the removal to the latter place 
of agricultural implement works. 
An effort will be made in Tennessee to 
secure the passage of the bill in the legis¬ 
lature looking to the adoption of a three- 
wire-fence law. Many of the farmers of the 
State at present complain of the rail fences, 
and a strong effort will be made in behalf 
of this measure. 
During the quarter ending January 1 
last, there were shipped from Newport 
News, Va., 352 cattle to Belgium; from the 
same place, 2,274 to Great Britain; from 
West Point, Va., to Great Britain, 723; 
from Norfolk, Va. to British ports, 1,314, 
and from Newport News toFrench ports,436. 
Mrs. A. Wise, mentioned last week as 
having taken the prize offered by The 
Rural for the heaviest eggs, took, instead* 
the one offered for the heaviest Wyandotte 
hen under one year old. The winning bird 
was a S. Wyandotte, hatched March 31 
last, weighing pounds and scoring 93>^ 
points. 
Arizona has been visited by destructive 
floods caused by heavy rains. The Gila 
River is over 50 miles wide. The town of 
Yuma has been almost entirely destroyed. 
It is feared that hundreds of lives have 
been lost, while it is certain that thousands 
of horses, mules, cattle and other live stock 
are destroyed. 
The first shipment as a result of the reci¬ 
procity treaty with Brazil was made from 
Baltimore, February 25. This is the first 
of a regular line of steamers that will make 
trips monthly or oftener as the business 
may require. A significant fact in this 
connection Is that this shipment was made 
in a British vesseL 
The fertilizer business is reported as 
booming at Savannah, Ga. The season 
opened this year later than last, but things 
are now rushing. The prices are from five 
to ten per cent lower than last year, and 
many farmers are sending in large orders, 
either in consequence of this, or as a result 
of a prosperous year with them. 
The State Farmers’ Alliance of Virginia 
has opened a business agency and at stated 
intervals examines the accounts. Every¬ 
thing is on a strictly cash basis and the 
business varies from $500 to $1,500 per day. 
There are now 40,000 members of the Farm¬ 
ers’ Alliance in Virginia and an increase 
of 25 per cent is expected the pres3nt year. 
The barbed wire manufacturers are ne¬ 
gotiating again, but what the outcome will 
be no one can tell. Washburn & Moen 
seem to have a good thing, or several good 
things for that matter, and do not feel in¬ 
clined to part with them without more 
substantial considerations than t he o her 
manufact urers nave so far seen fit to offer. 
An agent of an E ig t-h c >>uo ny with 
authorized capital ol $t,0(K),000 bis tteeu in 
A 1 chisoo, Kaustt-, lor tne pu p<>-e of ob¬ 
taining figures on defaulted K uisaa mort¬ 
gages. I’Uecoiuptuy proposes to ttuv up all 
men tnortgiges au l forcCo-te tb • si me. 
H tviug sec ired tb t titles, i n : land will be 
offered to ac.u il settlers on ten or twenty 
years’ purenase at a low rate of interest. 
The Kentucky Experiment Station was 
visited by a fire last week, which destroyed 
all the properties of the Department of 
Agriculture and Botany. This included a 
library, collections of seeds, plants, etc., 
and several hundred dollars’ worth of mi¬ 
croscopes and other apparatus. The ex¬ 
periment station lost its chemical labora¬ 
tory and the records of several months’ 
work. The building only was partially in¬ 
sured. 
The State Agricultural Society of 
Georgia, held a business session at Savan¬ 
nah, recently, and a committee was ap¬ 
pointed to memorialize the legislature on 
the subject of immigration. A letter was 
also received from the Governor of the State, 
asking the society to take an interest in se¬ 
curing for Georgia a creditable exhibit at 
the World’s Fair. The finance committee 
showed a balance in the treasury of $10,000. 
The receipts during the year were $16,000. 
There was on exhibition at the American 
Horse Exchange, this city, last week, a 
sorrel horse with a snow-white tail that 
trailed on the ground seven feet and a 
mane that reached the ground and three 
feet over. The stallion was bred in Ore¬ 
gon. In breeding he is three quarter 
Clydesdale, one-eighth French, and one- 
eighth Abdallah-Hood Clay. He is now 
seven years old, and is valued at $100,000. 
He was purchased by his present owner, 
Mr. Eaton, when three years old for $30,- 
000. He Is now being exhibited at a mu¬ 
seum on 14th Street. 
Senator Blair last week reported from 
the Committee on Agriculture, with 
amendments, the bill providing for the 
establishment of a division of silk culture 
in the Agricultural Department, for the 
development and encouragement of the 
silkworm industry in the United States. 
The bill directs the Secretary of Agricul¬ 
ture to establish experiment stations in 
various States to develop cocoons by plant¬ 
ing mulberry trees, and otherwise to pro¬ 
mote the silk industry by the free distribu¬ 
tion of silkworm eggs to the farmers of the 
country. The amendments to the bill 
strike out the bonus to be paid to the pro¬ 
ducers of cocoons, and make the location 
of the stations optional with the Secretary 
of Agriculture. 
Where Are The Best Buggies Made f 
The Pioneer Buggy Co., Columbus, Ohio, 
on receipt of ten cents, will send you their 
treatise on the horse, which also answers 
the above question.— Adv. 
CROP AND MARKET NOTES. 
Canadian exporters are buying cattle at 
Chicago. 
Exports of corn from New York thus far 
this year are less than one-third those of 
last year. 
The receipts of hogs at Chicago for Jan¬ 
uary and February were something over 
2,000,000 head. 
Winter wheat is reported to have passed 
through February in better order than 
usual for that month. 
Export cattle are 50 cents per 100 pounds 
higher than one year ago, and ocean 
freights are $5 per head less. 
Farmers in localities where taxes are paid 
during winter are reported to be selling 
produce more freely to enable them to meet 
this obligation. 
General and copious rains throughout 
the West and Northwest have greatly en¬ 
couraged the hopes of the farmers for the 
coming season’s crop. 
Reports from Washington show that 
large blocks of grain continue to be shipped 
East. There is hardly a State in the win¬ 
ter whe .t belt which is not using more or 
1 ss at the present time of th a Pacific 
co ist whear. 
The greatest preparations r trucking 
ever KijO'Vii are going on in the Counties 
of Es-e\, M ihile-ex K . huioud ami Lan- 
w^er iii tne Siate of Virginia. This sec¬ 
tion bids fair to rival the Norfolk region in 
a few years. The profits of last year from 
trucking along the Rappahannock River 
have caused a much larger acreage to be 
cultivated this year. 
Many of the Florida orange growers are 
well satisfied with their returns this sea¬ 
son. One man with 29 trees, nine years 
old, received $150 net; another with 30 trees 
got $295 for the crop. Both of these in¬ 
stances are reported from Winter Park. 
When it is considered that the trees men 
