MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
ERRORS AND THEIR CORRECTION, 
« We ask Advice, but mean Approbation.” 
“ I would thank you,” said one not long 
since, “ to tell mo when I do wrong(stat¬ 
ing in what respect.) The opportunity pre¬ 
sented itself, the error was pointed out, but 
tho act was excused with the remark, “Well 
I seldom do so ; I hardly know how I hap¬ 
pened to do so this time,” &c., (let it bo ro- 
membered that this was a liahit;) and then 
followed a somewhat tedious dissertation on 
such practices, and people who are guilty 
of them. Tho truth is, few peoplo see their 
own failings, and still fewer are willing to 
bo reminded of them. Habit, or sclt-lovo, 
or both, blinds tho eyes of such, and they 
regard their own acts as praiseworthy, and 
whilo they ask advice, or instruction, they 
mean approbation. 
Blindness to our faults shows great igno¬ 
rance of ourselves; and thoso who are most 
ignorant on this subject not only have gen¬ 
erally most faults, but are least willing to 
know themselves, or to bo told of their 
faults, and least disposed to correct them. 
Tho great remedy for this self-ignorance, 
and of course, tho great corrector of our 
faults, as well as a great preventive, is self- 
knowledge, and this can bo acquired only by 
self-examination. This requires no labori- 
JStrakj! 
—-— --, 
VIEW OF PYRAMID LAKE, OREGON. 
The accompanying engraving of the very 
Tho elevation of this lako above the sea 
4.890 feet, being nearly 700 feet higher 
A TREE OF GOOD SEED, 
The seeds of hope by mortals sown, 
On sweet congenial soil, 
Produce the fruits that all must own 
Are sweet to those who toil. 
“Hope is a plant that all may rear, 
By God to mortals given, 
To cultivate while here on earth 
And reap the fruit in Heaven.” 
Written for the Rural New-Yorker. 
The body is an outer garment, to protect 
us from the storms encountered on our life 
journey. Therefore it behooves us to keep 
it in as sound a condition as may bo, lest it 
should wear out too soon. 
At the end of our tour, the storms all 
passed, all around and above us beaming 
with tho light of heaven, tho rocks and 
thorns replaced by blooming flowers along 
our way, no more dust nor mud to soil our 
robes, death aids us to lay asido our outor 
garb all faded, and ragged, and stained, 
from its long exposure, and appear in a 
dress moro befitting, a spirit purified and 
reconciled to God. Yet.how many tears 
are shed upon tho lifeless body by thoso 
who had loarnod to love us along life’s way. 
Would they weep thus all tears of bitter 
grief, if allowed to see the glittering dress 
that is no longer hidden by that tattered 
. , . . + that is no longer hidden by that t£ 
Lako is to tho eastern rim, of tho Groat , . „ 6 .. . 
,, , c ,, garment ? Or would ourselves bo 
Basin which lies between tho base ot the f . , , 
7 4 remarkable scene called Pyramid Lake, in is 4,890 feet, being nearly 700 feet higher uasin wnicn lies ooween me ease m — 
protracted operation. Caicu d Q from the pyramid-shaped mountain than tho Great Salt Lake, from which it | Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada ; 
it companson of oui own acts with . * , * <• . Vina -« f i Hisfnnt about cmht! and tho extent and character of which, its 
frequent comparison ot our own acts with 1,15 , . * * . , 
thoso of others, is all that is necessary— or rock winch visesfrom the centre of the lies nearly 
For example: if wo see in another an act. *° » height of some 000 feet, is taken degrees of 
or a habit, which wo think is wrong, let ns Col. Fremont's narrative of his adven- elevation o 
. . A w turous journey from the Hallos to tho Mis- geographic 
look at ourselves, and see it we aie not j j if,. 1 ., 
_ , i •£ souri River. lake to tno 
guilty of tho same, or even worse: and if _ U11 __ _ _ 
wo are willing to know the truth, there is lit- ' , 
tie doubt that wo shall find enough of thorn, er winked to a little girl two or three years , CIRCULAR 
° f/Yll t hot enn hurl cnon nor rmr. 
or rock which rises from tho centre of tho j lies nearly west, and distant about eight. and tho extent ana cnaracter ot wnicn, 
water to a height of some COO foot, is taken degrees of longitude. Tho position and I whole circumference and contents, it is so 
from Col. Fremont’s narrative of his adven- elevation of this lako mako it an object of desirable to know. [Iho illustration was 
turous journey from tho Hallos to tho Mis- geographical interest. It is tho nearest given in an early number ot tho Rural, but 
souri River. “ j lake to tho western rim, as tho Great Salt I will bo now to a majority of our readers.] 
Self-examination and consequent self- 
knowledge, is necessary to tho correction of 
faults. Until wo know our faults wo cer¬ 
tainly cannot correct them ; and happy is 
it for us if wo aro willing to know and to 
correct them. 
“ O, wad some power the giftie gie us 
To see ourselves as others see us! 
It wad frae monie a blonder free us, 
And foolish notion.” H. 
Out West, July, 1853. 
FALSEHOOD IN CHILDREN, AND ITS CURE. 
BY MRS. CHILD. 
older, not to tell that she had seen her put 
it in tho closet. There is an old proverb 
about killing two birds with ono stono; hero 
two daughters were injured by ono lio. 
CIRCULAR FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT 
OF COMMON SCHOOLS. 
State of Nf.w Yohk, Secretary’s Office, 1 
Department of Com Schools, Albany, July 22, 1853. J 
To answer a groat number of inquiries 
INTERESTING STATISTICS. 
luctant to make tho exchange, had wo 
moro faith in the promise, “They that be 
wise shall shine as the brightness of tho fir¬ 
mament; and they that turn many to right¬ 
eousness as tho stars for ever and ever ?”— 
“ If yo loved mo yo would rejoice, because 
I said I go unto the Father.” Suissac. 
THOUGHTS ON DEATH- 
appy is Tho youngest was deceived, and the eldest (]a reccivod a f this office, and to guard 
and to was taught to participate in tho dccep jon. a „ a ; nst tbo C onsequonces of misapprehen- 
Moro experience would teach tho little p ... L • ■ r - 
Perhaps there is no evil into which chil- satisfied her; and it she chose to bo troub- 
dren so easily and so universally fall, as that lesomo, being put to hod without her supper 
i • , -., T1 T . llxl 1 *1 1 blUUU L1JU A i w ukj iti.iwiioir 
gradins: expedients . Vvhy not to t io c 1 ( tut ; ona j # this decision in no respect 
the plum cake is in tho closet; hut it is not affectg the A(jt for csta blishing Free Schools 
good for you at night, and I shall not give th hout tho St ato, passed April 12,1851. 
you a pieco until morning . I s le i.u q' rustc( , s 0 f school districts may safely pro- 
been properly educated, this would have ceed fco mako out rat0 bills for tho payment 
satisfied her; and it she chose to jo louh- t eacb ers’ wages under tho last named 
Trustees of school districts may safely pro- 4352 is was 4,138,441 tons, showing that it 
ceed to mako out rate hills for the payment ba ^ m0 ro than trebled in thirty years.— 
of lying. 
would teach her a lesson for her future 
The temptation, too, is strong, and there- course 
ot teacnors wages unaor tno las 
Act. They may also safoly levy an 
taxes voted under, or authorized 
School Law of 1847 as amended bj 
The following interesting statistics, com- Wno has not been deprived of a friend by 
.. , ,. _v. . o +i,„ death ? Who has not seen tho speaking 
piled from an appendix to a repoitot the , , , . .... . 
1 11 lu tt -a i eye—heard tho love-thrilling voice for tho 
Secretary ot tho Treasury, to tno l mtci last time ? Hushed in death’s cold slumber 
Statos Senate, on tho colonial and lako trade j s the voice of a father, mother, brother, 
of tho United States, presents, at a glance, sister, or friend; yet tho memory of such 
a picture of our groat resources : remain. Impressed upon our heart’s pure 
Our average imports from 1821, spoeio f aW et U , tho fac ,° form and deeds of the 
included, were $80,078,348 ; from 1848 to departed one. 
1852 they wore 8181.066,679, showing that T , B " t ” here M0 “ U 4®P. arted ? ~ 
J „_ + U,, ,!.. • 'Jl- That s the query. Hwell they m the grave, 
the average moro than doubles in tlnrty , 1 J ’ 
years. Our average imports from 1821, < )r hav « ho y f (,arcd to tho lands unknown 
were $69,439,785, and from 1848 to 1852, t° ns where happiness reigns supreme-a 
$175 94 3-3GO. In 1821 the tonnage of tho landof ll S^t and love rendered thus by the 
United States was only L298,958“tons ; in ° appearance ot God ? 
1852 is was 4,138,441 tons, showing that it hon dai ’ kn <: 88 pervades our sight, when 
has more than trebled in thirty years.- arrows rankle in our heart, when a loved 
vw m Krn *.t Britain we have a larger one is torn from our bosom, and consigned 
Next to Groat Britain, wo have a larger 
fore tho encouragement to veracity should A respect for the property of others must ■ tbo j awg 1349 , 
bo proportionally strong. If a child breaks be taught children; for. until they are in 
anything, and honestly avows it, do not bo 
angry with him. If candor procures a good 
scolding, besides tho strong effort it natu- 
. , , • for unti 1 thev are in- 382 ot th ° laws ot i849 ', , Tho value of our annual products exceeds ^fniie. y or v ice, on b.u- 8 «uiieu ear iu 
J, e ’the To P rotect Trustees from tl.o liabilities thro0 thousand millions of dollars, of which Why wish them to bo partakers ot misery ? 
structed they have very loose ideas upon tne incurred under tho Ac t of 1849 which is now on , v about s 17 0 000 000 aro sent abroad. Let them rest; wish them not back. Wo 
subject. A family of children cannot bo too dcclared unconstitutional, tho Legislature leaJinu $2 830 900 000 to bo consumed and shall soon meet with them,—soon, aye, wry 
much urged and encouraged to bogonoious I __ „n,i. _/. T _ 1 b " ’ : ’ , . . ennn nnr duel will 1 ft minfflorl willi t.hnin_ 
To protect Trustees from tho liabilities 
incurred under tho Act of 1849 which is now 
scolding, besides tho strong effort it natu- much urged and encouraged to bo generous Qn th0 30fch day of Juno i ast , passed tho fol- interchanged among tho Statos. At least 
rally costs depend upon it, ho will soon be m 011 k ing an t °g C ^up U i 0 us C rogard lowin g law to wll ich the undersigned would $600,000,000 is thus interchanged between 
discouraged. In such cases do not speak ‘Joj shoiih be' a 8 * IU P^ ^ J call the attention of all parties interested : tho s tate ’ s of the Union, 
till you can control yourself. Say I m glad 101 eacn others propeity. Tney sdou u attvi? th m.Tm-FiiiFs , r U v<, T r PI — ROV or-il in 
yo untold me. It was a very valuable article, 
SK SSit ’to have “Sister may I have your book T &c. They The People of the SMe of New Yorkrepreeenlei in some millions than it had boon during the 
myson decoivemo.^ But haying said this, do should bo taught tt put them carefully in fmle«,l AvsMy, do one,l aefoUeoee: promts toiu yeara Theyaiuo of property 
not reproachfully allude to the accident their place when they have done using them; § 1. Whenever a recovery has been or f ft s 7 ° s , 8 ^ J" 1 howwer #10 068*- 
afterwards. I wL about to say that chil- and should be impressed with this idea, that shall hereafter bo had against the trustees wo thlSk for thoir 
dron never should bo punished for what was it is a greater fault to injure another s prop- or collectors of a school district tor the col- 157,77 Kme or abroad 
honestly avowed; but perhaps there may erty than to be careless c four ovvn. If any lection of any tax, levied in the d.stnct by d S b r ^ 
be some cases where they do wrong, from little barter has been made, and a dispute reason of tho tax or any part thereof hav- a id iiP s 0 dm ^United^States ^on- 
tho idea that an avowal will oxcuso them: afterwards arises, hear both sides with 1111 - ing been imposed pursuant to the provisions tow ns, and cities ot tne un tea states is on 
in this case they tell tho truth from policy partiality, and allow no departure from what of tho act entitled “An act establishing free y 4,000,000, while the rural population, the 
^?3e!^ aid ^ was promised in the baiiin. From such schoolsthroughout tho State," payed^rch 
reasoned with, and unpunished. However, little things as these, childien receive then 29th, 1849, it shall bo the duty of the trus > > Philadelphia and Baltimore con¬ 
it is tho safe side to forgive a good deal, first ideas of honesty and justice, as well as tees of the district for the time being, to as- ^ n nUon ot l "l4 OOO the amount 
vfHim- than run the risk of fostorino- habits truth. certain the amount so recovered, together tain a population ot 1,_14,UUU, tlio amount 
V ] " 0 -- with tho expenses of execution therefor, tho of whose real and personal property is 
m\ i ’ „nv time discover vour CHILDR EN’S R IGHTS. interest thereon, and all costs, charges and $702,000,000, or $678 each. The property 
child in a lio, treat i/with great solemnity. You have a pretty, attractive child ; she expenses to which the trustees or collectors of tho rural population is $2,312,000,000 or 
Lot him see that it grieves you, and strikes is warm-hearted and affectionate, but viva- have been subjected m the defence of the ^ ^l-O each , 
you with horror, as the worst of all possi- clous and full of life. With judicious man- action or actions and to impose and co lect J nSv $143 000- 
hie faults. Ho not restore him to your con- agement, and a firm, steady rein, she is a m the manner school district taxes are lovi- 
U9once and affection until you see his heart very loveable one. You tako her with you ed and collected, a tax sufiiciont to discharge 000 ir 1 wheat, $391 2019^00 in 1 Inffian corn, 
1 , really touched by repentance. If false- on a visit, or to make a call. You are busy the amount so ascertained, and in addition Zo - 
hood becomes a habit with him, do not talking with the friend you went to see. A thereto, such further sum as shall he suffi- ®73 12o,000 m Inslipota .oes 
tempt him to mako up stories by asking him gentleman comes, in and throws himself m- cient to lepay to all tho tax-payeis, who ^ > 1 0 ’ ’ 
pretty, f 
-payers, 
No portion of tho trade of tho Union has 
grown moro rapidly within a fow years than 
raises in others. 
Let your family novor hear trifling do- uproariously, and rattles fun round her lit 
so sho gives him a pert answer—ho laughs by him with interost to tho time tho tax to 
contempt. sport amazingly. covery or any part tnereol trom moneys Do- 
Abo vo all things, lot your own habits bo Bye-and-bye ho gets weary and says, longing to the district, the amount of moneys 
of tho strictest “truth. Examine closely! “There—run away now, I’m going to read so paid with interost thereon shall bo ro- 
You will be surprised to find in how many tho newspaper;” but Kitty is wide awake, placed from the moneys to bo raised undor 
little thino-s wo act insincerely. I have a*t and has no idea of being cut short in that this act, instead of being paid as in G 10 soc- 
this moment in mv memory a friend who summary way; so sho continues her Lilli- on( J section provided, and tho remainder of 
V J . ^ . .. 1 1 , • ..V i'll H 11 1 » mAnn^TO olinll Ka OYvnllnzl OP liArAinKnlAv/v 
Pa~ldU7e^&-“tt be ttid m. «nai^ h^«» the m one J8 Shall he Applied as hereinbefore W Z m Z 
that sho’ did not speak the truth and I dare boats a despairing retreat, muttering, “what provided. Hnsnv S. who ^cy 
“Stafrfafi’fttm a distance; she Editors throughout every s toambUt a powder hLso, su ppose/ %?*£?* 
ceive her children. True sho thought it was does not Interfere—no—for she believes in od to copy. Hp whn Aim tnn nmr the son of honor a 
for their good-, but deception never nrodu- - Children’s Rights." K«y was unite, well .wi n L™°hU w nos moTttd bYamWtion 
ceivo hor children. True sho thought it was aoes not interfere—no—lor sne boiioves in oa to copy. 
for thoir good; but deception never produ- “ Children’s Rights.” Kitty was quite, well ’ ~ 
cos good. I once saw hor romovo a plate of behaved and respectful—till tho visitor If wo scrutinize tho lives of mon of gen- 
plum cako from tho tea table to tho closet, undertook to quijz and teazo her, for his own ius we shall find that activity and persistence 
Hor youngest daughter asked for a piece, amusement. Ho wanted a frolic—and ho aro their leading peculiarities. Obstacles 
Tho reply was, “ It is all gone ; puss came has had it —they who play with children must cannot intimidate, nor labor weary, nor 
and ate it up.” At the same time tho moth- take childrens play. Fanny Febn. drudgery disgust them. 
much urged and encouraged to bo generous Qn thQ 30fch day of Juno i ast , passed tho fol- interchanged among tho States. At least soon our dust wiU lo inin g>« d w 't h theirs— 
ihov n should a be taught °sc?u C milo ^regard lowin S law to wllich tbe undersigned would $ 600 ,000,000 is thus"interchanged between 60uls g<> wber0 , theirB l f v0 
h otherf ^nron^itv They should cal1 thc attention of a11 P artios “^erestod : tho ^ atc ’ s of tho Union. aro be.ng w.ftly home adown tho rapid 
loi each others propei ty. Tney snouia nvrevFniFs vtnst Tim rl.aa nf tho sover-il States in stream ot lime—We can. almost see death s 
never use each other’s things, without ask- ACT Relative io recoveries against Ihe total debt ot the several states in approached the lino 
i„g first, “ Brother, may I take your sled ?” school oijicers, passed June 30, 18o3 18 51, VTt ‘ ^ffi^the the boundary lino that connects life with 
“Sister may I have your book ?” &c. They The People of the State of A ew Jork represented m some millions than !t had been duiiii the ( , eath .— Tho „ mourn not tho departure of 
Should be taught to put them carefully in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows: previous tenyea . T1o v,aluo of pi ope. ty hav(J but passec j through 
their place when they have done using them; $ 1. Whenever a recovery lias been or a ® s _ os . 8 ® d ifoofi?’" wllat awaits « vorv ono of us poor, dying 
and should bo impressed with this idea, that shall hereafter bo had against tho trustees 4<L, the loal value being, howevei,$10,068,- . y Mirror. 
it is a greater fault to injure another’s prop- or collectors of a school district for tho col- 157,779—a good security, we think for their j__1__L_ 
erty than to be careless cf our own. If any lection of any tax, levied in tho district by debts, whether owing at homo or abroad. MARTYRS. 
little barter has been made, and a dispute reason of tho tax or any part thereof hav- The total . population of tho villages, __—- 
afterwards arises hear both sides with im- ing been imposed pursuant to the provisions towns, and cities of the United (States is on- I he martyrs to tvee ar exceed tho mar- 
partiality and allow no departure from what of tho act entitled “An act cstablishing free ly 4,000,000, while the rural population, the tyrs to virtue, both m onduranco and in 
was promised in the bargain. From such schools throughout the State,” passed March honest peasantry, their’• country s pride, is number. Religion doc* not forbid the ra- 
little things as these, children receive their 29th, 1849, it shall bo the duty of tho trus- 10,263,000. _ Tho four cities Now York, tional enjoyments ot life as sternly as ava- 
gamhling. She does not embitter life liko 
discord, or shorten it like dulling, or harrow 
it like revenge. She does not impose more 
vigilance than suspicion, moro anxiety than 
selfishness, or half as much mortification us 
HAPPINESS. 
True happiness is of a retired nature, and 
an enemy to pomp and noiso. It arises, in 
to detail all the circumstances connected dolontly on the sofa. His eyes fall upon shall have paid tho first-mentioned tiix, and i . d are worth ouito T _ l , 
with the affair ho has denied. Listen cold- little Kitty. He is just in thc mode to be who shall not have brought actions therefor he ^animals ^g^rod a o Tule happiness is of a retired nature, and 
ly to what ho says, and let him sco by your amused, and makes up his mind to banter the amount by them respectively paid with as n uch as ^ an enemy to pomp and noise. It arises, in 
tz- s“ho"ays- or t,,oKiku of dra " inghwout - 'csttt. 40 t,mo tho •“ to bo 
in his telhng the truth. But remember to “Jemima, dear-come here!” A 2 - ^omtho moneys collected by virtue the West having made only a htdej ovoi ir and conversation of a few select eompan- 
encourago Is well as to discourage. Im- The child blushes, and regards him as if of the preceding section there shall be paid Z 1(>nS ’ , Fa 8< l loves f .° +1 l)0 111 » 
press upon his mind that God will help him uncertain whether he intended to address to the persons against whom such recovery $50q,°00 , but tho <lultivation is incicasing, crowd and to draw the eyes of the world 
to get rid of the evil whenever ho really her Ho repeats his request, with a laugh, shall have been had, tho moneys by them and m a few yoai s '' llb0 upon her; she does not receive any satisfac- 
wishes to get rid of it, and that every tern/- She replies, “ my name is Kitty, not Jem- paid therefor, with interest and the costs dally when.now Mexico and California t from tho applause which she gives Imi¬ 
tation that he overcomes will make the next mima,” which her tormentor contradicts— charges, and expenses incurred by them and which are admirably adapted to it, shall go Bcl ^ but from tho admiration which sho 
ono moro easy. Receive every evidence of Kitty looks puzzled, (just as ho intended so ascertained as aforesaid,and to each tax- mto tho business. raises in others. 
his truth with delight and affection, and let sho should.) but it is only for a moment.- payer who shall have paid any portion of portion of tho tia lo of tho Union^has--- - -- 
him see that your heart is filled with jov, She sees ho is quizzing her. Well, Miss the first-mentioned tax. and who has not grown more rap.d y w n a few an “ All is for the Best -Hr. Johnson 
that ho has gained ono victory over so great Kitty likes a frolic, if that is what he wants; brought an action therefor, the amount paid that connected with thejtoam ) marine.— used to say that a habit of looking at the 
him seo that your heart is filled with jov, Sho sees ho is quizzing her. Well, Miss the first-mentioned tax and who has not gi own m°i oi a f Md y'\\ tlIia , A 1 F ? R TIIE , ~ D , r -. Joh fqn 
that he has gained ono victory over so great Kitty likes a frolic, if that is what ho wants; brought an action therefor, the amount paid that connected with tho^steam md ^o.— , iscd t0 say that a habit of looking at the 
, ° J so sho gives him a pert answer—he laughs by him with interost to tho time tho tax to Ihe total number of steam vessels now em- bost sldo 0 f every event, is better than a 
1 Let vour family novor hear trifling do- uproariously, and rattles fun round her lit- be levied by virtue of this act is collected, ployed on our coast is 62a, with a tonnage thousand pounds a year. Bishop Hall 
ception glossed over by any excuses j speak tie oars liko a hail storm; Kitty has plenty } 3 Whore the trustees of school districts o 212,600 meow qoaratly remarks, .« for every bad there 
of them with unlimited abhorrence and of answers ready for him, and lie enjoys tho shall have paid the amount of any such re- might be a worse, and when a man breaks 
, , sport amazingly. covery or any part thoreof from moneys bG- ber ot steam vessels is ^ou, witn^a tonnage j 1IS i C g, let him bo thankful that it was not 
Ahnve all things let vour own habits be Bye-and-bye he gets weary and says, longing to the district, the amount of moneys of 204,725 and employing 17,607 men. his neck !” When Fenelon’s library was 
longing to the district, the amount of moneys of 204,725, and employing 17,60i men. b ; s noc i- j” When Fenelon’s library was 
so paid with interost thereon shall bo ro- Our whole steam marine, therefore. on f ir0) »< u od bo praised,” ho exclaimed, 
placed from the moneys to bo raised undor amounts to 1,390 vessels.^with a tonnage of « 4 } ia ^ j g 4 bo dwelling of some poor 
this act, instead of being paid as in tho sec- 417,236, manned by 29,2 < 7 men, and carry- man j” This is * ru0 spirit of submis- 
ond section provided, and tho remainder of i n g- bosido freight, about 40,000,000 passen- g j on . ono 0 f t bo most boautiful traits that 
tho moneys shall be applied as horeinbofore gers every year. In this vast travel, only 750 can possess tho human heart. Resolve to 
provided. Henry S. Randall, lives were lostrin 1852—far too many, but soe this world on its sunny sido. and you 
Secretary of State. nofc 80 man Y as somo peoplo, who fancy bave almost half won tho battle of life at 
_ He who flies too noar tho sun of honor Anger. —It is tho great duty of Christians 
n of gen- wdl ilav0 his win g 8 melted by ambition. to pu t off anger. It unfits for duty. A 
orsistonce The glow of sunset is the reflection of little jogging puts a clock out of frame ; so 
Obstacles hedges of roses around Eden. a little passion tho heart. A man cannot 
aary, nor That which has its value from fancy is wrostlo with God and wranglo with his 
not very valuable. neighbor at tho same time. 
