VOLUME IV. NO. 10. r 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.- SATURDAY, MARCH 5 , 1853. 
1 WHOLE NO. 106. 
IViOORiLi’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: cabbage if you have an amplo supply—a few and thereby gives an additional value to 
a quarto weekly carrots—for carrots aro an excellent article tlio product. 
Agricultural, Literary ami family Newspaper , ,, • ,. , ,, , , T1 _ , . 
• at this season for both cows and sheep. Be- The practice of the Belgian farmers, ac- 
sides taking care of the animals before- cording to Mr. Geo. Nichols, in his Report 
_ mentioned, your fowls will require more on Belgian Husbandry, laid before the British 
The Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unique end s P ( 'cial attention. If they are cooped they Parliament, is to stall-feed all their cattle 
beautiful in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purity should be well fed and permitted to have within doors during the whole year, and 
and Variety Of Contents, its conductors earnestly labor access to the ground or should otherwise be carefully collect all their urine into subter- 
to make it a Reliable Guide on the important Practical Sub- . ° J c v w 
jects connected with the business of those whos^ interests su pphcd with gravel; their coops, or places ranoous vaults of brick-work. These Urinu- 
it advocates, it embraces more Agricultural, Horticui- of abode, should bo limo-washed in order to ries, of course, correspond in size with tlio 
turai, Scientific Meclumical, Literary and News Matter- destroy tho vermin. They should bo fed extent of the farm and the number of live 
ngs — than any other paper published iii this Country. COTO, buckwhOilt, boiled pot&tOCS, and Stock kept upon it. 1 1 ho SITlclllGSfc, howGVBI*, 
occasionally on fresh meat. will hold a thousand barrels of thirty-eight 
rgr For Terms, &c., see last page. The wood-pile should bocut and split and gallons each ; and in that quantity from two 
v N, v " ' A ~ “ piled up in tho wood-houso tho fore part of to four thousand cakes of rape seed, weigh- 
' v I 4 | S'i*}-.T fV the month—for no prudent and provident ing two pounds oach, will be mixed. About 
(vji'l IU U-v Ul v ♦ husbandman who desires pleasant days with- 2,480 gallons are generally allowed by the 
____ in doors will neglect to have a good supply of Flemish farmer, to the English acre. It is 
Progress and Improvement, dry wood alvva, y s on hand. no uncommon thing for tho Dutch and Bel- 
— _ Manures should be moved for top dress- gian farmers to throw water upon their 
MARCH,—FARM AFFAIRS. ings before the frost is out of the ground, if dung heaps, after fermentation, and these 
- this work has not already been performed, washings are alone carried to the hold.— 
ngs—than auy other paper published in this Country. 
^ TW " For Terms, &c., see last page. 
I'hr-i 
Progress and Improvement. 
MARCH - FARM AFFAIRS. 
“ Thotj variable Tyrant of tlio year! 
March ! in thy snow or frosty vestment clad, 
Or making Nature weep a general tear, 
Tiiou hast some attributes which make us glad— 
Thou bring'st the sunny April showers more near. 
And therefore do we take thy embassy, 
Rude as it is, to be precursor sent, 
Saying: ‘At length the seasons do relent, 
And flowery May all joyous ye shall see!’ 
Mild zephyr soon will kiss the buds and flowers. 
And through the disentangled woods and bowers 
Breathe his warm breath upon the waiting things, 
That long to have their winter-closed springs 
Unlocked as throat of tuneful bird that sings.” 
March was the first month of tho ancient 
EMERY’S REAPER AND MOWER COMBINED. 
For description, and further illustrations of this recent invention, see next page. 
haps can give soino light on the subject.— j aftor treatment, but having written a more 
Fences may bo put in order toward the last Tlio straw and other matter which remain ^ be P ban * ias P ro P ose d answer only lengthy article on the various hedge plants 
of the month—trees should bo transplanted after theso washings, thoy apply as manure 011 a sma ^ sca ‘ e - f° r reasons,—risk in than I intended, I fear now to trespass on 
if not done lust autumn—a fow early pota- for potatoes. While the utility of this lat- trans pl ant * n g, and the yast labor to collect your reader’s time, and will take some fur- 
it not done last autumn—a fow early pota- for potatoes. While tho utility of this lat- 
toos, peas and a few other early garden vogo- tor method is exceedingly questionable, yet 
tables should be planted, if the weather any system by which tho urine can be saved 
will permit. You remember how well you must receive the unqualified approbation of 
were pleased last season with early vegeta- every enlightenod cultivator of the soii. 
bles. If you would enjoy them again, got 
your ground in readiness as soon as it will 
ter method is cxcecdimdv questionable yet plants and tianspoit them fiom the wools thei oppoitumty so to do,only,as now is the 
any system by which the urine can be saved and 8wam P s t0 tho P lace of P lantin S* season for hedge planting, I will add a word 
must receive the unqualified approbation of 3d. Locust. This, I think, may make a °* caution. It a hedge is wished for that 
every enlightenod cultivator of the soii. quick and effective fence, but rather un- w ill be impervious to dogs, fowls, cats, &c., 
In Scotland, it has been ascertained that si S htly for ornament The common locust a ™id a double rowed hedge —for beauty, 
the quantity of liquid given by one cow is unfit from its root rambling and undying, compactness, and durability, a single hedge, 
rhat long t)° have their wiuter-ctoscd springs do and put in the seed—with-hold not bv daily is 24 gallons or about 450 trallnns in sucker-increasing propensities; but I am 
Unlocked as throat of tuneful bird that sings.” r „ , , . , , - *2 gauuub, 01 UDOUt, -±oU gallons in / , . . 
March was the first month of tho ancient reaS ° n ° f th ° C ° Id ’ UnleSS the earth be real ~ six months 5 but if fed upon turnips one cow told tho dwarf > or hed S° locusfc > 13 innocent 
Roman Calender-and so named in honor ly frozen> Perform erery work in season; will give a gallon of urine for every twelve ^ regard to these evils-as all plants proper 
of Mars, worshipped by the Romans as tho ?°. shal1 yOU P ros P or and be ha PPy» thou S h pounds consumed. It has also been proved for hed S es should be * 
god of war—also supposed to bo tho tutelar ** * s y om lot to toil. w. by experiment, that an ordinary sized per- 4 th. The Norway Spruce. This has also 
sucker-increasing propensities; but I am I know from experience, to be far superior 
told tho dwarf, or hedge locust, is innocent to a double one. 
in regard to these evils—as all plants proper I place my plants fifty to the rod —one 
for hedges should be. thousand will plant twenty rods — this, in 
deity of the city of Rome. By the heathen 
Saxons it was called Rhedmonth, in hour 
of their goddess Rhoda; and by tho Christ¬ 
ian Saxons, Lentmonth, signifying spring- 
month. 
AN ESSAY ON LIQUID MANURES. 
BY N. DAVIDSON REDPATH. 
IN THREE PARTS. — PART FIRST. 
The valuo of tho urine of animals, as a 
by experiment, that an ordinary sized per- 4th - The Norway Spruce. This has also lQ ur or five years will make a formidable 
son will pass daily half a gallon of urine, been recommended, and I surmiso from the barrier, provided care bo taken to replace 
which when diluted with water* would, ac- sanie causo that a certain horticulturist, a defective plants the first two years. I begin 
cording to tho Flemish method, be sufficient *’ ew years since recommended the Buck Pointing in October, and continue to plant 
to enrich half a rood of ground every year. Thorn, the recominonder having too heavy as lon S as the ground is open enough through 
It ought to bo well known, that urine of a stock for market on hand. Norway the winter, until the last of May—the earlier 
evervkind. when Dronerlvdiluted with throft Spruce sown into fence boards, I doubt not. planting is the best, as the plants are less 
cloudy to sunny, long ago established its 
character for great fickleness. 
Tho temperature, as already remarked, 
is very variable—ranging from zero, and 
attention of the Agricultural community of 
Great Britain about the commencement of 
the present century. A Scotch farmer by 
tho name of Alexander, near Peobles, was 
tho first to direct the public attention to this 
Humphrey Davy, “ before being applied ; persons, I tried it on the advice of others, 
bocause it contains too large a quantity of and without due reflection. Can it bo sup- 
animal matter to form a fluid nourishment posed that a plant, a native of tho torrid 
sometimes below, to 70 or more above.— important branch of rural economy. In 
for absorption by tho roots of plants.” Al¬ 
though there is a difference of opinion ro- 
Tho average mean, however, will not vary 
much from 40—probably a little below in 
this latitude. Tho evaporation is usually 
1812, Mr. Alexander, through tho medium S arc bng the state in which it ought to boap 
of tho Farmers’ Magazine, addressed a letter P bed w * tb greatest advantage, yet it is uni 
of tho Farmers’ Magazine, addrossed a letter 
to tho well known Sir John Sinclair, in 
zone, can be suitable for hedges in this oft 
inclement climate ? I think not—and in no 
case have I seen success result from its 
adoption. I am sorry it is so; the plant is 
this the workman finds plants, prepares the 
ground, grading and removing obstructions 
excepted, looks after the plants, supplies 
dead or defective ones, if necessary, and 
gives up tho hedge at the expiration of the 
season in growing condition — but he is not 
answerable for injury to the hedge by tres- 
versally conceded, with Sir Humphrey, that formidable enough in all conscience, to make !>a ' 1’ our J eai * guioialh be sufficient 
very great, generally exceeding the tall of which ho describes a series of well conducted “ ifc contains the essential elements of vege- a hog grunt and turn tail — but so it is, our 
rain and snow. This month is not unfre- experiments regarding his method of col- wtuw ” a Ul suuu U1 6 ° luuou * 
quently accompanied with sovereand shitting looting and applying it. He commenced, # in general these receptacles are forty feet long, four- 
snow-storms. ~ ho says by digging a pit or cistorn con- teen fect wide ’. lind seven or oi s ht feet (!ee P> '™>‘ 
Vegetation not unusually begins to show tio-uous to the feedin<r-stall thirty six feet TT t0 recelve the a ™for°ther ingredients, and an- 
. . ^ t Li^uu . lu L11 ° loeumg Stall, xmrey SIX ioet other to pump it up by. The best constructed ones are 
indications ol life toward die close of tho square, and four feet deep, (surrounded on generally divided into compartments with valves to admit 
month. Tho robin, blue-bird and red-wing- all sides by a wall,) tlio solid contents of tholil 3 ui<1 from 0,10 division into another; as it is found 
eri hlnekhiivl usnallv l • l ... , , , , . , that age and fermentation add to its efficacy. When these 
6(1 blackbird usually make then advent which ivere one hundred and ninety-two tanks are built separately from .he feeding sum, a circular 
during tlio foie pait oi the month. I he yards. This pit ho filled with loamy earth form would be an improvement, 
earth-worms make their appearance to- taken from tho surface of some adjoining * 
wards the last. So do some species of the field under cultivation, and with tho urine, HEDGE FLANT 3 '~ TI1 2 HAWTHORN, 
butterflies and some other insects. conducted by a sower from tho interior of Editors Rural : — In the various Agri- 
The farmer now begins, to feel that tho tho building, he saturated tho whole from cultural papers of the day I perceive symp- 
uays of us comparative leisure have nearly top to bottom. Tho quantity convoyed to toms of apprehension in regard to the'lack 
ended and those ot labor, and care and it he estimated at about 800 p-allnns. Thn nf tkr <^,1 or, 
tables a in state of solution.” 
»Iu general these receptacles are forty feet long, four- solls ^ leaves Out llkO 
teen feet wide, and seven or eight feet deep, with one plants are quite large, 
aperture to receive tho urine or other ingredients, and an- - , -r, . . 
winters are too severe for it, and in clay 
soils it leaves out like clover, even when the 
6 th. Privet. This is a plant well adapted 
to make an ornamental hedge, easily raised. 
all sides by a wall,) tlio solid contents of thoh( i uld from 0,10 division luto another; as it is found retains its foliage a long timo, looks well 
, 11 , , . that age and fermentation add to its efficacy. When these , , , , , . , 
which were one hundred and ninety-two tanks arc built separately from , he feeding sum, a circular whcn bai ° of ^aves, and grows m almost 
yards. This pit he filled with loamy earth form would be an improvement. any soil. 
taken from tho surfaco of some adjoining --* 7th. Willow. I know of no situation 
field under cultivation, and with tho urine, HEDG-^ PLANT S. TH E HAWTHORN. where this useful plant could bo used to 
conducted by a sewer from tlio interior of Editors Rural: _In the various Agri- advantage for hedging. Cattle and sheep 
tho building, he saturated the whole from cultural papers of the day I perceive symp- aro to ° lond of brousing it. 
top to bottom. Tho quantity conveyed to toms of apprehension in regard to tho lack 8th. White or Hawthorn. This plant 
it he estimated at about 800 gallons. The of timber for fences, and an occasional pen answers in all situations where the apple 
to allow of its being thrown open, and each 
succeeding year will add to its strength and 
efficiency. w. m. b. 
Skaneateles, N. V., Febuary 9th, 1S53. 
MY EXPERIENCE- NO. 1. 
Potatoes. 
A few years since I procured from a 
friend, some pure “Mercer” potatoes, which 
I planted in my garden for family use.— 
With the exception of the usual small fibrous 
where this useml plant could bo used to stripes of red, they were purely white, and 
advantage for hedging. Cattle and shecq 
very fine for tho table. I continued to raise 
them in my garden some three or lour years 
—other kinds were also planted in the gar- 
don, such as tho red, yelloiv, and English 
_ - v - — to J ...“v Mv.vuv.v.. wx uv.hu J vxxx, o, ~ ~ --^ ..... ^ ^ ouuiu cicti r. c. au , cviivc mu Lilli' i uc lyuuu 
. no im season vi .. a new oppoitumty to carts; he spread torty ot these on each acre, to tho making of hedges and raising hedge a good fence. I have one now, planted four planting produced potatoes which wore al- 
impuno upon 10 aooi ani experience of so that in five months, and from fourteen plants. years ago the coming season, that is fit to most wholly blue. So much so that ono of 
ie pas , am so p oaso nmse a little bccter c if tie, a compost was produced sufficient to I will begin with the Buck Thorn, so throw open, and I shall do so in the spring, my laborers found fault with them, and said 
1- C1 10 • U . l .V Vri " UC ' i • • ^ ort ^ ze seven acres ot land. Mr. Alexan- highly recommended by theorists. No doubt Nurserymen and others, I know, are much that they “ did not look fit to eat”—at the 
, ‘‘ ^ : . VKM ° 1 nir>ld 1 _ con? i s ts of deii states further, that tor tho ten years in some localities the Buck Thorn may an- opposod to the use of this plant for hedges, same time, saying that he would “let me 
\;° n " !*V intIltl0I1G< - tno ^ iSt ’ during which he had tried the experiment, he swer well, but I never saw a hedge made of The reason is they know not how to plant have a few pure white Mercers for seed. I 
* r< ^ lU< \ . 1 ' S 1U ' St0C "' '°" S aud bad indiscriminately used in the same field, it that was satisfactory. I have seen some it, or howto manage it after it is planted. | received from him some twelve or thirteen, 
Lw°s,reqmi mg si moieugian. care and oither tho rottod cow-dung or tho saturated that were considered good, in the town of Few, very few of thoso who come from which were certainly of as pure white color 
atmmion. rhn.r rhAv nrn - n/»r. am u __ j n .i . a « . 7 w J 
j? ‘ U " , ,. ,. , . as ms Dost putrescent manures. I am much of tho English farmer’s senti-J be considered. One thing I will assert, with-I 4 roils of space intervening betweon the 
,, ]° ^ unn t> ’’ s mon 1 P Gl init 5 0111 Sinco the period above roforred to, a more ment, “ its naught for fenco,” but 1 am will- out fear of contradiction. I have raised tho I patches. For tho purposo of making the 
i . U '-F I!™* ^ 0lu g ia ^s- an ,t ius correct knowledge has been attained, by the ing it should havo a trial — it may suit some, Hawthorn hedge and plant to greater per- most of my seed I cut the potatoes before 
^ snau aL j IC1U _ cl,n S 11 unoven. p tactical farmer, ot the value of liquid though my neighbors who have tried it, at fection hero, than I ever knew it in England, planting. Thoy were well cultivated, with 
: dimiA s 10a 1 j 1 possible, havo water manures, with their various appliances and great expense, are tired of it. Furthermore, tho White Hawthorn is per- my own hands, and grow well. But, to my 
oi ns s to ck in tit. yaul, or \my near tho methods of composting. Science has shown 2d. Cedar. This, I think, may answer fectly hardy, retains its foliage, which is a surprise, when I dug them in tho fall, there 
kirn, nmining \\ ate i is always preferable that muck from swamps and marshes, or well on some soils, but whether it will an- beautiful rich green, quite late in the fall, was not a white potato among them. Every 
1 m° U C | in ° bbllU * L— kut otherwise, dig a other matter replete with aquatic or vege- swer in all, is a question with mo that ro and when stripped of loaves has a substan- one of them was blue, and very blue, too — 
7* .o n ur?WH d - P TT° ^ tbus SU P" substances, are better than mere earth, quires solving; also how plants are to be tlal and comely appearance. much more so than any of those which I 
b *' ?° m 1 mstIn & 101 " 3 * as fc ^ e urine acting on the fibrous matter propagated for tho purpose — your corres- When I commenced, I intended to have had previously grown in my garden, or else- 
liy ° lat lc ‘ scaico uso u ^Llo meal promotos decomposition and fermentation, pondent in tho Rural of tho 5th inst., per-1 described some of my modes of planting and where. 
as his host putrescent manures. 
I am much of tho English farmer’s senti- 
1,1 , , 111 -- J ** M *viV HO lJUUl'in lUUUUj UUl A UU1 » III- UUO A'ICia Ul UUUIIUUI 
. a 10 ia,l P UU I )oui guiss un , t ius coirect knowledge has been attained, by the ing it should havo a trial — it may suit some, Hawthorn hedge a: 
.(a 11 U, leswaii ai.. ilih cimg it unoven. piactical farmer, ot the value of liquid though my neighbors who have tried it, at fection hero,than I 
.' eiy s 1011 1 , >f possible, lu\ o water manures, with their various appliances and eu-eat oxnense. are tired of it. Furthermore, tho 
