MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
375 
THE HORSE. 
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM—URINARY ORGANS—BREEDING, 
FRACTURES, AND SHOEING. 
The following is a report of one of a series of 
lectures on the Horse, his Anatomy, Diseases, Ac., 
by Dr. Slade, of Boston, as published in the Pos¬ 
tal Traveler: 
The nervous system of the horse, the lecturer 
remarked in opening, is the grand motive power 
of the animal. It is centered in the brain and 
spinal marrow. The brain is very small in pro¬ 
portion to its bulk, contrasted with that of man. 
From tire brain proceeds cords called nerves, by 
which he receives pleasurable or painful feelings. 
To the eyes, the nose, the cars, we find these 
cords extending. Nerves of involuntary motion 
are those which are kept in action, though the an¬ 
imal may be asleep. From the brain is also given 
off the spinal marrow, running through the spine 
and sending out into various parts of the body 
branches known as spinal nerves. Sympathetic 
nerves surround the heart and other vital parts. 
Neurotomy, or division of the nerves, has for 
years been practised on men, but only lately in 
veterinary science. The nerve is divided just 
above the fetlock joint often, to relieve pain in 
the foot 
The urinary organs the lecturer next described. 
The kidneys are employed in separating the 
watery substance, and drawing from the blood the 
urine, which would prove highly injurious if al¬ 
lowed to remain. Dietetic medicines are often 
applied with great success in removing water from 
the chest, abdomen, Ac. When applied, the horse 
should be allowed to drink all the water ho pleases. 
Inflammation of the kidneys often occurs. The 
horse looks at his loins, separates his legs, and 
will not lie down. He also desires to urinate 
continually. Over-exertion, strains on the parts, 
exposure to wet, and the eating of burnt mown 
hay, or kiln-burnt oats, cause the disease. Suffi¬ 
cient care is not taken in this country to protect 
the loins of the horse when exposed in bad 
weather. The secretions of the horse differ very 
much at times. 
The urine, after being secreted by the kidneys, 
passes into the bladder, a small vessel, having a 
neck through which it escapes. The bladder is 
sometimes inflamed, both the body and the neck. 
Sometimes we find stone in the bladder and kid¬ 
ney, and sometimes by skillful physicians they 
are removed. 
The breeding of the horse is a subject of great 
importance. Nature has provided for' the repro¬ 
duction of the species, and from the month of 
April to July we find the female in “heat,” when 
the genital organs experience a change which pe¬ 
culiarly fits them for breeding. 
The period of going with foal is from eleven to 
twelve months, although the time varies much in 
different mares. The mare is capable of repro¬ 
duction at three or four years of age, and should 
not be used before that age. The animal also 
should not be too old, as the colt inherits much 
of the weakness of the mother, and lacks that 
stamina so requisite for a good horse. The pecu¬ 
liarities of both parents are inherited by the colt, 
and attention should be paid to the breed of both 
animals. 
“Breeding in-and-in,” or the production of 
colts from blood relatives, is favored by some, and 
by others deemed a depreciating process. The 
lecturer thought that breeding in-and-in did not 
deteriorate the good qualities of the horse, al¬ 
though there are often hereditary evils which 
crossing will remove. The English blood horse, 
the best in the world, is a cross between the na¬ 
tive English and the Arabian. Crossing, when 
properly conducted, improves the animal, but 
when abused produces poor horses. 
Fractures, caused by. blows, falls, and external 
violence, may sometimes be relieved by man.— 
There are three kinds of fractures—simple, com¬ 
pound and complicated. If old horses have their 
limbs fractured, it is of no use to attempt any re¬ 
lief. Homes with, fractures, if rendered useless 
for work, can bo sometimes profitably used in 
breeding. In most cases of fracture the animals 
should be killed. 
The shoeing of the horse was first introduced 
into England by William the Conqueror. Shoes 
are necessary, and yet subject the foot to the lia¬ 
bility of many injuries. The removal of old 
shoes is a most important part of the process of 
shoeing. The clinched nails should be removed 
with care, and not wrenched out, as is often the 
manner pursued by our blacksmiths. Rasping is 
the next process, and removes all pieces of nails. 
Baring is a most important part of the opera¬ 
tion, and few blacksmiths understand how to pare 
out skillfully. The heel should not be much 
pared, and good care should be taken of the bars. 
They should not be cut away, but should be re¬ 
spected. The portions between should be cut out. 
The frog should always be left on a level with 
the edge of the shoe. The selection of the shoe 
is also an important point, and often the foot is 
made to fit the shoe instead of the shoe the foot. 
The shoe should bo bevelled out on the outer sur¬ 
face, and should fit exactly to the parts of the 
hoof, and for this purpose the shoe is applied hot, 
to show the parts necessary to be pared off to 
make it fit. 
ECONOMY IN SAVING FOOD FOR STOCK. 
Linus Conk, in the Fanner's Companion, in an 
admirable article on tliis subject, makes the fol¬ 
lowing remarks : 
When the corn is husked the stalks should be 
bound m small bundles and set up some twenty- 
five or thirty together, and bound firmly around 
the tops with a hay or straw band. If there are 
vacant spaces in the barns and sheds so as to 
scatter the stalks and leave them only two or three 
bundles in thickness it is well to haul them in 
when dry, but if not, it is better to leave them in 
the field until spaces occur to put them in or until 
they are wanted for use, for it will not do to put 
them in large bodies on account of their liability 
to heat. Cornstalks saved in the way here men¬ 
tioned will be worth a vast deal more than those 
saved in the common way. 
Straw is another valuable and important item 
of fodder, and one too that is often wasted, or 
secured and fed in such a manner as to be of little 
value. Because cattle, horses and sheep would 
not live and thrive on wet, frozen, half-rotted 
straw, some have supposed there was little nutri¬ 
ment in it, and hence take little care to save it in 
good order. When grain is thrashed, the straw 
should, if possible, be put immediately under 
cover, which can generally be done by returning 
it to the place from whence the grain was taken. 
But a far better plan would be to abandon the 
present mode of threshing the grain all at once, 
and thresh it at intervals, so that all the straw and 
chaff could be housed and fed to advantage. 
Scours in Sheep. — The best remedy we know 
of for scouring in sheep, is milk thickened with 
wheat flour A pint should he given twice a day 
till the unnatural discharge is stopped. 
irafr (iarkiL 
AUTUMN Vs. SPRING PLANTING. 
We aro frequently asked, which is the 
best time for transplanting fruit trees— 
spring or fall. Thoro is no subject connect¬ 
ed with horticulture on which thoro is 
greater diversity of opinion, than on this.— 
A farmer who has plantod a few trees in 
the spring that havo dono well, becomes a 
strenuous advocate of spring planting, while 
another whoso trees did not succeed de¬ 
nounces it. So it is in regard to fall plant¬ 
ing; one plants on cold, exposed, wot soil, 
anu his trees winter kill, and lie thinks and 
loudly assorts that in this cold winter cli¬ 
mate, fall planting will not answer. Tho 
fact is, that on well prepared soil, either 
fall or spring transplanting will answer.— 
We havo no choice on the subject. It is a 
moro matter of convenience. It is difficult 
to say which is tho best season to plant on 
a cold, ill-prepared, undrained soil, wheth¬ 
er there is moro to bo feared from the cold 
of winter, or tho drouth of summor. On 
one point, howover, wo aro fully decided.— 
If a farmor cannot afford to prepare tho 
soil proporly, ho cannot afford to plant at 
all. In good situations, on naturally dry, 
or what is still better, on thoroughly under- 
drainod soil, fruit culture is attended with 
much pleasuro, and great profit. On tho 
other hand, careless and ignorant fruit grow¬ 
ing, will afford neithor pleasure to tho mind, 
nor money to tho pocket. In a recont 
number of Hovey’s Magazine, the following 
reasons aro givon in favor of fall planting : 
1. Tho time is longer than in spring. 
2. The ground is in hotter condition. 
3. Tho trees are then in tho most dor¬ 
mant state. 
4. The roots, where cut, heal hotter, and 
aro prepared to send out fresh ones even 
before the frost is out of the ground. 
5. Tho winter and spring rain settles tho 
earth around tho roots. 
G. Tho trees are well established before 
warm weather overtakes them. 
AMERICAN GRAPES IN EUROPE. 
Of tho immense number of European va¬ 
rieties of grapes imported into this country, 
few, if any, havo proved valuable ; on tho 
other hand, American varieties have boon 
despised in Europe. Tho grapo mildew, 
which wo have several times mentioned as 
at present threatening tho utter destruction 
of the vines in the principal European wine 
countrios, brings a curious fact to light, 
which if confirmed by futuro trials, will rev¬ 
olutionize tho entiro system of grapo culti¬ 
vation in Europe. It is found that while 
overy European grapo is affected by tho 
mildew, Amorican varieties imported into 
Europe are but slightly, if at all, attacked 
by tho discaso. Wo, in America, have 
scarcely any realizing sense of tho utter 
despair which this malady has cast upon 
all tho principal vino growing districts of 
Europe. It is second only to tho despair 
and misery produced in Ireland, in 1845, by 
tho potato diseaso. 
Tho London Gardeners’ Chronicle has 
received specimens of diseasod vines from 
the Upper and Lower Corgo, and says : 
“The diseaso is quito as virulent as in tho 
worst English specimens, and tho shoots, 
instead of presenting a clear healthy brown, 
were partially or entirely black, an unfail¬ 
ing indication, unhappily, of unhealthy 
shoots tho ensuing year. The grapes aro 
in every stage of diseaso, from simple de¬ 
pauperation to downright corruption. 
Though tho method employed by M. 
Grison is so ollicacious when practiced on a 
small scale, it requires too much capital for 
tho poorer cultivators of Portugal; and tho 
total amputation recommended by some 
authors is hope so long delayed as to make 
tho hoart of tho needy vine-dresser sick in¬ 
deed. Mr. Robert Thompson, however, to 
whom wo are indebted for much of tho ac¬ 
companying information, writes as fol¬ 
lows :—“ Bleeding tho vine, by cutting its 
roots, has been recommended, and instances 
have boon adduced to prove tho efficacy of 
this mode of treatment; but the vino has 
such power of developing shoots and loaves 
that 1 cannot imagine how plethora could 
tako place. Besido, wo find woakly plants 
aro as liablo to the diseaso as those of full 
habit. It may, therefore, be concluded that 
tho beneficial rosult of root-pruning do- 
ponds on something else. It does away 
with tap-roots that perhaps were worse 
than useless from being in dry subsoil, and 
which, from being the principal feeders, 
havo not afforded an adequate supply to 
the vessels connected with thorn. I had 
some Apricot trees so attacked year after 
year with mildew that not one fresh healthy 
groon loaf could bo found. They wore 
taken up carefully in autumn, and tho bor¬ 
der was well trenched. Tho trees were 
then replanted, and afterward boro a 
healthy foliage. The same may hold good 
as regards the vine.” 
It appears, moreover, that tho Amorican 
varieties or species, when introduced into 
Europe, are very slightly if at all subject to 
bo attacked ; on tho contrary, the European 
varieties, whon cultivated in tho Northern 
States, at least ot America, ai’o so subject to 
mildew that no one will persist in their cul¬ 
tivation on a largo scalo, though in conser¬ 
vatories the sulphur system has boon adopt¬ 
ed, it is said, for years boforo the diseaso 
becamo generally known in Europe. The 
Americans have had cultivators from the 
wine countries on tho Rhino and elsowhoro, 
who have carried with them their own vari¬ 
eties, concluding from tho soil and climate 
that thoy should make a fortune. But in 
three years all their plants wore swept off 
by tho mildew. 
The attention, therefore, of tho moro op¬ 
ulent vino growers should be especially di¬ 
rected to tho superior varieties of American 
grapes, especially such as are not of a foxy 
flavor, and tho sooner such varieties aro 
procured tho better. Orders should bo im¬ 
mediately transmitted through safe and ju¬ 
dicious hands, for cuttings ; or what would 
bo better still, somo intelligent practical 
mon should themselves at onco proceed to 
America to obtain them from tho sourco 
most freo from suspicion, or at least pro¬ 
cure tho best which at presont exist in 
Europe. It is true that somo years must 
elapso before any general benofit could bo 
derived, but if this plan holds forth no hope, 
there is at present little reliance on any 
other. It is true that the Amorican kinds 
are by no means equal to the European, and 
loss calculated for wino, as it would seem 
from tho small product of tho American 
vintage; but a judicious selection might bo 
expected in good hands not to be valueless. 
Wo havo in vain inquired after the vino 
mildew in the Southern States, though we 
havo scon an imperfect specimen which had 
a very suspicious appearance. Unfortu¬ 
nately, among somo fifteen hundred authen¬ 
tic specimens of tho fungi of tho United 
States described by Schweinitz, which wo 
havo latoly received, there is not any spe¬ 
cimen of Erysiphe necator, which is some¬ 
times so destructive to tho fruit. 
It is curious that the grapo mildew should 
have fonnd its way to America from Eng¬ 
land, whereas there is somo reason to be¬ 
lieve Morren’s notion that the Botrytis in- 
festans of tho potato-murrain travelled into 
Europe from America.” 
The Apple Crop in Great Britain. —An 
English cori’ospondont in a recent letter 
says : — “ Applos are unusually plentiful 
this season, so mnch so, that farmers are 
giving them to their milch cows and pigs, 
and find that they aro quito equal to pota¬ 
toes for feeding purposes. For tho first 
time since I left Rochester, (3 years sinco,) 
I havo boon luxuriating on applo sass, and 
thinking of tho good old times in Westorn 
New York. For tho last fifteen months it 
has dono nothing hero but rain, rain, l-ain, 
making rare times for umbrella makers 
’bus mon and doctors.” 
Grape Vine Malady. —Tho “ Society of 
Encouragement” in Franco, has offered 
two prizes of three thousand francs each for 
the best treatiso on tho diseaso of tho vine; 
and for the discovery of the best moans to 
prevent it. Tho disoaso has attacked the 
vines in Portugal, causing groat consterna¬ 
tion among wino producers. 
FROST-PROOF GRAPES. 
Tiie Boston Traveler says:—Wo ac¬ 
knowledge the receipt of tho following noto, 
accompanied by a basket of delicious grapes, 
gathered this morning from the open grap¬ 
ery of Dr. Coggswell, of Bedford : 
Will you oblige mo by accepting tho ac¬ 
companying basket of frost-proof grapes, a 
now variety, raised from seed of my own 
planting ? Thoy havo defied Jack Frost in 
tho open air to tho present time (Nov. 1,) 
having been plucked from tho vino this 
morning. Thoy rosomblo, as you roadily 
perceive, the Catawba, but are moro succu¬ 
lent and spirited. Each grapo is a homeo¬ 
pathic bottle of wino, which nature manu¬ 
factures and offers to the public, in opon 
defiance of tho Maine Liquor Law. 
As it is tho perogativo of tho parent to 
Christian his own child, I havo named this 
grapo Champagne seedling. The vine 
yielded sparingly, which is my apology for 
tho size of tho basket sent you. 
rts, fa. 
TREE PLANTING 
STONE-producing kinds of trees aro best 
produced from seeds in tho vicinity where 
they aro to grow. The stouos of tho peach, 
plum and cherry should be planted in tho 
fall, in order that their germination may 
bo assisted and expedited by tho action of 
frost. Whon not convenient to plant thorn 
in tho fall, thoy may bo placed with wet 
sand in a propor receptable, and in this con¬ 
dition allowed to froezo during tho winter. 
This will obviate tho danger of their being 
destroyed by mice or other vermin, and in- 
suro an early germination when placod in 
suitable soil. Chestnuts and acorns are 
bettor planted in tho spring, perhaps, 
though thoy aro unquestionably stimulated 
by tho action of frost as well as walnuts 
and other similar seeds of more difficult do- 
velopment. Rich land is nocossary to se¬ 
cure tho health of all trees, tho ornamental 
as woll as the fruitiforous varieties. — Ger¬ 
mantown Telegraph. 
Stone Tree. —Thoro is a tree in Mexico, 
called the chijol, a very fine wood, which, 
according to a writer in tho National Intel¬ 
ligencer, (W. D. Porter.) becomes petrified, 
after being cut, in a very few years, wheth¬ 
er left in tho opon air or buriod. From 
tho timber, houses could be built that would 
in a few years become fire proof, and last as 
long as thoso built of stone. The wood, in 
a green stato, is easily worked ; it is used in 
building wharfs, lorts, &c., and would bo 
vory good as railway sleepers, or for plank- 
road stringers. 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 
For the week ending November 8, 1853. 
Samuel S. Allen, of Salem, N. J.—For improve¬ 
ment in the cutting gear of grain and grass har¬ 
vesters. Dated November 8, 1853. 
John Blue, of Covert, N. Y.—For improvement 
in carriers to grain separators. Dated November 
8, 1853. 
Cornelius S. Cooper, of New York, N. Y .— 
For improvement iu violins, &c. Dated Novem¬ 
ber 8,1853. 
Nath’l Gear, of Zanesville, Ohio—For machine 
for turning or cutting irregular forms. Dated 
November 8, 1853. 
James Greenbalgh, Jun., of Waterford, Mass.— 
For improvement in power looms. Dated Novem- 
bes 8, 1853. 
Jerome B. Greene, of Worcester, Mass.—For 
improvement in temples for looms. Dated No¬ 
vember 8, 1853. 
Jno. Jones and Alex’r Lyle, of Rochester, N. Y., 
For improvement in the cutting-gear of straw- 
cutters. Dated Nov. 8, 1753. 
Samuel Karas, of Bloody Run, Pa.—For im¬ 
provement in fastening the teeth to clover bulling 
cylinders. Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
Jonathan Knowles, of Cohoes, N. Y.—For im¬ 
provement in looms. Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
Abraham Lash and Miles Moore, of Belleville. 
0.—For improvement in screens of winnowers.— 
Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
Wm. H. Meriwether, of the county of Comal, 
Texas.—For improved wire fence. Dated Nov. 
ember 8, 1853. 
Abram B. Peterson, of Dexter, Mich.—For im¬ 
provement in grain threshers and separators. Da¬ 
ted Nov. 8, 1853. 
William RobertsoD, of New York. N. Y .—For 
keyed finger board for violins. Dated November 
8, 1853. 
Safford E. Sturtevant, of Hartford, Vt.—For im¬ 
provement in attaching the shafts of vehicles to 
the axles. Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
Thomas Spiller and Anthony Crowhurst, of 
Middlesex county, England.—For improvements 
in operating vibrating propellers. Dated Nov. 
8, 1853. Patented in England Febuary 3, 1853. 
George Spencer, of Utica, N. Y.—For improve¬ 
ment in railroad car ventilator. Dated Novem¬ 
ber 8, 1853. 
Sami. D. Tillman, of Seneca Falls, N. Y.—For 
revolving musical scale. Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
W. D. Williams, of Raleigh, N. C.—For im¬ 
provement in wagon brakes. Dated November 
8, 1853. 
Joel. Wisner, of Aurora, N. Y.—For improve- 
men in washing machines. Dated Nov. 8, 1853. 
Sami. Green, of Lambertville, N. J., assignor to 
Sami. Green & Cornelus Arnett, of same place.— 
For improvement in window shutter bolts. Da¬ 
ted November 8, 1853. 
Alex’r C. Twining, of Hudson, 0.—For im¬ 
provement in manufacturing ices. Dated Nov. 
8,1853. Patented iu England, July 3,1853. 
DESIGNS. l 
Ezra Ripley and N. S. Vedder, of Troy, N. Y. 
assignors to Geo. W. Eddy, of Waterford, N. Y.— 
For design for parlor stove. Dated Nov. 8, 1853 . 
N. S. Vedder, of Troy, N. Y.—For design for 
cooking stove. Dated November 8, 1853. 
John Lane, of New Haven, Conn.—For design 
for sewing butterfly. Dated Nov. 8,1853, 
HONITON LACE. 
THE USE CF COAL TAR. 
This article has become so plentiful since 
tho general introduction of Gas works, that 
it is now extensively used for a variety of 
purposes. Coal Tar, being a resinous sub¬ 
stance, and not acted upon by water or air, 
is peculiarly advantageous as a substitute 
for paint in all out-door wood-work. It is 
well known, that wood exposed to the ex¬ 
ternal atmosphere soon acquires a vegetable 
covering of the wood-moss or lichon which 
rapidly hastens its decay. Coal Tar, when 
properly appliod, penetrates its surface, 
prevents vegetation, and renders it com¬ 
pletely impervious to air, moisture, insects, 
&c. It is found to possess much greater 
durability than tho host oil paint, and is 
therefore particularly adapted for tho pre¬ 
servation of railing, gates, posts, hedge- 
stakes, beams, spars, joints, &c., or any kind 
of wood-work under ground, or in damp 
situations. In England, it has for some- 
timo been almost exclusively used for cast 
and malleable iron-work of overy kind ; and, 
when properly applied, it gives it a durable, 
glossy black, and will prevent iron from 
rusting moro effectualy than any other ar¬ 
ticle. A short timo since wo observed near 
Geneseo several board foncos painted with 
gas-tar, and would ask thoso who have used 
it for this and other purposes their opinion 
of its value. 
Hydraulic Railway. —A new kind of 
railway, substituting water for atmospheric 
pressure, has been proposed both inj Eng¬ 
land and France, with a viow to economi¬ 
cal working and security from accident.— 
Tho actuating power is to bo obtained by 
moans of continuous water power between 
tho rails by artificial pressuro. Tho water 
is workod by peculiar mechanical arrange¬ 
ment, and it is proposed to placo the ap¬ 
paratus at distances of 300 feet along the 
lino. 
Silk is manufactured in SpitaIfiolds.|Lon- 
don, not lace. Tho laco, for the manufac¬ 
ture of which tho village of Iloniton, in 
Devonshire. England, is noted, is supposed 
to havo boen first made in Saxony, during 
tho sixteenth century, whence it extended 
to Flanders, in Franco. In Brussels alone 
there woro 100,000 fomales employed in 
laco making, at the closo of tho last centu¬ 
ry. The art was introduced into England 
soon after its invention in Saxony, and it is 
singular that Iloniton has produced the best 
kinds from that time down to the present 
day. Iloniton lace is distinguished by the 
beauty of its devices, tho neatness of finish, 
and excellence of workmanship; and thoso 
qualities joined to its long established repu¬ 
tation, cause it to command at all times a 
high price.—A’. Y. Sunday Times. 
IMPROVED THRESHING MACHINE. 
J. L. Garlington, of Snapping Shoals, 
Ga., has invented a new threshing machine, 
constructed as follows :—A series of beaters 
are arranged tangentially around tho face 
of a vortical rovolving disc, and another se¬ 
ries aro arranged radially around its pe¬ 
riphery. Those revolve within a stationary 
concave, having a series of strippers arrang¬ 
ed tangentially on tho inner face of its 
sidos, and another series placed radially for 
a short distance around its inner periphery. 
This disc is kept close against the stationary 
strippers by a spring, and is thus made to 
press constantly against the straw though it 
may bo fed in unequally. Several impor¬ 
tant advantages aro claimed for this inven¬ 
tion. A patent has been applied for. — Sci. 
American. 
It is wiso not to seek a socret, and honest 
not to reveal it. 
HOY/ TO MAKE A CISTERN. 
For a cistern to hold 25 barrels of wator, 
procure one barrel of water-lime—hydraulic 
cement—and three barrels of clear, coarse 
sand ; if your soil is clay or any kind of 
compact earth, dig a hole as near tho shape 
of an egg as far as you can ; mix your ce¬ 
ment, a little at a timo, and plaster it di¬ 
rectly upon tho earth. If there is any con¬ 
siderable cavity in the sides of tho pit, fill 
it with clay mortar and thus savo your ce¬ 
ment. When tho first coat is dry put on 
tho second, and perhaps tho third, though 
much thinner than tho first. Cover tho top 
with a large flat stono, if procurable, having 
a man-hole and place for a pump broken 
through the centre. A cistern 8 feet in di¬ 
ameter and 9 feet doep will hold a hundred 
barrels. 
ilamcstic faim. 
O 
Australia and California Gold Mines.— 
From an article in a San Francisco paper, it 
appears that tho total produce of the gold 
fiolds of the colony of Victoria, in 1852, was 
about 4,545,780 ounces ; which at $18 an oz., 
would amount to about $81,814,040. From 
California during tho same time, there was 
shipped about $50,559,176. During the first 
half of 1853, the gold exported from Sidney 
and Melbourne is estimated at about $42.- 
000.000; while from California the total 
shipments aro set down at $31,000,000.— 
Thus it will be seen that the produce of tho 
Australian minos is considerably greater 
than of the California mines. But then it 
should bo borne in mind that the number 
of miners in Australia is fully double the 
number actually engaged in digging in Cal¬ 
ifornia ; so that the individual average is at 
least in favor of California. 
The ship Great Republic is one hundred 
and five feet longer than the height of tho 
Bunker Hill Monument—tho latter meas¬ 
uring 220 feet, and tho Republic 325 feet. 
Egg Dumulings. —Make a batter of a pint 
of milk, two well beaten eggs, a salt spoon¬ 
ful of salt, and flour enough to make a bat¬ 
ter as thick as for pound cake; have a clean 
saucepan of boiling water, let the water boil 
fast, drop in the batter by the tablespoon¬ 
ful ; four or five minutes will boil them; take 
take them on a dish with a skimmer, put a 
bit of butter and pepper over, and serve 
with boiled or cold meat; for a little dessert 
put butter and grated nutmeg, with syrup 
or sugar over. 
Potato Pie. —Boil until soft as many po¬ 
tatoes as you like; then peel and mash 
them through a tin soive. To a quarter of 
a pound of potatoes add ono quart of milk, 
three teaspoonfuls of melted butter, four 
beaten eggs, and sugar and nutmeg to tho 
taste. Bake in tins^as you would custard or 
pumpkin. 
Parsnip Stew. —Cut a half pound of fat 
salt pork in slices, and a pound of beef or 
veal in bits; put them in a dinner pot, with 
very little water. Scrape some parsnips, 
and cut them in slices an inch thick ; wash 
and put them to the meat; pare and cut six 
small potatoes in halves. Cover the pot 
close and set it over a bright fire for half an 
hour; then dredge in a tablespoonful of 
wheat flour, add a little bit of butter, and a 
small teaspoonful of pepper; stir it in, and 
set it over the fire to brown for fifteen min¬ 
utes. Take the stew into a dish and serve. 
Wash for the Head. —“A mother" 
asks, “ What is an efficient remedy for re¬ 
moving dandruff in the hair, as sho has an 
objection to using an ivory comb ?” This 
objection is well founded, as it increases 
tho evil. Tho following wash, applied with 
a small piece of flannel, to the roots of the 
hair, will be found excellent:—Threo parts 
of oil of almonds ; one part lime-water; to 
bo shaken up well, and can be procured of 
any chemist.— Lady's Book. 
