33 
M00 RE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND EMILY NEWSPAPER. 
the animals arc continually working it out 
of place. It is also quite an aid in tho sav¬ 
ing of manure. On account of its porous 
nature, it absorbs the liquid part, which is, 
by very many farmers, permitted in a great 
degree, to run away or evaporate. 
True, there are other articles, .which 
might bo used for the same purpose, but I 
have found none that is equal to this for 
bedding horses. When we consider what 
an amount of this article is annually allowed 
to run to waste—filling up tho beds of some 
of our streams, it seems advisable to turn it 
to so good a purpose. Farmers residing in 
tho vicinity of saw mills, will find it to theii 
advantage to try it. It is also an excellent 
article for dressing fruit trees, or mulching; 
as it keeps down grass and woods, renders 
tho ground moist and light, and when de¬ 
cayed, makes manure. R - 
Skiiueateles, N. Y., Jan. 1‘2, 1853. 
INFORMATION WANTED. 
Here are a few queries, upon which in¬ 
formation is wanted by sundry subsciibois. 
Who will help us answer them—with facts 
and experience on tho subject.' 
1. W. L. B., of Kalamazoo, Mich., asks, 
« Can you inform us as to the difference in 
durability of red, white or yellow cedar for 
posts ?’* 
2. A Hornby, Steuben Co. correspondent 
asks. “ What is tho cause of smut in oats ? 
Can it be remedied ?” 
3 . J. W., Jr., of Black Rock, N. Y., wishes 
to know, “If blood or bogy spavins are he¬ 
reditary, from dam to foal ?” He has raised 
three colts from a very superior mare which 
had a spavin. One of the colts has a simi¬ 
lar blemish—the others are free from it. 
4. W. N., of Alabama, N. Y., wishes to 
inquire of the Journal of Agriculture , 
“how to apply cement so as to ‘head oil 
rats from a coj-n crib ?” He has set his 
corn crib on blocks two foot high, with old 
tin pans inverted beneath tho corners, but 
says that rats will jump higher than that, 
and get into his crib. 
5. “ Ilusticus,” of Kalamazoo, Mich., asks 
us to “give Mr. Ross’s description of bis 
^Conical Mill, with the amount of power 
nocessary to drive it to grind the different 
kinds of grain, &c.” Will Mr. R. give us 
“ statements” for publication in the Rural : 
MINERAL AND NITROGENIZED MANURES. 
Eds. Rural : — An articlo on “ Mineral 
and Nitrogenized Manures,” in No. 151 of 
the Rural contains some conclusions drawn 
from Mr. Lawes recent experiments, which 
appear to me not to bo wholly warranted in 
tho promises. It is therein remarked that 
these experiments show “ that the soil usu¬ 
ally contains a supply of those inorganic 
substances which analysis finds in the ash 
of plants,” and hence inferred that the most 
remunerating crops can generally be oh 
tained by increasing the quantity of animal 
and vegetable matter in the soil. Now, so 
far as it regards the soil subjected to Mr. 
Lawes experiments, and similar soils, this is 
no doubt true. But by referring to tho re¬ 
port of these experiments, in the June No. 
of the Genesee Farmer, we found that the 
soil in question “ was generally known as a 
good wheat soil,” and that four grain crops 
were taken from tho field the four years 
preceding theso experiments, without tho 
application in tho mean time of any kind of 
manure to tho lantL The subsequent ex¬ 
periments showed, that this naturally good 
wheat soil contained tho needed supplies of 
mineral substances, for the profitable grow¬ 
ing of grain crops, “ but for the want of or¬ 
ganic matter tho plants could not assimilate 
them.” 
There are, however, other soils, and they 
are by no means rare, in which chemical 
analysis indicates a marked deficiency of 
some of the inorganic elements which com¬ 
prise a large proportion of tho ash ot the 
grain of wheat, and other cereal crops. — 
The analysis of tho soils of many of tho 
farms of the rich county of Seneca, N. Y., 
not long sinco made by Dr. Antisell, fur¬ 
nishes abundant proof, in the comparative¬ 
ly small amount they contain of some of tho 
ossential mineral eloments, that their pro¬ 
ductive powers could bo greatly increased, 
by direct application of lime, ashes, and es¬ 
pecially the phosphates, in connection with 
animal and vegetable manures. Dr. J. II. 
Salisbury has recently furnished mo with 
an analysis of the soil of a portion of my 
own farm, which I think determines with 
unerring certainty, a most speedy and econ¬ 
omical increase of its productive powers, 
can alone be secured by a diroct application 
of several important mineral eloments in 
connection with animal and vegetable ma¬ 
nures. 
Judging from the character of the soil, as 
from the exhausting system of cropping 
whieh has generally prevailed in this and 
other sections of the State, I can safely say 
that this analysis fairly indicates the pres¬ 
ent actual condition of large bodies of our 
farm in w lands. One hundred parts by • , . . 
° . . 9 „ onf 0 f drawn upon and reduced for the same pur- 
woight of tins soil ga^ L ‘ I* . , pose, developing the skeleton ; or else the 
lime, 18 of potash, and 02 of phosphoric ; animal must f reeze to death. One of these 
acid. Although the quantity of lime would j t i 5rec alternatives is inevitable. The last. 
is needed for aliment; or the flesh must bo I vided for, to dispose of tho foul air, and 
' keep up a proper circulation. 
furnish specific food for several crops, it is 
now well understood, that by its mechanical 
as well as chemical action it exerts an im¬ 
portant influence upon vegetation, aside 
from merely acting as food for plants. 
Hence it is that soils containing from 2 to 3 
per cent of lime have been greatly benefit- 
ted by frequent and direct applications of 
moderate quantities of lime. There is also 
occasion for the free use of ashes to supply 
the deficiency of potash in this soil, but 
more especially ot tho phosphates, tliero 
being a marked deficiency of phosphoric 
acid, only 02 per cent. When wo reflect 
that about 50 per cent of the ash of wheat, 
and nearly that of the other grain crops is 
phosphoric acid, and that a great propor¬ 
tion of this essential element is not again 
returned to tho soil — the grain not being 
consumed at home —we will at once per¬ 
ceive, that no small proportion of our wheat 
lands, even in most iavored localities, would 
be greatly benefited by direct applications 
of this mineral in connection with animal 
and vegetable manures —the quantity of 
mineral matter in them alone being too 
smail to afford the needed supplies for the 
rapid succession of tho cereal crops. 
Marshall, Michigan, 1853. W. R. 8. 
Remarks. — There can be little question 
as to tho practical value ot tho course re¬ 
commended in the article criticized by our 
correspondent. If the application of “ barn- 
vard manure and composts of different ani¬ 
mal and vegetable substances, and the plow¬ 
ing in of green crops,” will not givo fer¬ 
tility to tho soil, then that soil is a marked 
exception to tho general rule. We have 
often spoken of the ameleorating effects of 
lime, marl, ashes, &c., and recommended 
their application, and perfectly agree with 
W. R. S., that both mineral and vegetable 
elements are required in the soil to make it 
a productive one.— [Ed. 
the AGRICULTURAL FRESS. 
do ono desires; the first is a costly process ; 
the second is not less to bo dreaded. Now, 
our advice to all is. to avoid this triple-horn¬ 
ed dilemma, by securing tho warmth ot 
comfortable shelter. 
New Things.—Corn sown for Fodder. 
Here are somo hints for hereafter—which 
may aid some of our farmers in deciding 
on tho use to which they will put, at least, 
one-half acre, tho coming season. Wo cut 
them from the Agricullor : 
Ourself a farmer, wo trust we may take 
the liberty of uttering one plain truth to 
our brethren, and that is, they have as a 
class, a more bitter hostility to everything 
new than any other profession whatever. 
Go to the manufacturer or mechanic; ho is 
ever on tho watch for all new improvements 
and is willing to give them a trial, frequent¬ 
ly when quite unpromising. But with the 
farmer, as a general rule, however promis¬ 
ing, ho obstinately sets his face against it, 
and cannot bo persuaded to give it a trial. 
Sowing Indian corn for fodder, is ono of 
thoso new practices which has come into 
vogue among enlightened farmers within 
the last ten years ; and if it had been gen¬ 
erally adopted the past dry season, would 
have been millions of dollars in tho pock¬ 
ets of the husbandmen of this country, sav¬ 
ed thousands of poor and almost worthless 
cattle from the butcher’s shambles, and oth¬ 
er thousands from wtat is akin to prolong¬ 
ed starvation. 
Every farmer ought invariably to sow one 
aero of Indian corn for fodder, for every 
ten bead of animals which lie keeps. In 
case of a drouth then, bo will obtain food 
enough from this source alone to one-third 
winter his stock, which would have the ef¬ 
fect of lessening tho price of hay. and en¬ 
able him to retain or sell his surplus stock 
to greater advantage. American summers 
are often dry, very dry. Improvident, in¬ 
deed then, is that man who depends entire- 
lv upon grass for his stock ; for a dry sea¬ 
son cuts off from one-third to two-thirds of 
his crop. Biit with Indian corn it has not 
the same effect. Flew deep, manure well, 
and let tho corn get ono month’s start, and 
it will take pretty go:>d care of itself after 
that, through tho season, wet or dry. 
Bedding should not bo neglected, and on 
this subject we have bestowed somo atten¬ 
tion of late, especially in observing tho re¬ 
sults of an experiment in tho stables ol 
Messers. Blake & Williams, of this city.— 
The material used for this purpose is smv- 
dvst, and the results have been highly satis¬ 
factory. Several bushels of dry saw-dust 
are thrown into the stall, upon which tho 
horse stands during the night. In the 
morning it will be found that about a 
bushel has to be removed — ono half ot 
which is manure and one half saw dust, so 
well saturated as to contain a large portion 
of ammonia, performing the double office ot 
absorbent and purifier; thus the air ot the 
stable is kept pure, and the ammonia saved 
for the compost hoap. This compost Mr. 
Blako has applied to bis stiff clay land, and 
reports that it operates like yeast, making 
tho ground very light and mellow, in the 
morning that portion of the bedding which 
remains dry is shoved up under the man¬ 
ger, to serve for another night. 
Another advantage from this material for 
bedding is that a horse which lies upon it, 
is much easier cleaned off. than one which 
lies on tho straw; the saw-dust entering 
among the hair, brings away tho secretions, 
when the curry-comb and brush are ap¬ 
plied, leaving a bright, lively coat. In 
warm weather it has another great advan¬ 
tage, that of being much cooler than straw, 
so"that a tired and heated horse, can sleep 
pleasantly, without incitements to feverish 
restlessness. Tho establishment of steam 
mills in all parts of tho country, renders 
this material easy of access to almost every 
neighborhood, and wo doubt not when its 
virtues are better known, it will bo generally 
applied to stable use, as a means of com¬ 
fort to tho liorso, and also of turning an 
otherwise useless articlo to profitable ac¬ 
count. 
Lime for Fowls. 
Eggs are, if at any time, a luxury in win¬ 
ter, and whatever (by keeping tho fowls in 
good health and condition) promotes their 
production is of intorest to the majority of 
our readers. We find tho following season¬ 
able paragraphs in tho Boston Cultivator: 
All domestic fowls, as well as other ani¬ 
mals, require more or loss lime. It is the 
chief constituent of their bones, and is prob¬ 
ably useful in many cases, in small quanti- 
Hay and Meal For Fuel. 
It is a wasteful practice to use fodder to 
keep up animal warmth, when good shelter 
will answer the same purpose so much more 
economically. It requires enough, surely, 
of hay, roots, &c., to keep up their flesh, 
without increasing the amount by exposure 
to the cold. That it does and how, the fol¬ 
lowing paragraphs from the Country Gen¬ 
tleman will explain : 
Let us inquire why it is that the human 
body, and the bodies of warm blooded ani¬ 
mals generally, (except at tho surface mere¬ 
ly,) are always at tho same temperature, 
whether in summer or in winter, in cold cli¬ 
mates or in hot—why, in the intense cold 
within the arctic circle, whero the mercury 
of tho thermometer is frozen solid, tho heat 
of tho body is as great as under the burn¬ 
ing sun of tho torrid zone ? In thoso cold 
regions tho heat is constantly escaping from 
the body at a prodigious rate, in the same 
way that the beat of a stovo is constantly 
passing into tho air which surrounds it. and 
is carried off by the currents. Where does 
it all come from to supply this constant 
wasto ? 
By breathing, a large quantity of oxygen 
from the air is constantly received into tho 
lungs. Tho circulation of tho blood brings 
this oxygen into contact with tho carbon 
and hydrogen of the blood, both of which 
are derived from tho food. Tho oxygen 
combines with these two elements, and in 
the act of combining, heat is given out, in 
precisely the samo way, only moro slowly, 
that it is given out by the burning of wood. 
Combustion in pure oxygen gas is very in¬ 
tense, and its heat greater than that ot the 
hotest furnaces ; combustion in common air 
is slower, and the heat correspondingly less 
intense. But in the animal body many hours 
are required to consume the same amount 
of oxygen as in quick combustion. But tho 
real amount ot heat is tho same; its inten¬ 
sity is diminished as tho time is lengthened. 
This is further proved by tho iact that ani¬ 
mals which breathe rapidly, have tho high¬ 
est animal boat. A child has a moro rapid 
respiration than a man, and we accordingly 
find its temperature two or throe degrees 
higher. Birds broatho moro rapidly than 
quadrupeds, and have four or five degrees 
more of heat. Fishes and reptiles, known 
as cold-blooded animals, breathe very slow¬ 
ly. Active exorciso increases the amount of 
bodily heat, by throwing tho blood more 
rapidly into the lungs, and which thus com¬ 
bines faster with the oxygen, or in other 
words produces a moro rapid combustion. 
Hence more food is required for animals 
in winter, to keep up the moro rapid waste 
of heat. And hence too, domestic animals, 
exposed to cold winds and snow storms, re¬ 
quire moro food than those sheltered in sta¬ 
bles. A starving animal of any kind is soon¬ 
est frozen to death. Beasts of prey in the 
arctic regions, far exceed in voracity those 
of the torrid zone. Tho inhabitants ot the 
extreme north, consume almost incredible 
quantities of food. Every farmer knows 
that it requires more grain to fatten beef 
and pork in tho depth of winter, than du¬ 
ring the milder weather of autumn. 
Now, when domestic animals are exposed 
to tho severe cold of winds and snow storms, 
there must be three resulting alternatives. 
Either a large amount of food must begiv- 
| on them to keep up tho heat, besides what 
Foor Salt ani Poor Butter. 
Tiie Agricullor s;iys that two-thirds of 
the butter of Ohio and the Western States, 
when it reaches the New York market, is 
nothing but rancid grease; and simply be¬ 
cause they use Iveiuhawa, Syracuse, and 
Zanesville salt. Tht Ohio Banner admits 
this to bo true, and remarks : 
It was a long time before our farmers 
and farmer’s wives knew what the trouble 
was, and also until lately no other salt than 
Syracuse, came to this region, where butter 
is one of the leading articles of the farmer. 
But now it is different. Our farmers all 
know that Syracuse salt will not cure meat 
as it it should bo cured nor preserve butter. 
Still the old habit is too firmly fixed to bo 
changed at once. There is the old barrel 
of Syracuse salt in the wood bouse that 
cost only $1,25 in Cleveland. It looks so 
nice and clean that tho house-wife is "sure 
it will answer;” so in it goes to as nice and 
yellow a churning of butter as ever was 
“fetched” and the butter is ruined. 
Wo can hardly beliovo all tho fault is in 
“ Syracuse ” salt. Wo have known as good 
and long-keeping butter as wo could ever 
care to taste, in which no other salt than 
the common coarso Onondaga was used. 
Horse Stables.—Saw-du3t Beddings. 
Here are somo capital hints lor those in¬ 
terested in keeping and using horses—Irom 
the Ohio Cultiuator: 
The Horse Stable should bo so construct¬ 
ed that currents of air can be efloctually 
shut off from coining directly upon the 
horse, when desired. This is frequently 
impossible in many stables that wo have 
seen, in consequence of open seams, through 
the siding and floors ot tho stalls. A horse 
put in such a stall, coming warm and moist 
from the road, with tho winter winds blow¬ 
ing upon his recking hide, is very much in 
danger of taking cold, and laying tho foun¬ 
dation of disease, aside from the immediate 
discomfort and stiffening ot his body. His 
back may be kept warm by a blanket, but his 
legs will bo still sadly exposed, and thus 
the elasticity of his travel impaired. 
ThE Stable Floor, for draft horses, we 
should always preter to have lowest in front, 
except for the reason, that such a stable 
cannot so readily be kept dry and clean. 
Wo prefer it, because when standing upon 
such a floor the muscles which were most 
employed in the draft, are temporarily re¬ 
lieved and rested, and it will be perceived 
that when a roadster is in pasture, and at 
liberty to choose his position, he will rest 
himself with his fore feet lowest. But as it 
is highlv necessary that the horse be kept 
dry and clean, we should allow a tailing back 
of some two inches in ten feet, in tho planks 
of tho floor. 
The Feeding Box for hay, should be a 
manger, coming down within some eight¬ 
een inches of the floor, leaving underneath, 
that space for tho bedding, during tho day 
time. Tho stable should bo so arrangod 
with regard to light, that a person on com¬ 
ing from without, would experience no dif¬ 
ficulty in discerning objects within. We do 
not approve of having a bright beam ot 
light, let in immediately upon the horses 
eyes; but should prefer a well diffused, sub- 
j dued light. Ventilation should be well pro 
ties, as a condiment. In addition to these 
purposes, fowls which lay eggs require lime 
for tho formation of tho egg-shells. Ordi¬ 
narily, fowls which have their liberty can 
procure sufficient lime to satisfy their wants. 
It is contained in the grain on which they 
feed, and frequently in the stones and earth 
which they swallow. 
But in Winter, when fowls have less access 
to tho ground, or when they are confined in 
small enclosures, they have less opportunity 
to select tho mineral substances which they 
require. Ilenco an artificial supply be¬ 
comes necessary. How shall this be given." 
By placing the articles within their reach, 
so that they may take, voluntarily, just tho 
quantity to which they are prompted by na- 
turo. Place slacked lime, broken into pieces 
the size of peas, on shelves whero tho fowls 
can readily pick it up. By slacking lime in 
a vessel, in considerable water, so that it. 
will form a paste, and letting it dry, it can 
readily be pounded into tho desired form, 
in which it appears to suit the fowls best. 
An article is going the rounds recommend¬ 
ing lime-water for fowls. If they are not 
compelled to drink lime-water because they 
can get no other, wo see no objection; or to 
giving lime to fowls in solution, provided 
they have pure water always within their 
reach, but there is nothing to show that this 
form of giving lime has any advantages over 
tho mode first described above, and the 
former has tho preference as to convenience, 
especially in cold weather, wlion the article 
is most required. 
Lucerne for Milch Cows. 
Tiie Soil of the South thus commends 
this grass for summer soiling stock, remark¬ 
ing that he has tho Chilian clover growing 
and can see no differenco between the two. 
Ho says: 
We know all about tho lucorne, and 
prize it as highly. Wo know of no good 
reason why it is not moro generally cultiva¬ 
ted for feeding milch cows through the 
summer, except we are too lazy, and prefer 
the pint of sun burnt horbago milk to tho 
rich creamy gallons of tho luxuriant lu 
corno. And tho milch cows aro not the 
only animals that thrive on the lucerne. 
Stock of every description aro extravagant¬ 
ly fond of it, and this is not all. It forms 
ono of tho most beautiful borders tor gar 
den walks or yards, being easily kept in or¬ 
der by its constant trimming to feed with 
In this section, it may bo planted any time 
from October to March. It should be eul 
tivated in drills, two to throe feet apart 
and kept clear of grass and weeds. Wo 
know of nothing that will yield a better re 
turn for the trouble. 
System in Farming. 
Farmers somotimos write articles for their 
county papers, worthy of a wider circula 
tion. Such an ono is tho following from the 
Poughkeepsie Telegraph: 
There is no ono thing that ronders farm 
ing so unseemingly unprofitable, as a want 
of system in conducting the affairs of hus¬ 
bandry, and to do the work of tilling and 
seeding in its proper season. If this is not 
done in a suitable and just manner, tho tann¬ 
er cannot expect any good result from his 
labor, and poor profit is the event of farm¬ 
ing without system. And if we deposit seed 
for prospect of gain, tho land must he in 
good cultivation and rightly prepared to 
yield a harvest that will pay expenses. The 
soil rich and in preparatory order, will give 
to her laborer fair return for his pains be¬ 
stowed. It is perfectly idle for the agricul¬ 
tural man to think of much gain from a poor 
preparation for any sort of crop he may 
choose to venture on his grounds. One aero 
of good land will produce its value; if it is 
put in good condition it will produce a fair 
compensation and remuneration for his time 
employed. 
The absurd notion that a farmer should 
possess two or three hundred acres of land 
in order to do a great farming business, is 
rather an erroneous idea. By taking half 
those acres, with the best management, an 
equal amount can bo made, and that, 
too, with much less expenso. by having 
a smaller number of acres put into tho beit 
possible cultivation to make it give a fair 
rate of income. Why then not pursue this 
plan, as a better policy and a saving of ex¬ 
tra expense? 
No judicious farmer will undertake to 
plant, or sow an acre of ground, without a 
previous and well-directed preparation of 
such grounds, knowing ho cannot realize 
ample profit without this careful procedure ; 
and therefore his efforts are not underrated 
and he gets bis full pay. The unthrifty 
farmer will complain that his crops rro 
poor, and do not equal his neighbor’s, and is 
ready to exclaim that farming will not make 
him rich or pay for his labor, when in fact 
tho fault is in the man, and not in the quali¬ 
ty of tho land. This is tho cause of much, 
too much, failure in agricultural advance¬ 
ment, and operates as a damper many times 
to well-disposed and frugal men in farming 
pursuits. But an onward course to those 
who aro thrifty and labor to profit, would 
be an incentive for tho prudent man, that 
they might experience the like effects, in till¬ 
ing the soil and reaping tho fruits of their 
labor. 
Every Farmer a Mechanic. 
We extract the following from an arti¬ 
cle credited to tho Farmer and Artisan : 
Every farmer should be to some extent a 
mechanic. He should know how to make 
the wooden tools that ho has to use, such as 
yokes, bows, handles, rakes, &c., &c. The 
boys too should be instructed in this art. 
Habits of industry are among tho richest 
legacies that a man can leave bis children 
and on tho possession of those habits, to a 
great degree, does the success and happi¬ 
ness of every individual depend. 
Mr. Brown, tho thrifty farmer of whom I 
have before spoken, acted upon tho princi¬ 
ple; ho had threo children, two boys and a 
girl. He sent them to school during the 
time that the school was kept in his district, 
but if you chanced to call at his houso on 
a winter evening you would bo very sure to 
find himsolf and two boys engaged in whit¬ 
tling out and finishing up some axe handles, 
or something of tho kind, that had been 
blocked out during tho day, while the girl 
read to them from a newspaper, his house 
being well supplied with this indispensable 
commodity. Jacob Jones used (o go over 
to Mr. Brown’s frequently to hear the read¬ 
ing, and it was whispered about the neigh¬ 
borhood that a conversation with Maria on 
particular subject would have been even 
more interesting, but all his arts and efforts 
ere unsuccessful in eliciting it. This how¬ 
ever was mere chit chat and not to bo talk¬ 
ed about in an agricultural paper. 
What I was about to say was, that ono 
evening as thoy were employed as usual, 
and Maria had finished reading the address 
delivered before the agricultural society. Ja¬ 
cob said to Henry Brown, “ you can’t make 
so neat an axe handle as I have got.” At- 
ter a pause of a moment, Henry looked up 
and asked, “ who made it for you.” “ It is 
one that father bought at the agricultural 
ware houso, in Portland,” replied Jacob. 
Henry, in order to tease him, not once sus¬ 
pecting tho fact, said, “ as likely as not it is 
one I mado, for we sent two dozen there 
last week to bo sold.” “No,” says Jacob, 
this was mado in Massachusetts, of tho 
very best of wood.” Henry as ho placed 
his mark on a handle he had just finished 
said, “ there, if it has a cross on tho end like 
that, it is ono that I made, for I mark all of 
mine with this little chisel. ’ When Jacob 
went homo ho at once examined his axe han¬ 
dle, and lo, and behold, it had upon it tho 
dentical cross that Henry showed him. 
6 
Breeds of Swine. 
Under this head, Sanford Howard, Esq.,- 
tho well-known and capable Agricultural 
editor of tho Boston Cultivator, has recent¬ 
ly written a series of valuable articles which 
are now publishing in tho Wool Grower and 
Stock Register. Below is tho first number 
—giving a very interesting history of tho 
origin and character ot tho animal : 
It is only a few years since it was very common 
to hear an expression signifying that the breed of 
a hog is in the food he gets. This notion has been 
to a great extent eradicated, hut is not yet without 
advocates. There are still some who do not believe 
there is anything in the breed, because they “ can’t 
see how it is.” But that is no reason for denying 
the fact They can’t see how it is that in a par¬ 
cel of pear seeds,—all of which to outward appear¬ 
ance are just alike, and probably would appear so 
by the nicest chemical test,—some will produce 
fruit the most delicious and melting, and others 
with precisely the same advantages of soil and 
culture, fruit which is the most crabbed and 
austere. They can’t see how it is that the bear 
should line and cover kis carcass with fat to an 
amount nearly equal to half his whole weight, 
anil which supplies his lamp of life for five months 
in tho year, while the wolf and the fox remain 
gaunt and lean. They can’t soe how it is that the 
same kind of food when eaten by the ox, the 
sheep, the turkey, or the common fowl, produces 
meat which to human taste is of very different 
qualities. 
