MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
takos his particular exceptions; and more¬ 
over, wonders that Mr. 11. is so much be¬ 
hind the improvements of the age. Our 
wonder is mutual; wo wonder that such a 
sagacious person as Uncle Dan, should at¬ 
tempt to foist upon the public his old and 
obsolete opinions, as new discoveries. Mr. 
It. trusts that he is at least fifty years in 
advance of the so called improvements ad¬ 
duced by Uncle Abram. Hear what one 
well skilled on the subject of draining says : 
“ Opinions differ as to the mode in which 
drains should run, some saying that trans- 
versed, or those which lie across the field, 
are the best, while others maintain that they 
should run longitudinally. Where tho sub¬ 
soil is composed of strong retentive clay, 
and the moisture appears to come from tho 
ground, the longitudinal mode will be found 
the best, as it allows a froe escape of the 
water as soon as it gathers.” I should like 
to see the passage in the essay that advo¬ 
cates any particular mode of running drains. 
If Uncle Dan takes his text from the plan 
or diagram, as I conceive he must, then my 
wonder is increased threefold. Tho only 
object for inserting the diagram was to ex¬ 
hibit a kind of model of a draining field, for 
the guidance of such as choose to map down 
their field operations. I gave no preference 
to any particular kind of tile, although tiles 
without bottoms are mentioned as being laid 
down in the plan. Certainly, another object 
of the plan is to state the kind of tile used 
with or without bottoms—circular or elipti- 
cal, as the case may be. So much for ob¬ 
jection second. 
Lastly, whether Uncle Dan’s plan for con¬ 
structing turf drains is an improvement on 
the one recommended by me, I leave your 
readers to judgo. Certainly the idea of 
using a core-bar in constructing a drain 
would not imply that it could be done either 
quicker or cheaper than by the simple but 
efficient one noticed in the essay. “ These 
drains,” Uncle Dan says, moreover, “are as 
good for marsh land as any other kind, and 
much cheaper.” I would like to know how 
Uncle Dan would pass through a quick¬ 
sand, or a quagmire with theso core-bar 
drains of his. I suppose in such cases he 
would be obliged to allow his “tapering 
piece of wood” to remain ! Truly Uncle 
Dan is “the man, and wisdom will die with 
him.” To prevent such a catastrophe, we 
would humbly recommended Uncle Dan, 
pro bono publico, to file up his wonderful 
discovery in the Patent Office at tho city of 
Washington, along with the Irishman’s re¬ 
ceipt for making a cannon, viz:—“ Take a 
LONG HOLE AND POUR BRASS OR IRON AROUND 
it !” Respectfully yours, 
N. Davidson Redpath. 
Fogo, Allegan Co., Midi., April, 1853. 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. 
The Jointer Plow, Again. 
Eds. Rural :—I notice that Mr. Wilcox, 
in a late No. of your paper, in reply to O. S., 
says that he has learned that the Jointer is 
a patented article, and refers those that 
would manufacture it to the patentee. Mr. 
Wilcox has evidently been misinformed, 
and tho facts in the case are these, as I learn 
from the inventor and others. Mr. Aaron 
Smith, of Birmingham in this county, many 
years since invented tho Michigan Subsoil 
or Double Plow, and obtained a patent for 
tho same,—and after manufacturing them 
for some years, sold his right and interest to 
Mr. Newell French. Mr. S. afterwards in¬ 
vented the Jointer and applied fora patent, 
but was refused, fen the ground (as he un¬ 
derstood) that it was similar, or at least no 
improvement upon, his former invention. 
It would be very difficult to conceive how 
such a decision could have been made, as 
tho two work upon an entirely different 
principle. While the double plow turns 
two whole furrows—placing one above the 
other exactly as two seperate plows would 
do it. without any material saving as to cost, 
or doing the work any better than it could 
be done with two common plows—the Joint¬ 
er, as before described by Mr. W., places all 
vegetable matter that is on the surface in 
such a position that the furrow of the plow 
will completely cover it. 
Mr. Smith has recently improved the Joint¬ 
er by making the mould-board higher and 
the standard straight, or without projections 
as formerly, and having some small notches 
on the edge to fit into an iron plate to be 
fastened to the beam of the plow. This 
enables the plowman to change it readily 
from one plow to another, raise or lower it 
at pleasure, and always have it in the right 
position to do good work when fastened.— 
Mr. S. tells me, that he now intends to re¬ 
new hie application for a patent, but wheth¬ 
er he will cucceed in obtaining one remains 
to be seen. 
’J'here has been a general impression that 
this implement wag a patented article, (and 
some certain ones have wished it to be so 
understood,) and that is the main reason 
why it has remained so long comparatively 
unknown, except in a small territory where 
it was first used. But there has never been 
a patent claimed for it, and all that have 
felt so disposod in this section, have been 
manufacturing it for a number of years. 
I have been to considerable trouble to 
assertain theabovo facts, and havo been thus 
particular in order to remove every obstacle 
to tho introduction of what is considered by 
all who have used it, a most valuable imple¬ 
ment and one that ought to have come into 
general use.— Linus cone, Troy, Michigan 
April 26th, 1S53. 
New Disease Among Pigs. 
Eds. New-Yorker :—I have a case which 
I wish to present to yourself and readers, 
in tho hope of obtaining some light thereon. 
I have made all tho verbal inquiries for 
which I have had opportunity, but have 
thus far been unable to arrive at the knowl¬ 
edge sought. I have seen nothing on the 
subject in any agricultural paper. Last 
season, in this vicinity many of our farmers 
lost nearly or quite all their spring pigs— 
(those coming early and designed for fatting 
in tho fall,) though they seemed doing well 
and grew finely until throo or four weeks 
old. Last year, I had two brooding sows, 
each of which had a fine litter about the 
1st of March, and all did well until tho 1st 
of April, when I noticed that somo of tho 
litter showed symptoms of very heavy 
breathing, much like the horse when ho has 
the heaves. This would continue from three 
to six days, when they would die. I lost at 
that time some six from one litter only, 
from the other none. They wore in sepa¬ 
rate pens. I did not know but the milk of 
the mother might be the cause, so I fed 
somo of them upon pudding and milk, but 
I saw no difference. 
This spring I again had two sows, each 
having fine litters, the one of eight, the other 
of ten pigs. When threo weeks old tho lit¬ 
ter of eight began to sicken and dio, affect¬ 
ed as last year. (Their mother was related 
to the one which lost her pigs last spring.) 
The litter of ten, which was four days the 
oldest, remained well, until four of the others 
were dead, when they also began to die, and 
now I havo left of the eighteen, four well 
ones, and two diseased. I would further 
state that they were this yoar in the same 
pen, but separated by a board partition.— 
If any of your correspondents can inform 
us what the disease is, and how it can bo 
cured they will confer a real benefit upon 
the public, as all in this vicinity are interest¬ 
ed. From what I have observed I think the 
disease contagious, and I hear it is on the 
increase.—H. B. H., Rush, JY. Y, April, ’53. 
THE PEA BUG.—(Bruchus Pisi.) 
Eds. Rural :—Soon after I commenced 
farming for myself, I purchased a quantity 
of peas for seed. On examining them, I 
found that about every other pea contained 
a bug within itself, shut out from this world 
only by a small piece of tho skin of the pea, 
where the bug intended to make its exit 
whenever the weather became sufficiently 
warm for his purpose. To me, it appeared 
very singular how he came there, and I con¬ 
sidered it very much like the Paddy’s chip¬ 
muck that commenced his hole at tho bot¬ 
tom and dug out. I, however, sowed my 
peas and watched the bugs—when the peas 
were in bloom, tho bugs were found on the 
vines and in the blossoms, and when the 
pods had grown to their length and breadth 
(when they were not much thicker than a 
case knife,) the bugs laid or fastened their 
nits on the outside of the pods. In a few 
days, I perceived the nits had hatched, and 
there was a light transparent streak about 
half an inch in length, where the insect had 
eaten its way slanting through from the un¬ 
der side of the nit, to the inside of the pod.* 
The insect then fastened itself upon tho pea 
(which had grown to about half or throe- 
fourths of its full size,) and eat its way into 
it, the hole closing up after it, so that noth¬ 
ing could be seen of its entrance, only a 
small speck on tho skin of the pea. Of 
course, it remained in the pea eating out its 
own cell, until it became a real bug.— Setii 
Paine, South Granby, Osivego Co., JY. Y. 
* By opening the pod after the insect has eaten through 
it may be seen—it is white, with a black head, very small, 
and not more than the sixteenth of an inch long. 
To Preserve Fence Posts, 
i Mr. Editor :—I saw, in your paper, lime 
i recommended to preserve posts. But I 
think my plan is preferable. 1 prepare my 
, posts for setting and then let them season. 
I then take coal tar and paint them with 
three coats of the same. I paint tho post 
from about four inches above where they 
set in the ground to the bottom, and the 
end that sets in the ground also,—putting 
the paint on hot. A gentleman informed 
me that he had known a fence set in this 
way, that had stood forty years, and was as 
permanent then as at first. I think this 
way is much easier and cheaper than lime, 
and more durable.—E. H., Fulton, JY. Y. 
AGRICULTURAL INTELLIGENCE. THE AGRICULTURAL PRESS. 
Orleans Countv Agricultural Society. Morgan Horses. 
out additional manuring, except the use of 
plaster. In 1850 it was sown to Spring 
wheat, the field very foul with quack, and 
crop light. 
1851.—Plowed last of April six or seven 
inches deep, and followed with the sub-soil 
plow, loosoning tho bottom of the furrow 
six or seven inches in addition. Harrowed, 
and left the field at rest till the fore part of 
June, when about one hundred ono-horse 
cart-loads, principally of horse manure, (or 
twenty loads of twenty bushels per load per 
acre,) were spread, and covered with a two 
horse wheel cultivator. There were mixed 
with the manure about ten bushels of plas¬ 
ter, twenty of lime, and fifty or more of ash¬ 
es. Tho plaster and ashes wore spread over 
the heap to prevent the escape of the gas¬ 
es, the manure having been gathered and 
piled up during the spring—while the lime 
was mixed with the coarser portions to has¬ 
ten decomposition. By the subsequent 
shoveling to and from tho cart, theso sub¬ 
stances are supposed to havo been general¬ 
ly diffused through tho mass, and evenly 
spread over the field, which gave a dressing 
of lime, plaster and ashes, of about twenty 
bushels to the acre, in addition to the ma¬ 
nure, and combined with and preserving 
some of its best properties. 
Large quantities of quack roots were loos- 
onod by the cultivator, which were raked 
into winrows by a wire-tooth horse rake, and 
carted off tho field. This process was re¬ 
peated, the second time crossing the field 
diagonally to tho first. The cultivating, &c., 
effected a triple purpose—freeing tho field 
of all kinds. 
Each competitor is required to plow one 
fourth of an acre of sward land in 75 min 
Orleans County Agricultural Society. Morgan Horses. - n some good V m ^J e 0 f what to most far- 
The Plowing Match of this Society will connection with the above poi lai o merg j g cons idored a formidable enemy, tho 
be held at Gaines, on tho 1st day of Juno a superior specimen of the Morgan race, the quack _thoroughly incorporating the ma- 
next, at 10 o’clock, A. M. under the diroc- May number of the Wool Grower and Stock um-o with the so,1 at a depth suited to the 
’ , „ . „ . , . o-ives the following article: early and greatest benefit ot the crop—and 
tion of the Executive Committee; and at S . ° leaving the surface well pulverized, and in 
the same time and place there will be an ex- Pursuant to the suggestion made in our os & ^ no condition for planting. This fine pul- 
hibition of Stallions, Bulls, Rams, and Plows number, we now offer a few remarks m relation ver j zat i on 0 f the so il I consider as effecting 
of all kinds to breed Morgan Horses. Above we give n0 inconsiderable part in tho final result.— 
T . , ' ..f . , , i „ a portrait of “Gen. Gifford,” one of the finest The subsoil plowing, too, appeared to have 
Each competitor is required to plow one- ‘ iraemot ftis cdcbrAie(1 brced .. Tlrisetockis been highly beneficial, 
fourth of an acre ot sward land m io min- gQ wod jj noW]1) and bas deservedly obtained such Planted from 15th to 25th of June; hoed 
utos—tho furrow to be not loss than 8 inch- 0-reat celebrity', that it is superfluos almost to say twice, thoroughly running tho cultivator be¬ 
es deep and 14 in width, if more than one a word in its commendation. There are several tween tho rows at each hoeing, and going 
span of horses or voko of oxen be used—if leading and prominent sires of this breed, that 0VGr the field a third time with the hoe, to 
, x , , , w • , ‘ 5 . / . . -ii . Tf cut out the weeds and grass that had es- 
but one span or yoke, not less than 7 inches have attained an almost unrivaled reputation. It d tho lar hoe i ngs & Cut and housed 
deep and 11 in width. is not our purpose to institute any comparison be- f rom 10 th to 20th September. Tho exact 
The judges of tho plowing match are Bar- tween them, in designating the one we have pre- amoun t per acre is not ascertained, as tho 
nuel Farr, Lyman Batos, Gardener Goold, fixed to this notice - 0ur ob j ect is to dnect the leaf has not been taken from the stalk. It 
Jacob Inden, Jno. Millard, Cyrus Clark, A. attention of th ® f ™ wh ° wlsbes *° f lse estimated, however, by those familiar 
~ ket horses, as pleasure horses and roadsters, either with tho culture, that the crop would yield 
Coon, Robt. Clark, and David N. Hatch. f or city or country use, to this celebrated stock- eighteen or twenty hundred pounds per 
The Committees are as follows : A „ ood ; udee _ one w h 0 understands the fine acre. Nor has any detailed account of ex- 
Cl i . H* -ST VT nr? _C<_!11 A J ’ , _I_1 -.L . U.,4- ~ 
Jacob Inden, Jno. Millard, Cyrus Clark, A. 
Coon, Robt. Clark, and David N. Hatch. 
The Committees are as follows : 
On Sheep—Stephen S. Jewett, Oren Sco- 1S > d 1S no flattery to the ongina , nor o • - y 0ar the cr0 p 80 } d ad $10 and upwards, and 
ville, Asahel Byington. others of this noted breed. the p roce eds would be $144 per acre, or af- 
• mu „ - „ . r , , :i To the admirer of fine horses,—the breeder, who f or ding a profit of $99 per acre, including 
ig premiums \\ i n ) 1 . feels satisfaction in tracing back the blood of his use of land.—T homas A. Smith, Syracuse, 
the second day of the Annual Fair, which is ^ ^ a gplendid ancestry for an hundred JY. Y. 
to be hold tho 29th and 30 days of Septem- _ it is to be re gretted, that the remote origin---- 
b«, 1863. The stock exhibited at the plow- J ock Aould S bc clM1(W obscurity- “ KNOWLEDGE IS POWER >• TO THE FAEMEE. 
mg match, if intended to compete foi pre- True, it does not affect their intrinsic value , but it To no class no avocation, is tho maxim 
miums, should also be exhibited at the An- would add greatly to the gratification of both that “knowledge is power,” equally true, 
nual Fair.. owners and patrons, to trace their origin to the equally applicable as to agriculture. Its im- 
- Godolphin Arabian. It hardly admits a perad- portanco may be estimated by tho loss 
The Connecticut State Agricultural Soci- ven ture, however, that the blood of the Arab which its absence entails. Physically there 
oty has now been fully organized and the flows in their veins. Every circumstance of form, ensues its want, bad husbandry, specially 
friends of Agriculture throughout the State size, action, spirit and endurance, unite in estab- and generalIIj. bad ciops,.with a coi tain and 
manifest a lively interest in its welfare. The fishing this opinion. And we repeat the re^ef, ^ P 0 „ e Iteration^t becomes next to worUi- 
Executive Committee at a meeting held in that, through the heedlessness and indifference of ^ f Iorall it8 want p i aces t he husband- 
On Sheep—Stephen S. Jewett, Oren Sco- 
ville, Asahel Byington. 
The premiums will not be awarded until 
the second day of tho Annual Fair, which is 
to be hold tho 29th and 30 days of Septem¬ 
ber, 1853. The stock exhibited at the plow¬ 
ing match, if intended to compete for pre¬ 
miums, should also be exhibited at the An¬ 
nual Fair.. 
Executive Committee at a meeting held in 
----o- , ~ ... „ ,, . , , iL-ss. Morally, its want places the husband- 
Middletown on the 19th ult., decided to hold former breeders, the line 0 t ien iemo e ances i\ man far, very far, below his level in tho scale 
a Fair next Autumn; and to offer premiums 
to the amount of at least $3,000. The 
place of holding the Fair is not yet deter¬ 
mined. 
cannot be traced. 
of society. He who should have every 
We hear of no objection to the Morgan horse, ex- thought elevated and refined by the study 
cept on account of size. Now, we do not consider of nature, by “looking through nature up 
place or noiumg rne i air is not j er ueier- tb j s objection well laid. We do not want horses to nature’s God,” is found giving place to 
mined. of 16 hands, and 12 to 1400 lbs. weight for saddle the artizan, mechanic, professional man— 
m nr ■ ^ 7 - u , 0 • . horses and for single harness. For coach horses, in short, to every other more enlightened 
The Wyoming Co. Agricultural Society ^ be ^ mark But for the saddlej the calling. Politically, tho want of knowledge 
has given notice that the next annual Fair, g ^ and for double harness before the deprives him of influence, of power Till- 
will be held in the town which will raise tho jJ*. family can . iage , horses of 15 to 15^ hands, ers of , tho s . Gl1 are the , cheSS ™ en for tho 
most money aside from memberships for and m buU t, are precisely the article needed - s°akUobo innate. If, 
the benefit of the Society, on or before the Horses of this stamp are more active and spright- thon> the fa \. mers of our l and desire power, 
1st of June ensuing. ly, and will do as much ordinary work for the mora } physical, political powor, let them 
- farmer, and do it quicker and with less expense for dig deep ior knowledge. This will ensure 
Monroe Co. Flowing Match’ 
The Agricultural Society of this County 
support, than horses of 16 hands. 
It is surpising how injudicious or inconsiderate Walker. 
them powor, influence and wealth .—Ezra 
will hold their annual Plowing Match at some farmers are, in the choice of brood mares. 
Churchville, on the 26th inst. 
From a tall, long-bodied, long-jointed and flat- 
DEEP TILLAGE. 
The Officers and Committee will meet at sided mare, bred to to the compact and close built 
,. -*-) m a tt n A Morgan, the farmer expects a colt in every desirable body of earth is rendered permeable to 
the Railroad- House at 10 o clock, A. M. feat » e ’ d to fte J te , This expectation cannot rains, a greater amount of water rocoired 
Plowing -will commence at 12 o clock pro- be roaUzed a brood mare should be selected, as and retained as moisture for grain-crops, 
cisely. Each Team will be required to plow nearly perfect in all her proportions and desirable which havo thus maintined within their 
one fourth of an acre, in one hour and a qualitics as practicable. If deficient in some par- reach a moro equable supply of this ele- 
quarter. Each Plowman will bo required to ticular ia wb ich the sire Is perfect, this deficiency mon ^ so important to the rapid devolop- 
, . m ucul t , , 1 „ 7 ment of their physical structure. The same 
drive his own Team. may be expected to be remedied. eieanyo - mec banical moans also, gives freer admis- 
premiums. jection to the Morgan is entertained on account of s j on to tho air, and to that manna of the 
First Class Plows.—To be drawn by two or size, it can be easily removed by selecting mares ve g e table kingdom, the nightly and refresh- 
three horses, and cutting a furrow 15 inches wide of good forms, but rather larger than the middling jng dews. 
and not less than 8 inches deep, those coming size. For the objects and purposes suggested Not only is the soil, by deep tillage, ren- 
nearest to the prescribed furrow to be considered above, we recommend, unhesitatingly, this stock, dered more pervious to, and retentive of, 
bu.M.beitbings^gegua, * * •* *"*' * 
’1 q? conc ’ ’ 101i ’ cs ‘ earlier brought to a tomporature suited to 
Fourth, J?HU1, V01. irans. ♦ “Gon. Gifford” is considered by connoisseurs fully tho vegetation and growt.li of crops. And 
Judges— Alfred Fitch, Riga ; Moses Pettingill, equal, and by some superior to the for-famed Morgan horse . fc foll ° ws that a8 tho quantity of earth thus 
Ogden ; Isaac Moore, Brighton. “Black Hawk,” whose services command ®50 lor insu- d J increased, it will longer retain 
Second Class Plows.-Fu rrow 7 by 12 inches. ™ ’ ounced by a son of the owner of the tho temperature, thereby preserving the 
First Premium, $5; Second, $3 ; Third, $2; h 0rS e from which the race of Morgans descended, “very crop from retardation and injury by tho 
Fourth, Yol. Trans.; Fifth, Vol. Am. Inst. closely to resemble the original Morgan horse—not only in sudden changes of weather in early Spring. 
Judges—E dwin Taylor, Sweden ; George Shef- size, shape, style and action, but in most other particulars, It may reasonably be expected also, that 
fer Wheatland; Ephraim Kellum, Riga. except color.” See Albany Cult., Vol. IV., page 157-8. t he same cause, increase and equality of 
’ . , „ „ , Q «U - heat, will secure the crop more vigorous 
Third Class Plows. Boys of 18 years of age Cultivation of Tobacco. growth, and earlior and moro perfect ma- 
and under. To this class one hour and thirty , . , . __ ,1 • trirUv —Farmers Friend 
, J In answer to several inquires on this sub- tunty .—r armers j. > iena. 
minutes will be allowed. T ; --- 
First Premium, $4 ; Second, $3; Third, $2; ject, we copy tho following 10 m ic out na Ward’s Durham Bull.—I n eonse- 
Fourth, $1; Fifth, Y ol. 1 rans. of the N. A. State Ag. Socioty . quenco of tho many lotters received by 
Jueges—J oseph Harris, Rochester ;J.G. Rams- The sample is from a field ot five acres, n w ,_. Tr n fT«T?r,v making in- 
dell. MM 1 J. K. Beckwith, Britton. of Tory uniform growth. Soil a sandy and ' Va “ d > of Do ltoj, making m 
Tho Socioty will appoint competent Com- gravelly loam, with a froe dry subsoil. Tho quires relative to his Durham bull recently 
. — j Qn field as I have been informed by a former advertised m this paper, ho asks us to say 
mit eesi to examine and report pon all su- well manur0( , for J ingIo soa . „ „„ co)or „ ^ red . weight when 
porter Horses Cattle, Sheep and Agncultu- ^ ^ eight ag0> with stable ma- { mmths 0 , d J lb and f s of tho 
ral Implements, with power to award honor- nure and p i an ted to corn. Since then it ,, . , ’ . {<r . „ 
able mention prizes. Contributions to this has been cropped to wheat, oats, &c., hav- 8tock of the old imported Dur am, Do - 
department are solicited. ing been constantly under the plow, with- ance.” 
Bt deep tillage, says Mr. Walker, a lai-gor 
First Premium, $5 ; Second, $3 ; Third, $2 ; 
Fourth, Yol. Trans.; Fifth, Yol. Am. Inst. 
Judges —Edwin Taylor, Sweden ; George Shef- 
fer, Wheatland; Ephraim Kellum, Riga. 
Third Class Plows. —Boys of 18 years of age 
and under. To this class one hour and thirty 
minutes will be allowed. 
First Premium, $4 ; Second, $3 ; Third, $2 ; 
Fourth, $1 ; Fifth, Vol. Trans. 
Jueges —Joseph Harris, Rochester ; J. G. Rams- 
dell, Perinton ; J. K. Beckwith, Brighton. 
The Society will appoint competent Com- 
