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VOLUME IV. NO. 8. > 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.- SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1853. 
i WHOLE NO. 
MOOP.B-S RURAL NEW-YORKER. work for them to do, no harvest to reap in twelve inches of soil above them, so that in that way. The freedom and independ- becoming so mueh exhausted that we shall 
Agricultural, Literary and Family Newspaper ' >W ie y ma J P ai icipa o. plowing could not bo more than eight inches ence, the blessing of hoalth, the peaceful hare to give up raising wheat, and are going 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, Young man, remember that “ whatsoever deep without disturbing the drains. But to pleasure of the firesido, the quiet of a rural to be run over by tho great West; the fact is 
with an able coRrs of ASSISTANT editors. hand findeth to do, that do with all thy ia, i SG wheat upon this land it was noeossary home, and an approving conscience, are all we are but just in our infancy: "nor doth 
-— might. Who can tell but that some tho’t, to mix a portion of the subsoil with the soil, tho peculiar profits of tho farmer, too valua- it yet appear what wo shall bo” w'hen tho 
The Rural New-Yorker is designed to b e unique and while driving the plow or pushing tho piano, otherwise the wheat would bo destroyed by j bio to be reckoned by dollars and cents. And true sciencb of agriculture is understood as 
and Variety of Contents, its conductors earnestly labor ma ^ poer \ n u P on tho mmd > wllich > if nurs- tho rust > and in order to save the wheat from to any man who does not value these, or has it ought to be, and I may say will bo, at no 
to make it a Reliable Guide on the important Practical Sub- ed into being and carried out in its effects, tb e rust, the plowing had to be so deep as no tasto for tho bleating of lambs and tho very distant day. 
° f t ' 10Se Wh0Se interests ma y be tIie means of rousing a nation, or to disturb all tho upper stones of the drains; looing of cattle, and can see no beauty in a As to myself, I consider the result of my 
tural, Scientific, BfeehaniML'Litoa^^n^N'ews Matter— even the whole world, to some groat pur- and although they continued to do good good cow, or a good ox, or who may consider fanning operations (though it may be noth- 
interspersed with many appropriate and handsome engrav- l )0se • Then despise not your calling, nor worb; some years after that, they finally got these things beneath his dignity, and that ing more than a fair one.) depending very 
ngs than any other pa per publi shed in this Country. faint in well doing therein, for there “all the Clogged in the winter when the field was in farming “won’t pay,” my advice is, to try much upon two things; first: tho careful 
O’” For Terms, &c., see last page. honor lies.” Explore the recesses of your wheat, and about two acres of the wheat was some other business more agreeable to bis saving, and judicious application of all tho 
-- -• • --— ,. l own mind, withal, and bring out tho native destroyed, and now drains had to be put in taste, for he certainly will find farming an manure of the farm; and second : nersona- 
’ For Terms, &c., see last page. 
11 if nil Efto-ltorkr* 
Progress and Improvement. 
THE DIGNITY OF LABOR. 
ore, purify it of its dross, cast it into coin, before the land could again bo tilled. “uphill business.” 
that it may speed the cause of human pro- A few words upon tho plan reccommond- farm receipts for 1852. 
gross. Go with stout hearts into tho wil- cd for furrowing and ridging undrained 950 bushels of wheat at $ 1 . 12 >£.$1063,75 
derness of unexplored truth and help clear fields. This method of getting rid of the 750 “ of corn at 62j< cents. 468J5 
away tho rubbish of falsehood and error, surplus water was adopted bv myself more : 20 acres of com stalks at $5 per acre. 100,00 
— and open tho rich mines of wisdom yet con- than twenty years ago, but after a few years : 30 tons of clover and timothy hay at $8 240,00 
Luo icti m; auu second : persona- 
attention to the concors of tho farm, believl 
ing in tho old proverb,— 
“ He that by the plow would thrive, 
Himself must either hold or drive.” 
Concerning my management of manure, 
I may give you some account hereafter. At 
I found it advisable to change from six-inch | 210 bu. barley at 62>£ cents. 131,25 present no more. 
There is to tho well-balanced mind, a Yes, you may toil with your hands and plowing and six-inch water-furrows, to ton 
charm, an unalloyed pleasure imparted by Y efc accomplish much of mental toil by a or twelve-inch plowing, and from sixteen to 
well-directed labor. Webster says in ono judicious improvement of your moments, eighteen-inch water-furrows; and after try- 
of his speeches, “It is employment that and such improvement is the more lasting, ing both ways, havo no hesitation in saying 
makes a peoplo happy” and ho expressed effective and valuable. Remember tho words that the latter method is far better than the 
tho noble sentiment of his heart. Look at ot Solomon, that, “Happy is tho man that former, for many reasons. A few I notice, 
tho laborer as ho goes to tho fiold at early dndotb wisdom, and tho man that gettoth Clayey land, plowed in the fall, six inches 
morn. His night’s repose has been refresh- understanding, for the merchandise of it is deop, and a six-inch wator-furrow, will all 
morn, iiis night s repose has been refresh¬ 
ing and invigorating. Tho sun, peeping 
over the eastern horizon, makes tho dew- 
drops among the leaves and blades of grass 
sparkle like a myriad of flashing gems.— 
Tho foatherod songsters are tuning molo- 
dios innumerable. Tho blossoming flowers 
better than the merchandise of silver, and run together, making a mortar bed when 75 wagon loads of of pumpkins at 50c.. 
the gain thereof than fine gold.” wet, and a hard impenetrable soil when dry. Produce of garden and small fruits. 
100 bu. oats 37... 37,50 
Oat, barley, and wheat straw. 50,00 
55 bu. beans at $1,25. 68,75 
15 bu. clover seed at $7. 105,00 
175 bu. potatoes at 31 cents. 54,25 
j 164 barrels of apples sold at $1,25. 205,00 
i 300 bushels “ sold and used by 
family at 25 cents. 75,00 
500 bu. of apples fed to hogs, worth 6 c.. 30,00 
75 wagon loads of of pumpkins at 50c.. 37,50 
wet, and a hard impenetrable soil when dry. Produce of garden and small fruits. 25,00 
and in neither caso can a fair crop be ex- 40 °wt. pork fatted on farm, at $7,50.. 300,00 
100 fat sheep, sold at $3,50. 
19 “ store sheen, sold at $1.62bU.. 
Le Roy, N. Y., February 1st, 1853. 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. 
Fattening Pigs. 
Eds. Rural :—As I have been in tho prac¬ 
tice of fattening spring pigs, for the last fif¬ 
teen years, I send you, by way of trying 
my hand, a few lines on tho subject. Somo 
of my neighbors contend that it is not prof¬ 
itable ; that it takes as much to fatten a pig 
as it does an old hog. I am not ready to 
admit that to be the case, provided the hog 
19 “ store sheep, sold at $1,62!<.._. 30,88 i g made to weigh with the pig in proportion 
600 lbs. wool sold at 39c. 234,00 to his ago. But in order to be successful, a 
1 yoke fat oxen sold for. 134,50 good breed is necessary, and good keeping. 
sparkle like a myriad of flashing gems.— DEEP TILLAGE.— Mil REDPATH’S ESSAY P ec t e d,—whiledeeper plowing and a water- i 1 ' tat saee P> sola at ®3,50. 350,00 o do tno case, provided the hog 
Tho feathered songsters aro tuning molo- - furrow so deep that the water can have a 19 store sheep, sold at $1,62)^- 30,88 is made to weigh with the pig in proportion 
dies innumerable. ^ Tho blossoming flowers Messrs. Editors :—I have read the valu- free passage below the soil will render the 6 °° | b % woolsold afc 39c . 234 -°° t0 his a S°- But in order to be successful, a 
send out their rich aroma and scent tho air able Essay on Draining by N. Davidson soil open, light and friable, and a good crop Lw, , °T s ° ld for --;- 134,50 | good breed is necessary, and good keeping, 
with sweetest perfume. With all these and Eedpath, as far as published in your col- can be expected. Crops will bo much less i V /f'.'-V’ito iT ■ < f!'u <1 - o-’.-n Bor tbe teriu of )’ oars above named, I havo 
a multitude of other surroundings, how else umns > with interest and profit, and yet there affected by wet weather, for the more water 3 “ « ° “ 1 stee'ra sokl -it ^ 75 00 ® au ° ntored but two 0r three pigs, that 
can ho go to his day’s labor than with a aro some of the directions given for con- that passes quickly through the soil, the 1 milch cow sold for ^ 35 50 p a ' G laiien sbor4 200 lbs. at tho age of 
heart overflowing with pleasant thoughts.— structing drains, that to my mind aro quite better; neither will thoy bo affected by dry 1 Durham bull calf, 9 weeks old, sold for 50,00 !° m se, . t!I1 to rdno months, but havo had 
Ho sees a wonderful display of Infinite Wis- objectionable. One or two I will notice— weather. Wheat will bo liable to be injured 2 yearling heifers. * . 35*00 , m we, g h 240, 260 , 275 and 300 lbs. I 
dom in every thing around him, and his Under tho head of “Stone Drains,” tho by tho winter, and also be liablo to rust, 1 work horse sold for. 130,00 8 aughtered six the 16 th of last December 
heart glorifies God for his goodness. Ho writer Bays —“After tho completion of the when the former method is adopted, but lit- 1 three Y ear old colt sold for. 100,00 that avera S ed 2S0 lbs. at the age of eight 
' has drank from the fountain of love and the conduit > tho drain is filled up with small tie danger is to be apprehended from either Received for pasture. 12,75 months and eighteen days, the heaviest one 
moments pass on swiftly and pleasantly— stone to within about twelve inches of the winter or rust if tho latter is practiced. 300 }bs ‘ of butter at 18 K C . 67,50 weighing 312 lbs. 
moments pass on swiftly and pleasantly— stone t0 within about twelve inches of the winter or rust if tho latter is practiced 300 }bs ' of butter at 18 K C . 67,50 
His day’s toil ended, ho re-enters his family surface 5 sods turned with the grass side Deep tillage possesses so many advant- T)’ 7? “1 ^ f8 “ Uy * * 
circle with his mind enriched by the tho’ts d °™> a ™ laid immediately above them to ages over tho common method that it must . J™ “. ^ n0 
of the day, and he reaps a double reward prevent the surface soil from penetrating ere long be more extensively practiced than 75 cords of wood for fuel at $i. 
of happiness and pleasure m both impart- downwards. it is at present, and it would be very unwise Horses for family use. . . 
mg and receiving. Thus ho toils, adding K the above rule is followed in draining to plac0 obstructions in tho shape of drains Premiums rec’d on stock at County Fan 
each day somo new beauty, some useful a heavy soil, or in fact any soil, it will pre- so noar the surface as only to be partially 
idea, some noble thought to his well-stored elude the most important part of good till- benefited by the expensive operation of Total . 
mind, as ho strives for that independence a §°> V1Z -, deep plowing; for if the stones of draining. Therefore, all drains should be FARM expenses for 1852. 
which is both physical and mental. He tp o drain aro within twelve inches of the placed at least two feet below the surfaco I uterest on capital in farm, 205 acres 
spurns tho idea of living upon tho earnings surface, and tho covering, whatever it may w h 0 n the situation of tho ground and the at $ 75 . 
of another, whilst his heart and hand is ever be > s stiP above that, it would not be safe to character of tho soil will possibly admit Interest on $2,000 in stock and tools.... 
open to relieve tho unfortunate. Other oc- disturb tho soil more than seven or eight Troy, Mich., 1853. linus cone. ' axes . 
cupations bring their trains of thought and inches deop, which is entirely too shallow to --—-- mvn tlme .. 
development, loading to tho same great end. prevent tho crops from being injuriously af- FARMING A PAYING BUSINESS. Depreciation of firming tools. 
It may bo asked why aro not all those footed by the extremes of wet and‘dry Mr. Editor .-IM^this head appeared . 
Who toil, happy? Ono reason may bo given weather. Heavy soils must be plowed at an article and a statement of farming ac- 1 farm horse 
that wealth is made tho great end and aim least ten inches deep, to ensure a healthy, counts, in No. 158 of the New-Yorker, from 1 -dry cow." . " 
ot their existence, and their whole powers vigorous growth to crops, especially in an the pen of my good friend and neighbor, D. Blacksmith’s bill. 
ages over sue common metnoa tnat it must « “ to tenant 
ere long be more extensively practiced than 75 cords of wood for fuel at $1 . 
it is at prosent, and it would bo very unwise Horses for family use. 
to place obstructions in the shape of drains Premiums rec’d on stock at County Fair 
so noar the surface as only to be partially . 
benefited by the expensive operation of ° ta reccIpts .. 
Total receipts.$4593,25 
FARM EXPENSES FOR 1852. 
Interest on capital in farm, 205 acres 
at $75.$1076,25 
Interest on $2,000 in stock and tools.... 140,00 
Taxes. 30,00 
My own time. 400,00 
FARMING A PAYING BUSINESS. Depreciation of farming tools. 100,00 
-- 100 wethers, average cost $ 1 , 62)2 . 162,50 
Mr. Editor : L ndor this head appeared 1 yoke of working oxen. 100,00 
an article and a statement of farming ac- 1 farm horse. 120,00 
counts, in No. 158 of the New-Yorker, from l*dry cow. 17.50 
have fallen 6 hort of 200 lbs. at the age of 
50 oil ^ r0tn sevon to n ' uo months, but havo had 
35 00 them We ’ gh 24 °’ 2(J °’ 275 and 300 lb3 ‘ 1 
30 00 slau S btered six tb « 16th of last December 
00 00 that averaged 280 lbs. at the age of eight 
12,75 mon tbs and eighteen days, the heaviest one 
67,50 weighing 312 lbs. 
32,87 My rule is to keep no more than I can 
75,00 keep in a thriving condition, except such as 
30,00 are kept lor breeding, which should be kopt 
75.00 in good condition, but not fat. One of my 
20,00 neighbors that disapproves of fattening pigs, 
JUIO has this season killed nine hogs, that were 
93,25 n °t Par from eighteen months old, which 
averaged 244 lbs., the heaviest one weighing 
280 lbs., being the same as my pigs aver- 
76 °5 a S ed - Another killed six, which had been 
4 q’oo wintered over, that averaged 266 lbs., as I 
30,00 was informed. I keep a dairy of sixteen 
00,00 cows, and feed my pigs what whey they will 
Depreciation of farming tools. 100,00 eat, and a little corn, to keep them in shape, 
Blacksmith’s bill. 23,35 
aie mainly directed to tno accomplishment extreme drouth, and if the earth was stirred p. Kneeland. The assertion is daily made ^ asb P a * d tor blbor b Y tbe montb . 204,00 
of this sordid desire. Tho mind is thus do- twice ton inches deep in most cases, it would by intelligent farmers, that farming does not “ “ b ? the da y> i ob aad 
based and made to grovel in tho dust while b « far bettor. At least that has proved to pay un dor tho present high prices of land chopping. 92,83 
they strive for the power to turn every thing bo tho case in cultivating the heavy soil that and labor That it does not in very many Use of thrashing machine. 37,68 
theytouch into gold. Thus the Creator’s constitutes my farm. instances, is very certain, but tho cause is Wa Sf* of girl iu house, one year.... 65,00 
( esigns aie attempted to be frustrated; Again, the writer speaks of tile drains be- generally quite apparont. The truth is r. <• 1 v ,. °uiteeu wee at $ 1 . 
hence their minds, instead of being a gar- ing laid two feet deep, and one foot of gravel very few farmers know, with any kind of sTm 
h" ST “° d ^ th ° f U1 -n 8ma ^ stones phiced above the tile, and certainty, how the account stands with for 50,00 
. b v . 1 L lsa P p ® Hltme nt, till then adds:— This will allow a sufficient them, having never kept any account of 3 tons of shorts at $10. 30,00 
Kj ecome esoi so b as ted hopes, over depth of soil above, for tho operation of sub- their farming receipts and expenses. Such Hay.com stalks, straw, pumpkins, and 
v nc 1 muj swoop tie pestilential winds of soil plowing. Now, this Ido not under- persons probably would bo very much dis- grain fed out on farm. 515.00 
“ “ by the day, job and 
chopping. 92,83 
Use of thrashing machine. 37,68 
Wages of girl in house, one year. 65,00 
“ “ fourteen weeks at $1. 14,00 
Board of laborers. 178,50 
very few farmers know, with any kind of ] 64 apple barrels at 33cts.5442 
certainty, how tho account stands with Incidental expenses for repairs, &c . 50,00 
162.50 until September, and then increase the corn, 
100,00 as the slops diminish. The neighbors allud- 
120,00 0 d to, keep dairies, of about twenty-five 
17,50 COWS) aiK i are j n as favorable circumstances 
204 00 f ° r fattenin S p°rk, as I am, and as they 
’ sometimes ask the question, if I think it is 
90 g3 profitable to fat pigs, if they aro not satis- 
3 -’ 68 fied with tho above, I will simply say, that 
65,00 J cannot afford to keep a hog ten or twelve 
14,00 months for nothing.—S. G. B., Verona, JY. 
178.50 E., Fob^V ! lS53. 
Such | Hay, com stalks, straw, pumpkins, and 
much dis- 
for repairs, &c . 50,00 New Disease in Cattle.—Inquiry. 
.0. 30,00 Eds. Rural New-Yorker :—A disease of 
raw, pumpkins, and late prevails among tho cattle, which is new 
grain fed out on farm. 515.00 to me and my neighbors. It first appears 
es, <fcc., for seed- 101,00 as a swelling over the left kidney, close to 
r seed, $5. li.SO the back bone; puffs up liko a water blis- 
*. d,00 ter, or more like wind. When the hand is 
Lain, ptoduce, <fcc. b ’ bb laid on it, it will apparently move — is very 
.$ 3,539 23 s °ft> and tho animal appears to bo in pain 
■ of Farm. 1 054 02 wben touched on tho swelling. They are 
nterest of more than 13 aIso ver . v thirsty—have noticed their going 
ISob U, examples to excite withm us a love face plowing. think tho number of farms that “dent pa," ° Sura " c<! bam ' produce> _W wd on itj it wiU apparently movo-is very 
,! „ " 1 * .". J ° tUI UU u ' cl y turn. It is evident that the authors mothod of would bo very much reduced. I do believe Total expenses.$3,539 23 soft, and the animal appears to bo in pain 
iea i eet s .no not accomp is lei, noi do mo draining is based upon a system of shallow this to be a very great auxiliary to successful Balance, in fnvnr of Farm 1 nu no when touched on tho swelling. They are 
™ TI,T"mT, 8 ' T P * t , iUag6 ’, f a ,f again ' in hiS . plan ° f an un - farmins ' Such * « » P- K.’s, This shows an interest oi mole !han n also very thirst,-hare noticed their going 
Is ^ a ism.imc 'O) tie chained icld, ridged and furrowed, allows coming as it does, from ono who keeps tho percent, on all capital invested besides to tho watering trough four or five times a 
7i l ZTJ Z t l : th f e i l0ri6S S he »° only six inches deep. •• documents,” states what he knows, and is paying mo $400 per year for m, In time day-chews its cud regular, eats with a good 
dont ° Il&in ° gaZC ° 110 dl ~ am ^ l11 aware that it would bo extremely m every qualified to judge in the premises, Forty acres of this land is timbered, so that appetite, discharges some from the eyes and 
T k !nVnnf x. , . . d lfllcul t to form a set of rules for draining goes very far to show what may bo done in only 165 acres is actually improved, and 30 nose; its coat rather rough. Pass the hand 
an( i bro-id .•Inth^/h -™ 01 . 0 ” 1011 ° S ^!' C 1 lat woutd bo applicable to all the different tho way of improving our system of agricul- of this 1 bought a few years since when it over the hair, it lies smooth readily, but 
labor is' undignified that^ho^n nf H aml Sltuatl0 » 8 > and have not made tho turo,and the consequent profits of the farm, was considered worn out, and would yield rises again in a few minutes. The animal 
i , , , g ’ 1 1 0 1 10 a vo lemaiks with a dosire to criticise, but Boforo seeing his articlo, I had hastily scarcely enough to nay for tilling it anil the m a nifests much uneasiness—licks itself, es- 
and, the heart, the head, is possessed of have been prompted to do so by dear-bought prepared a statement of my own farming pecWly on the swelled parts. The swell- 
stand up 1 liko God m y i ° UrS1 y " < J tl ° n8 “" d experi J )nce - A llUl ° of that experience I operations, thinking to place it at your dis- harvesting,—not being considered worth it. in S> in tw0 or threo days, leaves the back 
stand up like God-made men and labor d,h- will relate. Sixteen years ago I employed posal, at some convenient opportunity. I This part of the farm is now eoual to any a *d works down the side towards tho flank. 
W izfz “ r ft T* ,r " h ° pr °- d ° not ciai,u my J ^;»^, t p i M „... ta d >,,, 
moral,mentul anil nhvaical ex^llene. N„ Zl 1Z ZTl “ “I ~ nnitntion, still more in future. I expect greater pro- composed of Timothy Red-top White clov. 
\ nmk not ’ tb on, yo mere men of starch that would bo applicable to all the different tho way of improving our system of a^ricul- 
and broad-cloth, of hair and smoke, that soils and situations, and have not made tho turo, and the consequent profits of the farm, 
labor is undignified, that tho toil of tho above remarks with a dosire to criticise, but T, '' r — — T . 
This shows an interest of more than 13 a ^ so ver y thirsty—have noticed their going 
per cent, on all capital invested, besides t0 tbo watering trough four or five times a 
paying mo $400 per year for my own timo. da Y—chews its cud regular, eats with a good 
Forty acres of this land is timbered, so that appetito. discharges some from the oyes and 
only 165 acres is actually improved, and 30 nose; its coat rather rough. Pass the hand 
of this 1 bought a few years since when it °ver the hair, it lies smooth readily, but 
was considered worn nut and wnnlH \nnlrl rises again in a few minutes. The animal 
_ My fatting cattle are fed on low land hay. 
Z-;Z:T,;'T to i a l "° | l r :l ' stat “ "* fusscl1 •" understand tho business, to putin anything superior or worthy of imUation, still more in future I cxpectLircater pro- composed of Timothy, Red-top, White clov- £ 
rsn ■ somo r°. , up r'* wotpioc °° f -><• *«->,*«. and on 
thoir hands with °ten°nor think^thtwo’iTnn ® r0 “ Ql ^ contaIn mg about two acros. Those business. Besides the profits in cash, tho that class of farmers that seppose the land meal. Thinking tho oil meal might bo the 
’ ' I rams wyr0 ,i! ' s0 a3 t0 oavo licV about farm has other profits not to bo computed of Western Now York is ruuning out, and cause I loft off feeding it, but in a few days S 
