MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
(Srtjrarft anfc (iarfon. 
THE FRUIT CROP OF 1853, AND ITS ENEMIES. 
Tiie mild winter and tho absence of late 
spring frosts, gave strong encouragement 
that tho Fruit Culturist would this year reap 
a bountiful harvest—sufficient to compen¬ 
sate for all tho disappointments of past sea¬ 
sons. There was an uncommon show of 
fruit buds, and all kinds of fruit trees blos- 
somod profusoly, and sot well for fruit; but 
—that’s the word over which our hopes so 
often tumble—the mild winter was also fa¬ 
vorable for tho preservation of insect lifo, 
and the fruit had barely set ore it was at¬ 
tacked by a swarm, ten times as numerous 
and rapacious as whon our prospects had 
been blighted by frost and storm, and now 
there is scarce enough fruit of any kind left 
to, under liko circumstances, save our trees 
from tho threatened fato of tho barren fig 
tree. 
Tho crop of plums, cherries and apricots 
has been almost entirely ruined by that king 
of pests, tho curculio, and oven tho peach 
has not escaped his ravages. That part of 
the crop which was not blasted by tho “leaf 
curl’’ has shared tho fate of tho plums and 
cherries. Never boforo did tho curculio 
make such havoc with the poach crop as this 
season, and not tho twentieth part of a crop 
will be realized where not three weeks since 
a full crop was anticipated. 
Another formidable depredator has also 
taken tho field this season, and, as if to blast 
tho last lingering hope, made nearly a clean 
sweep of tho apple crop—not tho tenth part 
of a crop will bo realized, in this section at 
least. Tho insect alluded to is a small, 
brown leaf roller. Most persons havo no 
doubt remarkod their depredations and ap¬ 
pearance for a few years past. Thoy com¬ 
mence operations usually in tho bud, and as 
soon as tho leaf expands, draw its odges to¬ 
gether by means of silkon threads and form 
for thomselvos a socuro retreat. Their 
proscnco is indicated by tho death of such 
loaves as they attack—sometimes almost all 
tho leavos of the tree will be curled up and 
dead. As thoy incroase in sizo and tho clus¬ 
ters of fruit and young shoots begin to form, 
they oat them off at the base, thus destroy¬ 
ing the fruit, and injuring tho growth of the 
tree at the samo time. Their main field of 
operations seems to bo in tho applo tree, al¬ 
though tho pear, plum and cherry aro not 
exempt from their ravages. If they contin¬ 
ue to increase as rapidly for a few years to 
como, as thoy havo for a few years past, 
there is but little hope for tho apple crop. 
There sooms to bo no well defined cause 
for tho curl of the poach loaf. Somo varie¬ 
ties seem to bo much more subject to it than 
others. In my garden, and in a small nur¬ 
sery near it, the Crawford’s Early, Early 
York, Coolidgo’s Favorite, Jacques’ Rare¬ 
ripe, Morris’ White, and Early Tillotson, 
havo boon almost ontiroly freo from it,_ 
while tho Large Early York, Crawford’s 
Late, Old Mixon Freo, Ilaine’s Early, Ber¬ 
gen’s Yellow, Snow, and sovoral seedling 
trees, aro nearly ruined. 
Tho poarerop is moro promising than any 
other kind of fruit, and, if no now enemy 
takes tho field, it will bo fully an average 
one. 
Tho uso of poach stocks for tho apricot, 
ought to bo abandoned. Tho troes are short 
lived and do not hold their fruit nearly as 
well as when worked on tho plum or hard- 
shelled almond. The latter, budded at 
standard height, makos ono of tho vory best 
stocks for oithor tho poach or apricot. It is 
hardy and of a very vigorous habit, and not 
liablo to disoaso of any kind. Thoso having 
largo almond troes may bud tho lowor limbs 
to the apricot, thus enabling them to be 
easily protected from tho attacks of tho cur¬ 
culio—and the upper limbs to tho peach.— 
Thoy will both produce abundantly tho 
second year from tho bud, and ono poach or 
apricot is worth a dozon almonds. 
Although thoro is so much to discourage 
fruit growing, yet tho pleasure of cultiva¬ 
ting fine trees, and tho hopo that they may 
bo productive next yoar, should and doos 
stimulate to ronowod oxertions, both to de¬ 
stroy depredators and to promote a healthy 
and vigorous growth. r. r. w. 
Alabama, N. Y., July, 1853. 
will probably bo secured in tho hands of a 
few, and in duo time bo offered to tho pub¬ 
lic, who of course make some allowance for 
tho charms which novelty throws around 
overy now horticultural production. Should 
this prove nearly so valuable as is hoped, 
and tho samo result be verified by Dr. Yalk’s 
now seedling, a newly discovered hardy for¬ 
eigner, wo shall soon have quito an addition 
to our list of valuable varieties. 
Remarks. —The originator of tho grapes 
mentioned abovo, presented us a liberal dish 
of tho fruit, last autumn, and wo found it 
scarcely inferior to tho best Isabella. It 
ripens as stated, in tho open air, and befor 
the usual heavy frosts. We hopo it will bo 
extensively propagated, and afford a grape 
that may be depended upon in all parts of 
New England.— JY. E. Farmer. 
A MODEL FRUIT GARDEN. 
THE GOOD OLD LILAC BUSH. 
NEW SEEDLING GRAPE. 
C. M. IIoyey statos in his Magazino of 
Horticulture, that a now seedling grape has 
boon produced from a nativo vino, fully equal 
to tho Isabolla, and ripening at least a month 
earlier than that variety. Ho received spe¬ 
cimens of tho fruit as early as tho middle of 
Soptombor, which wero tho very last of tho 
crop. Tho borrios wero round, black, and 
covorod with a dense bloom ; bunch as large 
as those of the Isabella; skin thick; llosh 
tender, with scarcely any pulp, “exceedingly 
sweet and delicious.” Tho vino is hardy, 
vigorous and productive. The namo of tho 
originator is not given, as it would, if known, 
subjoct him to a flood of orders. Tho vino 
IIovey, in tho July number of his maga 
zinc, quotes from tho (English) Gardener' 
Journal, a paragraph respecting tho 1 i 1 a 
which describes that familiar—wo had al 
most said “ household ” bush, so naturally 
that wo must borrow somo of it for our 
readers to peruse. It proves this favorito 
shrub, or tree, or bush, whichever you 
please to call it, to havo tho same habits in 
England that it has in Maino, and to bo 
prized as much, and to faro about tho samo 
there as hero. 
“ This old and favorite ornamental decid 
uous shrub,” says the writer, “ liko tho rose, 
obtains a place wherever trees and llower 
will grow. It is especially popular with tho 
poor, who havo only a small patch 
ground, and cannot afford time to give 
much attention to what thoy grow for 
pleasure. Tho lilac is ono of tho hardiest 
plants grown in England, so it is hero ; you 
may cut it down, but it won’t bo cut up.— 
The branches may bo killed, but others will 
rise on tho return of fine weather.” Then 
again tho lilac is ono of the very first, to 
bud and blossom in the Spring; and it is 
green long before others. The writer after 
speaking thus highly of it, thon begins to 
enumerate its faults :—With all its recom¬ 
mendations says he, its hardy constitution 
its graceful habit, and its beautiful flowers 
tho lilac, it must bo confessed has its faults’ 
or rather fault, for it has but one—its ten¬ 
dency to push up shoots at the root, which 
under certain circumstances, make it 
moro not for all sorts of passing litter or 
rubbish. If an old shoo is to be thrown 
out of sight, thoro is no place so fitting as 
tho poor lilac bush. At the fall of tho leaf, 
all tho other trees, and bushes, seem as if 
they would mako quito a “ but ” of our good 
natured acquaintance, and keep on “shy¬ 
ing” their cast off clothes into its lap, at 
least so long as tho gamo lasts. 
So much for tho Englishman’s story.— 
Brock in his interesting “ Book of Flowers,” 
enumerates throe varieties. Tho purple 
variety, ho observes, is found in almost evo- 
rv garden, the white is moro scarce.— 
Grown togethor they aro very beautiful, and 
notwithstanding they are considered old 
fashioned, common, and vulgar, with somo 
pooplo, wo esteem them as somo of our 
most valuable, and ornamental shrubs of the 
season. 
Tho “Persian Lilac” ho considers far 
more dolicato and pretty than tho common 
lilacs, both in leaf and blossom. Tho 
bunches of flowers aro nearly a loot long, 
and weigh down tho tender, terminal, slen¬ 
der shoots, so as to givo tho plant a very 
graceful appearance. Tho Persian Lilac 
grows about four or five feet high. 
Ho also obsorves that this was ono of tho 
first plants introduced by our forefathers, 
and is universally found—often in front of 
ancient houses, growing almost to the sizo 
of a small treo. To mako a small treo of 
it, care must bo taken to destroy tho suck¬ 
ers and keep a clean stem.— Maine Farmer. 
PRESERVING FRUIT IN BOTTLES. 
Strawbebbies raspberries, blackberries, 
currants, peaches, in fact any fruit, may bo 
preserved in air-tight bottles,'so as to retain 
its natural flavor, with but little labor or ex¬ 
pense. The following is an excellent mode : 
“Fill tho bottles quito full with fruit not 
quite ripe ; placo them, with tho corks put 
lightly into them, in a copper with cold wa- 
tor up to tho necks, and gradually raise the 
temperature of the water to 160 degrees 
and not exceeding 170 degroes Fahr. Keep 
them at this tomporaturo half an hour; thon 
take oach out separately, and fill it up with 
boiling water from a kottle to within an 
inch of tho cork ; drive in tho cork firmly 
tio it over, and dip it immediately into bot- 
tlo wax, and lay tho bottlo down its side 
to koop the cork always damp. To provent 
formontation, turn each bottlo half round 
twico or thrico a week for two or threo 
weeks ; after that thoy will nood no further 
caro. Tho corks should bo soakod in water 
two or three days boforo being used.” 
Another modo is to tio tho corks before 
putting tho bottlos in tho water. Tho heat 
expels tho air from tho fruit. As soon as 
the bottlos are cool enough apply tho seal¬ 
ing wax. We havo oaten poaches in winter 
which wero cut up and bottled, and kept in 
this way, almost as good as when cut up for 
tho tablo frosh from tho tree. Tho secret 
consists in exhausting tho air from tho bot¬ 
tlos, and making tho corks air-tight, 
lx pruning largo limbs, cut so close that 
the surface of tho wound will bo on a lovol 
with the bark abovo and below it. Such 
branches should be partly cut through both 
abovo and bolow, with a knife, boforo using 
tho saw. 
A correspondent of tho Cincinnati Gazotto 
thus describes a visit to the estate of Mr. 
Peabody, an eminent horticulturist near 
Columbus, Georgia: 
“Mr. Peabody has a very healthy loca¬ 
tion on a hill in tho pine woods—over GOO 
acres; and when they went on it, thirteen 
years ago, not a treo had been cut. Ho 
cleared a space for his house, and they mov¬ 
ed in tho next spring. He has proved the 
most successful cultivator of many kinds of 
fruits, berries and melons, in this country. 
I saw 1,000 hills of water-melons, on which 
will bo ripe fruit by tho 10th or 15th of 
Juno; he says he has frequently picked 
them weighing 50 pouuds. His great pecu¬ 
liarity with strawberries, is tho quantity of 
fruit, its sizo and flavor, and tho constant 
bearing of tho vines; always has plenty of 
firm berries for six months — frequently 
eight—and last season ho had them evory 
month in tho year. Recollect this is in tho 
opon air—in his opon fields. I saw eight 
acres of strawberries; the vines are very 
small, and covered (tho ground literally 
looks red) with most delicious large IIovey 
berries. These vinos havo been in just as 
full bearing since tho 10th of March, and he 
says will continue until tho middle of Sep¬ 
tember. and as much longer as frost keeps 
away, if ho chooses to attend to them. Mr. 
P. sends to this market from 150 to 200 
quarts per day, and ho says he could pick 
double the quantity if tho market was lar¬ 
ger.” 
GRAFTING GRAPE VINES. 
Saw off tho vino an inch or two below the 
surfaco of tho ground; thon with a largo au¬ 
gur, just tho size of tho graft, boro one or 
moro holos perpendicular, or parallel with 
tho grain, about two inches deep in tho top 
of tho root, where sawn off, and into these 
insert tho scions tho full depth of the holes. 
Let tho scions bo of the last year’s growth, 
well ripened, and about G inches in length, 
with a bud or eye at tho top. They should 
be cut from tho vine during winter, or ear¬ 
ly in spring, before the sap gets in motion, 
and tho operation should be performed just 
before it is expected the sap will start, the’ 
it will usually succeed afterwards if tho top 
of tho stock is well waxed. After inserting 
tho scions, cover tho wound firmly with 
moist clay up to tho oyo of tho scions, and 
place a board so as to protect from washing 
by rains, till tho leaves appear. This meth¬ 
od is surer than cleft grafting .—Ohio Cult. 
rk At 
/ V 'r «V >f \ *V ♦ 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 
For the week ending July 12, 1853. 
E. II. Ashcroft, of Boston, Mass., for improve¬ 
ment in pressuie gauges. 
C. W. Camp, of Hartford, Conn., for improve¬ 
ment in shot chargers. 
E. J. Dickey, of Hopewell Cotton works, Pa., 
for improvement in butter workers. 
G. M. Dimmik, of Springfield, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in apparatus for illustrating the mo¬ 
tion of a pendulum upon the earth’s surface. 
J. J. Fulton, of Alleghany city, Pa., for im¬ 
provement in tanning. 
Smith Groom, of Troy, NT. Y., for improvement 
in hose coupling. 
Richard Montgomery, of New Fork, N. Y., as¬ 
signor to Elizabeth Montgomery, of same place, 
for improvement in sheet metal beams. 
Myer Phineas, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in metallic pens. 
II. G. Robinson, of Schuylkill Haven, Pa., for 
improvement in coin safe and detector. 
S. T. Sanford, of Fall River, Mass., for improve¬ 
ment in boring machines. 
E. B. Wells, of Uniontown, Pa., for improve¬ 
ment in adjusting dishing saws. 
I. P. Smith, of Rochester, N. Y., and O. W. 
Seely, (assignor to O. AY. Seely,) of Albany, N. 
Y., for improvement in straw cutters. 
N. T. Coffin, of Ivnightstown, Ind., for im¬ 
provement in forming teeth on mill saws. 
Chas. F. Brown, of Warren, R. I., for improve¬ 
ment in adjustable screw propellers. 
Linus Yale, Jr., of Newport, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in locks for banks. 
C. P. Bailey, of Muskingum, Ohio, assignor to 
“Union Patent Sofa and Railroad Car Seat Manu¬ 
facturing Company,” of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in railroad car seats. 
DESIGN. 
Samuel Pierce and J. J. Dudley, of Troy, N. Y., 
assigonr to Johnson, Cox <fc Fuller, for a design 
for cook stoves. 
WATER THROUGH LEAD PIPES. 
DOMESTIC LEGHORN. 
Ciiloe thus writes to tho Ohio Farmer:— 
“ I can givo you a substitute for Leghorn 
bonnets and hats which is worth ono year’s 
subscription to tho Farmer, to any ono who 
will use it. The material is called “ Juno 
grass.” Cut it off close to tho ground with 
scytho or sickle, place it in a tub and pour 
on hot water, which lot stand 20 minutes.— 
Then take it out and spread it in the sun to 
whiten. Tho top joint, which is 15 or 20 
inches long, is used for braid. It makes a 
' ght, neat and durable bonnet or hat. 
It is loss expensive than straw and far better. 
It grows in nearly all tho fence corners of 
meadows. The braiding may bo done at 
any season of tho yoar. The grass howover 
should bo cut before July, or it will bo hard 
and wiry. 
Ladies try it and teach your little daugh¬ 
ters how to braid their brothers a hat. 
Horticulture Is tho great gift of God to 
man, which makos desert places into gar¬ 
dens, and so beautifies tho abodo of man as 
to resemble Paradise. Buildings without 
Horticulture, aro but landmarks in a wil- 
dornoss. 
To Make a Barrel of Good Soap. —Dis¬ 
solve 48 lbs. of common bar soap in 15 gal¬ 
lons of boiling water. Lot it cool and get 
thick and cut it in slices. Then dissolve 12 
lbs. sal soda in 15 gallons moro of boiling 
water, thon add 3 lbs. unslacked lime. Boil 
these articles together 20 minutes; when 
cold, turn off the fiuid and mix it gradually 
with tho soap, not disturbing tho sediment; 
then add one quart of alcohol and half pint 
cam phone—stir all together and it will bo fit 
for use. 
Tho above soap is used for washing clothes 
and will bo found to save much labor. Somo 
peoplo prefer loss limo, and others omit tlio 
campheno, and think it bettor. 
Good Coffee is tho rarest production of 
tho kitchon. The Scientific American says, 
“tho bost way of making it is to put tho 
ground coffee into a wide-mouthed bottlo 
over night, and pour rathor moro than half 
a pint of water upon oach ounce and a half, 
and then to cork the bottle ; in tho morning 
to loosen tho cork, put the bottlo into a pan 
ot water, and bring tho water to a boiling 
heat. Tho coffee is thon to bo poured off’ 
clear, and tho lattor portion strained ; that 
which is not drank immediately is kept 
closely stopped, and heated as it is wanted.” 
Raspberry Marmalade or Jam. —Pass 
tho raspberries through a fine sieve to ex¬ 
tract their seeds, add to them thoir weight 
in fino white sugar, and boil thorn, and stir 
them over tho firo until you can just see the 
bottom of tho stew-pan; treat as Quince 
marmalade. 
Eds. Rural :—I often see things printed 
that I can scarce believe, altlio’ my creduli¬ 
ty is largo. I see it stated in the Rural of 
July 9th, that an attempt has been mado to 
keep trout in water supplied through lead 
pipe, and in threo successive trials they had 
suddonly died. 
Now, I cannot take it as positive proof 
that fish will not live in water convoyed 
through lead pipe, for I have two fish liv¬ 
ing in water of tho kind, and doing woll to 
all appearances. And it is quito amusing 
to soe tho little fellows come up to tho sur¬ 
faco of the water and catch flies and crumbs 
for thoir breakfast. They wero caught and 
put in their present abodo about three 
months ago, and havo grown about an inch 
in length since thoir forced emigration from 
Deacon Corbitt’s mill-pond. They aro in 
a reservoir which holds about two and a half 
barrels of water brought from a pure spring 
over thirty rods distant, through lead pipe 
three foot under ground. 
Nor do I believe such water has a very 
deleterious effect upon tho system, for we 
have used it four years and enjoy measurably 
good health. I am willing to admit, how¬ 
ever, that it has an effect upon me ; and the 
effect is to mako me better natured, for I 
considered it not a very plesant task, after 
a hard day’s work, to tako a couple of pails 
and go to tho spring for water, or to tell 
tho hired man to go—and tho worst of all 
was to see tho fairer part of tho family oc- 
casionaly tugging down from tho spring. 
I had almost forgotten to mention that 
thoso little finny fellows which I have in 
captivity are a kind of fish wo call bull-heads, 
and for aught I know can stand poison hot¬ 
ter than trout. Since reading tho article 
referred to I concluded to take tho bull-heads 
out of tho reservoir and put them in tho 
barn-yard watering trough, which water al¬ 
so comes in through lead, and get trout, and 
report tho result as soon as practicable. 
D. K. Coon. 
Oak Hill Farm, Steuben Co„ July, 1853. 
IMPROVED WAGON. 
THE LATTING OBSERVATORY. 
The sexton of I rinity Church may as woll 
shut up his steeple. It has been a good 
steeple to him; but there is a rival in tho 
field, and bis long monopoly of tho air is at 
an end. Nay, ho is undone—outdone by a 
hundred feet of tower and several hundred 
feet ot hill. Not to tho car of tho l’oten- 
tato ot I rinity is Batting’s namo musical. 
I ho Batting Observatory, bo it known to 
our remote readers, is a wooden tower, 
which has climbed from a baso seventy-five 
toot square, to a point three hundred foot 
abovo it, on tho ground opposite the Forty- 
second Street entrance of tho Crystal Pal- 
aco.. lo toll tho truth, wo havo been in the 
habit ot regarding tho building of this tower 
as a somowhat mad and Babol-liko enter- 
prize. But when, at tho close of a hot day 
last week, wo had panted up its innumora- 
blo winding stairs, and stood on tho highest 
of its platforms, inhaling tho most delicious 
ot cooling broezos, and looked round at tho 
varied and gorgoous panorama that lay 
spread out liko an immeasurable carpot at 
our feot, wo thon blossod tho name of our 
Batting, and extolled bis tower as a wiso, 
timely and benificent institution. Tho en- 
tn-o geography of this region lies there mag¬ 
nificently mapped. Tho rivers wind about, 
and stretch away in broad lines of silver.— 
Their banks are done in emerald and o-old. 
Ino cities Now York, Brooklyn, and the 
riu^ are P ain ^ oc } with faultless accuracy.— 
I ho spectaclo is interesting and splendid in 
tho extreme, and richly repays tho fatigue 
of going up such a multitude of steps. The 
tower, we believe, is now open to the public 
and our advico to all Crystal Palace visitors 
is, to make a point of ascending it .—Home 
Journal. 
NEW PLASTIC MATERIAL. 
. Five parts of good whiting aro mixod 
with a solution of ono part of gluo. AVhcn 
the whiting is worked up into a pasto with 
the gluo, a proportionate amount of Vene¬ 
tian turpentino is added to it, by which the 
brittleness of tho pasto is destroyed. In 
order to prevent its clinging to the hands 
whilst the Venetian turpentino is being work¬ 
ed into tho pasto, a small quantity of iinseod 
oil is added from tiino to time. Tho mass 
may a^so bo colored by kneading in any color 
that may bo desired. It may bo prossed in¬ 
to shapes, and used for the production of 
bas-reliefs and other figures, such as animals, 
&c. It may also be worked by hand into 
models, during which operation the hands 
must be rubbed with linseed oil; tho mass 
must be kept warm during tho process._ 
When it cools and dries, which takes placo 
in a few hours, it becomes as hard as stone, 
and may then bo employed for the multipli¬ 
cation of these forms.— Sci. American. 
Vitrified Earthen Water Pipes.— The 
Journal of Commerco calls attention to a 
now article ot earthen water pipes, whoso 
inner surface is vitrified, (covered with glass) 
to withstand tho action of acids, on exhibi¬ 
tion at tho Crystal Palace. They aro from 
England, and have attracted considerable 
attention thoro, as superior to load and iron, 
which are easily corroded and destroyed.— 
Pipo tile for draining fields and low grounds 
havo proved moro durable and less liablo to 
got out of order than any other ; and thoso 
vitrified pipes are an improvement on tho 
same. 1 boy aro used for convoying water 
wherever load pipe vis employed for that 
purpose, and aro as superior to tho latter 
as a glass bottlo is to a load ono. Pipes of 
a large calibre aro made of this “vitrified 
iron stono, as tho material is sometimes 
called, and thoy aro used as sewers and 
pipes leading to them. 
Tiie Smallest Engine in tiie World.— 
Mr. Benjamin J. AVarner,tho London watch 
manufacturer, has sent to this country, for 
exhibition at the World’s Fair, the working 
models for two steam engines. Tho smalL 
est one, an oscillating cylinder engine, stands 
upon an English four-penny piece, (size of 
half a dime,) with room to spare. The cyl¬ 
inder is but one sixth of an inch in diame¬ 
ter, tho length of stroko three-eighths, and 
diameter of tho piston is that of an ordina¬ 
ry needle. Tho other is a beam engino, 
composed of more than two hundred pieces! 
The length of tho stand is threo and a quar¬ 
ter inches, longth of beam two and a quar¬ 
ter inches, diameter of cylindor three eighths 
of an inch, and tho length of stroko seven- 
eighths of an inch. Both of these enginos 
aro screwed together with tho precision of 
the work of a watch. 
A lump of wet saleratus, applied to tho 
sting of a wasp or boo, it is said, will stop 
tho pain in ono moment, and provent it 
from swelling. Pin this fact up somowhore 
tor this season’s use, for thoso who aro not 
fond of the sensation of a sting. 
To Preserve Picture Frames from 
Flies.— Boil threo or four young onions in 
a pint of water; thon, with a gilding brush, 
wash over with tho liqnid. It will do no in¬ 
jury to tho gildod frames. 
Isaac Crandall, of Chorry Valley, N. Y., 
has mado certain improvements in the con¬ 
struction of wagons, for which he has taken 
measures to secure a patent. His improve¬ 
ment will bo understood by the following 
description : 
Tho invention rolates to a novel method 
of arranging many of the parts of tho com¬ 
mon double wagon, and of making its uppor 
roach elastic, so as to yield when the front 
axle and tonguoarc movod out of a straight 
lino with tho direction in which tho carriage 
is moving, so as to accommodate itself to 
the movemont of the horse, and as soon as 
tho horse is in motion on a line parallol 
with the lower reach, to throw the tongue 
and front axle, togethor with their attach¬ 
ment, in tho proper position to be drawn in 
the direction of travel. This arrangement 
prevents tho tongue from loosly playing 
from side to side, thus very frequently 
striking the horse while drawing tho car¬ 
riage; the oxtra roach may, with conveni¬ 
ence, be used upon carriages already con¬ 
structed, and tho injurious lateral motion 
of the tongue while tho horse is drawing, 
thus prevented. 
Simple Stump Machine. —A simple con¬ 
trivance for removing stumps is described 
in a lato number of the Michigan Farmer, i 
and which, the editor was informed, had ta-’ ) 
ken out a hundrod and forty stumps in half > 
a day. 
Tho contrivance is simply this :—A stiff 
massivo lovor, about twenty feet long, is 
placed with its thick or stronger end at the 
side of tho stump; a chain several feet long, 
with links made of inch, or inch and a quar! 
tor iron, and with a long ring at one end, is 
then attached to the end of the pole by 
means of tho ring, and the rest of the chain 
passes round the stump, and is hooked into a 
root or in tho body. A yoke of oxen now 
attached to tho other or smaller end of tho 
lever, exerts an enormous power, and unless 
tho stump is quite large, will quickly twist 
it out. _ 
New Life Preserver.— Tim last number 
cf the Warsaw New Yorker, says : 
Our ingenious neighbor, F. Nicholson, 
has in tho benevolence of his heart, coi - 
trived a life preserver, which ho thinks will 
facilitate the escape of passengors from a 
burning or wrecked vessel. It is an-alter¬ 
nate succession of air cells and wooden slats, 
covered with canvas and netting and may 
be made of all dimensions ; when not in use 
tho preserver may be rolled together and 
will not occupy much room- 
