MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
This strange freak of nature completely I think not with the same beneficial effects 
upset all my preconceived notions, that after a few applications, hence there seems 
«like would always produce like,” or that a necessity for supplying its place in part by 
“ every tilling would produce its kind. I some other fertilizer. 
could not, at first, imagine how the change of W(j ^ bad a 7^ ually open winter, 
color was effected. If there was any mixing _ one favoraWo for st0 ck as regards 
n .1 cc . 77 I* X*..-in 
ing spaco,) yet it was scarcely possible that 
every one of these potatoes could have been 
changed by that cause—and to a color too, 
our stock was reduced by selling off in the 
fall. I think the scarcity of fodder is like¬ 
ly to do good in some respects; for instance, 
' '' ^ ~> 
(Hue,) which was not found either m ttie cutting feed has been “all the rage” here, 
seed or produce of any of the other pota- an(] ifc ig a practico 110t to be abandoned af- 
toes. Satisfied that the cause of the change ter a thorough tria l._A. B., Salem, Wash¬ 
ington County, J\\ Y. 
must bo looked for in some other connec¬ 
tion, I immediately set my philosophy to 
work to find it out. The soil of my garden 
was originally, in part, “ black muck, ’ or 
ject to a master, until it is taken off. Never 
feed them in the yoke, unless it bo a nubbin 
of corn from the hand, or something of the 
kind. 
Any man who is fit to break steers, will 
get a yoke handy in two lossons as above, of 
half a day each. But they must learn to 
lay out their strength by degrees ; and the 
best way to do this is to work them with 
other cattle, in the middle or behind. This 
is a very good courso to pursue, perhaps as 
good as any. Those who have tried it fairly 
and faithfully, always break their steers in 
this way. Two years old is young enough 
to commence the process ; and when com¬ 
menced, let it bo carried out by yoking, dri¬ 
ving, and working every day, if possible, for 
some succeeding weeks. 
After all, few rules can bo given which 
will be of any use, unless a man has the will 
Abortion in Cows. 
Ens. Rural :—I noticed in No. 163, an in- 
EOEY'S REAPER ASP MOWER COMBINED — IKE MOWER. will be of any use,^anloss a manhas the will 
. lx/.. , ,i i -i to study the instincts of his animals; the 
The accompanying engravings represent divider is made to fit round the under side M tQ find out tho instincts and tho com _ 
the general construction and principal de- ot the wrought iron cutter beam the beam mon scnge t0 treat t h em as animals governed 
tails ot an invention o I . j. .ai . y, iron rolled into a sort of trough with their ^ ' _ J * 
vcgetablo mould. My potatoes were usually quiry as to chess causing abortion in cows, tails ot an invention o -• j. tiMLRv, o iron rolled into a sort of trough with their 
planted in that kind of soil in which I sup- j cannot say but that chess may have that ban Y’ of a Rea P in S and Mowin S Machino ’ concave faces placed together, and then 
posed there might very probably be some effect _i t is a thing I am little acquainted combined in one. Its main features will ap- firmly riveted thus forming a hollow beam. 
° o 1 /• . .. ii. . _—_+ Ac will nn mit lmnnrtonf. rftnrfiBAnt.flT.inn 
impregnation of iron in one or tho other of 
its various forms. That, combining with 
T , ® a /• l-ii i- near from the cuts and description. As will An enlarged but imperfect representation 
I was educated from a child, a dairy P car * 10na a ' •, J w ; th „ driver’s of the divider is shown in fig. 3. 
farmer, and now have forty-two cows, and leadily be seen, it s] ‘ 
y that I have had experience in seat and wheels, independent of the machine 
ease, for the last two years, that ex- itself, but attached by hinges in such a man- 
mvfbino- T fivftr hoard of before — ner as to a,low an oas y act,on and ad,USt ‘ 
thojuicoof the potato, wherein is contained can gay that j lia vo had experience in soat and wheels, independent of tire maemne 
all the elements of fermentation, when suf- this disease, for the last two years, that ex- itsclt > but attached by hinges m such a man- 
fieient heat is supplied, had caused the ceeds anyt bing I ever heard of beforo.— ner as to allow an oas > T actl()n and ad j USt ' 
change of color. I had, many years since, Lagfc yoar in a dairy of f ort y-two cows sev- mont > whiI ° this method does awa y entire1 ^ 
been informed that light sandy soils would 
produce whiter wheat, rye, and other grains, 
en slipped their calves, and up to the pres¬ 
ent time this year, nine more. Nor am I 
than heavy clay soils. But, until tho ex- a i one j n this loss; many of my neighbors 
periment was thus tried, I was not prepared su ff or equally as bad, and even worse than 
to oxpect that a black vegetable mould m y Se if, One of my neighbors, last year, 
would change tho color of ichite potatoes to j og £ fourteen in a herd of thirty-five, 
that of a deep blue. IIii.l. With resnect to myself. 1 can safely say 
with all tho side draft. 
Tho machine itself is provided with a 
largo main wheel, being about forty inches 
Through this hollow beam a shaft is pass- 
How to Produce the Potatoe Rot. 
Mr. Joel Blew, of Md., contributes two 
articles to tho Christian Advocate and Jour¬ 
nal, on “ the culture and disease of potatoes.” 
Wo have seon many articles on preventing 
tho rot, and for a chango. will give one on 
tho means ot producing it: 
To bring tho rot on tho potato takes mo 
about three years, if I start right. 1 take 
dace through tho best magni- 
If all is right it will look like a 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. tnat ( 
_ sists 
Poland Oats.—Potato Seed. little 
Friend Moore The Poland, a new and been 
With respect to myself, 1 can safely say 
that chess was not the cause. My feed con¬ 
sists of good bright herd’s-grass, with a 
little oat straw—the same I always have 
necessary projections on its surface. Uns , )eam At the toner end of this shaft is at- miVSTP*' 
wheel is east with an internal gearing at one tached a sort of cnmk or lover about tvv0 „ " g nJhl W f . °°u lk l a 
side of the spokes, tho teeth of which are feet long, extending forward towards the sun begins t !> shine upon i” ‘'The water- 
nrotected from dirt and strengthened by a drivers seat, with a loathor strap or chain u.j.i® __• _.... • 
extraordinary variety of oats, are but little 
known or cultivated in this part of the coun¬ 
try, hence I send you a brief account of my 
I have plenty of good water, six rods from 
my stables, whoro the cows can get it easily. 
I always keep my cattle housed in storms, 
Combined.” Tho main frame is suspended foot board of the driver. This main lever, 
from this wheel, by means of adjustable which is seon passing the driver’s seat, is 
fant’s face. The first year I will givo them 
experience in raising them. Some five or unless it is when they are out to drink.— 
six years ago I received a small parcel (less They are all in good condition for dairy 
than half an ounce.) by mail, from a gentle- uso. Nor are we a little puzzled to find a 
man in New Hampshire; I have cultivated causo for this disease. It is supposed by 
them ever since, and no others. I first some to bo a contagious disease, by others 
planted them with care, in good garden soil, to bo caused by something in tho feed ; and 
The product was incredible — the birds, 
howovor, (being like most other bipeds, fond 
by othors to be conveyed through sympathy. 
I am of the first opinion; and as proof in 
(which projects far enough beyond tho hang¬ 
ers, and is made square,) it may be turned ; 
thus by tho action of its teeth on the cor¬ 
responding teeth on tho hanger, tho frame 
itself is raised or lowered to any desired 
point, where it is confined by a simple iron 
key. 
A small pinion is placed inside of this 
do r ii!^ S11 i , . xi i i./rx ing potatoes draw off from tho whole mass 
therefore, while ho raises the lever, lift- _ fo)l u ° 
ing by it tho side of tho machine directly xm’+i ’.• • y> nouns ling piopei- 
side to receivo an eccentric close up to the our . or un “ 80 a8 to len * am 01 , clcv ‘ a ' cut surfaco looks liko melting ico and snow 
a™ vat,on of its whole cutting front from tho all0ut , the th „ * L° g*™” 
of now things,) destroyed a large portion of my own mind that it is not m tho feed two > this lever is raised sufficiently to tun. the crank ^ that water inl0 th J bl ® dd ° rB 
this and the succeeding crop. What re- of my cows, last year s ipped them calves who9 , P at tho l rmri part> am , its "extentThis dorangesYho growth and brings 
mained of tho second crop I sowed on a fair after the, were turned o grass, one about ® c0 , ir ,„ cd t0 tho UI ,der side of tho frame outer'Vnd becoming a’fulcrum on ho dnSv Tj n U 
soil probably capable of producing twenty the first and tho other about he middle of m Bhaf[ ortollding fal . e „ ough „ ut . ground, the beam itself must bo raised at its £’Yho^tlT. 0Uff H tho ™ »dk 
bushels of wheat to tho acre-and it pro- Juno, and throe more last fall beforol eom- siJo ^ re< , eiv0 an cceontric closo u t0 tll0 outer end so as to remain a uniform oleva- cut surf j c0 lo ^ s lik o' m e| t i 8 n ; ic ’ 0 nm , B 
duced a crop to look upon. Tho birds menced to fodder. One of my neighbors vation of its whole cutting front from tho abou t the stable door, the water from 
could make little impression on this field, lost twelve beforo ho commenced to fodder. The motion of the cutters is obtained by gl ' oulld • cut bladders a little’ yellow and slig 
Tho man who harvested it declared ho never It is a curious circumstance that not one of st and connecting rod, passing & F “}- * and f 1 can 1 .^. en f co , a ri “S ins v i(1 
saw so handsome a crop beforo, and pro- my cows, that lost their calves last year . . 1 , tho outsido of the cut su face»a little darker than the 
nosed to thresh them with a flail for what have this. If any of tho readers of tho \ ‘ j. , °' P ait ’ * am tbe ” convinced that 
posea to tnrosn tnem wun a nan ior wuaii J . . ± , . \ . the frame to tho fore JJJjf 5^ a genuine case of dropsy. 
theere might be over two hundred bushels. Rural who have had experience in this *4^ ■% 1. om| wber(J u connects 4|| V . / 'The second year I 'plant these drop, 
I never knew exactly how many were pro- matter will givo us the causo and a proven- _____ with an elbow or knee |Jv \ potatoes in tho above-described way, 
duced, as I fed a portion of them in the five they will oblige. — S. Martin, New. V<t-_Lt ‘ , v L .. [ } .., some may take the heart disease ; som 
straw but think it within the fact to state port, Herkimer Co., N. Y. , iron, as shown at A, in m . affection of the kidneys, and the rest 
straw—but think witnin tne met o i _» fig. 1. This elbow extends its other end Ift—- °..° ^ 1 pretty sure to take the consumption. 
this third crop at two hundred bushels. -— Tsr,nf«j » fhrnucrh tho front of tho main framo. as ill___July the vines will look sicklv and ve 
Tho Poland oats are white, largo and heavy 
—very prolific — and require but a bushel 
of seed to tho acre on a good strong soil.— 
They weigh from 40 to 42 lbs. per bushel, 
and are from six to ten days earlier than 
“Information Wanted.” 
We givo two more queries upon which 
frame. 
Tho motion of tho cutters is obtained by 
eccentric straps and connecting rod, passing 
\ along the outsido of 
i -r, . the framo to tho fore 
-A ta 1 
(SjtdSv!)) •’ end, where it connects 
j with an elbow or knee 
to A iron, as shown at A, in 
fig. 1. This elbow extends its other end 
through to the front of tho main framo, as 
seen at B. and is confined in position by a 
Fig. 2, 
. r • n , w . heavy, substantial bed-plate of iron. The 
information is desired by subscribers. Vi ho end ^ fche cutter bar itg * elf- connecting with 
will answer them by facts and experience ? tbo e i bovv at bas its motion simply and 
1. D., of Sheldrake, N. Y., “would like directly from tho main wheel, all parts 
any I have raised before. The straw is stiff to enquire of those raising sheep, what 
and tall, and tho oats branch out equally on breeds or kinds they think best for tho far- 
working constantly in lino, giving a stroke 
of eight inches by tho eccentric, and each 
liuii ui ns wuuiu cubum; iruut lruxu uio ..hont 
i h about the stablo door, the water from the 
k cut bladders a little yellow and slightly 
Fia. 2/ frothy, and I can then seo a ring inside on 
« c .' the cut surfaco a little darker than the oth- 
g? -•• • ■ Y -p ' J er part, I am then fully convinced that it is 
Jlfi > ° ° P a ? onu ' ne casc °f dropsy. 
' ° J The second year I plant these dropsical 
|J| 1 potatoes in tho above-described way, and 
. 7 )... some may take the heart disease ; some an 
o affection of tho kidneys, and the rest are 
.°-"°- -' pretty sure to take the consumption. In 
_* __ ■-_July the vines will look sickly and yellow 
_<__ y_near tho top, and an inch to an inch and a 
M \ , half up the vine from the ground little green- 
- . • '\ ish bails, from the size of a squirrel shot to 
-----3-^ a poa will have grown out of tho vine. The 
iji poor sick potato in bed below, sick at heart, 
rejecting tho food that surrounds it, is un- 
Tho apron itself is shown with its fixtures able to nourish its offspring, the vine. The 
"T" 
V ~~r~l 
all sides, like a well balanced tree top. mer, the fine or coarse wooied, and where centr0 of motion, causes on either end a ^amowonc anu iigni covering oi woou aim ioou, iooks like a poor sickly ciiild. 1 take 
Last spring I went in for a patch of Mr. tho bost can bo obtained, and tho price ?” deflection of but five-eights of an inch bo- tin - 1 ll0 T standard at its back is a breast- up said sick potato; it is sure to look drop- 
T 1 ° O l . , ...v. ’ , , V. vnn/1 RtvnVht oontre line At tho same work to protect and support tho raker, who steal, and of a dull muddy color. I place 
Langwortiiy s celebrated seedling potato, Wo presume seioial different, and yet true, J the cutters liavo as much velocity as stands erect, face forward, directly behind it in boiling water until it will separate; in 
the White Mercer. Along side, and in the answers can bo given to this quostion. ^ cgfc rea p Crs and mowers in use. They r f bo delivery is at ono sido, and has a its centro is a dark substanco that appears 
same field, I had a patch of tho Black Mer- o. Robert Cribb, of Racine, Wis., asks make but half tho reverses or vibrations, sbghf elevation above the cutters, about one to the naked eye like a nutmeg, often much 
cers, another new variety with me, and, of « whore he can procure Guano, and at what and require less than half tho weight of cut- and a halt in ® hes ’ and 1S ovor four f ®® fc ? vld ®' dai ' k . or - 1 tlien ,0 ® k ?} u t hrou gh tho glass, 
,, x i-c i xi ™ 1 . x i , nnT , nn ,.i;nn« nf nithfir nf tliam A reel maybe used at pleasure, and is al- audit looks exactly liko fine sponge; ten 
all others the most prolific, .and the same cost per ton or barrel r He also inquires tc , r . k; ; f lv stremo. ways sold‘with tho machine. The reel is thousand distinct holes arc seen leading 
which gave a yield of two and three-fourth abou t the Basket Willow, the price per liun- " 1 1 J ° driven by a pulley on the main wheel 'shaft from tho surface to the centro. I then cut 
which gave a yield of two and three-fourth abou t the Basket Willow, the price per liun- 
bushels from a single potato. It is a fino dred, &c., and tho mode of preparing the 
while it is equally strong. 
table potato, tho purple color of the flesh satri o for m; 
being tho only objection which I ever heard -\v 0 sba q 
urged against it. There wore a great many bo proposes 
potato balls on both varieties, and I saved - 
quite a quantity of seed, a sample of which 
as well as of the oats I shall leave with you The report 
on my next visit to the city.—I. W. Briggs, Chittenden C 
West Macedon, Wayne Co., JV. Y. contained soi 
same for market. 
Wo shall be glad to hoar from Mr. C., as 
BREEDING HORSES. 
The report of tho Committee on Horses, for the 
Chittenden County (Vt.,) Agricultural Society, 
contained some good remarks. In addition to 
Remarks. —If any of our readers wish to die hereditary transmission of qualities, it ob- 
try a small sample of tho oats, wo are au- served: —“The progeny will inherit the united This cut roprosi n’s a trarsvorse section of ~.r.~~ r it looks like the matter from a ripe boil, and 
thorized to sav that Mr B on tho receipt fi uali ties of their parents. The good as well as the wrought-iron cutter beam, with a sec- lva u '' _ smells quite as badly. I have sometimes 
, . ,, the bad qualities will descend from generation to tion of the cutter bar, cutters, and dividers. This is the great thing to teach them— found four of thoso spots in one potato ; but 
ot a pre-paid order, enc osing tnreo letter generation> Hence you will see the importance B represents the cutter bar, to which the that resistance is useless, and getting away generally only ono or two. This I will call 
postage stamps, will send a small paper of of a know i e dg e of the parentage, not only as to steel blades are attached on its under sido, an impossibility. _ an affection of tho kidney. The next one I 
Potato seed, anothor of Tobacco seed, and gbe but a j so ag to the dam. Peculiarity of the bevel of tho blades being upon tho up- Turn your steers intended for mates, into think has what wo call a “hollow heart.” 
enough to make up the half ounce in Po- structure and constitution will also be inherited. P°r side and sickle edge. These blades al- a barn floor well littered and close the door. I put it in boiling water until I can break it 
land Oats, to any part of the United States This is an important consideration, though too 80 (>xtend back to the cutter bar, but not to Be sure that they cannot get oft from the m two; I find a hollow place; it looks as if 
. . ’ J * . ,, ,. . , . / , , , xx, • a point as forward. Tho edges of this rear floor by jumping into tho bay, oi find any the kernel of a peach seed had been taken 
free of postage. This small remuneration much neglected, for however perfect the sire may V ^ ^ ^ forward th / cutter bar> and me ans of egress, until you are ready to turn out. The suporfice of the cavity is in color 
is necessary to cover exponsos of putting be, every good quality may jo neutralized, if not gerve to cu ^ and c i oar a q the “ clog” or them out. Have your yoke, a chain and it like ground coffee. The flesh which sur- 
up tho seed, &c.— Eds. overcome by the defective structure of the dam. fj bre which may possibly escape tho forward at hand a polo, or cart or sled tongue.— rounds this cavity is “clammy,” and much 
- Let the essential points be good in both parents, cu £ an d got drawn into tho dividers. I) Then quietly, without loud words, go patient- more compact than it should be. It is quite 
Liminp- Gravelly and Slaty Lands. but if there must be some minor defects in the represents a section of the crank axle, which ly to work. Tho steers will soon find they as indigestible as the skin of a tomato ; I 
„ , _ w- p- to nl t-rin one > ^ et tbem be met and overcom e by excellen- extends through tho hollow beam, and sup- cannot got away, and without any lengthen- have known it to lie in a delicato stomach 
Messrs ditors . isnng cies in those peculiar points, in the other parent, ports its outer end. C represents thejdoub- ed resistance, will suffer themselves to bo from four to seven hours, and then comes 
some information with regard to the uso of yy e W0ldd a i so a dvise you, to let your breeding lo plate hollow beam, with attachments.— approached, handled, and yoked. Then off' looking exactly as it did when eaten, 
lime, I take the tho liberty to make my mares be j n tho full vigor of life. Do not put A represents tho divider, showing tho open- teach them tho meaning ot tho words and My next patient looks pretty well to tho 
wants known to you, in the hope that you them to the horse too young, and especially do ings and guides through which tho cutters phrases to be used—to haw, or goo, &c, at naked eye; I only see a few small dark 
or some of your correspondents will give not let your mares be incapaciated for work by This divider is mado very true, with tho word. Hook and unhook the chain, and specks in it, as if a family of insects had ta- 
: Li i xi t? tt ,t nfnlrl vmi nnv ayiwhi,rmi,o sharp corners, over which the cutters pass, teach them to turn with tho polo or tongue ken their dinner out of it weeks ago. The 
my queries an answer through the Rural, rca™. <f old ago. If so, journey expect that the f< l # ’ foct s | 10ara . cu , ting eetio',,.- between them. It is strange how much can specks are hard, black, and vary in size from 
It is generally admitted that limo is bene- oa } ve ,l co.respom ing wea -nos, an These dividers are wider than on most other bo accomplished in a few hours by a man a clover-seed to tho head of a pin. It 
ficial on moist or cold land, but not on dry Rcarcel Y wl11 a ain S le or S an P 088e8S lts natural macbines< tb us protecting the cutters from who will work in this way patiently without “ sounds well.” 1 wash it clean ; when dry, 
or gravolly land. I wish to know if experi- fitren S dl - Our farmers are usually too negligent be ] n g injured by stones getting botwoen scaring tho steers, or getting angry at them cutout a small piece, put.the piece in a good 
merits of its use on the latter have been in the « electloa of their mares. They are tempted thoni) (the space being but two mchos,) and or abusing them microscope (skin up.) look at it, and see at 
... . , to part with their best mai-es, and to breed from compressing the grass or grain into a more A long whip should bo used, mado of a onco that tho circulating fluid, acting upon 
carefully made, and what their losults have j bose wb i cb are inferior.” denso body while being cut. withe some eight feet long, and a short, tho pigment (coloring substanco) between 
been, also tho amount used and tho manner The Committee speak of a young horse of the These cutters and dividers are not dissim- light lash, from ono to two feet in length. tho inner and outer skin is in activo exer- 
of application. Tho farmers in this section Morgan stock, brod by Judge Bennett, as having ilar to thoso used by tho first premium Never turn steers into a yard or pasturo ciso. I then cut it in two, look at tho cut 
have been in tho habit of using large quan- « great compactness of structure and action of the mowing machino at the lato trial by tho with tho yoke on. Givo them to understand suilaco tlnough the glass, see only.a little 
tities of gypsum for tho past few years, but best kind.” State Society, with tho exception that tho that when tho yoke is on, they are to bo sub- slight derangement, some low air-cells 
driven by a pulley on the main wheel shaft from tho surface to the centro. I then cut 
—tho band passing below tho apron to the it in two, and apply the glass, and it looks 
front side, wliero it passes upward to and exactly liko a hog’s liver that is putrid;—it 
over a pulley on tho reel shaft. Tho band looks truly sickening. This I call tho heart- 
and pulley have been omitted by tho ongra- 
ver, although in his skotch made from the 
machine. 
THE AGRICULTURAL PRESS. 
Training Steers* 
disease. 
I dig tho next hill, take tho potato up in 
my hand, look over it carefully ; I find spots 
of the skin dead, about as large as a dimo ; 
the diseased spot feels a little liko a pieco 
of dry tobacco. I put that potato into cold 
water for 24 hours, then, with a slight push 
We givo anothor article on this subject, of tho thumb, the rotten flesh comes“out, 
from a practical correspondent of tho Cul- goneially about as large as a small thimble; 
. it looks like the matter from a ripe boil, and 
twalor; . smells quite as badly. I have sometimes 
This is the great thing to teach them— found four of thoso spots in one potato ; but 
Potato seed, anothor of Tobacco seed, and gb . e bld a p so ag to the dam. Peculiarity of 
enough to make up the half ounce in Po- structure and constitution will also be inherited, 
land Oats, to any part of the United States This is an important consideration, though too 
up tho seed, &c.—E ds. 
Liming Gravelly and Slaty Lands. 
Messrs Editors: — Wishing to obtain 
