MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NTWSFAFER. 
bucket from a good well.— and wo would 
buy to all who have such, got all the otlioi 
accommodations 3 on please, but spare tin 
well. 
But this article was commenced for tin 
purpose of stating my method of drawing 
water. And I would say that I have so fai 
conformed to the spirit of the present ag< 
as to dispense with tho “Old Oaken Buck 
ct.” tho “iron bound bucket” weighing 
some fifteen pounds, and use one made ol 
tin, weighing about two and a half pounds. 
A small child can draw a bucket of water— 
in fact one not large enough to bring more 
than half of it to tho bouse. The expense 
may be summed up as follows : 
One tin bucket.$0 50 
R>pe, with short chain attached.. 050 
Timber for curb and windlass- 0,40 
Kails. 0,05 
One day’s woik. 1,00 
Repairs dining the nine years the 
above has been in use. 0,00 
$->45 
When not in use, tho bucket should hi 
laid bottom upwards on the windlass, to pre¬ 
vent rusting.—C., J\'ew Lisbon, June, 1853. 
Dcg-keeping Newspaper-borrowers.— 
Again. 
Mr. Moore: — Friend “Tim,” of East 
Varick, is out with a “ Plea for Dogs,” in a 
late Rural. I say friend , because I judg< 
be is a Temperance and “Higher Law’ 
man. both of which I am. But he “demurs’ 
at tho proposal to “choke dogs with news¬ 
papers borrowed, or lent.” 1 do not pro 
pose to enter into a controversy, but as his 
article furnishes the opportunity for a few 
more thoughts on the same subject, I ein 
brace it. 
Now, friend “Tim,” I “demur” at youi 
taking my ultra article as a text whereby 
you may whip these men who license men 
tosell rum. thereby making their fellow men 
‘■mud.” Now, sir, a few words on this sub¬ 
ject, as it is 0110 of importance *0 tho farmer 
for bo is as a tax-payer —a social being—a 
father, perhaps — a lover of a “ happy 
home.” He is a temperance man — would 
sooner tako a dose of poison than a dram ot 
Rum ! Yet is a party man— must “ stick to 
party.” An anti-temperance man is nomi¬ 
nated by the party for Supervisor. IR 
must bo elected. Our farmer enlists in his 
support. Ho is elected—licenses are grant¬ 
ed through the town—paupers are made— 
the farmer is taxed for their support. 11 
complains of the increase of taxes, hut does 
not for a moment seek to solve the mystery. 
, Fellow farmer, are you paying a Bum Tax ? 
Did you help vote one ? Again, lot me ask 
what is the penalty to bo paid by the man 
who drinks ruin — who is bitten by this 
“ serpent of the still ?” I answer, his Life ! 
his hope of happiness, both in this life, and 
the life to come. God help men to seo the 
danger, not only of drinking this deadly 
poison, but of sanctioning by their votes the 
giving it to others. 
It is a very easy matter, “Tim” to banish 
these “dog koeping newspaper-borrowers.” 
Tho way I would suggest to banish them is. 
to kill, to annihilate the dogs, and then 
there would bo no such “class” as the 
above named — “dog-keeping nowspaper- 
borrowers.” I admit there may have been 
many good dogs, but I venture to affirm, 
(and if any one will show mo reliable statis¬ 
tics to tho contrary, they will oblige me.) 
that ten lives have been destroyed by dogs 
where one has been saved;— human lives, 1 
mean. Undoubtedly they were created for 
some benevolent purpose, but this fact does 
not prove, to me at least, that a man too 
poor to have the comforts, the necessary 
comforts of life, should keep a great bull 
dog, at an expense which would furnish 
material for tho fattening of a good hog 
each year. 
In my former articlo I had no personal 
references. They wore general — intended 
so, at least, though I wished those hints 
nvght bo applied personally. Three deaths 
occurred within my knowledge, in this 
countv', last season, caused by tho bite of 
rabid dogs,—and yet these animals aro in¬ 
creasing at an alarming rate. Reader, the 
life of your neighbor, those of your family, 
and your own life is in danger ! And what a 
horrible end ! — Hydrophobia ! 
Charlie Chesnut. 
Staking and Capping Fence. 
In the Rural of Juno 11 th I noticed an 
articlo from the pen of S. Graves, of Mar¬ 
cell us, N. Y., recommending his “favorite 
method” of building rail fence. I would 
like to say to him that I have tried bis “fa¬ 
vorite method” and find it the least substan¬ 
tial of any style of rail fence. Let him put 
a dozen colt3 into a field surrounded by 
such a fence, and their coltish pranks will 
soon make apparent the inefficiency of his 
favorite method of locked riders,—whilst he 
may bo engagod in endeavoring to make it 
apparent to every experienced fanner that 
hia “ favorite method” costs but half as 
much as staked and capped fence, besides 
W m 
C <piu cn ft 
GARDEN 03 F .RE ENGINE. 
As the present is the time when gardens 1 latter tl 0 Garden or Fire Engine represent- 
requiro particular attention and more moist- 0 1 above, is one of tho best machines before 
ui e than is usually diffused from tho clouds 1 the public—as we can testify from personal 
at this eoason, hints and suggestions to gar- j knowledge of its construction and opera- 
Jeners aro in order. We therefore direct J tion. All interested in tho matter aro ro- 
attontion to tho various articles and 111 a- j for rod to tho advertisement of Coning & Co. 
chines used for watering gardens. Of the | of Seneca Falls, N. Y., in this paper. 
die value of the land the stakes occupy.— 
Xow. so far as my limited experience goes, 
L have not found any stylo of rail fence 
equal to that which is staked and capped at 
olio corners. Besides, the extra cost, is but 
trilling, to say nothing about the gratifica¬ 
tion its substantial and neat appearance af¬ 
ford, compared with his ragged fence. 
But excuse this scribble, Mr. Editor, for 
[ am more accustomed to staking and cap 
ping fence than writing to Editors. But 1 
have one request to make through your pa 
per. That is, if Mr. Graves will just come 
out here to our prairie laud, I will warrant 
our prairie breezes will improve his stylo ol 
fence, if not h'.s “ forensic eloquence.”—E. 
Buell, Prairie Runde, Mich., June, 1853. 
AGRICULTURAL INTELLIGENCE. 
Provincial Fair of Canada West. 
Tiie last number of tho Toronto Jigri 
cvllurist contains the Prize list of the Fall 
Exhibition of the Canadian Agricult-ura 
Pair, which is to be held at Hamilton on tin 
4th, 5th, Gth, and 7th of' Oct. It is expect¬ 
ed to bo an occasion of great interest as an 
exposition of Industry and Products of the 
Province. The Hamilton Spectator re¬ 
marks:—“From all that we can learn on 
the subject, there is every prospect of the 
coming exhibition far surpassing any pre¬ 
vious, one both as regards the scale on which 
it is to bo carried out, and the interest it is 
calculated to create. Tho funds for tin- 
purpose are considered ample; besides, our 
City Council is pledged in tho sum of £500. 
the President of the Society offers prizes to 
tho amount of £50, T. C. Street, Esq., M. 
P. P., a prize of £20 ; and also the Govern¬ 
or General a special prize of £ 20 . The 
premium list is much larger than any pre¬ 
vious one, and in some instances the old 
prizes have been increased. The premiums 
offered by the President are truly hand¬ 
some. and wo trust will ho the means ol 
creating much competition.” 
Agricultural and Horticultural Societies. 
“ An Act to facilitate the forming of Ag¬ 
ricultural and Horticultural Societies,” has 
recently been passed by our Legislature.— 
It contains important and beneficial provis¬ 
ions, which will not only encourage the for¬ 
mation of such societies, but augment their 
influence and prosperity. Hon. T. C. 
Peters, Member of Assembly from Gone- 
see County, (and one of the editors of the 
Wool Grower and Stock Register.) was the 
author of this law, and is entitled to what¬ 
ever credit may be due therefor. The Act 
is a3 follows: 
Section 1. Any ten or more persons of 
full ago, citizens of the United States, and 
a majority of whom shall he citizens of this 
State, who shall desire to form a County, or 
Town Agricultural or Horticultural Society, 
in any county, town city or village in this 
State, may make, sign, and acknowledge 
before any officer authorized to take the ac¬ 
knowledgment of deeds in this State, and 
file in the office of the secretary of state, 
and also in tho office of the county in which 
the business of such society is to be conduct¬ 
ed, a certificate in writing wherein shall be 
stated the name and title whereby such so¬ 
ciety Bhall be known in law, the particular 
businessand objects of suchsociety. thenum- 
ber of trustees, directors or managers to man¬ 
age tho samo, and the names of such trus- 
I tees, directors, or managers thereof, for the 
j first year of its existence, 
j 2 . Upon filing a certificate as aforesaid. 
tho persons who shall have signed and ac- 
| knowledged such certificate, and their as- 
I sedates and successors, shall thereupon by 
virtue of this act, be a body politic and cor¬ 
porate. by the name stated in such certifi¬ 
cate, and by that name they and their suc¬ 
cessors shall and may have succession, and 
shall bo persons in law capable of suing and 
being sued, and their successors may have 
and use a common seal, and the same mav 
alter and change at pleasure, and they and 
their successors, by their corporate namo. 
shall in law ho capable of taking, receiving 
purchasing and holding real estate for the 
purposes of their incorporation, and for no 
other purpose, to an amount not exceeding 
the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars in 
value, if a county society, and ten thousand 
dollars in value, if a town, village or city 
society, and personal estate for like pur¬ 
poses to an amount not exceeding ten tliou- 
-and dollars, if a county society, and three 
housand dollars, if a town, village or citv 
society, to make by-laws for the manage¬ 
ment of its affairs, not inconsistent with tiie> 
laws of this State or of the United States. 
3. Any person who shall pay into the 
treasury of said society annually, in such 
rime and manner as the by-laws thereof 
shall direct, a sum of money not less than 
fifty cents, nor moro than one dollar, shall 
he a stockholder therein, and entitled to 
all the privileges and immunities thereof. 
4. Tho officers of said society shall con¬ 
sist of a president, and at least one vice 
president, a secretary, arid treasurer, and at 
least one director or manager for each town 
in tho county, if a county society, and not 
less than ten, if a town, village or city so¬ 
ciety. And they shall bo elected annually 
by tho stockholders of said society voting 
personally and by ballot, and said officer- 
shall constitute a hoard for the manage 
incut of the concerns of said society, a ma¬ 
jority whereof shall ho a quorum. And it 
shall he the duty of said officers to so man¬ 
age tho property and concerns of the said 
society as will best promote tho interests ol 
agriculture, horticulture, and the mechanic 
arts. And they shall hold annual fairs or 
exhibitions, distribute premiums to tho bes 
and most meritorious exhibitors in these 
several depsrtments. 
5. There shall be but one county society- 
in any one county in this state, nor shall 
there he more than one society in any town 
therein ; but any two or three towns may 
join and organize a society for the same. 
6 . Tho said society may, in caso tho uses 
and convenience thereof so require, upon 
application to the supreme court of tho dis¬ 
trict wherein said county at the time of 
such application shall be situated, obtain 
the requisite order and power to sell from 
time to time tho whole or any part or parts 
of its real estate, the granting of such ol¬ 
der to ho in tho direction of the court, and 
such application to be made only when 
authorized by said society at an annual 
meeting thereof by a vote of not less than 
two-thirds of the legal members of said so¬ 
ciety present at such meeting, and notice 
of the intention to vote for such application 
having been published in three of tho news¬ 
papers printed in said county onco a week 
for three months next preceding such annu¬ 
al meeting. 
7. The officers of any society organized 
under the provisions of this act shall be 
jointly and severally liable for all debts duo 
from said society contracted while they are 
officers thereof, provided said debts are pay¬ 
able in one year from the time they were 
contracted, and provided a suit for the col¬ 
lection of the same shall ho brought within 
one year after the debt shall becomo due 
and payable. 
8. The president, secretary, and treasurer 
of said society shall, annually, on or before 
the first day of February, make out and 
transmit to the secretary of the State Agri¬ 
cultural Society at Albany, a statement of 
the transactions of said society for the year, 
giving a full detail of the receipts and ex¬ 
penditures thereof, with a list of premiums 
awarded, and to whom, and for what pur¬ 
pose, and the same shall bo subscribed and 
sworn to by said officers before some per¬ 
son authorized to take the acknowledgment 
of deeds, as being a just and true statement 
within the spirit, true intent and meaning 
of this act. 
9 Every society formed under this act 
shall possess the powers and bo subject to 
the provisions and restrictions contained in 
rlie third title of the eighteenth chapter of 
tho first part of the revised statutes. 
THE AGRICULTURAL PRES3. 
Time of Harvesting Grain. 
The following excellent article by a cor- 
respondedt of tho Germantown Telegraph, 
is worth tho particular attention of giain 
growers : 
It would seem to bo almost superfluous 
at this lute day, to urge upon our fanners 
1110 importance of cutting grain before it 
becomes fully ripe : yet notwithstanding tho 
numerous articles which have been written 
and published upon this subject, and the 
very decided convictions expressed by the 
most judicious millers and grain dealers in 
favor of early harvesting—especially where 
the grain is intended lor bread making or 
flouring—there are many who still adhere 
to the old practice, and will by no means al¬ 
low their crops to be harvested till the grain 
is fully ripe. Prejudice is a tyrannical mas¬ 
ter and no class of tho community appear 
to ho more fully under its sway than our 
own agricultural class. I11 New York, and 
indeed, in all the great wheat growing 
States, the practice ot cutting the grain be¬ 
fore it is dead ripe, prevails almost univer¬ 
sally. The exact time when it should be 
harvested, is now. with the grain producing 
part of tho community, no longer a matter 
of doubt or speculation ; ail being fully con¬ 
vinced that ttie right period is indicated hv 
that change which tho grain experiences 
when passing from its milk state to that ol 
complete hardness, and when the kernels, 
without being “ sticky” aro yet not sufficient¬ 
ly hard to icsist the pressure of the thumb 
and finger. The farina of the grain being 
perfected, all that is necessary t<> render ii 
lit for flouring is the hardening of the mass; 
and this it is abundantly established, may 
he as well perfected after the straw is cut. 
as before. Beside, grain that is allowed to 
stand till it is fully or dead ripe, make . 1 
darker flour, and is not so heavy ; it scatters 
in harvesting, and does not command, in 
our markets, so ready a sale, or so high a 
price. The straw of grain, when it is cut be¬ 
fore the period of perfect maturity, is also 
much more valuable? it possesses a degree 
of succulence and saccharine sweetness 
which renders it a good feed for stock ; a 
use to which the straw that has stood in the 
fields till it has become dead or perfect!} 
matured, can never ho applied. 
I have cut oats when the straw was just 
turning from its golden hue, and have 
found the grain as plump and full, and fin 
brighter in color, than that which has stood 
in the field till ripe. The straw of oats 
when harvested early, and properly cured, 
is nearly as valuable for cattle feeding a> 
the best clover hay ; and when chaffed and 
mixed with chopped roots or meal, it makes 
a feed eagerly partaken of by stock ot every 
description. 
Good Tools for the Boys. 
The editor of the Portland Pleasure Boat 
gives the public some excellent practical ad¬ 
vice. In an article in which he furnish tv 
some hints in regard to making agriculture 
a cheerful and agreeable occupation, Ik 
closes the subject thus : 
Farmers, furnish your young hoys with 
light, neat and good tools, and teach then 
how to keep them in good order, if you would 
have them love agriculture, anil give them a 
little lot for their own use. 
If you wish to discourage them and drive 
them off’ to the city, to sea. or to California 
give them rusty hoes, broken shovels, dull 
scythes, &o., to work with, and not alio* 
them to plant a seed or a tree for them¬ 
selves. Every boy on a farm should be al¬ 
lowed a lot on which to make a miniature 
farm. He may have a row of corn, a row 
of potatoes, a patch of wheat, oats, beans, 
grass, ami if you keep animals give him a 
calf, a colt, or a lamb to raise. 
With the products of his little farm he can 
supply himself with books, clothes, Me., so 
that you will ho gainers by being li e al, and 
will encourage industry and begot a love for 
agriculture in your sons, which will in future 
y ears lead them on to period ion in the art. 
and placo them among the highest of na¬ 
tures noblemen. 
Farming in California.— A correspond¬ 
ent of the Journal of Commerce thus writi s 
about California fanning and prices: 
Twenty-five dollars per hundred pounds 
has just been offered for 1 000 head of heel 
cattle, to bo delivered at Benicia in lots, at 
stated intervals between now and the 1st of 
January. Tho party tskes $30 and expects 
to get it. Potatoes have advanced to 15 cents 
per lb. by tho quantity. Onions are selling 
at 45 and 50 cents per lb. What would 
your farmers say to getting three hundred 
dollars cash, for five ordinary sized gunny- 
bags of onions ? Our farmers are now busy 
in cutting and curing their grass, tho’ciop 
of which is very abundant. The grain har¬ 
vest will commence in about a fortnight, 
and continto for noaily three months.— 
Wheat, barley and oats promise an abun¬ 
dant crop. 
Binghafci’s Sheep Shearing. 
We copy the following interesting account 
of this shearing from the Wool Grower and 
Stock Register: 
Left Castleton Wednesday morning, June 1st, 
for Hyde’s, in Sudbury, where the shearing was 
to take place. The road was as pleasant as 1 ever 
traveled for the same number of miles, about 
fifteen. It had all the variety of wood-land, 
hills, lakes, and mountains, and from some points 
the mountain ranges of Not them Now York 
stretched off in magnificent perspective. Hyde’s 
hotel is situated in one of the most beautiful val¬ 
leys I ever saw. It is so retired, and yet there is 
so much of beauty around you, that 1 do not 
know of a more desirable locality for a man who 
wishes for relaxation from the bustle and cares of 
life to spend the hot summer months. Pure air, 
pure water, beautiful lakes, and magnificent sce¬ 
nery will meet him at every turn, but the busy, 
noisy world lies far beyond, and away. 
The shearing had commenced when I arrived. 
The sheep shorn the first day were ewes of the 
French Merino breed, pure bloods, and mostly 
heavy, fat sheep. Their fleeces weighed very 
heavy. I did not keep a register, as one of the 
committee promised to furnish me with a copy, 
which has not yet, from some cause, been done. 
The wool was unwashed, had not been suffered to 
come to the weather, and had been well oiled, and 
was in most, if not every instance, the growth of 
more than one year. The wool was generally of 
a good grade, some quite flue, and from its great 
length and strength of staple a most desirable 
de lainc wool. It would probably shrink in 
cleansing for tho cards at least CO percent.—some 
even more than that. 13ut even at that large de¬ 
duction there would be a large clip of wool Loin 
some of the sheep. For the breed they were no¬ 
ble sheep, but not at all uniform in the appearance 
and quality of the wool, or of the sheep; some, 
to my fancy, worth double of others. 
A band of music was in attendance, and often 
added their notes to the sharp click of tho shears. 
There was a considerable sprinkling of Black 
Hawk horses and trotting sulkies on hand, and 
a very good turnout of people. 
I staid that night with friend Sanford, at Or¬ 
well, and saw considerable of his stock, both sheep 
and cattle. His Devons beat anything lhat 1 have 
yet seen in this country, and 1 have seen most of 
the best herds. Of his sheep it is needless to 
speak, for I bought two rams of him, and consider 
myself fortunate in securing them. 1 hope to get 
one each from Mr. Remedy, Mr. Campbell, and 
Mr. Cutting, though they may not bo large 
enough to use much this year. The three year 
old ram I bought sheared this spring sixteen lbs. 
of unwashed wool of a good quality of full blood 
Merino. I do not believe, however, that the same 
sheep will shear as heavy fleeces, with the same 
seep, any where out of Vermont. By fair means 
1 have not been able to produce (lie same weight, 
though equally well cared for. 1 think one reason 
is in the richness of their pastures and meadows. 
The next day we returned to the shearing, and 
found a large increase to the numbers. To-day 
was shorn some of tlie largest, and one fleece I 
understand weighed about thirty pounds. I did 
not see the wool or the sheep weight* L After 
linner, and all the sheep shorn, amounting to 
tome eighty in the two days, the crowd gathered 
around the balcony on the north side of tho 
house, and several speeches were made. I do not 
now remember the mimes of any except Deacon 
Grkely, of Boston, Gen. Beuiioughs, 1 believe of 
Vermont, and Judge Keyes, of this State. Before 
eieh speech there was sung a verso, and that 
firmed the text for the speaker. The speeches, 
cansidering the short notice, were very happy, and 
well received by die audience. 
I left, well pleased with my journey, and am 
under very many obligations to Mr. Bingham for 
having furnished to me, as well as to many others, 
so delightful a holiday. 1 hope he will live to 
give many more equally interesting, and that I 
may be there to enjoy them. But I would re¬ 
spectfully suggest that it would he of much greater 
value and interest, if till the best flocks in the 
vicinity were represented at these shearings. I 
shall do all I can to get up an annual shearing 
club in Darien, and 1 think we can make a show 
that will pay- a stranger for making something of 
a journey. 
From what I have been able to see and hear in 
the two visits which I have now made to Vermont, 
the Black Hawk and the Morgan are the two best 
breeds of horses in the Union. That there s not 
one full blooded ewe to a thousand driven out of 
the State by sheep pedlars. That the sheep arc 
light colored until they undergo the “Cornwall 
finish” process. That in some flocks valuable 
rams can be obtained at very high prices, hut that 
very few are taken away by the sheep pedlars.— 
And that certificates of pedigree in their hands 
are subjects for serious reflection, at least. And 
last,—I can make up as good a flock of ewes in 
my own State as can be bought in Vermont. And 
that it’s a very great mistake to suppose that good 
sheep can be found nowhere but in Vermont. 
Mr. Campbell is so well pleased with his Si¬ 
lesian shoe]) that he is making another importa¬ 
tion, and I have arranged for a ram of that impor¬ 
tation. At another time I shall take occasion 
to speak of these sheep in connection with other 
breeds. 
So much for the shearing.—r. 
Fattening Sheep. —It is sometimes an objfot to 
fatten sheep rapidly in summer, and also to fatten 
off old sheep which cannot be readily fattened on 
pasture alone. In either case, good pasture and 
the feeding of a moderate quantity of grain daily, 
will generally effect it very advantageously. One 
bushel of grain fed to sheep in summer, will make 
as much fat as three or four fed in winter; hence 
they may be fattened off most rapidly, and with 
least expense, in summer and fall .—Ganf eld. 
jgMMBBMgggfifig 
