i89i 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
257 
In Darkest Africa. 
They did not have a “ Horse Book ” or a 
“ Pioneer Buggy; ” if they had the Rear 
Column would not have been in disgrace. 
Send 10 cents, silver or stamps, and learn 
how to cure the Horse, and where to buy 
the Buggy. Pioneer Buggy Company, 
Columbus, Ohio.— Adv. 
Poultry Yard. 
MORE ABOUT THAT “ EGG TYPE.” 
A great deal has been lately said about a 
peculiar shape or type of hen for egg-pro¬ 
duction, and experience teaches me that 
much said on this subject is true, and ap¬ 
plies to every breed of fowls. I have bred 
a large number of breeds and varieties of 
poultry, and I find that hens with short 
legs, chunky bodies, short necks and small 
heads are. as a rule, indifferent layers. Hens 
the reverse of this description are the good 
layers, and we certainly can improve the 
laying qualities of a flock by a continued 
selection of this type. It is in this way that 
certain strains of nearly all the standard 
bred fowls, noted for their egg-production, 
are produced. I would not, as a rule, pick 
out the bird scoring the highest by the 
standard, for the best layer, simply because 
such birds are too frequently bred for “fancy 
points,” and utility is lost sight of. I be¬ 
lieve that latterly, however, nearly all 
breeders have been selecting types of birds 
for breeders that combine, as far as pos¬ 
sible, utility and standard points. For my 
part, I think we should first look after the 
useful and then the ornamental. I have 
frequently seen very high-scoring, prize¬ 
winning birds good for nothing except the 
show-room, and magnificent specimens in 
all that goes to make up useful, practical 
and profitable fowls, disqualified from 
shining in the shows, owing to a want of 
“ fancy points,” which are often arbitrary 
and unnatural. Do not think that I am 
opposed to standard requirements in our 
birds; on the contrary, I wish it distinctly 
understood that I am an ardent advocate 
of the standard and its strict application. 
It is the wise breeder who uses judgment 
in his mating in order to produce a type of 
birds useful and at the same time “ things 
of beauty,” and this can be done by care 
and selection. Francis A. Mortimer. 
SUNDRY POULTRY NOTES. 
Portly Poultry People.— At a recent 
poultry meeting held in the Massachusetts 
Ploughman Building at Boston, Mr. James 
Rankin told the following: “ A man 
wrote to me the other day who wanted 
to come to me and learn the poultry busi¬ 
ness under me. He has appealed to me 
many, times to teach him the poultry busi¬ 
ness. The man is 50 years old and has a 
good business, getting a good salary and 
yet he wants to change this for the poultry 
business. That man has an enormous cor¬ 
pulency, and when the chickens are down 
at his feet he cannot see them. I am con¬ 
stantly discouraging him, but it seems to 
have only the effect of adding fuel to the 
fire. He is a heavy man. He never can 
grow poultry, he gets around too slowly. 
Men get dissatisfied with their salaries and 
employments. Perhaps their health is poor 
and they decide to go into the poultry 
business and they are not fitted for it, It 
takes a live Yankee to grow poultry on a 
large scale, because everything must be 
cared for.” 
Broilers and Roasters.— Mr. Rankin 
also said: “ We calculate to clear $1 on 
the cockerels we sell in market; and we 
think 50 cents is a moderate allowance for 
growing a pullet until she begins to lay. 
and as such birds always sell for at least $ 1 
in September, after laying ten or twelve 
dozen eggs, $2 or $2.25 is not a large esti¬ 
mate for the profit. Of course my pullets 
are Brahmas. I do not sell them for 
broilers. I never sold a broiler in my life. 
The broiler age is just the time when all 
the danger of mortality has passed. The 
last two or three pounds can be put on 
much cheaper than the first. Whoever 
raises beef or pork knows that this is so. 
The price of a good roaster is higher than 
the price of a good broiler. So we hold 
our chickens until they are 4X months old, 
and our pullets until they are a little over 
a year old.” 
Feeding Leghorns and Brahmas.— Mr. 
Felch : “ The Brahmas should not be fed 
like the Leghorns in order to have them 
lay in winter. We feed with agreat variety 
of food and let them scratch for about all 
of it, except the warm feed in the morning. 
A variety of food is mixed with rowen or 
clover. We save all the clippings of the 
lawn and mix them with meal or vege¬ 
tables and cut bones, twice a week. We 
get better results than if the bones were 
fed every day. The Brahmas cannot be fed 
like the Leghorns with the same results.” 
Mr. Gragg: “It has always been said 
that the Leghorns were not good layers in 
winter weather, but I have never had any 
trouble to get eggs in winter. As to the 
Brahmas, I feed them in about the same 
way, though I don’t give them as much 
grain as I give the Leghorns ; I give them 
leaves to scratch, but I never had any that 
would lay under eight months of age, and 
the fowls of the cross between Leghorns 
and Brahmas will lay when from five to 
six months old. Some laid by the first of 
September. I killed some since the last 
meeting that weighed nine pounds, so 
I make a good profit from poultry as well 
as from layers.” 
WHY NOT MORE DUCKS ? 
After raising ducks and other poultry for 
the last five years, perhaps my experience 
in this line of work may tend to help some 
other farmer’s girl to engage in the poultry 
business as a way to earn the ever-needed 
pin-money. 
Some people say ducks are very big eat¬ 
ers. There is really no objection to this, 
since their growth corresponds with their 
appetites. Early-hatched ducklings are 
marketable when only eight or ten weeks 
old, and the cost of their feed up to this 
age is much less than the cash they will 
bring. Those who have no ponds or 
streams or meadows will get the best re¬ 
turns from the early and late hatches. Frogs, 
fishes and an abundance of grass will en¬ 
able those who have such aids to grow 
ducks with profit during the whole season. 
Then again, some will say ducks are 
filthy creatures. Well, if kept around the 
gutter and the kitchen door they are 
abominable nuisances; but these are not 
the places for them. Let them have a house 
and yard to themselves, and feed them there 
and nowhere else. Keep them away from 
the door-yard and the chicken house. 
Ducks are not hard to raise—at least 
within my experience. They are hard to 
raise on bare ground with no grass or 
green food, or if they are allowed to go into 
spring water or running streams while in 
the downy state, or into ponds infested 
with snapping turtles. With reasonable 
care a larger proportion of ducks can be 
hatched and raised for market than of 
chickens. As in raising the latter, it re¬ 
quires some experience as well as gump¬ 
tion to make duck-keeping profitable, and 
farmers’ girls should give the business 
more attention than they are now doing; 
for they will find it pays to sell the eggs 
at 25 cents per dozen if they do not wish to 
raise more ducks. 
As to the most profitable varieties, the 
Pekins, Aylesburvs and Rouens take the 
lead. There is little difference between 
them in respect to laying quality or size. 
The first two have white feathers, which 
is an advantage, as they are on this ac¬ 
count cleaner-looking when dressed, and 
the feathers bring a higher price. The 
Rouens are considered hardier than the 
whites. The Cayugas are large, beautiful 
black birds, well worthy of cultivation, but 
for market purposes their color is against 
them. s. C. 
Wyoming Co., N. Y. 
A Good Reputation. 
“Brown’s Bronchial Troches” have 
been before the public many years, and are 
everywhere acknowledged to be the best 
remedy for all throat troubles. They 
quickly relieve Coughs, Sore Throat, and 
Bronchial Affections. Price, 25 cents. For 
sale everywhere, and only in boxes.— Adv. 
Raising Turkeys.—As I have always 
been successful at raising turkeys, an ac¬ 
count of my plan of caring for them may 
be useful to others; for they need the best 
of care, as all who have had any success 
with them can testify. In the first place, I 
set all of the eggs under hens, as they are 
more easily managed, and then the turkey 
hens have more time to lay. There is too 
much sulphur in insect powder (at least in 
Dalmatian) for young poultry. I use melt¬ 
ed lard, rubbing a few drops on the head, 
neck and under the wings and throat 
when the little turks are taken from the 
nest; they should be greased often, care 
being taken not to use too much grease. As 
for food, I have read in many an article 
that corn meal would “ kill turkeys;” but 
I know by experience that good meal will 
not; for I raised over 30 one year on nothing 
but meal and sour milk, and not one of 
them died. I think it well, however, to 
vary the food; wheat bread soaked in sweet 
milk, and cheese made from sour milk con¬ 
stitute nourishing food. I give them sweet 
milk to drink when small, and sour when 
larger. They will grow faster if they are 
ted often. I stake boards around their 
coops, thus making yards in which to keep 
them while the grass is wet. If they can be 
given plenty of good care, they will prove 
a profitable investment. “Frances.” 
Henry Co., Ohio. 
SCRATCHINGS. 
Coops.— Never wait till your chicks are 
hatched to look up the coops to set them 
out in. See that they are all in order be¬ 
fore that busy time. Whitewash or paint 
all the Insides of the coops that have been 
already used, to disinfect them. This is a 
necessary precaution. 
Milk for Chickens.— Skim and butter¬ 
milk can be fed to chickens and hens to 
more advantage than to pigs. Doing so 
pays better, and the milk is greatly rel¬ 
ished by the birds. It should be given in 
separate vessels, and the soft feed may be 
made up with it Instead of water. It is 
nourishing and a good egg producer. 
Yards.— After the spring thaws, in the 
poultry yards there is generally an accu¬ 
mulation of rubbish which has collected 
during the winter. The yards should all 
be cleared, raked, and, when required, dug 
and be sown with oats and grass seed. 
Hennery Floors —When the floors of 
the houses are of earth they get hardened 
and filthy during snow and spring rains, 
owing to the trampling of the stock out 
and in with their wet feet. The top crust 
of hardened, dirty earth should be peeled 
off and a good layer of fresh sand be spread 
in its place. 
Pi0CClI»tt*0U|9i 
Readers of The R. N.-Y. will please the 
advertisers and benefit the paper by always 
mentioning it when writing to advertisers. 
It is “ hog-tight ” 
and will keep all four-footed intruders off 
your Lawn. Hartman’s Steel Picket 
Fence does not conceal the shrubbery, 
but beautifies and adorns any home it 
surrounds. 
FARM MILLS. 
FRENC H BURR. 
0VER 20,000 NOW IN USE 
Factory Established 
_sin ce 1851. _ 
28 SIZES AND STYLES 
WARRANTED 
FOR GRINDING 
CORN, SHELLED 
, CORN and OATS, 
BUCKWHEAT and RYE. 
A BOY CAN OPERATE 
and keep in order. A complete Mill and Shel¬ 
ter for less than $100. 
Prices for Fall of 1890 i 
Highest Awards 
at St. Louis, Cincinnati, New Or¬ 
leans and Iudianapolis Fairs 
Expositions. Milling Book 
and sample of Meal sent free. 
FLOUR MILLS BUILT 
BY CONTRACT. 
Hordjke & Marmon Company, ’’KKffto 
THE ADVANCE HAY TEDDER. 
The most perfect article of Its kind made. Ease of 
movement and satisfaction guaranteed. Also manu¬ 
facturers of Mowers, Rakes. Hay Presses. Feed Cut¬ 
ters, Plows, etc. Write for Free Circular. Agents 
wanted In every locality. Address 
Ann Arbor Agricultural Co., Ann Arbor, Mich 
Geo. Tyler & Co., Boston, Mass., Agents for the New 
England States, and R. C. Reeves Co., 185 Sc 187 Water 
Street, New York, Agent for Eastern New York. 
CROWN 
CRASS 
SEEDER. 
SOWS EVENLY AND ACCURATELY 
regardless of wind and weather. 
Light, Strong,^ Durable, 
for desired 
quantities. 
The very BEST 
Machine ever made 
to sow Clover and 
Timothy. Send for circulars of 
this Seeder and the/’Crtwu Gnl* and Fertilizer Drill.’ 
CROWN MFG.CO.,Phelps N.Y. 
Every one 
warranted. 
No Gearing. 
No friction. 
Wire agitator 
not affected 
by weather 
elWILLIHMS 
6rain Threshers, Horse Powers & Engines 
For full particulars address 
ST. JOHNSVlLIiE AGR’L WORKS, 
«lt. Jolmaville, Montgomery Co., New York. 
We sell more Lawn Fencing than all 
other manufacturers combined because it 
is the handsomest and best fence made, 
and cheaper than wood. 
Our “Steel Picket” Gates, Tree and 
Flower Guards, and Flexible Steel Wire 
Door Mats are unequaled. A 40 page 
illustrated catalogue of “Hartman Spe¬ 
cialties ” mailed free. Mention this paper. 
HARTMAN M’F’G CO., 
WORKS: BEAVER FALLS, PA. 
BRANCHES:-508 State Street, Chicago; 1416 West 
Eleventh Street, Kansas City; 102 Chambers Street, 
New York ; 73 S. Forsyth Street, Atlanta. 
LANSING FENCE MACHINE. 
F ARMERS ATTENTION! 
Why Injure your stock with Barb 
F"ence whenjrou^aa^buv a 
_ jrtek 
-movi 
cludifct poiti 
Ai?entA\s»te|. 
LANSING' 
120 Cedar 8treet. 
I will mall free to any suf¬ 
ferer a 32 page pamphlet, 
which tells what Rheuma¬ 
tism really is. the cause of the pain, and how to ob¬ 
tain a cure. Address 
F. W. KIMBALL, 3 Union Square, New York. 
575 SCRAP OP’CABD8,’2c~. dc AJ^HESKNTJOB ALL | 
, E. II. PARDEE, MONTOWESE, CONN. , 
BEATTY’S 
ORGAN'S, PIANOS $35 up. 
Write for Catalogue. Address 
Dan’l F. Beatty, Washington, N. J. 
■ ■ AU W QTII n Y Thorough and practlcaI 
HUMP ® WU ‘ instruction given by 
IIVIII ms Mail In Book-keeping, Business Forms, 
Arithmetic, Penmanship, Shorthand, 
etc. Low rates. Distance no objection. Circulars free 
Bryant & Stratton, 415 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 
«T“ /*% t* 1 / Complete LADIK8 GCIDR 
I U r\ U LU LI T Alice B. Stoekh.m, 31. I>. 
The very best book for A C E N TS . Sample pages free. 
Prepaid«2.75. A. B. 8 toekham A Co., 157 La Salle St., Chicago. 
IDEAL JUNIOR. 
Has fewer parts and joints, 
hence simplest. Is the 
Lightest, Strongest, Cheapest, 
of all Sectional Wheel Wind Mills. 
Is thoroughly well made of best 
materials. Runs without a tail 
and governs perfectly. We stand 
behind the Ideal Junior with a 
strong warranty. Prices and cat¬ 
alogue cheerfully furnished. 
rnUED urn nfl r.OS River Street, 
lUVtn mru. bU>, FREEPORT, ILL. 
DEAF- 
■NESS A HEAD NOISES CURED bf 
Peck’s INVISIBLE TUBULAR EAi 
___CUSHIONS. Whispers heard. Coir 
fortable. Sneeessfal where all Iteinedle. fall. Soldbj F. HISCOX, 
•aly, 863 Br’dway, New York. Write for book of proof. FitKK. 
sample BOOK of Cards, 2c. Globo Co., Wallingford, Ct 
PAP, 7 A fit: I2Eor.lop„. 12 Shoot, P,p«. 12 Sor.p Pietor.02 Tun* Sorol. 
1U0. BAtAAU il. C .rd., 25 dmign. N, 111 . C.,d., I Pr.win, (laid., 1 J.p. 
NoT.lt,. I r. 1 , 0 . Comb. 1 Pencil, 1 ttubbor Eruor, 1 P.n * H.ndmm. Holdor.200 Auto. 
8electione,20Hoags,53 Trick*, Lover’ ■ DfMm*. Flirtation*. Fortune Taller. Deaf. Dumb. 
Telegraph AlphabeU,l5 Actree***. Golden Wheel. Ac* Table. Calendar,^85Conundrum*, 
79 Money Making Secrete, all 10c. FRANKLIN PTG. cO., NEW HAVEN, CONN. 
YOUR NAM Ron 25 lovely Card..! Ring. 
il PATENT FOUNTAIN PEN complete, 1 FORGET ME NOT ALBUM 
400 Album Vexeee. Ae, aUlUc. GLEN CO.. CLINTON VILL& OONN« 
„ JONES SCALES 
THE CHEAPEST 
THE BEST.’ 
CflR FRFF CATALOGUE 
run rncc bjumm 
I0NES of BINGHAMTON, Blnahamton, N.Y. 
