* 
- o 
360 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
(f&fcitfatad. 
Written for the Rural New-Yorker. 
THE FEMALE TEACHER.-No. I. 
One of tho most sacred missions of the 
female, especially in early womanhood, is 
that of instructing the young in school; and 
tho wide field open in this behalf for the 
display of all tho gentle and generous traits 
of female character is occupied extensively 
by a largo class of our most worthy and 
pure-minded young countrywomen. Intel¬ 
ligent, high principled, and presevering, 
they aro not placed so high by fortune as to 
remove them from the necessity of labor, 
nor so low as to preclude them from the 
advantages of a substantial and useful, if not 
an ornamental and fashionable education. 
There aro perhaps no two years of a 
young lady’s life, asido from those during 
which sho receives her domestic training 
under the parental roof, so well calculated 
to develop her moral powers, teach her self- 
reliance, and call into activity all her capa¬ 
cities for usefulness in tho sacred sphero of 
woman’s duties, as tho first two years which 
she spends as a teacher in school. It is 
there she first learns to put into practical 
uso the education she has herself previously 
received; to render her own powers of mind 
really useful to the world by imparting to 
the young, those first lessons of instruction 
which tend to dignify and adorn humanity; 
to load tho wayward and uncertain stops of 
childhood into the portals of tho temple of 
science, and to point out to him tho upward 
road ; to teach the unskillful hand of early 
youth how to grasp the key which unlocks 
tho treasury of knowledge, and opens up to 
him a careef of intellectual greatness and 
glory. 
If any young lady had set apart specially 
for educational purposes, the fivo years of 
her life next previous to tho time of enter¬ 
ing upon the sphere of duty as a wife and 
mistress of a family, she would bo much 
further advanced in intellectual develop¬ 
ment and strength of character, and far 
better fitted to adorn an exalted station by 
spending two or three years in a school as 
a teacher, rather than all of them as a pupil. 
But in this, as in all other pursuits whore 
intellectual advantage is dosired, tho young 
novice has many trials and discouragements 
to encounter, many a sad hour to pass thro’, 
many a cloud to dispel which gathers darkly 
and threateningly around her path. Dull, 
ignorant, and refractory pupils ; prejudiced, 
fault-finding, and ungrateful parents; ponu- 
xdous, grudging, and exacting (so-called) 
patrons, try her patience, and call for the 
exercise of all her forbearance. Tho path 
of the young teacher is not all shadow how- 
ever$%>r there is much on the other hand to 
cheer and encourage. Tho consciousness 
of performing to the best of her ability a 
sacred duty carries its own reward ; and the 
earnest, loving, and childish confidence of 
the more numerous and better class of pu¬ 
pils ; tho approval of all intelligent parents 
who desire the advancement of their child¬ 
ren ; and tho earnest co-operation of all tho 
friends of education, will pay her for many 
a sad trial. 
It is a matter of deep regret that the 
wages of female teachers are not commen¬ 
surate with tho benefits conferred; but in 
this respect it follows tho inexorable law 
which dooms female labor in all capacities 
and spheres to a lower scale of prices than 
that of man. In teaching, as in all other 
departments of business, femalo labor is re¬ 
garded as merely temporary in its nature 
and auxiliary to that of the other sex.— 
Wherever employed, tho young female (and 
to her honor bo it spoken.) looks forward to 
the time when she will bo called upon to 
exchange the duties of an employe for the 
duties of a wife. Neither she nor her em¬ 
ployers regard her position as fixed for life, 
and the temporary mature of tho engage¬ 
ment is a powerful ejoment in fixing tho low 
scale of compensation. Tho fair occupant 
of the school-room is no exception to the 
rule, for very few of them, unless, as too 
frequently happens, they are early removed 
by death, continue to teach to tho end of 
their days; and many a man besides tho 
writer has beon blessed heretofore, and 
many others will bo hereafter, by their 
willingness to change, when what they deem 
a fitting opportunity occurs. Fortunate as 
the results may bo in all such cases, it can¬ 
not be denied that tho tondoncy is to keep 
down the scale of wages, for no employment 
either for male or female, will command the 
highest rate of compensation, unless it is 
pursued as the business of a wholo life. 
It is a matter of rejoicing that so many of 
our young countrywomen engage, at least 
for a time, in tho capacity of teachers, and 
tho low rate of compensation is attended 
with at least one good consequence, in that 
it places the advantages of a common school 
education within tho reach of all. Many of 
tho brightest ornaments of society, as loving 
wives and exemplary mothers, as patrons of 
education and active auxiliaries to their 
successors, are tho women transferred to tho 
domestic circle from the school room ; and 
many a benedict has reason to bless the 
hour when in his bachelor days ho became 
acquainted with tho mistress of the village 
school. 
Let all men join in sustaining and en¬ 
couraging tho female teacher, for society 
owes her a debt that cannot easily be can¬ 
celed, and he who would wantonly throw an 
obstacle in the way of the young femalo 
just ontoring upon its trying duties, or who 
would fail to encourago and cheer her on in 
tho midst of difficulties and discouragements 
is deserving of unmitigated reproach and 
oxecration. 
GOOD MANNERS. 
Tiie good sound sense of tho subjoined 
extract, should recommend it to tho atten¬ 
tion of all thoso who are in any way entrust¬ 
ed with the care of youth : 
“ It is a matter of sound policy to culti¬ 
vate tho manners of our children. For 
gentle manners and a kind and obliging ad¬ 
dress will do more to gather around us firm 
and enduring friends, than strength of mind 
and superiority of attainments. The man¬ 
ners to which we refer, are the fruit of tho 
cultivation of a kind heart; the outpour¬ 
ings of benevolence, sincerity and inward 
purity. In all the departments and profes¬ 
sions of life, wo prefer, other things being 
equal, to avail ourselves of the services of 
persons of agreeable and obliging manners. 
They aro coin of great intrinsic value, and 
everywhere current. We may bo allowed 
to glance at somo of tho features of good 
manners, such as we desire to have taught 
and practiced in our schools, and such as all 
persons in well ordered society aro bound 
to observe. The conventional rules for so¬ 
ciety aro not arbitrary enactments, which 
any who choose have a right to set at defi¬ 
ance. They aro essential to tho mainte¬ 
nance and enjoyment of social intercourse, 
and tho fui'therance of its highest ends.— 
Every person who enjoys tho privileges and 
benefits of society, is morally bound to ob¬ 
serve its wholesome rules. Ill breeding is 
a sin against good morals, as well as a breach 
of social laws. No person has any right to 
act the clown in well ordered society, or to 
be unkind and offensive, setting at defiance 
tho laws made for its convenience and com¬ 
fort, by common consent. The leading fea¬ 
ture of good manners is a scrupulous obser¬ 
vance of all tho rules that regulate social 
intercourse. Let the pupils of our schools 
be required to observe them in their inter¬ 
course with each other and their teachers, 
and upon all other occasions. Many of these 
rules abstractly considered, aro little things; 
and yet' in their influence upon the con¬ 
venience and pleasure of social intercourse, 
they are great things. A particle of dust 
is a small thing, yet in the eye, which it ir¬ 
ritates, it becomes great in its influence. 
So an infringement of the rules of good 
breeding may be of itself of small moment, 
but it often becomes important in the fric¬ 
tion and irritation which it produces in so¬ 
cial intercourse.” 
TWO WAYS OF DOING A THING. 
We wore passing leisurely along one of 
our streets tho other evening, watching the 
sport of a group of youngsters, when our 
ears were assailed by tho sharp, angry tones 
of a woman: 
“ Hero, you, John Smith ! come into the 
house this moment 1” 
One of the boys just turned his head, giv¬ 
ing, at the samo time, a rather unfilial shrug, 
then resumed tho play. 
“Do you hear what I say, John Smith ? 
March quick, or you’ll catch it, I tell you !” 
We rather think Johnny did “catch it,” 
for we heard, after wo had passed, a jerk and 
a slap, accompanied by a smothered yell, as 
the door was very violently slammed to. 
Wo wont on our way, doubting whether 
this course of treatment was exactly tho 
best, under the circumstances, particularly 
as the countenance of tho lad indicated the 
greatest good nature. 
As we were cogitating on the matter, we 
turned the corner, and came upon another 
group of lads in front of a house, the door 
of which was at that moment opened. 
“ Willie,” said a mild and pleasant voice. 
“ Did you call, mother ?” asked one of the 
boys, coming on to tho sidewalk. 
“ Yes, my son. It is getting late, have 
you not played sufficiently to-day ?” 
“I should like to stay out a little longer, 
if you please.” 
The mother patted tho boy on tho head, 
and smilingly said— 
“I should not object, if it were nofrpast 
your bed-time. Have you forgotten, Wil¬ 
lie, tho linos you repeated to mo this morn¬ 
ing”— 
“ Early to bed and early to rise, 
Make one healthy, happy and wise,” 
chimed tho boy quickly. “Yes, mother, I 
romember them. Good night, Tommy, good 
night, Harry,” and taking his mother’s hand, 
ho went very cheerfully into the house. 
This sot us again cogitating. Our tho’ts 
run on tho laws of kindness and force.— 
What would be their effects on the two lads 
who had been subjected to them ? Is it not 
the inevitable tendency of the one to beget 
kindness, amiability, obedience—and of the 
other obstinacy, ill-temper, disobedience ? 
No one will dispute this, wo think. 
Good Advice. —If you would relish your 
food, labor for it; if you would sleep Bound- 
ly, tako a clear conscience to bed with you; 
if you would enjoy tho raimont, pay for it 
before you wear it. 
JOHN DELAFIELD . 
In connection with tho above excellent 
portrait, we present our readers with a brief 
biographical sketch of the original—whoso 
recent and sudden decease was chronicled 
in our last number. 
Mu. Delafield was born in the city of 
New York in 1786, but a portion of his ear¬ 
ly life was passed upon his father’s farm on 
Long Island. Hero, in tho intervals of 
study and business, was given the first im¬ 
pulse to that taste for agricultural pursuits 
which so honorably distinguished him—an 
impulso which gathered strength by manly 
and healthful exerciso as an occasional as¬ 
sistant in tho active labors of the farm.— 
Here, and thus early, he became convinced 
that tho life of tho tiller of tho soil was ono 
of the most honorablo and useful which 
could bo chosen. 
Mr. D. graduated at Columbia Collego, 
after which, as junior clerk, he was employ¬ 
ed in tho counting-house of a firm largely 
engaged in tho East India trade. In tho 
difficulties which preceded tho war of 1812, 
Mr. D. was appointed to tho command of 
a fleet of merchant vessels which visited va¬ 
rious foreign ports to collect and send homo 
tho property of our merchants. They made 
their head-quarters at Havana, visiting 
Spain and Portugal in furtherance of their 
object—whero ho improved every opportu¬ 
nity to extend his acquaintance with tho ag¬ 
riculture of thoso countries. 
Soon after, on tho commencement of the 
war, Mr. Delafield being wrecked on tho 
coast of England, became a prisoner on 
parole, but, from his previous pursuits, be¬ 
ing well known to prominent, influential 
British business men, ho was kindly treated 
and allowed tho range of a circle of thirty 
miles in diameter, including London and 
vicinity in its limits. Ho also obtained li¬ 
cense to make excursions into the best ag¬ 
ricultural districts, visiting freely among 
the most prominent and successful cultiva¬ 
tors of tho country, and becoming person¬ 
ally interested in tho care of a small farm 
in Buckinghamshire. 
On tho return of peace, Mr. Delafield, 
from various inducements, concluded to re¬ 
main in London, and for eight or nine years 
was well known on the London Exchange 
as tho American Banker. Here he obtained 
that influence, and established thoso rela¬ 
tions which enabled him on his return to 
his native city, to bring millions of foreign 
capital into circulation throughout the coun¬ 
try, particularly in the Southern and West¬ 
ern States. 
In 1S39, ho effected his last Illinois State 
Loan. Tho repudiation of this debt des¬ 
troyed Mr. Delafield’s private fortune, 
and, unfortunately as it may have soomed 
to him, but happily for tho agricultural in¬ 
terests of Western Now York, induced him 
to devote his attention to practical farming 
and matters therewith intimately connect¬ 
ed. Though for twenty years ono of tho 
most active and successful Bankers of tho 
city of New York, ho never lost his interest 
in his favorite pursuit, and devoted his leis¬ 
ure time to the care of a small farm near 
the city. The agricultural publications of 
our own and foreign countrios were ever 
found on his table, and often were seen side 
by side with State bonds for millions upon 
his official desk. * 
In 1842 Mr. D. removed to his late resi¬ 
dence, known as “ Oaklands,” at Roso Hill, 
Seneca county. Here his efforts for Rural 
Improvement and the best interests of com¬ 
munity, were worthy of all praise—and ero 
long ho bccamo known and valued as one of 
the most efficient and prominont agricul¬ 
turists in tho Empiro State. This honora¬ 
blo course justly elevated him, in 1851, to 
tho Presidency of tho N. Y. State Ag.’l 
Society. At tho time of his doath, Mr. D. 
was President elect of tho N. Y. State Ag¬ 
ricultural College, and most zealously en¬ 
gaged in efforts to establish that as a model 
institution for Agricultural Education. Ho 
was also President of tho Seneca Co. Ag. 
Society. During his residence in Soneca, 
Mr. D. accomplished much in promotion of 
the agricultural interests of that County 
and Westorn New York, and his efforts in 
that behalf will long be remembered, and 
his memory cherished, by tho right think¬ 
ing and progressive portion of community. 
EDUCATION vs. WOMAN’S RIGHTS. 
An old Grecian philosopher once said, 
“I had rather bo tho ram than the son of a 
Megarean.” This two-edged sarcasm was 
occasioned by the care tho Mogareans took 
of their flocks, while they neglectod tho ed¬ 
ucation of their children. It would not bo 
too severe upon somo men to call them by 
name, and to say something similar now.— 
Especially is this tho case in respect to the 
education of their daughters. “ It costs too 
much.” Teachers of cheap qualifications 
must “keep” tho public schools, and to 
send daughters from homo is not to be 
thought of. If then, as in tho dark ages, 
at the present day tho poor allow their 
daughters to grow up having acquired only 
the simplest rudiments of knowledge, while 
tho daughters of the rich, taught in addition 
little besides embroidery and music, com¬ 
plete their education at sixteen and thence¬ 
forth devote themselves to dress and socie¬ 
ty ; what wonder if with such a preparation 
for life’s duties, men should esteem them 
according to their station, rather as servants 
or playthings than as companions ? What 
wonder if the daughters thus trained are 
vain, fickle, passionato, or lacking in sound 
judgment ? What wonder if women are 
ignorant, and negligent of their social and 
political rights ; or that their husbands and 
brothers should trespass upon them ? 
Such has been the case. But a change 
has como. As schools havo improved and 
higher seminaries for females multiplied, 
it is discovord that wemon are shut out by 
custom from a large sharo of the most lu¬ 
crative and honorable employments. They 
may compete with tho foreign domestic, or 
they may 
“ Stitch, stitch, stitch 
In poverty, hunger and dirt, 
Sewing at once with a double thread, 
A shroud as well as a shirt.” 
Or they may teach at half the price their 
brothers would receivo for tho samo labor, 
if they can find employment. 
Is it singular that they should complain 
of this stato of things ? Is it to bo suppos¬ 
ed that educated women, able and willing 
to do anything not unbecoming their sex, 
will bo silent on this subject ? It is easy for 
the heartless or unthinking to snoer; it is 
oasy to point to instances in which the ad¬ 
vocate of “ Woman’s Rights ” has erred, 
has manifested moro zeal than discretion. 
But whilo such cases may retard, they can¬ 
not entirely prevent tho progress of reform. 
To do that, ono must go deepor—must close 
female seminaries, and blot out tho religion 
which teaches that woman was born to bo 
not the slave, but the companion of man, on 
earth and in heaven.— Examiner. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
FRANKY’ S SLUMBER. 
BY MRS. S. WEBSTER LLOYD. 
A little girl lay dying, 
A child of scarce three years; 
Above her bent the mother 
In agony and tears. 
And we who watched beside her, 
Knew that her end was nigh; 
Death’s damp was no her forehead. 
Death’s film before her eye. 
But as the daylight faded, 
In a clear sweet voice she said, 
“ Come sister, it is growing dark, 
And I must go to bed.”* 
Lower her mother bendeth, 
But caught no coming breath ; 
The sweet voice never spoke again 
Dear Frankly slept in death. 
Within the village church-yard. 
Her last cold bed was made; 
And there in all its loveliness 
The cherub form was laid. 
Ofteu her sister stands beside 
The little grave to weep, 
But she never has a colder thought 
Than “ Franky is asleep.” 
Over one other heart at least, 
The precious words that fell 
From little Franky's dying lips, 
Come with a holy spell: 
For Death has ever since to me, 
Seemed beautiful and blessed; 
The quiet slumber of the tomb 
More like a heavenly rest. 
r The last words of little Frances Watson. 
What does education moan but tho re¬ 
generation of tho mind ? 
It is said that a Scotch clergyman once 
undertook to convert some French prison¬ 
ers confined in a castle. Returning from 
tho castle ono day, tho Missionary mot 
Dr. Ilonry, when the following dialogue, as 
wo learn from a popular monthly, took 
place : 
“ What ha’e ye been doing in the castlo, 
Mr. John ?” 
“ I’ve beon about my Master’s work, Doc¬ 
tor, converting tho poor deluded bodies, the 
French prisoners. 
“ A most orthodox employment; of courso 
you understand the languago.” 
“ Na, ne’er a word of French can I 
speak.” 
“Astonishing! how did you get in ?” 
“ To tell the truth, Doctor, it was no easy 
matter; for the first time when I tried to 
bo serious with them, thoyjocred and mado 
a fool o’ mo, but I fell on a bettor plan next 
day : I ordered a great bowl o’ punch, and 
wo sat around it and drank to ano anither ; 
they leugh end I lough, and ye ken, Doctor, 
tho Lord works his ain work.” 
Too many at tho present time pursuo 
subtantially tho courso adopted by tho 
Scotchman with his bowl of punch. To 
gain an influence with those they aim to 
convort, ministers aro seen taking tho lead 
in tho gay and fashionable circle, and at tho 
party or tho fair. Professedly for tho same 
object, they crowd into every popular 
worldly institution that can bo named seem¬ 
ing to think that if the good will of sinners 
can bo obtained, ovon though it bo around 
a bowl ot punch, in tho fashionable party, 
or at tho fair, then tho work of conversion 
is half done. Alas ! if they know the truth 
they would know that this conformity to the 
pleasures and follies of tho unconverted, 
dishonors tho sacred office, grieves the Holy 
Spirit, paralyzes their strength as Christ’s 
ambassadors, and renders it certain that 
Heaven will seek other instrumentalitity 
for tho conversion of sinners.— Religions 
Telescope. 
Infants in Heaven.— Beautiful is an in¬ 
fant, whatever wo may picturo it to our¬ 
selves. Beautiful in tho cradle. Beautiful 
upon a parent’s knee. Beautiful, awake, 
asleep. Beautiful at play, in tho corner of 
the room, or under tho shade tree before 
tho door. Beautiful as a lamb in the Sa¬ 
viour’s arms. Beautiful at tho font of bap¬ 
tism. Beautiful beneath the coffin lid. Yes 
beautiful even there, in the loveliness of 
death—with hands folded peacefully—with 
brow like moulded wax—with eyes closed in 
sleep—“ perchance to dream !”—with lips 
so gracefully composed, as if to say. — “I 
murmur not,”— and with its whole face ra¬ 
diant with a smile, which is tho imprint of 
its dying vision I 
“THE SABBATH A DELIGHT.” 
To tho Christian as to tho saevod Psalm¬ 
ist, tho Sabbath is ever “ a delight.” To 
the toilor it comes as a blessed day of rest 
and quietness after tho labors of the week. 
But it is this and moro, to tho disciplo of 
Christ ; and how delightful to hear the 
sound of tho bell which calls to tho sanctua¬ 
ries of the Giver of the Sabbath—to worship 
in tho courts of His earthly temples,—all 
preparatory to tho rest and worship which is 
tho inhoritanqo of His saints in the Heaven¬ 
ly city. There tho soul bows in tho hum¬ 
ble sincerity of a grateful heart, before Him 
to whom we owe every favor which we en¬ 
joy. There, from communion with God, 
and from thegracious teachings of His Word, 
wo gain strength for the duties of tho week 
and grace to bear the trials it brings us.— 
Bless God, for His day—“ tho pearl of days” 
to all on whom it shines ! Well is it charac¬ 
terized as— 
“ The day which Gok hath blest, 
The brightest of the seven, 
Type of that everlasting rest 
The saints enjoy in Heaven.” 
Maple Ilill, N. Y., Oct. 1853. 
ASSIMILATION TO THE WORLD 
