MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
WHEAT ROOTS, &c. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :—When I pen¬ 
ned my short articlo in regard to what I 
deemed Mr. Redpatii’s mistake, about the 
depth to which wheat roots would strike 
down, I did not intend it as an attack upon 
him, nor did I expect to produce a “tem¬ 
pest in a tea-pot,” in the mind of your regu¬ 
lar correspondent, Linus Cone. I had not 
the most distant idea that he, whom I sup¬ 
posed to bo a good practical farmer (I 
judged only from what ho had said of him¬ 
self, which, I admit, is not always the most 
reliable source of information in such cases.) 
did, or could possibly, entertain such ex¬ 
travagant notions as it appears he does in 
regard to that matter. From his recent 
article, in No. 185 of the Rural, I find that 
I was entirely mistaken in my man, and that 
he advocates the absurd theories, and be¬ 
lieves the extraordinary statements of Mr.lL 
According to my understanding of Mr. 
C.’s articlo ho believes that plants and trees 
do not receive their nourishment from those 
“ long roots which run rambling off, noar 
the surface;” but from those which “ strike 
down’ into the earth. If so, of what use 
are the top dressings of the various ma¬ 
nures—those surface cultivations, hand hoe- 
ings, and harrowings, as practiced in the 
best wheat growing districts of England ? 
Do they affect those roots which strike down 
six to ten feet, or to “an almost unlimited 
extent?” If the wheat plant does, as Mr. 
R. asserts, and Mr. C. believes, (I judge 
from his writings,) “strike down ten feel 
into a stiff clay’’ (without having the clay 
first converted into a loose soil by “deep 
tillage,”) it would seem to be scarcely ne¬ 
cessary to give it any assistance, after it 
once gets headway, near the surface. It 
will surely be able to take care of itself, 
without the aid of expensive and laborious 
top-dressings, hoeings,harrowings. and 
I suppose it would savo the people of Eng¬ 
land, and probably other countries, much 
expense and labor, if the fact could be re¬ 
vealed, ivith sufficient proof of its truth. 
Mr. C. says that “ the natural tendency 
of the roots of trees and plants is down¬ 
ward and they will penetrate the soil to al- 
m >st an unlimited extent, if they meet no 
obstruction.” I never denied, nor do I now 
deny, that in the early stages of the growth 
of plants and trees, the natural tendency of 
of the roots is downward: it is a truism 
which, I presume, no one will attempt to 
deny. The laws of nature oblige them to 
do so—and an “old digger, with lib eyes 
open,” has discovered it. Now, if he will 
keep his eyes open , I think ho may, in a short 
time, without any extraordinary exertion, 
discover another equally well established 
truism, which is, that after striking down 
to a certain depth, (not to “ almost an un¬ 
limited extent,” but as low as air and heat 
are afforded.) they “run ramblingly off, 
near the surface,” in seach of their proper 
nourishment, which they could not obtain 
by striking downward, to an “ almost un¬ 
limited oxtont,” whatever tho nature of the 
soil. It might, with equal propriety, be 
said that because the natural tendency of 
the tops of trees and plants was to grow 
upward, they would grow upward to “al¬ 
most an unlimited extent;”—but the laws 
of nature have limited them, according to 
their order, and the circumstances in which 
they are placed. And, although by “ deep 
tillage” and proper pruning and training, 
they may be induced to “ strike down’ 
roots to a greater depth, and grow larger 
and taller tops than if not assisted by art. 
yet I cannot imagine how any ono can pos¬ 
sibly stultify himself to such a degreo as to 
suppose that, by any exertion of man’s in¬ 
genuity, a tree or plant could bo made to 
“strike ” downward, cr grow upward, to “an 
almost unlimited extent.” 
Mr. C. says ho “gathered wheat roots, by 
the handful, from the condict and stonos of 
a drain, more than three feet below the sur¬ 
face.” (Some difference between three feet 
into tho pulverized soil over a drain, and 
tho ten feet in depth, through a stiff clay, as 
stated by Mr. R.) But how does Mr. C. 
know that the matter which ho found was 
5 
in fact, “wheat roots?” Did ho carefully 
trace each one down from the surface ? —or, 
only, on finding a mass of matter there, 
conjecture, or presume, that it was wheat 
roots ? Was he careful “ not to pass by or 
omit noticing facts, which, if noticed, would 
have led him to entirely different copclu- 
sions?” If his conjecture (for I cannot sup¬ 
pose it to bo any thing else,) was correct, 
and tho matter which he found was, in fact, 
wheat roots, they might have boon, (and I 
think it most probable that they were,) car¬ 
ried into the drain from some distant place ; 
or, perhaps, washod down into it through 
some hole, or crevice in the drain, and its 
covering, instead of growing, or “ striking” 
down into it, to a depth of more than throo 
feet. I once found a handful, or more, of 
fibrous vegetable matter, very long and 
slender, liko coarse horse hairs, about five 
rods from the ontrance, in a lead pipe which 
I had some years previously put down to 
convoy water from a spring to my house.— 
It filled tho pipe some four rods in length, 
and prevented the water from passing 
through it. By making an incision in the 
pipe I was enabled to thrust in a wire, with 
a crook at tho end, and draw out that fibrous 
matter. It was evidently a mass of veget¬ 
able roots, but of what kind I could not, on 
the most scrutinizing examination, deter¬ 
mine. It had, undoubtedly, been carried 
into the pipe by tho water, although tho end 
of the pipe was capped, and with very small 
holes for tho admission of tho water. It is 
possible that tho matter which Mr. C. men¬ 
tions may have been “ wheat roots;” but 
from his vague description I am not satisfied 
that he positively knew that such was the fad. 
His stereotyped phrases, “ surface scratch¬ 
ing method and “ tickling the surface,'’ do 
not apply, and might better have been omit¬ 
ted. It needed but a small degree of can¬ 
dor to havo led him to suppose that others 
were as capable as himself of giving reasons 
for the “faith that was in them”-—and a lit¬ 
tle politeness might have prevented idle 
sneers at those who entertained views some 
what different from his own. ’IIiel. 
LETTER FROM AND A3 JUT NEW-ENGLAND. 
Friend Moore :— That tho “ Yankee” 
people are a “groat people,” all must ad¬ 
mit. Tho American youth makes but ono 
“jump” from pantaletts to pants, and then 
he is a full grown man—lofty in aspirations 
—elovatod in sentiment—true in principle 
—always ambitious to excel, and never 
willing to acknowledge defeat. Tho Now 
England people are particularly notod for 
their perseveranco in surmounting every 
difficulty, and removing every obstacle in 
tho way of greatness and renown. If the 
farmers of Western New York, and their 
sons and daughters, would take time to visit 
tho Eastern States, and witness the ocono- 
iny, sociability, and tho thousand and ono 
virtues of their inhabitants, they would re¬ 
turn with enlarged views of usefulness, and 
some new “notions” of economy in which 
they are sadly deficient. I will write a few 
lines for tho especial bonefit of those far¬ 
mers who are constantly in debt—never re¬ 
ceiving one cent’s interest for their money ; 
hardly enough to pay tho expenses of their 
farms—and their name is “legion”—and 
after I am through, if you do not say 
“ much obliged,” no matter. 
Take the cars at Albany and you are soon 
among the hills of old Massachusetts. On 
yonder hill-side you see a beautiful cottage, 
made for comfort and convenience, and not 
exclusively for show—surrounded with out¬ 
buildings neatly painted, all bearing the 
marks of taste, and I might add refinement, 
for slovenliness is a sure indication of gross¬ 
ness. You wonder how that farmer lives— 
much more, how ho accumulates property. 
Ilis farm is broken and rocky; tho soil 
light, and the climate not always tho most 
tomporato. The socrot is, labor there is 
honorable—all work. The farmer’s son is 
early taught to hold tho plow, or tend the 
sheep — and thus habits of industry are 
formed which continue through life. The 
farmer’s daughters are taught to believe 
that “idleness is the parent of vice and 
misery.” If they havo household duties to 
perform, it is done with their own hands.— 
If they wish to go a mile to seo a friend, 
they walk, and scorn the idea of being too 
delicate to endure a little fatigue—and yet 
those same young ladies possess strong 
minds, tender hearts, and a refinement of 
manners much more engaging than our 
stiff, piano-playing, polka-waltzing, one-idea 
womon. 
Every thing here is husbanded—time is 
husbanded — crops are tended and taken 
caro of in their season—manure is saved 
and judiciously applied ; and last, though 
not lease, every thing earned is saved, and 
not squandered. If the farmers of Massa¬ 
chusetts and Vermont were located upon 
our rich and fertile farms of Western New 
York, they would become rich—absolutely 
rich — while our extravagant farmers are 
borrowing money to pay their taxes. 
Excuso mo for extending this lotter so 
long. In iny next I will write you of Bos¬ 
ton and its vicinity, and particularly of 
Brighton, tho greatest Cattle Market in tho 
United States. J. W. Dickinson. 
Boston, August, 1853. 
Domestic Guano. —A correspondent of 
the Ohio Farmer makes what he entitles as 
above, in tho following manner :—To four 
bushels of leached ashes he puts ono bushel 
of hen manure, mixing them well with a 
shovel, and then covering the heap with 
Plaster of Paris. In a few days the mass 
will be completely dry and is left undisturb¬ 
ed until it is wished for use, when it is mix¬ 
ed over. The best time to apply it is just 
before a rain. lie is of tho opinion that a 
small handful applied to a liiil of corn will 
j add one-third to the crop. 
CROPS, &c„ IN NORTHERN PENNSYLVANIA. AGRICULTURE OF MONROE COUNTY, N. Y. GREAT SALE OF IMPORTED STOCK 
We have frequently visited tho counties 
of Bradford and Tioga, Penn., and noted tho 
fine farms they contain. Tho surface is di¬ 
versified by valleys and hills, and even with 
mountains. Much of the land is of an ordi¬ 
nary character, though some portions of it 
will vie with that of any in our State, if we 
except the choice wheat growing districts. 
Mr. A. L. Smith has communicated to the 
Owego Times the annexed description of 
the counties named, and the prospect of 
the crops: 
Theso counties have been noted for fine 
timber but it has mostly disappeared, and 
where it grew the stump machine and plow- 
are at work. This land is naturally a very 
good soil, for, as a general rule, tho land 
that will grow the largest trees, will bring 
the largest crop of grain or grass, if the 
farmer does his duty to bring forth the 
same: but I must say that tho land is a 
great deal better than tho farmers that till 
it. As a general rule the farmers in this 
country expect too much from their land. 
What I wish to be understood by this is that 
they follow up in succession crops that ex¬ 
haust tho land, without paying anything 
back as a remuneration. Very little of 
plaster is sown, and thero are but very few 
who know what bone dust or guano is when 
they see it. 
Tho reason is farmers in this vicinity think 
as they did when they were in full blast at 
lumbering, viz , that there must not be much 
expenso laid out in farming utensils, im¬ 
provement, stock, &c., for thero is not a 
three-quarter blooded bull, cow, sheep or 
hog, in tho two counties. There is not a 
drove of cattle or sheep that passes through 
here to the market, hut what aro superior 
to those raised in this vicinity. However, 
thero is an improvement visible, and if one- 
fourth of the farmers would take an agri¬ 
cultural paper, 1 think there would bo a 
decided difference in crops, stock, buildings, 
fences, ditches or drains, &c. 
About the crops, tho wheat is good—a 
little above the average—which is from 10 
to 25 bushels per acre. I shall put the av¬ 
erage of this grain at 15 bushels. The hay 
is a little better than last year, but is below 
an average, which is one ton per acre. The 
oats promise above an average, which is 
25 to 30 bushels. The corn promises tho 
fairest of all the crops. If it escapes a 
drouth it will yield 35 or 40 bushels per 
acre. The buckwheat has got a good start. 
This crop is rather an uncertain one; we 
can hardly tell what it will amount to until 
it is ready to harvest. The fruit is almost 
a total failure. This land is not our first 
quality but rather the second. 
LAKE SUPERIOR WHEAT. 
In all that has been said of the Lake Su¬ 
perior country, so much prominence has 
been given to the copper mines that its ca¬ 
pacity as an agricultural district has been 
nearly overlooked. Tho increasing demand 
for tho staff of life has led to the cultivation 
of the soil, and as a consequence good wheat 
has been raised. Tho largest amount has 
been spring wheat, but the present season 
a Mr. Oakes has grown some good winter 
wheat which is described as plump and full. 
The Lake Superior Journal thus speaks of 
the country : 
Our more southern friends entertain tho 
idea that tho ground hero must certainly 
freeze to a groat depth—such is not the 
fact. Some of our people leave a part of 
their potato crop undisturbed in the hill all 
winter, and in the spring find thorn as fresh 
and fine as if dug in tho lull. It is usually 
tho case that, so soon as our cold weather 
has fairly set in, the snow commences to 
fall almost continuously, — soon covering 
the ground to such a depth as to prevent it 
from freezing, at the same time preserving 
all vegetation until spring, when it springs 
forth with unoxampled vigor and freshness. 
We venture the assertion that there is no 
hotter grass nor wheat land upon this conti¬ 
nent than vve havo in the vicinity of Saut 
Ste Marie. All that is wanted, to prove tho 
verity of our assertion, is for some practical 
farmers to come and settle among us. But 
equally important is the establishment of a 
good flouring mill at this place. Let any 
one but reflect upon the immense quantity 
of flour which is now consumed among the 
mines of Lake Superior, and still further 
upon the unquestioned increase in the de¬ 
mand for it, and any one with half an eye 
can see that there can be no better point in 
the wide country for tho encouragement of 
an establishment ot this kind. 
Remedy for Smut in Wheat. —Stooping 
seed wheat four hours in a saturated solu¬ 
tion of chloride of lime, has been found a 
preventive of smut, (JV redo Caries.) Wheat 
perfectly clean from smut will not produce 
it, but seed can be infected by contact.— 
Washing wheat in lime and skimming out 
all the light kernels, probably acts as a pu¬ 
rifier, though tho lime in which it is after¬ 
wards rolled may provo a remedy by de¬ 
stroying the fungus. Some such applica¬ 
tion should always bo made. Smut injures 
tho weight and value of the straw as well as 
that of the grain. 
County Fairs. —In addition to tho Coun¬ 
ty Fairs heretofore announced, we learn 
that tho Genesee Co. Fair is to be hold at 
Batavia, Sept. 15 and 1G — the Livingston 
Co., at Goneseo, Sept. 28 and 29 — and tho 
St. Lawrence Co. at-.the 15th and 16th. 
Monroe county is entitled to the honor of 
producing more wheat than any other in 
the United States ; and its soil and agricul¬ 
tural history furnish an instructive lesson 
to such as appreciate tho true sources of 
national wealth. In 1845 its crop of wheat 
was 1.338 585 bushels; in 1850 it was 1,441,- 
653. Increase in five years, 103.068 bush¬ 
els. We regret that the last census does 
not give the number of acres devoted to the 
several staples grown, tho ratio of increase 
or decrease per acre of all tho principal 
crops. To produce the wheat crop of this 
county in 1845, 68.383 acres were harvested; 
showing an average yield of a fraction less 
than twenty bushels per acre. Most farm¬ 
ers believe that this average has been con¬ 
siderably increased sinco. and tho opinion 
appears to ho well founded. 
The corn crop of 1845 was 453.463 bush¬ 
els ; that of 1850 was 767.021. Increase in 
five years, 313 558. These figures show a 
gain of some seventy per cent, in the culti¬ 
vation of the most useful cereal known to 
man. and wo shall not he disappointed to 
seo the crop harvested in 1855, as shown by 
the State census of that year, reach a mil¬ 
lion bushels. The oat crop of 1845, was 
538 063; that of 1850, 449.150. Decrease, 
88,913 bushels. Potatoes in 1845. 667,491; 
in 1850. 561.425. Decrease, 106 066 bush¬ 
els. Barley, in 1845. 57,102 ; in 1850. 106,- 
049. Increase, 48 947 bushels. These show 
that the cultivation of barley had advanced 
nearly 100 per cent. 
Rye in 1845. 3.19S; in 1850, 8,14S. In¬ 
crease, 4 950 bushels. 
Beans in 1845, 4.271 ; in 1850,8,215. In¬ 
crease, 3 944 bushels. 
Peas in 1845, 66,341 bushels. [Number 
not given in tho census of 1850 ] 
Buckwheat in 1845, 31.149; in 1850, 26,- 
306. Decrease, 4 843 bushels. 
Hay in 1850, 62,602 tons. [Crop of 1845 
not given ] 
Milch cows in 1845, 19 590; in 1850, 14,- 
201. Decrease, 5 381. These figures show 
a remarkable falling off. which wo regret to 
see. In 1845. the butter returned was 1,- 
504.397 pounds; of cheese, 366 782. In 
1850, butter, 1.258 735 ; cheese. 286.653. 
Sheep in 1845. 173 952; In 1850,112.297. 
Decrease. 61 655 This is also a notable 
decrease in five years, taken in connection 
witli that of 5 381 cows, and the increase of 
acres of improved land from 281,011, in 
1845, to 302.1024, in 1850. Those last 
figures show an increase of improved land 
of 21.092 \ acres. 
Horses in 1845, 16 811, in 1850, 13 576. 
Decrease, 3 235. With more tillage, with 
21.000 acres more land under cultivation, 
and with more horses in this city, it a is cu¬ 
rious fact that tho number of horses in the 
county diminished over three thousand in 
five years. 
Number of swine in 1845. 48.493 ; in 1850 
it was 31 201. Decrease, 17,292. Taken in 
connection with the fact that the corn crop 
had increased more than three hundred 
bushels, this falling off of over seven thou¬ 
sand hogs in the county is unaccountable. 
Number of neat cattle not cows, in 1845 
19 715 ; in 1850, the number was 18 168.— 
Decrease, 1.547 ; and total decrease ol cows 
and other cattle, 6 928. 
Value of farm implements and agricultu¬ 
ral machinery in 1850. $782,833. This is 
a larger sum than any other county in the 
State returns at the last census. 
Pounds of wool in 1845, 402 926 ; in 1850 
365 084. Decrease. 37 842 It is worthy 
of notico that while tho number of sheep 
has decreased 61 655, the decrease of wool 
bears no comparison to that of sheep.— 
Koch. Amer. 
ABOUT TURNIPS. 
Turnips may remain in tho field till late. 
They are far less injured by frost than 
many are inclined to believe. It is very 
often tho case that turnips aro frozen into 
t .e ground, and on the frosts breaking up 
again in tho course of a few days, are re¬ 
moved as hard and crisp as before. The 
action of tho soil neutralizes its effects, and 
sometimes a succession of several weeks of 
warm weather, after a freezing night, adds 
as much to the weight and value of the crop 
as they gained in twice tho time before the 
advent of severe cold. A low temperature 
is favorable rather than adverse to tho de¬ 
velopment of all tho species of tho turnip 
tribe. Cabbages grow rapidly in cold 
weather ; hence the practice so prevalent 
at present, of allowing them to remain out 
till snow falls. In packing turnips of all 
kinds, care should he taken to secure them 
effectually against, the light and air. The 
more poifectly this is accomplished, the 
greater will bo tho certainty of their keep¬ 
ing well, and tho more wliolesomo and nu¬ 
tritive will they bo found, both for stock 
and for tablu uso.— JV. E■ Farmer. 
PENNSYLVANIA STATE FAIR. 
The' Pennsylvania State Agricultural So¬ 
ciety are making every arrangement to have 
a brilliant Show at Pittsburg, on the 27th, 
28th, 29th and 30th of September. They 
have appropriated $5 000 to bo awarded in 
premiums, and with great liberality havo 
thrown open tho doors of competition to 
tho whole United States, so that anybody 
can have the benefit of it. In a circular 
and show bill which wo havo received, tho 
Trustees say—“The Society make the field 
of competition co-cxtensive with the United 
Statusu and cordially invito tho citizens 
thorein to compete for tho prizes. Guests, 
officers and delegates from other State Soci¬ 
eties, are respectfully desired to enter their 
names at the Business Oflico. Tho Execu¬ 
tive Committee will ho happy to seo guests 
and officers of other State Societies at their 
rooms, at the Perry Hotel, during tho con¬ 
tinuance of the Fair.” 
Tine Cincinnati Gazette gives the following 
account of an auction sale of pure blood Short¬ 
horn and other stock belonging to the Northern 
Kentucky Importing Association, at the farm of 
Brutus Clay, in Bourbon Co., Ky., on the 18th 
ultimo. The stock sold was purchased in Eng¬ 
land during the present year. The Association 
put purchasers under obligations not to remove 
the stock from the State for one year. With tbis 
limitation the sale was well attended, and result¬ 
ed as follows : 
Bulls —1. Young Chilton, white, calved in May, 
1850, cost in England, say $600, sold for $3,005 ; 
2. Diamond, roan, calved in June, 1850, cost $630, 
sold for $6,001 ; 3. The Count, roan, calved in 
July, 1851, cost $525, sold for $2,515 ; 4. Oron- 
tos, red and white, calved September, 1851, cost 
$630, sold for $4,525 ; 5. Fusileer, roan, calved 
February, 1853, cost $375, sold for $1,475; 6. 
Senator, white, calved April, 1852, cost $630, sold 
for $2,000 ; 7. Belleville, roan, calved Jan., 1852, 
cost $1,550, sold for $1,500 ; 8. Challenger, roan, 
calved January, 1852, cost $450, sold for $ 1,858 ; 
9. Fortunatus, roan, calved December, 1852. cost 
$275, sold for $1,800; 10. Yorkshire Manyard, 
dark roan, calved in March, 1852, cost $275, sold 
for $1,000. 
Cows and Heifers .— 1. Lady Stanhope, roan, 
calved in 1847, <ost $375, sold for $1,500; 2. La¬ 
dy Fairy, red, calved in June, lb48, cost $525, 
sold for $1,150 ; Roan Dutchess, roan, calved Ju¬ 
ly, 1850, cost $275, sold for $900; 4. Goodness, 
red, calved September, 1847, cost $525, sold for 
$2,025 ; 5. Gem, roan, calved in April, 1851, cost 
$775, sold for $825; 6. Equity, deep red, calved 
March, 1852, cost $400, sold for $1,000; 7. Neck¬ 
lace, roan, calved April, 1852, cost $200, sold for 
$ v! 05 ; 8. Bracelet, roan, twin of Necklace, cost 
$260, sold $750 ; 9. Mazurka, dark roan, calved 
August, 1851, cost $600, sold for $3,050; 10. Lad y 
Caroline, light roan, calved July, 1851, cost $400, 
sold for $2,825 ; 11. Duchess of Sutherland, red, 
calved December, 1850, cost $375, sold for $900 ; 
12. Maid of Melrose, rich rose, calved October, 
1851, cost $775, sold for $2,200 ; 1.3. Muffin, red, 
roan, calved June, 1852, cost $225, sold for $535 ; 
14. Orphan Nell, roan, calved November, 1852, 
cost $325, sold for $1,000 ; 15. Flattery, white, 
calved November, 1852, cost, $225, sold for 805. 
Sheep —South-Down—3 bucks sold for $775, 
$480, $340, and 3 ewes for $250, $180, $230. 
Cotswold—2 bucks, $1,010, $710, and 6 ewes, 
$270, $ 150, $221, $230, $200, $ 150, $200. Lei¬ 
cester—1 buck and 2 ewes, sold for $52 each. 
Horses — Cleveland bav horse, ( Young Lord,) 
cost $1,000, sold for $2,800. 
We suspect this account is hardly reliable,—that 
there is something overrated, or kept in the back¬ 
ground. The prices arc too high for bona-fide 
transactions, even at a time when good stock is in 
great demand. If the figures are incorrect the 
managers of the Association will find their course 
not only detrimental to the cause of improvement, 
but ultimately injurious to themselves. We sus¬ 
pect it would be difficult to give the names and 
residences of purchasers at above prices,—as it has 
been in other cases where the pretended sales ap¬ 
peared far less extravagant. If not bought in by 
members of the Association, the prices named aro 
certainly unwarrantable. 
REVIEW OF WOOL MARKET FOR AUG., 1353. 
[From the Wool Grower and Stock Regis er.] 
The market has been very quiet during the 
month, and there has been a decline from the ex¬ 
treme prices of the spring. Local dealers are 
compelled to realize, and as the manufacturers 
have a present supply, there is no competition 
among the large city operators. This slate of 
things will continue for sometime, usually until 
October or November, when manufacturers begin 
to go into market, and prices brace up, and the 
demand becomes more active. 
Foreign markets have been firm at an advance, 
and the demand is still in excess of the supply, 
notwithstanding the large supply from Australia. 
The present unsettled state of the relations be¬ 
tween Russia and Turkey had some influence 
upon the last great trade sales at London, but still 
juices have not seriously declined. The tariff, if 
properly applied, would at this time so operate 
upon foreign wools as to make our own the cheap¬ 
est at the current rates established this year.— 
Should a war spring up in Europe, as there is now 
a pretty sure prospect, wool must command a 
high price. At all events there is little prospect 
of a decline for some time to come. p. 
Foreign Wool Market. 
It will be seen by the following that wool has 
been affected by the war question, and not by a 
a super abundant supply, as has been intimated 
in certain quarters. It is also worthy of note that 
there has not as yet been any increase in the im¬ 
ports from Australia. v. 
[From our own Correspondent-] 
LivEiirooL, Aug. 1, 1853. 
Prices current at Liverpool: 
Australian, average,.Is. 8d. to 2s. 9d.—[40@66c.] 
German, fleece,. Is. fid. to 4s. Ud.- —j 
lambs,.Is. b'd. to 4s. 5d.— [36@i,12J 
United States fine Merino, 
clean washed,.2s. 2d. to 2s. 4d.—[52<§)61e.] 
The transactions in Wool by private contract 
during the last month were again on a limited 
scale and considerably out of proportion with the 
present satisfactory rate of consumjition. For 
some time past manufacturers have been working 
up stock, and keeping out of the market, so that 
business has been very flat, and prices 5 to 7)4 per 
cent. lower than before the Rosso-Turkish affair. 
The last ten days we have noticed a better feel¬ 
ing, and several sales have been made, in some 
cases at full rates, but generally at the above 
reduction. 
The London Public Sales of 60,000 bales Aus¬ 
tralian, Cape, Ac., progress with steadiness at about 
Id. per lb. below the average rates of May and 
June; the best flocks suffering in a less degreo 
than the inferior and ill-conditioned. 
The imports into England from our Australian 
Colonies have been 88,603 bales in the first seven 
months of the present year, against 88,978 bales 
in the corresponding period of 1852. 
A. Gartside & Co., Wool Brokers . 
The Gorham Town Fair is to be held Sept. 
20—Stafford, Sept. 29. 
