5i6 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
JULY ii 
THE 
Rural New-Yorker, 
TIMES BUILDING. NEW YORK. 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Home*. 
ELBERT 8. CARMAN, 
HERBERT W. COLLINQWOOD, 
EDITOR8. 
Rural Publishing Company: 
LAWSON VALENTINE, Pie.ident. RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
THE AMERICAN GARDEN, 
EDGAR H. LIBBY, Manager. OUT-DOOR BOOKS. 
Copyright, 1891, by the Rural Publishing Company. 
SATURDAY, JULY 11, 1891. 
“ What is the right place for the wrong man ? ” 
Eh ? Where else except where the square man fits 
snugly in the round hole ? 
A grape vine leaf held in water at 134 degrees 
for 30 seconds and reported last week as “ slightly 
injured,” has since withered. 
“Can you make money out of a hired man’s 
labor?” If not, you are an “ exception.” Hasn’t 
ninety-nine hundredths of all the money in the world 
been made out of it ? 
The cable tells us the Prince of Wales is about 
to sell his Short horns and South Downs. It isn’t 
the first time, by as many cows’ tails as would en¬ 
circle the globe, that the Demon of Chance has 
swallowed the stock and produce of the farm and 
even the farm itself. 
One of the prominent clergymen of New York, a 
member of a wealthy family, who has, of choice, 
spent years ministering to the poor and vicious in 
one of the most squalid parts of the city, worn out 
by his unremitting labors, found, last summer, 
recreation and a renewal of strength by hiring out 
to a hard-working farmer for six weeks in the busy 
season. Change of labor, together with plenty of 
fresh air, wholesome food and undisturbed sleep 
soon put him in splendid condition. How the fash¬ 
ionable pulpiteers who find two or three months’ 
annual vacation in Europe or among the mountains, 
with fat donations for expenses, absolutely indis¬ 
pensable for their health, must look down on such 
an old-fogy disciple of the Apostles ! 
The N. Y. C. & H. It. R. R. Company has been 
trying to grab the whole eastern water front of the 
Hudson River from Albany to Spuyten Duyvil. A 
suit by a firm at Yonkers for possession of property 
appropriated by the company has just been de¬ 
cided in favor of the plaintiff. This is a test case 
and the decision involves property said to be worth 
$5,000,000. The decision agreed with that of an¬ 
other judge, but of course the case will be appealed. 
It is difficult for the ordinary mortal to understand 
why a wealthy corporation has any more right to 
appropriate property to its own uses than private 
individuals have, and it is gratifying to know that 
our courts are taking the same view of the matter. 
The railroads of the country have already perpe¬ 
trated many wrongs upon the community under 
cover of the privileges granted to them by law. 
The Delaware peach crop may be a failure ; it 
generally “fails” annually, sometimes early in the 
year, sometimes later. There are signs, however, 
that lead us to believe that there will be, at least a 
few peaches. The growers have formed an ex¬ 
change for handling and selling the fruit. The 
first shipments have been made. The fight of the 
growers with the railroads over transportation 
facilities and charges has been renewed. The manu¬ 
facturers of peach baskets are crowded to their full¬ 
est capacity. The handlers here are making prepara¬ 
tions for handling large quantities. Housewives are 
accumulating all their available cans. The price of 
sugar has advanced. All these signs certainly in¬ 
dicate something in the direction of a crop. Any 
one of them alone might be misleading ; but com¬ 
bined they certainly cannot all lead us astray. We 
shall expect a plentiful supply of Delaware peaches 
this year. 
The applications for bounty on American-made 
sugar ended June 30. Comparatively few maple- 
sugar makers availed themselves of the chance of 
drawing the bounty—most of them preferring to 
sell syrup, while the “ red tape ” surrounding the 
necessary papers deterred some who might other¬ 
wise have secured the bounty right without expect¬ 
ing to exercise it. The cane-sugar makers of the 
South, however, expect to draw nearly $10,000,000 
in the form of bounties. The anticipated yield 
of the American grown crop is nearly twice the 
average of the crops for the past four years. It is 
claimed that this increase in the yield of home¬ 
grown sugar as well as the improvements in sugar 
machinery is due directly to the bounty, and 
that the end will not be reached until all Ameri¬ 
can sugar bowls are supplied by Americans. Is the 
patriotism that finds added sweetness in the word 
American worth paying for or not ? 
Why should the political papers be so everlast¬ 
ingly intolerant of the two per cent land scheme 
favored by millions of farmers in the South and 
West to enable them to hold on to the land they 
already own ; while many of them are loud in their 
praises of Balfour's Land Act now before the Brit¬ 
ish Parliament and supported by the whole Con¬ 
servative party, though it provides for the loan of 
money by the English Government to Irish tenant 
farmers for a series of years at three per cent inter¬ 
est to enable them to buy the land they now culti¬ 
vate ? Shall British Tories be more liberal than 
American Democrats or Republicans ? Are Ameri¬ 
can farmers who own their land less responsible 
than Irish tenants ambitious to own theirs ? The 
security is to be the same in both cases, and two 
per cent is only a tentative rate, which American 
farmers would doubtless willingly raise to three per 
cent. The Rural New-Yorker cannot altogether 
approve of this land scheme, to which it sees many 
grave objections ; but neither can it approve of the 
outrageous vituperation of it. 
The Prohibitionists in Ohio have a full ticket in 
the field and are prepared to make a vigorous can¬ 
vass. One thing is sure about the Prohibitionist— 
he is not afraid to say what he thinks about public 
matters. Knowing that the Republicans will make 
the tariff a prominent feature of the campaign, the 
Prohibitionists put themselves on record as follows : 
Tariff should be levied only as a defense against foreign 
governments which levy tariff upon or bar out our pro¬ 
ducts from their markets, revenue being incidental. The 
residue of means necessary to an economical administration 
of the government should be raised by a graduated income 
tax. 
Thero is no other organized party in the country 
that would present such a statement as its official 
declaration. Farmers’ parties may support the in¬ 
come tax, but they fight shy of the tariff. Single 
taxers want the tariff abolished so as to further 
their plan of laud taxes. The “tariff for revenue 
only” and the “ tariff for protection with incidental 
revenue” men cannot support such a plank because 
it would do away with both protection and revenue 
eff< ctively. It is very doubtful if the Prohibition¬ 
ists have added to their strength by this position ; 
it certainly will not advance the anti liquor cause. 
Wool and manufacturers of wool have long been 
prominent factors in tariff legislation. Some 600 
years ago the English people grew large quantities 
of wool, but fine wool manufacturing was largely 
in the hands of skilled French and Flemish work¬ 
men. In the 14th century Edward III. established 
one of the most remarkable tariffs known to his¬ 
tory. He proposed to force the manufacture of 
English wool on English soil. He forbade any ex¬ 
portation of English wool, the importation of for¬ 
eign made cloth was made illegal, no subject was 
permitted to wear any clothing except that made in 
England, and a tax was put on all wools entering 
into the home manufacture. The result was that 
many Continental workmen came to England, where 
they received privileges above those enjoyed by 
native Englishmen. These and their pupils began 
the industrial changes that made England the 
leader in wool manufacturing, instead of a pastoral 
county growing wool for the other nations to han¬ 
dle and spin. In that crude age the king’s word 
made a tariff stronger than a stone wall—there was 
no such thing as a “removal of the duty,” and we 
are not surprised to learn that while in the first 
year of Edward’s reign more than half the cloth 
worn in England was imported, 28 years later the 
exports were three times the imports. The facts 
worth remembering in this connection are that Eng¬ 
lish preeminence in wool manufacturing was due to a 
tariff ; that while at first this tariff added greatly 
to the discomfort and burdens of the people, in the 
end it added greatly to the national wealth, and 
that this wealth is unevenly distributed among 
farmers, workmen and manufacturers. Free traders 
look to this last fact as an argument against a 
protective tariff. Protectionists will claim that 
the first and second facts prove that their position 
is the correct one, while they insist that the wrongs 
of the last fact are due, not to the system of pro¬ 
tection, but to the peculiar way in which that sys¬ 
tem was applied. 
Governor Fifer of Illinois has just vetoed a bill 
flagrantly in favor of trusts and similar organiza¬ 
tions, which had been passed by both branches of 
the legislature. It had been quietly introduced 
under a deceptive title towards the end of the ses¬ 
sion, and owing to the great stress of business neither 
its merits nor true character had been discussed in 
either House. Indeed, it is probable that few of 
the members who supported the measure realized 
its radical nature and far-reaching consequences, 
while the public were not advised through tne com¬ 
ments of the press or in any other way of the pen¬ 
dency of such a measure. It authorized “corpora¬ 
tions organized or to be organized for mining or 
manufacturing purposes and which furnish materi¬ 
als used in the construction of railroads, to own and 
hold shares in the capital stock of railroad companies 
now or hereafter organized.” In the words of Gov¬ 
ernor Fifer, “ it would hardly be possible in the 
same number of words to more completely reverse 
a long-established policy of law than is done ” in 
this bill. Upon grounds of public policy it is every¬ 
where against the common law for one corporation 
to hold the stock of another. No statutory prohi¬ 
bition of ownership is anywhere needed; yet under 
this bill any corporation which mines a ton of coal 
and furnishes or is ready to furnish it to a railroad, 
or furnishes or is ready to furnish 10 gallons of oil 
annually or a tin cup, could own and hold stock of 
every railroad in the State. If such a measure were 
to go upon the statute books, how weak and futile 
would be the legislative attempts made by Congress 
and State legislatures to suppress trusts and similar 
monopolistic combinations ! What a commentary 
its passage by the General Assembly affords on the 
consideration such measures of the highest impor¬ 
tance may often receive even from a legislature like 
that of Illinois, which has enacted severe laws 
against the very combinations favored in this bill! 
If it had passed the governor, it would have pro¬ 
vided a direct method by which all the railroads in 
the State could be combined under a single man¬ 
agement, and that, too, of a corporation, like the 
Standard Oil, organized for a different purpose than 
that of railroading. Through the vigilance of her 
governor, Illinois has escaped a great danger brought 
upon her by the trickery and treachery of some of 
her legislators, who engineered the measure. Surely 
care should be taken that these mercenary rascals 
should never have a similar opportunity to perpe¬ 
trate a similar turpitude. 
BREVITIES. 
I don’t believe In little rowB, xald honest farmer Black, 
I want an animal of size with meat along her back 
So when she sets tt ron, h milKing, she ran honorably boast. 
She still Is good for something at providing steak and roast. 
And then her son* are worthy, 
They are not all hide and bODe, 
But big with beef they helo t e cais-e along, 
And make a helpful household 
Giving agriculture tone 
While dairy steers are scarcely worth a song. 
I don’t want beef In dairying, good neighbor White replied, 
I want fat In the but'er tub—not on the critter’s side ; 
I want a cow whose record will entitle hpr to rest, 
She’s free to quit with honor after she has done her best. 
Ann she’ll support her brother, 
ADd she’ll pay a profit too. 
And dress her master’s lady up In silk. 
S P d esn’t eat a hay stack. 
And a bln of grain or two : 
But gives us beef and tallow ii her milk 
Have you a night pasture for your cows ? 
A DAIRY number next week with several special features. 
Fertilizers certainly do not “ poison ” those Cranbury 
farms. 
Have you ever tried boiled lemonade—not served hot, 
but iced T 
There's no good reason why increase of wealth should 
sap the vigor out of moral health ! 
Again Crandall's Currant Is without fruit, the little 
that set having dropped before ripening. 
The silo saving garden wastes Is not at all a myth—why 
don’t you try to follow after John M. Smith ? 
A Dane has invented a milking machine that promises 
fair results. As usual, The R. N.-Y. will describe and 
picture it first. 
A patch is far more honorable than a rag. The patch 
gains in dignity as it approaches the color of the garment 
that supports It. 
Now, readers, make up your minds about strawberries 
to plant this fall. The R. N.-Y. will furnish ample ma¬ 
terial next week. 
Look out for better weather henceforth. The Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture took charge vf the weather on the 
first of the month. 
Don't spoil it all by baying useless things on the 
strength of prospective good times. The good times are 
not strong enough to stand it. 
When you go back on yourself you may reasonably ex¬ 
pect others to go back on you. Which would you rather 
have folks do—ride over you or go back on you ? 
Think seriously before embarking in any enterprise; 
for while there are many not worth undertaking, there 
Ln’t one which, once undertaken, isn’t worth succeeding 
in. 
The first prize lot of Rural Wheats comes from Jonas 
Cook, of Mount Pleasant, N. C., July 2. It is a fine lot 
and does credit to the Old North .state as a wheat produc¬ 
ing country. 
A GOOD way for Americans to show their patriotism 
would be for them to make fashionable the ” Sparrow 
Soup ” (Eugiish nuisance) served at the banquet at the 
Cornell agricultural jubilee. 
The political papprs sppear to be discovering that It is a 
waste of printer’s ink aud good white paper to devote so 
much space to vilification of tbe “ farmers' movement,” 
instead of blackguarding each other. 
Rose-bugs, even among grape vines, have marked pre- 
ferenct s. ine Berckmaus is their choice at the Rural 
Grounds among a collection of 50 or more. They eat the 
leaves as well as the flowers and young berries. 
Fay continues our favorite currant among the reds. It 
is a good plan to start a few currant cuttings every year 
atd to destroy the old bushes as the younger ones come 
into bearing. Thus we may secure more and larger fruit. 
Have you ever read the questions put to your sons and 
daughters to be answered offhand at the annual scholastic 
or collegiate examinations ? Could you answer all of 
them ? Could the learned professors do so rightaway ? 
Not by 6!) rows of apple trees. 
If what vitriolic Ingalls says—that 10 000,000 of the 
people of this country never have enough to eat from one 
end of the year to the other—is true, is it due to under¬ 
production or malaistribution of food products, or is the 
statement au iridescent ‘’whopper f ” 
It is a good time now to see what a useless piece of soil 
furniture is a great, hard lump of stable manure. It is so 
hard and dry tnat roots of plants run away from it in hor¬ 
ror. Let a light rain come and the lump will absorb about 
10 times its.share—cheating the plants. Fine manure for 
fertility. 
We are a little surprised that J. M. Smith puts pea 
vines directly Into the compost heap. We feed ours to the 
cows as a soiling crop. At least half of the vines are eaten 
and the remainder broken up and well suited for bedding. 
Cows can also be taught ro eat bean vines. It may be, 
however, that Mr. Srnitn has so many of these vines that 
his little herd of cows cannot handle them all. 
The Sub Treasury scheme is serio sly threatening to 
split botn the Farmers’ Alliance and the Democratic party 
in the South. Gov. Tiliman is leading the Alliance bolt 
in South Carolina ; and tne Sub Treasury ‘‘schemers ” are 
preparing to bolt the Dem cratic party there and elee- 
whtre throughout the whole section, unless the party 
favors their project. A wedge is one of the most power¬ 
ful of mechanical devices, though its entering edge is 
often almost invisibly fine. Pernaps the Sub-Treasury 
wedge may yet accomplish what nothing seemed likely to 
effect—split the “ Solid South.” 
