Profitable Farming de¬ 
pends as much on sell¬ 
ing as on producing. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER’S 
A crop which is well 
grown is only half 
way to market. 
MARKET, CROP AND NEWS SPECIAL. 
TRADE WINDS. 
Financial. — Money was plentiful 
throughout the week, although the with¬ 
drawal of a large quantity of gold for 
export created a firmer tone toward the 
close. There was a good inquiry for time 
loans, but the offerings of money were 
liberal, and there was no material change 
in rates. 
The Business Outlook.— A moderate 
increase in the volume of general business 
at Philadelphia, Baltimore, St. Louis, 
Kansas City and Omaha is reported by 
Bradstreet’s, as compared with trade in 
the two preceding weeks. The greatest 
activity with almost an approach to buoy¬ 
ancy generally is at San Francisco, where 
the excellent crop outlook, higher and 
advancing price of wheat and steady de¬ 
mand for all products, notably barley for 
export to South America, stimulate busi¬ 
ness generally. The significant report is 
made from Memphis that the tributary 
country is bare of corn and hay with the 
demand brisk for both. Overflows have 
ceased to affect trade in the lower 
Mississipi Valley, but business there has 
not equaled expectations and activity is 
shown only in the movement of sugar. 
New York and Boston, Pittsburgh, Cin¬ 
cinnati and Cleveland did not increase 
their general trade aside from speculative 
lines. Bad weather still lingers In the 
Central West, and heavy country roads con¬ 
tinue a check on the inte rior movement. 
Large stocks of unsold iron ore and the 
dull state of the iron and coal industries 
cause lake freight carriers to delay opening 
navigation until May 15. 
Wool at Home. —The demand for wool 
has fallen off during the week in all domes¬ 
tic markets. Values are weakening, and 
the decline in some grades is heavy. 
Holders of Ohio X and XX are offering 
their stocks at 32c. and under. Australian 
wools are quiet and values are holding firm 
on the strength of cables reporting an 
advance at the London sales. There has 
been little doing in either Texas or Cali¬ 
fornia wools. The demand for pulled wools 
is confined entirely to the fine and medium 
grades. Quarter and three eighths blood 
wools are quiet, and the sales which have 
been made were for small lots. Carpet 
wools are in light demand, but values are 
unchanged and quite firm. 
Wheat in Europe.— The London Stand¬ 
ard says that the steady rise in wheat 
revives the hope of the English farmer, 
adding that wheat will probably reach the 
highest price in many years, the principal 
cause of the rise being the failure of foreign 
crops. The wheat crops of France and Rus¬ 
sia, according to the Standard, are much 
below the average. The deficiency will 
be at least 20,000,000 quarters, as cold winds 
and frost have almost destroyed the French 
crops. Germany, Holland and Belgium all 
furnish pessimist reports. In Roumania 
there is a decreased wheat area, and in 
India there has been a bad wheat season. 
The only exception is Hungary, where there 
are better prospects; but it is almost cer¬ 
tain that the world’s wheat consumption 
will exceed the production computed. 
Whatever the magnitude of America’s 
crop may be, it will not be sufficient to 
cover the European deficit, thus compelling 
an extensive draft upon the reserves for 
the third year in succession. The increased 
home consumption, the decreased wheat 
area owing to the spread of population, 
and recourse to scientific tillage in order to 
repair the waste of first settlers, thus 
increasing the cost of production, must 
inevitably remove the American farmer’s 
formidable competition In European mar¬ 
kets, and allow the English farmer to look 
forward to a prosperous future. 
The Government Crop Report for 
April deals principally with the condition 
of winter wheat, rye and farm animals. 
The condition of winter wheat Is given as 
96.9 and of rye95.4. 
The Hessian fly which was feared in De¬ 
cember in the Central West is yet in abey¬ 
ance, but the presence of the pest is noted 
in many localities, and serious injury might 
follow should the early season prove favor¬ 
able to its development. 
The general average for condition is the 
highest reported for April since 1882, and 
the individual State averages are remark¬ 
able for their uniformity. It is 16 points 
higher than last year, and three above the 
returns for 1889. A high April condition 
does not insure a large yield, but it indi¬ 
cates a strength and vitality which would 
enable the plant to withstand more than 
the ordinary vicissitudes of the season. 
The nearest approach to present condition 
during recent years was in 1884, when the 
largest crop ever grown was harvested, 
but a similar high condition in 1886 was 
followed by a crop of little more than aver¬ 
age proportions. The averages of condi¬ 
tion in the principal States are: New York, 
92; Pennsylvania 97; Tennessee 98; Ken¬ 
tucky, 97; Ohio, 98; Michigan, 93; Indiana, 
99 ; Illinois, 97 ; Missouri, 96 ; Kansas, 99 ; 
California, 99 and Oregon, 97. 
The returns make the percentages of 
losses among farm animals during the past 
year, of horses, 1.7, cattle, 3, sheep, 4 and 
swine 8.4. The percentage of loss of cattle 
is slightly higher than was reported In 
1888 and 1889, the scarcity of feed swelling 
the figures in portions of Kansas and Ne¬ 
braska. The losses of sheep have been 
smaller than usual on acconnt of better 
care and attention, while less disease than 
usual is reported among swine, though 
there is heavy loss in the region of last 
year’s crop failures. 
The Convenience of Solid Trains. 
The Erie is the only railway running 
solid trains over its own tracks between 
New York and Chicago. No change of 
cars for any class of passengers. Rates 
lower than via any other first-class line.— 
Adv. 
AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 
The hop crop of Washington for 1890 
netted $2,500,000 to that State. 
Tobacco stems are growing In favor as a 
fertilizer with Connecticut farmers. 
There are 2,199 sub-Alliances and 96 
county Alliances in North Carolina. 
A plantation of 1,300 acres near New 
Iberia, La., has just been sold for $18,000. 
The weather bureau will be transferred 
to the Department of Agriculture, July 1. 
Some experienced tobacco growers advise 
against any increase in acreage the present 
year. 
Shipments of American cattle to Ham¬ 
burg and Bremen are increasing enor¬ 
mously. 
The Alliance of Dallas County, Ala., pur¬ 
poses to establish a county Alliance ware¬ 
house at Selma. 
The Canadian customs authorities seized 
100 barrels of pork shipped from Detroit on 
account of false entry. 
The date for the spring floral fair of the 
Agricultural Society of Charleston, S. C., 
has been fixed for April 23. 
A company will soon be organized at 
Terre Bonne, La., for the purpose of estab¬ 
lishing the Central Sugar Factory. 
The Connecticut Board of Agriculture 
and Dairymen’s Association united in a 
farmers’ institute at Putnam, Friday. 
An irrigating plant is to be constructed in 
the vineyard of the Marcenfleld Garden 
and Irrigating Company, at Dallas, Tex. 
Professor Cooke of Vermont has been ex¬ 
perimenting in making maple sugar that 
will pass the Government test for a bounty. 
An order has been signed in the United 
States Court for the sale of the Pacific 
Guano property in the suburbs of Charles¬ 
ton, S. C. 
Farmers in the vicinity of Radford, Va., 
are raising more sheep now than for years, 
and their flocks are plentifully supplied 
with lambs. 
Several parties have bought 1,200 acres 
of land near Southern Pines, N. C., and 
intend to plant 50,000 peach and 5,000 pear 
trees at once. 
The basket factory of John Ramsdale, of 
Laona, N. Y., is to be removed to Denton, 
La., where a stock company will be organ¬ 
ized to operate It. 
The Fort Payne Basket Factory, at Fort 
Payne, Ala., is said to be the only basket 
factory in the U. S. that makes a basket 
entirely of hickory wood. 
The exports of clover teed from New 
York from September 1 to March 21 were 
64,804 bags, against 78,447 bags for the cor¬ 
responding time in 18S9 90. 
Arrangements have been made by the 
Southern truckers to ship much of the 
produce which formerly went from Charles¬ 
ton, by way of Savannah, Ga. 
The colored Farmers’ Alliance in the 
South seems to be growing, relatively, 
about as rapidly as the white Alliance. It 
has organizations in 45 counties. 
A woman’s agricultural school is one of 
the new English projects. Practical in¬ 
struction in poultry raising and dairy 
farming on the Devonshire principle will 
be the principal branches taught. 
The report that Germany had removed 
the restrictions against American pork is 
premature. It is probable that live hogs 
will be admitted first, following the prece¬ 
dent of admitting live cattle before dressed 
beef. 
The Farmers’ Alliance recently held a 
meeting at Danville, Va., to consider the 
organization of a $2,000,000 stock company 
to erect a cigarette factory. A committee 
was appointed to solicit stock for the 
same. 
A company has been formed to test 
growing Niagara Grapes in Florida. About 
£00 acres of land have been purchased near 
Jacksonville, and the vines will be fur¬ 
nished from the original vineyards in 
western New York. 
A flower market was opened in Union 
Square, this city, Saturday morning, but on 
account of a drenching rain it was not a 
success. It is hoped to make it a success 
with favorable weather. Business must 
be done before 7 A. M. 
An old tobacco grower says that the 
business is a risky one. One year he was 
offered 40 cents per pound in the fall, but 
held and sold for 20 in the spring. Another 
time he refused eight cents in the fall and 
sold for 18X In the spring. 
The farmers of Georgia are greatly dis¬ 
turbed over the cotton tax question. All 
the cotton on hand after the first of April 
will come under the tax, the reason being 
that there is much more cotton on hand in 
Georgia than in former times. 
Assistant Secretary Spaulding has de¬ 
cided that machinery imported for the pur¬ 
pose of cultivating ground for sugar beets 
is not exempt from duty, such privilege 
being restricted to machinery used in a 
factory for the production of sugar from 
beets. 
For the last few years tobacco is said to 
have been one of the most remunerative 
products raised in the counties of East 
Tennessee. The yield has averaged 600 
pounds to the acre, and the average price 
for years has not been below 20 cents per 
pound. 
The Sugar Refinery & Boiling Company 
has been incorporated at Richmond, Va.. 
for the purpose of refining sugar, etc. The 
capital stock Is to range between the figures 
$40,000 and $100,000. If it amounts to any¬ 
thing, it will doubtless sell out to the 
Sugar Trust. 
The customs authorities at Philadelphia 
classified an importation of goats’ hair as 
Angora wool, and assessed the duty accord¬ 
ingly. The United States Circuit Court 
has just decided against the authorities, 
and 10 cents a pound and interest must be 
refunded to the importers. 
Messrs. Kelley Bros., formerly of Louisi¬ 
ana, have settled at Kissimee, Fla., with 
the intention of building a large rice mill 
as soon a3 they can get the farmers to cul¬ 
tivate enough rice to give employment to 
the mill. In the meantime they will put 
2,000 acres in rice on their own account. 
The members of the Alliance throughout 
the tobacco belt of North Carolina will 
hold a convention in Henderson, N. C., on 
the 28th day of April. The object of this 
meeting will be the organization of an asso¬ 
ciation for the protection of tobacco grow¬ 
ers and the discussion of other important 
matters connected with their interests. 
The report of Secretary Stromberg, of 
Minnesota Farmers’ Alliance, shows that 
the organization is undergoing the same 
phenomenal growth as last year. More 
than 11,000 members have been enrolled 
since the election in November and six or 
seven sub-Alliances are being organized 
weekly. The present number of lodges is 
1,315, with a total membership of 52,600. 
Tuberculosis has been discovered in a 
herd of 64 cows at Carmel, Putnam County, 
N. Y., every animal being more or less 
affected. Prompt action has been taken 
by the health boards of this city and of the 
State to avert the danger. The milk from 
this herd has been supplied to a condensed 
milk factory. It is feared that other herds 
in the same locality may be affected. 
The Virginia Fruit and Vegetable 
Packers’ Association met a few days ago 
at Salem, and was attended by representa¬ 
tives from New Jersey, Baltimore and 
various points in Virginia. Interest¬ 
ing addresses were made upon the peach- 
and tomato culture. A committee was 
appointed to arrange for an exhibit of Vir¬ 
ginia canned goods at the World’s Fair. 
The annual meeting of the Wyoming 
stockmen was held at Cheyenne, last week, 
and was well attended, prominent cattle 
raisers being present from Wyoming, Colo¬ 
rado, Montana and Nebraska. An address 
was made by Stock Agent Leary, of the 
Union Pacific Railroad, who said that 
125,000 head of cattle would come north 
this year. Instead of inspecting them at 
the unloading point, as heretofore, they 
will be Inspected where shipped, and will 
not be accepted without a clean bill of 
health. 
Among the subjects discussed at a late 
meeting of the Farmers’ Alliance of Waco, 
Tex., was the establishment of a depart¬ 
ment of agricultural meteorology at Wash¬ 
ington, D. C., in connection with the 
weather bureau for the purpose of giving 
to producers the earliest information of 
the weather on the crop products of the 
world; to make a special study of the ef¬ 
fects of the weather on plant life, and to 
discover, if possible, the causes of droughts, 
excessive rainfalls, dangerous storms and 
other sudden changes in the weather in 
order that long range forecasts may be 
made. 
It is reported from Kansas City that the 
American Live Stock Commission Com¬ 
pany, against which the live stock 
exchanges of the country have been waging 
war for some time past, has at last deter¬ 
mined on a fight to a finish with its adver¬ 
saries. It will begin its fight In that city 
with a suit for $250,000 damages against the 
Kansas City Live Stock Exchange. It 
claims that it has been illegally expelled 
from membership in the exchange, which 
it claims has circulated untrue and dam¬ 
aging statements regarding it. It is believed 
a similar suit will be begun against the 
Chicago Exchange. 
Ex Senator Ingalls, the great anti-Alli- 
ance champion, may be an Alliance man 
yet. He owns 30 acres of land near his 
residence at Atchison, Kansas, and has 
begun raising potatoes upon it. He doesn’t 
plant potatoes, however, as he used to 
make speeches, but by proxy, he simply 
supervising the work. He is reported to be 
greatly infatuated with it, perhaps more so 
than he would fce were he obliged to 
bend his back and do the work himself. He 
refuses to talk politics and says his plans 
for the future are simply to make money 
by farming. If he succeeds, he will do the 
Kansas farmers a greater service than he 
ever did in Congress. 
At a recent meeting of the Farmers’ Alli¬ 
ance of Alachua County, Fla., the follow¬ 
ing demands were made on the legislature: 
The repeal of the $1 per capita road tax, the 
passage of an anti-trust law, the taxing of 
mortgages at their face value and relieving 
the owner of the mortgaged property from 
tax assessment; that no law be passed to 
induce immigration for the purpose of buy¬ 
ing lands of rich corporations; the working 
of convicts on public roads; the amendment 
of the railroad commission law to give re_ 
