27o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
APRIL 4 
to protect oneself against loss by selling 
them, providing the prospects of a crop 
warrant selling; if not, then one should 
hold his surplus produce over for his own 
use. Another cause of so much destitution 
is wastefulness. In this as well as all 
other sections of the country where 
crops are abundant and prices for 
produce low, the average farmer is not 
as careful and prudent as when prices 
range higher and crops are less remun¬ 
erative. It is not uncommon to see 
from 100 to 500 shoats feeding on some of 
these large ranches, and the corn is fed to 
them in their pastures often falling into 
mud and filth and of necessity some of 
this must be wasted. This season seed 
will necessarily be scarce and many will 
have to be assisted ; but it’s really dis¬ 
couraging to see the farmer going from 
the depot (where he has received his 
allotted quantity) with a hole in his wagon 
box from which a stream of wheat as large 
as a pipe stem is running out, while he has 
to go four or six miles to his home. This 
and even worse are often seen. The rule, 
and not the exception among Western 
ranchmen is lack of economy. Close ob¬ 
servation for six months has confirmed me 
in this opinion. n. A. w. 
Anderson County, Kan.— We are hav¬ 
ing a very cold and wet spring ; feed is be¬ 
coming very scarce, but a few days of 
warm sunshine would bring us plenty of 
grass. A very successful way of getting a 
stand of clover here is to prepare the 
ground in the fall and then sow the seed on 
the snow in February, and along in June 
run the mower over it, cutting the weeds 
that would have a tendency to smother the 
youDg clover. This gives an abundance of 
fall feed. The prospects for wheat are very 
good, the plant is growing well and has a 
good color. A large acreage of flax is being 
sown. Farmers are finding out that all 
corn and hogs are not paying them, and are 
diversifying their crops. Wheat is worth 
90 cents ; corn, 50 cents ; oats, 45 cents ; po¬ 
tatoes, 25 ; and flaxseed cleaned for sow¬ 
ing, $1.50 per bushel. Hands are hired for 
the crop season at $16 to $18 per month. 
s. E. 
Richland County, III.—Wheat looks 
unusually well. Peach and plum trees 
will be in full bloom if it continues warm 
for a few days. No oats sowed yet and no 
prospects for several days, on account of 
the wet weather. B. F. K. 
How Much is the Freight ? 
Send 10 cents for the horse book. It tells 
you all about our celebrated buggies, and 
gives the freight charge to your place. 
Pioneer Buggy Company, Columbus, Ohio. 
—Adv. 
CROP AND MARKET NOTES. 
[If you don’t find what you want to know on these 
pages, ask for it.) 
Late cables report the wheat crop in the 
south of Russia very unpromising. 
Severe storms destroyed about 75 per 
cent of the orange and lemon crops at Sor¬ 
rento, Italy. 
In the Philadelphia market eggs for the 
Easter market reached 26 cents per dozen 
by the crate, the highest price for the sea¬ 
son in 20 years. 
A correspondent of a Western paper from 
Waupaca, Wisconsin, says: The potato 
trade is the all-absorbing business of this 
section, farmers being still engaged in 
marketing last year’s crop. It has been a 
veritable bonanza, and many a poor man 
has suddenly come into comfortable cir¬ 
cumstances through the accident of plant¬ 
ing a large acreage of potatoes last spring 
and the partial or almost total failure of 
the crop elsewhere. One dealer has 8,000 
bushels in his storehouse and has refused 
one dollar per bushel for the entire lot. 
Eleven hundred car-loads have been ship¬ 
ped from Waupaca the past fall and win¬ 
ter, and it is estimated that 200 car-loads 
yet remain in the hands of farmers. 
The Wool Situation.—As shearing 
time is fast approaching, we believe it will 
be of value as well as interest to many of 
your subscribers to know of the present 
condition of the wool market, and also the 
future outlook as seen by merchants ac¬ 
tively engaged in the business from “one 
year’s end to the other.” Without regard 
to political opinion, we see that the effect 
of the new tariff has been to give a more 
healthy tone to trade, and in spite of the 
result of the election last November, new 
and old mills have started up, thus creat¬ 
ing a large and steady outlet for raw wool. 
Active competition has kept prices on a 
good level, and owing to the increased de¬ 
mand for worsteds, combing wools have 
been especially sought after. Cheviots 
have been the most popular of the many 
fabrics now manufactured for men’s wear, 
and bid fair to hold the same place in the 
fancy of the public for another season at 
least. This will benefit those growing or 
holding medium wool, and of course put a 
premium on the Hampshire Down, Oxford 
Down, Shropshire Down and low grade 
South Down fleeces. The small additional 
duty on fine foreign wools will prevent 
Merino blood going below the present good 
prices, while the increased demand from 
manufacturers of fine goods will have a 
tendency to put up prices rather than lower 
them. The unusually small stocks in all of 
the wool centers of the country on January 
1st, and the constant buying since, have 
reduced stocks and is a safe guarantee that 
the spring clip of 1891 will find a ready 
market at the present good prices. 
New York. wm. macnaughton’s sons. 
Lambs and Broilers.— At what age and 
weight are spring lambs shipped that bring 
such fancy prices in the New York mar¬ 
kets ? Are broilers shipped alive or 
dressed ? w. v. B. 
Corunna, Ind. 
From 25 up to 40 or 50 pounds dressed. 
The R. N.-Y. about a year ago gave an ex¬ 
haustive article on the subject of the early 
lamb markets. These early lambs are 
what are known to the trade as “ hot-house 
lambs; ” they are usually grown during 
the winter and put on the market early in 
spring, though they are received earlier 
each succeeding year. Last season the first 
ones arrived in time for the Christmas mar¬ 
ket, weighed about 25 pounds each and sold 
for $10 each. They formerly brought 
higher prices, $12 to $15 and some¬ 
times $20 for extra fine ones, those 
weighing 30 to 40 pounds, but as 
the demand for such is limited to those 
to whom money is little object, only a 
limited number can be sold. Many who 
formerly made a business of growing them 
find it unprofitable at the prices ruling of 
late years and have quit the business. The 
first one3 usually come from New Jersey 
and the South and later from the Northern 
States and Canada. The best lambs come 
from New York and the poorest from the 
West. The South Down and its crosses 
are considered best for this purpose. The 
fine wool breeds are the poorest. They are 
sent during the winter dressed the same as 
hog-dressed veals, but after warm weather 
arrives many come alive. 
Broilers are usually shipped dressed, 
although some are sent alive after hot 
weather arrives. 
Bkecham’s Pills euro Costiveness and Indigestion. 
LATEST WHOLESALE PRICES 
COUNTRY PRODUCE. 
New York, Monday, March 30, 1891 
Beaks show little change, and the market is dull. 
Marrows—New, 01 60382 45; New Mediums choice 
$2 25; Pea, $2 25 ; Red Kidney, $2 55@$2 65. White 
Kidney, choice, $2 5 )@$2 60 ; Foreign Mediums, 81 90® 
82 10; do Marrow, 82 503S2 55; Green Peas, 81 05®81 10. 
California Lima, $2 75®$2 85. 
Butter has changed but little in price, though the 
supply of the best brands is more liberal, especially 
of line creamery : the market on such is rather weak. 
Other grades are fairly steady, and the receipts do 
not seem to Increase very rapi ly. Present prices are 
not likely to be maintained much longer, however. 
Creamery.—E lgin, best, 81%@82c; State and Penn¬ 
sylvania, 24331c; Western, best, 81®-c; do prime, 
29@S9c; do good, 27®23c; do poor, 25®26c; West¬ 
ern Imitation Creamery, prime, 28®29c; do line, 
24 326c; do poor, 19®21c. Dairy.—S tate, best, 80®31c; 
do prime, 28®29c; do good, 24@27c; do poor, 18320c; 
Western, prime, 24@26c ; do fair, 20@22c; do poor, 16 
®18c; do factory, best, 28®-c; do prime, 25®27o; do 
good, 21®23c. 
Cheese has advanced another notch, fancy hav¬ 
ing gone to I2%c., and firm at that. Sales are neces¬ 
sarily light for stocks are low. There will be a good 
sale for new cheese when they arrive, because of the 
old stocks being so thoroughly cleaned out. 
Fancy, 12312%c; fine ll%3ll%e; good, 10%@11; 
fair, 10«10%c; light skims, 9%310c ; skims, 1%@—e.; 
Ohio Flat, 8%011%c. 
Egos began to decline before the middle of last 
week on account of the unusually heavy receipts 
They are now about 4c. below the price one week ago, 
and are likely to go considerably lower on account of 
larger receipts and decreased demands. 
Near by, fresh. 21@-c; Canadian,— ®—c; South¬ 
ern, 20321c; Western, best. 20@2 c; Duck, 28@80c. 
Fruits.— Apples are in lair receipt, good demand 
and firm. There is little rrospectof materially higher 
prices because any great advance would be prohibit¬ 
ory except to a limited trade. The few Catawba 
Grapes arriving are in limited demand at 18 to 26c. 
per 5 pound basket. The few cranberries yet offer¬ 
ing move out slowly. Oranges are in moderate sup¬ 
ply, and the best grades are firm. Strawberries are 
becom.ng more plentiful, but the price is well sus¬ 
tained for good fruit. There is Uttie change in dried 
fruits, except that evaporated apples are more firm, 
with an upward tendency, and California fruits are 
dull. 
Apples—N. Spy, 84@85 00; Baldwin, 84 50385 00 ; 
Green. $4 00^ 87 00: Ben Davis. 85 00386 00; common 
to good, 81 00 8 84 00; Russet. 84 C0@$5 00: Lemons, per 
box, 81 75383 25 Grape Fruit, per bbl, 84385. Florida 
Oranges, choice Indian rivers, $4 *85: brights, $3 4 
$3 50, russets, $2 75; tangerines, $3 50@$6: mandarins, 
$2 503*5; strawberries, 13 340c 
Domestic. — Apples — Evaporated, good to fancy, 
13%@l6c; poor, il@12%c; coarse cut, K)310%c; sliced, 
10313c; do old, 8%@8%c; Chopped, 3%34c; Coresand 
skins, 333%c. Cherries, new, 25@2Sc: do, old. 8®10c. 
Raspberries, 24327c; Blackberries, 8®9c: Huckie 
berries, new, 18®19c; Plums, new, 10@12c: Peaches, 
California peeled,25330c; do un peeled. 12%318c. South¬ 
ern unpeeled, 6%@7c Apricots, California, 14 318c; 
Plums, Cal., 13 315c. 
Game shows little change. Ducks are dull, and 
snipe In good demand. 
Wild Ducks Western, Canvas, per pair, 75c 3$2 < 0 ; 
do, do, Redhead, per pair, 50c3$l 25; do. do, Mallard, 
per pair, 45 370c; do, do, Teal Blue wing, per pair, 25® 
40c; do, do, common, per pair, 20325c. Snipe, per 
doz.. $1 50 3$2 25 ; Plover, do., $1®$2 00. 
Hay is In more liberal receipt, but prices are un¬ 
changed except for the choicest grades, which show 
an upward tendency. 
Choice, 75380c, l'lmothy, No. 1, 60370c; do No. 
2 50@55c: shipping, 40®45c; Clover Mixed, 45 350c. 
Straw—No. 1 rye. 85®9i)c.; short rye, 50®60c; oat and 
wheat, 40®50c. 
Honey.— New Comb quoted nominally at 16318c for 
white clover and 11314c. for buckwheat. California 
extracted, 7@7%c. 
Hops are unchanged In price, but trading Is quiet 
and the market moderately firm. 
State, ’90 crop, 29330c; do, prime and choice, ’89, 21 
®23c; do good, 19320e; Pacific Coast, 1890 crop, 25 
@30c. 
Nuts.— Peanuts are steady. Fancy, hand-picked, 
quoted at 4®—c, and farmers’ grades at 2%®3%c; 
Pecans, 9®r.c ; Hickory Nuts, $1 50@$1 75 per bushel. 
Poultry.-*- Fowls and chickens, both live and dress¬ 
ed have declined slightly. Turkeys are firm with a 
good demand. Capons unchanged. Broilers are 
higher. The frozen stock is being thrown on the 
market now. Chickens can be bought at retail for 0 
cents per pound, out many prefer the fresh killed at 
a higher price. 
Poultry—Live.—C hickens—Spring, per lb, 10%@31c. 
Fowls near-by, per lb, 11®-e, do Western, per lb, 
10%@llc; roosters, per lb, 637c; Turkeys, per lb, 12%@ 
14c; Ducks, Western, per pair, ,70395c Geese, West¬ 
ern, per pair, $1 87®$1 50 
Poultry.—Dressed— Turkeys, mixed, per lb. 11® 
17c; Fowls, western, choice, 10311c; do common to 
good, ?®10c; Ducks, spring, good, 10® 19; Squao; 
white, per dozen, $4 00@$— ; do dark, do, $1 75®$2 50; 
Chickens, spring, Philadelphia 12®15c.: Western, 12 
©15c ; Fowls, near-by. 11312c; Broilers, 22345c. 
Vegetables.— Potatoes are firm and higher for all 
grades. Those suitable for seed are most wanted. 
Onions are also higher under extremely light receipts. 
Southern vegetables are all selling well except cab¬ 
bages of which there is an oversupply and prices are 
low. The quality of most of the Southern tru k Is 
good. Shippers are learning to grade and pack bet¬ 
ter, and the improved shipping facilities are a great 
advantage. Cucumbers are too scarce to quote prices. 
Potatoes Bermuda, per bbl. $7 0o3$I0 00; Jersey, 
per do., $2 503 83 87; State, do., $8@$3 37 ; Malue, 
do., $3 503 $3 75; do Floridas, $4 504487 50; Scotch 
Magnums, per 168 lb. sack, $3 25@$3 40; Sweets, 
do., $1 50®$3 OX Onions—Western New York. $4 01) 
@$4 50, Connecticut Red, $4 00385 00 do White, 
$5 003$8 00; do yellow. 84 00385 00. Western, $3 50 
t3$4 50; Jersey, $4 00@$4 59 ; Cabbage, Florida, per 
crate, 75c®$l 50; Squash, per bbl., $2 50@$8; Turnips, 
per bbl. 75385c, Egg Plant, Southern, per bbl., $63$10; 
Cauliflower, per bbl.,—®—. Celery, perdoz., $1@$2 00; 
String Beans, per crate, $2 00®$2 50; Cucumbers, Fla., 
per crate,-®-. Tomatoes, per crate, $3@$S 50. 
Kale, Norfolk, per bol, 603 75c; Spinach, Norfolk, per 
bbl, $! 25<t$2. Peas, per crate, $3 *.$5 00. Beets, Fla., 
per crate, 75c ^$1; Asparagus, per doz. bunches, 
$3 00387 00; Lettuce. N. O. per bol., $3 00384 00; 
Chicory, N. O., per bbl,, $3 00®$5 00. 
GRAIN MARKETS. 
WHEAT.—Domestic crop advices were favorable as 
a general rule, though some dispatches told of cold 
rain and backward spring season in some sections of 
the winter wheat belt. The spjt market responded 
with a decline of atiout %c and trading continued 
dull. Shippers were very indifferent. Sales-Un¬ 
graded Spring and Winter Red, $1033438114%; No. 
2 Red, quoted 81 15% elevator, $1 17 afloat. No. 8 Red, 
81 03% elevator; No. 1 Hard spring, Nominal, $1 24% ; 
No. 1 Northern, $1 2i% both afloat; No. 2 May, $1 10 9-16 
®$l 11%; do June. $1 08%3$1 09 15-16; do July, $1 06% 
@$107>t>; do August, $1 02%®$ 1 08%; do September, 
81 01%3$1 02%; do December, $103%38104. RYE.— 
Remains nominal In absence of demand. State in 
boatloads quoted at $1 asked, BARLEY.—Had a light 
inquiry. No. 2 Milwaukee, quoted, 83c; Ungraded 
Western. £0 483c; No. 2 Canada, 86@S7c; extra No. 2 
do, 87@88c: No. 1 Canada 90®92c. CORN.—Cables were 
strong and higher while the receipts at mostly all 
points were comparatively small, but they had but 
little effect. The spot market ruled unsettled, open¬ 
ing weaker, but closing with rather more steadiness. 
Sales—Ungraded Mixed and White, 7?%@79%c; No 3 
mixed, 78c elevator; steamer mixed, 77%«78%c ele¬ 
vator; 79%c afloat; No. 2 White, 78c elevator, low 
mixed, 78@78%c elevator; yellow, 78%c elevator; 79%c 
afloat; No. 2 May, 72%372%c; do June, 70@72%c; do 
July. 69%372%e, OATS—Spot lots lost about lc per 
bushel, but trading was more active at the break. 
Sales—No. 3 mixed. 59c elevator; No. 3 white, 59s ele¬ 
vator; No. 2 mixed, 59 359%c elevator; 60§60%c afloat; 
No. 2 white, 60@61c elevator; No. 1 White, 62c elevator; 
No. 2 Chicago, 60®60%c; Ungraded Mixed Western, 56 
@60c; White do, 59* 64c; No. 2 May. 5S%359%c; do 
July, 57%®58%c; do August, 58c; No. 2 White, May, 
59%®60c. 
LIVE STOCK MARKETS. 
BEEVES.—Feeling steady. City dressed beef in fair 
request at 7®9c for Inferior to choice sides, with 
general sales at 7%@8%c. Cow beef easier at 437c. 
Cable advices from London and Liverpool show no 
change in markets there. Refrigerated beef is dull 
at 4d, and American steers slow at 5%35%d (tops 6d), 
estimated dead weight. 
MILCH COWS.—Feeling steady for good s ock. 
Reported sales for the week have been at 82 (3845 per 
head, with an odd cow or two retailed at $50. 
CALVES.—Market active and firm, with most of the 
stock ranging from E@7c for common to fair veals 
Prime Bucks County sold in Washington Market at 
7%37%c and one calf at £c. Most of the country 
dressed calves In market are light thin veals but 
good fat Sta’e, Pennsylvania and Bucks County car¬ 
casses brought an advance of %c per pound Little- 
calves are lower, selling at 2 34c ; common to prime 
ranged from 4%* lUc, and city dressed sold at6@llc, 
afswextra selections retailing at U%@l2c. Veal is 
the most popular meat this week. 
SHEEP AND LAMBS.—Demand slack and prices 
hardly as strong. Good to prime sheep (all shorn) 
sold at $5 75@$6 40 per 100 pounds; good to prime 
lambs at $6 75a$7 30. Spring lambs sold at $5 7 per 
head, a little bunch of choice bringing $7 50. Feeling 
firm for strictly prime lambs. Dressed mutton was 
slow at 8®9c, with 9%c an extreme quotation. Dressed 
lambs sold mainly at 9%@l0c (choice selected. 10%c)r 
dressed spring lambs were wanted at 833$8 per car¬ 
cass but country dressed rarelj- exceed f 7. 
HOGS.—City dressed have not advanced to keeps 
pace with the Western live markets, and It is doubt¬ 
ful If a car-load of prime Ohio or Iowa hogs would 
bring much over $4 75, although “ Yorkers ” sold In 
Buffalo up to $4 85. Country dressed firm at 5@7c for 
heavy to light. 
Should Read The R. N.-Y.— Why is It 
that farmers have no representative paperf 
Party papers represent their own parties. 
Religious papers represent the Church; and 
agricultural papers represent the farming 
business. But the farmer’s political inter¬ 
ests are not represented, protected, or de¬ 
fended at all.—Correspondent of the Hus¬ 
bandman. 
Unparalleled Prosperity.— Senator 
Hoar will doubtless hear with delight that 
there are something like 9,000,000 of mort¬ 
gages on record in this country, according 
to the new census. It was Senator Hoar 
who laid down the principle that a mort¬ 
gage was a sign of prosperity. It will thus 
be seen that the country could hardly be In 
a more prosperous condition than it is now. 
—Boston Herald, (Ind). 
Advertisers treat all correspondents 
well If they mention The Rural New- 
Yorker. 
CONCERNING 
Propagation of 
Plants. 
A COMPLETE HAND-BOOK OF PROP¬ 
AGATION AND POLLINATION. 
T HE NURSERY ROOK has been 
prepared with the utmost pains. 
It embodies the experiences of many ex¬ 
perts. The author, Prof. L. H. Bailey, 
editor of The American Garden, has been 
engaged in its preparation for many 
months, and has visited many nurseries 
and specialists, gathering material upon 
technical points outside of his practice. 
The whole volume has been read and criti¬ 
cised by Prof. B. M. Watson, of the Bussey 
Institution, one of the best propagators in 
this country. All available authorities 
have been consulted, and particular parts 
have been submitted to experts. The fruit 
matter has had the criticism of leading 
nurserymen, and the head propagator of 
probably the most important nursery in 
America has been freely consulted. The 
Orchid matter has been prepared by W. J. 
Bean, of the Kew Royal Gardens. The in¬ 
structions in the nursery list, which gives 
the definite methods for each plant, have 
been read by at least four persons. The 
book is absolutely devoid of theory and 
speculation. It has nothing to do with 
plant physiology, nor with any abstruse 
reasons of plant growth. It simply tells 
plainly and briefly what every one who 
sows a seed, makes a cutting, sets a graft, 
or crosses a flower wants to know. It Is 
entirely new and original in method and 
matter. The nearly lOO illustrations 
are made especially for it, direct from 
nature. The book treats of all kinds of 
cultivated plants, fruits, vegetables, green¬ 
house plants, hardy herbs, ornamental 
trees and shrubs, forest trees. 
CONTENTS. 
Chapter 1.—Seedage. Chapter III.— Layesage 
Chapter II.— Separation. Chapter IV.— Cuttage. 
Chapter V.-Graftage. Including Grafting Bud¬ 
ding, Inarchirg, etc. 
Chapter VI.— Nursery List. This is the great feature 
of the book. It Is an alphabetical list of over ‘2,000 
varieties, with a short statement telling which of 
the operations described In the first five chapters are 
employed propagating them. 
Chaater VII.— Pollination. 
Price, library style, cloth, wide margins, 
$1; Pocket style, paper, narrow margins, 
50 cents. 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO., 
Times Building, New York. 
