MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
AN ICE HOUSE.—Elevation. 
Among the usoful and convenient append¬ 
ages to the farm and country establishment, 
is the Ice Aouso. Different from the gene¬ 
ral opinion which prevailed in our country 
before Ice became so important an article 
of commerce, and of homo consumption, 
the building which contains it should be 
above ground, instead of below it. And tho 
plainer and more simple it cau bo construct¬ 
ed, the better. 
Tho position of tho Ice house may be that 
which is most convenient to tho dwelling, or 
to tho wants of those who use it. If it can 
be placed beneath tho shade of trees, it will 
so far be relieved from the influence of tho 
sun; but it should be so constructed that 
sunshine will not affect tho ice within it, 
oven if it stand unsheltered ; and as it has, 
by tho ice merchants of our eastern cities, 
who put up large quantities for exportation 
abroad, and others in tho interior, who fur¬ 
nish ice in quantity for home consumption, 
been proved to be altogether the better plan 
to build the ice house entirely above ground, 
■wo shall present no other mode of construc¬ 
tion than this. It may be added, that five 
years’ experience with ono of our own build¬ 
ing, has confirmed our opinion of tho superi¬ 
ority of this over any other plan which may¬ 
be adopted. 
The design hero presented is of tho most 
economical kind, yet sufficiently ornamental 
to make it an agreeable appendage to any 
family establishment. The size may bo 12 
feet square— loss than that would bo too 
small For keeping ice well — and from that 
up to any required extent. Tho idea hero 
given is simply tho principle of construction. 
The posts should be full eight feet high 
above the ground, to whore tho plate of the 
roof is attached, and built thus : 
Mark out your ground the size you re¬ 
quire for the house: then, commencing at 
the ono corner, dig, opposite each other, a 
double set of holos, ono foot deep, and two 
and a half feet apart, on each side of tho in¬ 
tended building, say three feet equi-distant, 
so that when tho posts stand up they will 
present a doublo set, ono and a half feet 
apart. Then set in your posts, which should 
bo of oak, chestnut, or some lasting wood, 
and pack the earth firmly around them. If 
tho posts are sawed, they may bo 4x6 inches 
in size, set edgeways toward each other. If 
not sawed, they may be round sticks cut 
from the woods, or split from the body of a 
tree, quartered—but sizable, so as to appear 
decent — and the insides facing each other 
as they stand up, lined to a surface to ro- 
ceivo tho planking. Of courso, when the 
posts are set in the ground, they are to show 
a square form, or skeleton of what the 
building is to bo when completed. When 
this is done, square off tho top of each post 
to a level, all around ; then frame, or spike 
on to each line of posts a plato, say six 
inches wide, and four to six inches deep, and 
stay the two plates together strongly, so as 
to "form a doublo frame. Now plank, or 
board up closely, the inside of each line of 
posts, that tho space between them shall be 
a fair surface. Cut out, or leave out a space 
for a door in tho contre of the side where 
you want it, two and a half or three feet 
wide, and six and a half feet high, and board 
up tho inner partition sides of this opening, 
so as to form a door-casing on each side, 
that the space between the two lines of posts 
may bo a continuous box all around. Then 
fill up this space between the posts with 
I moist tan-bark, or saw dust, well packed 
' from tho ground up to the plates ; and the 
body of the house is inclosed, sun-proof, and 
air-proof, to guard the ice. 
GROUND I'D AN. 
Now lay down, inside tho building, somo 
sticks—not much matter what, so that they 
be level—and on them lay loose planks or 
boards, for a floor. Cover this floor with a 
coating of straw, a foot thick, and it is ready 
to receive the ice. 
For the roof, take common 3x4 joists, as 
rafters; or in place of them, poles from the 
woods, long enough, in a pitch of full 35° 
from a horizontal line, to carry the roof at 
least four feet over the outsides of the plates, 
and secure tho rafters well, by pins or 
spikes, to them. Then board over and 
shingle it, leaving a small aperture at the 
top, through which run a small pipe, say 
eight inches in diameter—a stovo-crock will 
do—for a ventilator. Then sot in four 
posts, say two feet high—as in the design 
— throw a little four-sidod, pointed cap on 
to tho top of these posts, and tho roof is 
done. If you want to ornament tho under 
side of tho roof, in a rude way—and we 
would adviso it—take somo pieces of 3x4 
scantling, such as were used for the roof, if 
tho posts are of sawed stuff—if not, rough 
limbs of trees from tho woods, to match the 
rough posts of tho same kind, and fasten 
them to the posts and the under side of tho 
roof, by way of brackets, as in tho design. 
When tho ice is put into a house, a close 
floor of boards should be laid on joists, 
which rest on tho plates, loosely, so that 
this floor can bo removed when putting in 
ice, and that covered five or six inches deep 
with tan, or saw-dust—straw will do if the 
other cannot bo had—and the insido ar¬ 
rangement is completo. Two doors should 
he attached to the opening, where the ice is 
put in and taken out; one on tho inner side 
of the lining, and tho other on the outer 
side, both opening out. Tan, saw-dust, or 
straw should also be placed on tho top of 
the ice, when put in, so as to keep the air 
from it as much as possible.; and as tho ice 
is removed, it will settle down upon, and 
still preserve it. Care must bG taken to 
have a drain under the floor of the bouse, 
to pass off tho water which rnelts from the 
ice, as it would, if standing there, injure its 
keeping. 
It will bo seen, that, by an error in tho 
cut of tho ground plan, the inside line of 
posts does not show, as in tho outer line, 
which they should do; nor is tho outside 
door inserted, as is shown in the elovation. 
These dofects, however, will bo rectified by 
the builder. 
We have given considerable thought to 
this subject, and can devise no shape to the 
building more appropriate than this, nor one 
cheaper in construction. It may be built 
for fifty to a hundrod dollars, according to 
tho cost of material and labor, and the de¬ 
gree of finish given to it .—Allens Rural 
Architecture. 
New Fertilizer. —Wo find in tho N. Y. 
Times, tho following reference to tho “Poz- 
zolano,” as a newly discovered article is 
called: 
It seems that the Island of St. Vincent, 
abounds in a kind of earth of very peculiar 
properties, and withal so valuable, that it is 
likely to become, at no distant day, an im- 
E ortant and regular article of exportation. 
ittle less than 2,000 tons have been taken 
to Bermuda, to assist in the formation of a 
breakwater that is being erected by tho 
Government there. They claim that it is 
an excellent cement for use under water.— 
Besides, it is said that English chemists have 
analyzed it, and pronounced it to be more 
valuable than guano even, as a manure.— 
Every article which can possibly aid tho 
farmer in developing the agricultural treas¬ 
ures of the earth is of consequence to the 
world. _ 
Uses of Cement. —Mr. Butterfield of Co- 
losse, Oswego Co., says that from an expe¬ 
rience of seventeen years in the use of wat¬ 
er lime for cement, he thinks the mode of 
mixing it, recommended by tho author of 
“ A Finality on Rats,” is wrong—yot ho fur¬ 
nishes us no better one. He says he has 
used it with excellent success in construct¬ 
ing water pipes, &c., using it instead of lead 
or zinc, and at a much loss expense. 
AGRICULTURAL INTELLIGENCE. 
County Agricultural Societies. 
The following officers for 1853, were 
elected at the annual meeting of tho Gene¬ 
see Co. Ag. Society: 
President—Hon. H. U. Soper. 
Vice Presidents—Eden Foster, Elba; A. 
E. Wilcox, Bergen; Cyrus Pond, Alabama; 
T. B. Lord, Pavilion. 
Secretary—M. G. Soper. 
Treasurer—C. Kirkham, Jr. 
Executive Committee —Amasa Johnson, 
Alabama; B. Benedict, Alexander; Chester 
White, Batavia; Cyrenus Walker, Byron; 
Sylvester Gillctt. Bergen; H. Dixon, Beth¬ 
any; D. J. Lee, Darien; W. S. Holmes. E 1 - 
ba; B. Murphy, Le Roy; C. Wolcott, Oak- 
field ; D. N. Wells, Pembroko; C. Ilannum, 
Pavilion; L. A. Baker, Stafford. 
Tiie officers of the Otsego Co. Ag. Soci¬ 
ety, for tho present year, are tho following : 
President— Homer Colman. 
Vico Presidents —Alexander II. Clark, L. 
Proctor, Z. Martin. 
Executive Committee—Wm. Davison, J. 
W. Ball, Phillip Potter, Thos. Higby, David 
Bundy, R. II. Van Rensselaer. A. Barnum, 
J. A. Cheney, J. Chamberlin, S. Baker, 11. 
Franchot, Wm. Frater, S. G. Cone, George 
Clarke, R. Day, Charles McLean, J. Rath- 
bone, J. Walker. 
TnE Franklin Co. Ag. Society, have elect¬ 
ed the following board of officers : 
President— Sidney Lawrence. 
Vice Presidents —C. C. Keeler, Malono ; 
Michael Roberts, Chateaugay ; C. Russel, 
Bombay; J. G. Dickey, Constable; P. Ber¬ 
ry, Westvillo; Sidney Raymond, Fort Cov¬ 
ington ; Edmund Sargent, Bangor; Shubal 
Hastings, Brandon; Milton Heath, Dickin¬ 
son; Geo. Churchill, Moira ; Ezekiol Ladd, 
Duane; J. R. Merril, Franklin; P. Miller, 
Harriets town: Jno. Richey, Bellmont; Tim¬ 
othy Beman, Burke. 
Treasurer—II. II. Ilosford. 
Secretary—II. S. House. 
Executive Committee—Wm. Andrus, C. 
C. Keeler. M. L. Parlin, A. Townsond, Ira 
Russell, Wm. Smith, M. M. Roberts, II. II. 
Ilosford, and II. S. House. 
The Jefferson Co. Society—ono of the 
most efficient in tho State or Union — has 
tho following list: 
President— John Winslow, Watertown. 
Vice Presidents—Hiram Dewey, Orleans; 
Wm. Sill, Rodman; Jno. C. Cooper, Adams; 
Bonj. Maxon, Iloundsfield; John Bradley, 
Brownville; Stephen Johnson, Clayton ; P. 
Hardy, Leray; Alex. Parker, Watertown; 
Aaron Shew, Pamella; Asahel W. Danforth, 
Philadelphia. 
Treasurer—Tallcott II. Camp. 
Rec. Sec’y—Hiram Holcomb. 
Executive Committee—John A. Sher¬ 
man, Moses Eames, M. R. Patrick, Alfred 
Fox, S. D. Ilungerford, Jas. Brodie, Howell 
Cooper, Curtis Goulding, Jr., Asa B. Carter. 
Officers for the Cortland Co. Society, 
were rocently elected as follows : 
President— Paris Barber. 
Vice Presidents—Moses Kinney, J. W. 
Rood, Lyman Hubbard, Manly Hobart. 
Treasurer—Morgan L. Webb.. 
Secretary—Erasmus Brown. 
Cor. Sec’y.—Amos Hobart. 
Executive Committee—Israd Boies, Geo. 
J. J. Barber, II. Hopkins, Anthony Freer, 
Joshua Ballard, 2d.. Amos Rice, N. Hitch¬ 
cock, Jr., Hamilton Putnam, Peter Walrod, 
F. II. Hibbard, Hammil Thompson. 
Marshals—Oliver Glover, Ira Bowen, W. 
L. Sherman. 
TnE Oneida Co. Society, elected tho fol¬ 
lowing officers for 1853, ,at their annual 
meeting: 
President— Roland S. Doty, Romo. 
Vice Presidents—Goo. Bristol, Kirkland: 
Thos. R. Walker, Utica. 
Treasurer—Henry R. Hart, Whitostown. 
Secretary—Levi T. Marshall, Vernon. 
Executive Committee—John Thompson, 
Augusta; Thos. D. Penfield, Camden; D. 
G. Drummond, Loe; II. N. Carey, Marcy; 
Henry Rhodes, Trenton; J. W. Jones, Utica; 
G. Benedict, Verona; Jairus Knapp, West¬ 
moreland ; Jas. H. Sherrill, New Hartford. 
Maine Board of Agriculture. —At its 
session, in 1852, the Legislature of the State 
of Maine, passed a law for the organization 
of a State Board of Agriculture. The first 
meeting of that Board, consisting of eighteen 
members, representing Agricultural Socie¬ 
ties, was held at Augusta, on tho 26th of 
January. E. F. Crane, Esq., was chosen 
President, and Dr. E. Holmes, Editor of the 
Maine Farmer, Secretary. Many plans and 
suggestions for the advancement of Agri¬ 
culture were presented; among them plans 
for a model farm, or farms, town clubs, ag¬ 
ricultural instruction in schools, a geologi¬ 
cal and agricultural survey of the State, and 
other subjects bearing upon tho interests 
entrusted to tho Board. The commence¬ 
ment argues well for futuro success. *1“ 
Prince Albert’s Farming. —A Liverpool 
paper givos tho following item of Royal oc¬ 
cupation :—“ We learn that Her Majosty and 
Prince Albert possess several farms in tho 
Islo of Wight, two of which, containing 
about six hundred acres, the Princo farms 
himself. Every recent improvement has 
been introduced into these farms, and steam 
engines are now performing on tj^em vari¬ 
ous agricultural operations. Ilis Royal 
Highness is a thrifty and successful farmor, 
and the results of his skill and superintend¬ 
ence may bo regularly seon at the neigh¬ 
boring markets. The Prince is partial to well trained ox. The ox understands a 
the rearing and fattening of Scotch black moderate tone more perfectly than a bois- 
, i „ torous one, as all sounds become indistinct 
ca °’ _ as they increaso. A command should never 
Winter Fair at Albany.— Those inter- bo given unless enforced. Many bear with 
ested in tho doings of tho State Ag. Society ^ for a long timo a ithout even an 
® ° ./ expression intelligible to them—but when 
ested in the doings of the State Ag. Society ° aQ trick8 ipr a ong time, witnout even an 
, ° , , Y . expression intelligible to them—but when 
should remember that tho annual meeting p a tj enco departs, a thorough storm of blows 
takes place at the Capital, on the 9th inst., ig poured upon them. This is the way to 
and that at tho samo time will be held a ruin every beast; a single blow should be 
winter exhibition of fat cattlo, dressed given for each oftence. 
meats, and poultry. Also, of roots, grain, Bots in Horseg> 
meats, and poultry. Also, of roots, grain, Bots ^ Horgeg< 
seeds, &c. Also, a show of improved poul- „ . 
’ ’ , 1 / The following on the subject of Bots m 
try. We are assured the arrangements are TT . & . „ . . 
J ... Horses, gives some information, new and in¬ 
good and predict an interesting exhibition. .. . , . ’ . , 
Yir 1 .u T-. • * -nr ^ xt x- i tcrosting to most people. Wo copy from 
Wo hope the Fruit of Western New York b i r a ■ 
. . . the Journal of Agriculture: 
will maintain their supremacy, which they 
are sure to do when properly represented. y ears assist « d , b Y Roe > of 
1 1 J 1 . White Plains, JN. we made examination 
_ of a horse that appeared to have died of 
Prices of Fowls.—T he Daily Union says: tho bots. YVe found the cuticular coat of 
m, r, i n ■ .v. .. , the stomach almost entirely covered with 
The fowl fever m this city, continues to thom They woro upon J t he top, and 
rage. We hear of sales of Cochin Chinas U p 0n tho bottom, and upon both sides.— 
at fifteen and twenty dollars per pair.— They worked sido by side, like lazy street 
Those maybe considered high prices, but sweepers; and were in no wise hurried or 
we see it stated by a paper before us, that interrupted in their operations by our ob- 
, , , ,,, , 0 servation. borne were lapped over others, 
at a late cattle show, held at > mit lfield, ag SU(di i n g pig S who get the upper row of 
England—where John Rogers was burned teats are wont to feed. They ate systemati- 
—some pairs brought £40, and ono pair of cally and, as remarked in tho paper quoted 
Cochin China’s brought £50.” below, “they swept clean” as they progress- 
- ed, as a silk-worm cleans a mulberry leaf. 
Revolving Coulters.— A Subscriber at The stomach was alive with these sluggish 
Mt. Morris, wishes to know where this iin- but persevering pests. But that tho horse 
. , . , r p. , i died of tho bots, although there is reason so 
will maintain their supremacy, which they 
are sure to do when properly represented. 
t 
Prices of Fowls. —Tho Daily Union says: 
“ The fowl fever in this city, continues to 
rage. We hear of sales of Cochin China’s 
provement can be obtained. Those he has tQ think> we darc not undertake to say ; for 
seen were originally brought from Massa- the weight of authority is against us, never- 
chusetts, and worked admirably. tlioless, we think he did. * * * 
--—^-- Wo “exhibited” to our subjects a tempt- 
THE AGRICULTURAL PRESS. ing«doso of sweetened milk;—in fact wo 
- submerged a portion of the stomach in milk 
Making and Saving Manure. and molasses, but the adult bot preferred 
“ Com post fr ” fdves in tho Country Gen- tho tri P°> whatever the baby bot might do 
Composter, gives m the Country cen wjth the drink Wo tried an application of 
lleman the following modo of manutactur- sul j>Huric acid, (oil off vitriol ,) to their backs 
ing horse manure and litter, into good, first without preceptible effect. Wo steeped the 
quality of manure, remarking that he has portion of the stomach in tho acid without 
practiced it several years with much satis- afc al1 interrupting their meal. This is ac- 
* . . ^ counted for by tho fact, that the bots are 
faction : coated with mucus, which defends them 
In tho first place, let mo say that my hogs a.gninst tho acid. Finally, we tried apower- 
are confined to the pen, and a small yard in ful burning glass; and either worried out 
the rear of it, nearly tho whole year round, 
(my breeding sows only being allowed to 
by tho protracted fight, or unequal to a con¬ 
test with the sun, thoy gave up tho ghost. 
range in winter.) My horse barn stands j s remedy would bo somowhat difli- 
adjoining tho pen and ono side of the yard. cu j t 0 f administration, with a living horse, 
The manure from the horse stable is thrown and therefore we do not “ patent” it! 
directly into the hog-yard. I he hogs are After the bots are full grown and fairly 
allowed the liberty of tho yard, and so the established, and in operation, they are safe 
horse and hog manure, and the litter of f rom most applications ; for this reason, that 
both, go together. The yard has been clear- a g many of them must bo engaged on tho 
ed so often, that the earth has been taken upper portion of the stomach, medicino can- 
out moro than a loot deep, and it will hold not re ach them, unless tho stomach is kept 
water like a dish; and the water that falls constantly full of tho medical agent,andbe- 
into the yard, with the urine of tho animals, s j dog their mouths aro so deeply buried in 
keeps it well saturated most of tho time. tho business before them, that they will not 
Occasionally wo scatter a few quarts of corn q U ;t it for the most seductive drug, 
over tho yard, and tho whole mass will soon j n v j ew 0 f tho whole matter, wo come to 
bo turned up-side down by the industrious these conclusions. So long as thoro exists 
pigs; and in this way I can liavo it turned a sufficiency of mucus in tho stomach, the 
just when I wish. . _ bots will not attack tho cuticular coat, and 
Tho whole is allowed to remain in the will at tho proper titno bo disengaged, pas- 
yard through the summer, and in tho fall I gcd ou t 0 f the stomach with tho chymo, and 
find it all rich and rotten manure. Ihe evacuated with tho dung, 
hoi’so manure, which otherwise heats and j n ^] 10 commencement of the attack they 
dries so much, and by evaporation loses half ma y be expelled by tho remedy recom- 
its fertilizing properties, without a great mended, (sweetened milk,) or moro easily 
deal of extra labor is bestowed upon it, is j )y g rccn an d succulent food. So long as 
now thoroughly mixed with tho hog manure, they confine themselves to the mucus, their 
and all improved thereby. By a liberal sup- p rese n C o is not dangerous to tho life or 
ply of bedding to both horses and hogs, ono health of tho animal, though they cannot 
may increase this heap to several loads for claimed to bo positively essential to his 
each animal kept. 
comfort and well being. Tho act of eating 
'When straw is not at hand, a resort to the £j 10 cuticular coat is not of itself painful to 
woods for leaves as bedding, is an excellent the j 10 rse, for the coat is insensible; but, tho 
substitute, and they are certainly within the cuticle romoved leaves tho stomach at least 
reach of all. I have drawn several loads of n a },i e to inflammation. At this stago,wedo 
them this fall, and find them good for bed- no j dou bt that fatal effects may follow, 
ding. Any ono who has not tried it, will be Q n the whole, it appears to us as idle to 
surprised to find how easily and quickly sa y that horses do not die of the bots; as to 
thoy aro obtained. deny that children dio of measles or lioop- 
. . I ing cough, because tho casos aro rare, where 
Training Steers. rightly and seasonably treated, they do not 
The following modo of transforming the recover, 
wild and unmanageable steer, into the gen- Savia Liquid” Manure. 
tie and well trained ox is both reasonable _ . 
, . . TIT , x r xu n The Boston Cultivator has tho following 
and instructive. Wo extract from the Coun- . ... . ^ 
valuablo information on this important 
wild and unmanageable steer, into the gen- ga Liquid Manure- 
tie and well trained ox is both reasonable _ . , A u v n 
and instructive. Wo extract from tho Conn- jnformation „„ this importont 
tr yp en J eman ' . branch of farm economy: 
Tho first point is to make them tamo and 
^enile. This mav be accomplished by feed- Wo have often spoken of tho advantage 
ing them out of the hand, and carding them to tho farmer of saving tho urine of his 
daily. They should be approached gently, stock. The substance, though equal in value 
without yelling at them until they are to the solid oxcrements, is in many cases to- 
frightened out of their wits. After having tally wasted. Perhaps the readiest and best 
reduced them to a state of perfect docility, way of saving that from cattlo and horses 
a good yoke should be procured, suitable to during tho winter season, is to have a cel- 
their size and strength. A small pen is ne- lar under thoir stalls, where both tho liquid 
cessarv to put on the yoke ; approach gent- and solid portions of tho manure are do- 
ly with the yoke, patting and speaking gent- posited togother. By this means nothing 
ly to them until you have tho yoke on tho need be lost, and if it is desirable to mix any 
off steer; then lot an assistant drive the other substances with tho manure, it may 
other under tho yoke. Their tails should be very conveniently dono; they may bo 
then be securely fastened, to prevent their spread over tho manuro fiom time to timo 
getting tho habit of turning tho yoke— in just such quantities as are deemed proper. 
They should bo yoked in tho morning, and But there are situations in which tho ad- 
unyoked at night—in this manner, for sev- vantages of cellars cannot be readily ob- 
eral davs until thoy become accustomod to tained. Many farmers aro obliged to occu- 
the yoke. py barns already built, and if they aro not 
The first thino- to teach them is, to stop on tho most approved plan, they must bo 
at tho word of command. This may bo dono turnod to tho host practical use. i ho ani- 
by striking them across tho face ; tho blows mal liquids may be mostly saved ei cn w hci o 
should bo repeated until thoy stop, and then there is no. cellar for tho manure. Absorb- 
discontinued; by striking them for every ants—as litter, muck, charcoal dust—may 
non-observanco of tho word of command, be strewed over tho floors of tho stalls. But 
thoy will soon learn that by stopping they it will bo necessary to have the floors tight, 
will avoid it, and will act accordingly. They or there will be moro or loss loss, 
may bo taught then to “gee” and “haw,” by A modo similar to that just mentioned is 
gently pushing them around. Backingmay adopted by Hon. F. Holbrook, Brattleboro , 
bo taught by beginning with an empty cart Vt., whose judicious management and appli- 
on a side-hill; then on a level; then with cation of .manures, has been an important 
an increasing load until thoy will back near- item in his highly successful farming. Wo 
ly tho samo load they will draw. Thoy had tho opportunity, .a few days since, of 
should never bo put to a load that they can- seeing Mr. Holbrook s arrangements for 
not readily draw, or drilled by prolonged saving manure. He has no cellar; but by 
exercise beyond the poriod when it becomes proper attention saves all the animal ma- 
irksome. Loud and repeated yelling, or tho nure, and by a mixture of other articles, 
use of tho lash, is both cruel and useless, considerably increases tho aggregate value. 
Clear and intelligible, yot low and gentle Ihe floors of his stables are water tight. A 
words, aro all that is necessary to guide a channel is made in the roar of tho platform 
