282 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 
and Acraeoid Heliconidae have been represented in color in Plates 
5 - 8 . Each large rectangle upon the left hand side of the Plate 
represents a hind wing, the small middle rectangles show the colors 
of the cell of the hind wing, and the right hand rectangles give the 
fore wings, all being projected in the manner illustrated in Figs. 4 
and 5, Plate 1. The chief advantage in Keeler’s projection method 
lies in the fact, that similar areas in the projection of the wings lie 
vertically under or over one another, and thus by merely glancing 
up or down the plates one may observe the color-variations which 
occur in homologous cells of all the species represented. 
III. General Discussion of the Color-Patterns and of 
Mimicry in the Genera IIeliconius and Eueides. 
Among the species of the genera Heliconius and Eueides we find 
remarkably little variation in venation, but great diversity in color- 
pattern of the wings, and in this respect they are very different from 
the Danaoid Heliconidae, where, it will be remembered, we find fully 
twenty different types of venation and only two types of color- 
pattern . 
(1) The Four Color Types in the Genus IIeliconius. Schatz 
and libber (’85-92) divide the species of the genus Heliconius into 
four groups based on color differences, as follows:—(1) the 
“Antiochus group” (Plate 4 , Fig. 50); (2) the “Erato group” 
(Fig. GO); (8) the “Melpomene group” (Fig. 59); and (4) the 
“ Sylvanus group,” a good example of which is Heliconius eucrate 
(Fig. 58, Plate 4 ). 
It will become apparent through an inspection of Figs. 50, 60, 59, 
and 58, which represent respectively, Heliconius antiochus, H. erato, 
H. melpomene, and IT. eucrate, that the first three are quite closely 
related in color-pattern, while the fourth (H. eucrate) approaches 
very closely to the plan of coloration of the Melinaea type of the 
Danaoid Heliconidae. In fact this resemblance is so close that it 
may be safely said that the members of the “ Sylvanus group,” to 
which H. eucrate belongs, mimic the Danaoid Heliconidae. 
The “Antiochus group” is represented by Heliconius anti¬ 
ochus (Plate 4 , Fig. 50, and Plate 5 , Fig 62). TI. sara, TI. galanthus, 
and H. charitonius (Plate 5 , Figs. 61, 63, 64) are also members of 
this group ; other examples are H. apseudes, H. cydno, II. cliiones, 
II. hahnesi, II. sapplio, II. leuce, IT. eleusinus, and II. clysonymus. 
