MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
JAN. 26 . 
important constituents. Putrid manure lias 
this superiority over fresL, that it commences to 
operate more quickly in the ground; but this 
advantage will be bought too dearly, and be¬ 
come an injury in all cases, where the process of 
putrefaction is not skillfully conducted and care¬ 
fully supervised ; that is, where care is not taken 
that no efficacious substances may fly away, and 
no inefficacious ones be added during its pro¬ 
gress. The farmer will always adopt the safest 
course who suffers his manure not to putrefy, 
but simply to commence this process,” before 
applying it to the soil. 
Cow-dung ferments more slowly than most 
other barn-yard manures. This arises from the 
food swallowed by the cow being less perfectly 
masticated, and from its including a smaller 
quantity of substances containing nitrogen. Y r et 
by exposure to the air, according to Browne, it 
undergoes a sensible loss, “ which in forty days 
has been found to amount to 20 per cent, or nearly 
one-fifth of the whole solid matter which recent 
cow-dung contains.” Hence it should be the aim 
of the farmer to prevent this waste by heaping 
it in pile with proper moisture and absorbents. 
Horse-dung, as we have seen, in a fresh state, 
contains a large proportion of nitrogen. But it 
decomposes very rapidly, beginning to ferment 
in twenty-four hours,and is subject to great loss 
from that cause. “By the time horse manure,” 
says Dana, “ has fermented so as to be converted 
into a uniform mass of muck, it loses at least 
nine-tenths of its weight, and nearly two-thirds 
of its nitrogen has disappeared.” The question 
hence arises—how shall it be treated to prevent 
this waste ? We shall attempt some directions 
having this point in view, before leaving the sub¬ 
ject. 
The manure of sheep and swine, though not 
so quick to ferment as that of the horse, cannot 
remain long unmixed without loss. Like horse 
dung they have the power of exciting fermenta¬ 
tion in other substances, and hence will largely 
increase the value of dry muck or strawy ma¬ 
nure, by being composted with it until the mass 
begins to ferment, which should then be applied 
to the soil. 
The manure of the farm stock, especially that 
of cattle and horses, mixed with the litter and 
rejected fodder, generally forms the staple of 
the barn-yard. It is better thus to mix these 
materials than to keep them separate, still the 
condition in which they are placed, is often un¬ 
favorable to economy. Any lack of moisture is 
injurious, any surplus amounting to drainage is 
equally so. We must here pause to present 
some considerations in regard to the barn-yard 
itself, as a receptacle for manure. 
The barn-yard should be slightly dishing in 
the centre and a little elevated at the edges.— 
Prof. IN ash says that no water should run into 
it except what falls directly from the clouds; 
the eaves of the barn should turn another way 
or be furnished with conductors. “ Above all,” 
he adds, “let no water run out of the yard,”—if 
the bottom is a hard-pan it will of course be 
tight, if it is porous, that part thoroughly satur¬ 
ated should be taken away every time it is 
cleared of manure. The yard will be still bet¬ 
ter fitted for all its uses if surrounded by sheds 
opening into it, and covering one-fourtli of its 
surface. These sheds will serve for sheltering 
the cattle in the yards, and will also answer as 
receptacles of the manure from the stables. The 
centre of the yard should be well supplied with 
vegetable absorbents already mentioned, to take 
up the liquid which will gather there from the 
rain and from the manure. 
Further hints will be added on the proper 
management of manure. 
WINTER WHEAT. —LEACHED ASHES. 
In a notice of the crops on which premiums 
were awarded at the last Winter Meeting of the 
N. Y. Ag. Society, we mentioned the Winter 
Wheat presented by Mr. M. Skinner, of Eagle 
Harbor, Orleans Co., yielding 40 bushels and 
16 lbs. per acre, and expressed a wish to know 
the product of that treated in the same manner 
the past season. Mr. S. kindly writes us as 
follows: 
You wish to know how much my lot of 17 
acres of wheat yielded this year. It averaged 
20 bushels per acre by measure, 58 lbs. per 
bushel. The land was cultivated the same as 
my premium field,—the manuring with ashes 
and the quantity of seed was some different.— 
It was summer-fallowed after corn, and some 
more than half the field was covered with ashes, 
before I planted the corn, at the rate of three 
tons per acre. Plowed twice for wheat, that 
brought the ashes on top as much as possible, 
the other part of the field was ashed after plow¬ 
ing the second time for wheat, and cultivated 
in with wheel-cultivator. 
Sowed, August 27th, nine acres Soule’s and 
Blue-stem, 2y bushels per acre, with Seymour’s 
drill, and rolled with a common roller. I think 
the 1st of July the wheat looked about as prom¬ 
ising as that of last year — it was a very even 
piece. That part that was ashed before plant¬ 
ing corn, was as good as the other. Although I 
was aware that the weevil had injured it some, 
and the wet weather more, when it was 
harvested it was thought it would yield 30 
bushels per acre, but the wheat was not there. 
I am satisfied that for wheat, leached ashes is 
an excellent manure, but they should be incor¬ 
porated with the soil. I sowed some on my 
wheat three years ago this fall, on different 
lands, and did not receive much benefit to that 
crop. Three bushels per acre of Soule’s wheat 
for seed, is a small enough quantity; some other 
varieties will answer with less. The past sea¬ 
son has taught us, that except God’s blessing 
attends our efforts, man labors in vain. 
“ Always moist but never leeched, should be the 
farmer’s rule for the condition of his manures.” 
Comnutnuaitous. 
PLOWING, SUBSOILING, ETC. 
In the Rural of the 12th inst., I noticed 
“several inquiries,” on some of which I propose 
to give my views. The first inquiry,—“ Is there 
any danger of plowing too deep on sandy land, 
where the subsoil is nothing but sand and 
gravel ?” Perhaps this might be answered 
better by putting it in a different shape, viz., 
“how deep is it profitable to plow in such soil ?” 
To this I should answer,—it is profitable to 
plow as deep with a common plow' in such soil 
as in any ; but it evidently does not require 
subsoiling as much as land of a firmer and more 
compact material; yet that operation, performed 
on sandy land, w r ould, I believe, in many cases 
be beneficial. In most soils, and especially in 
those where the subsoil is sand and gravel, the 
upper portions, or that part which is moved by 
the plow, is much richer than that which lies 
below. This is owing to the vegetable mould 
which is incorporated with the surface, and to 
its frequent exposure to the air. Now it is very 
evident that the farmer who habitually plows to 
the depth of twelve inches, has more material, 
other things being equal, wherewith to make 
his crop, than the farmer who plow's only six 
inches. 
The second is,—“ How deep should clover or 
any other green manure be turned under on 
such land.” My answer to this would be mod¬ 
ified by circumstances. If the lot was to be 
seeded immediately after, and to remain in 
pasture or meadow' for several years, I think it 
would be best to turn the manure under as deep 
as you usually plow'. YVhatever gases are 
evolved by its decomposition, will be absorbed 
and retained by the soil above, and the roots of 
the grass, striking dowm to the mauure, w'ill 
draw from it much nutriment. But if, on the 
contrary, the field is not to be seeded, but is to be 
devoted immediately to the raising of other 
crops, then it might be better to turn it under 
to a less depth, so that in the succeeding plow- 
ing, which should be as deep as usual, the 
partially decomposed manure W'ill be elevated 
w'ithin one or two inches of the surface. 
The third inquiry is,—“ What is the differ¬ 
ence between plowing very deep w'ith a common 
plow, and subsoiling.” The mechanical differ¬ 
ence is simply this. If with a common plow 
you go four inches deeper than it w'as ever 
plowed before, you bring four inches of dead 
subsoil to the surface. If with a subsoil plow 
you go the same depth, you loosen and stir up 
the 4 inches of subsoil, but leave it in its original 
place. The effect of the tw r o methods of plow¬ 
ing upon the fertility of land, differs according 
to the quality of the soil. If the subsoil and 
surface are alike, I should prefer subsoiling. 
If unlike, and a mixture of the two w'ould be 
beneficial, I should go as deep as possible with 
a common plow. g. f. w. 
ALL ABOUT INDIAN CORN. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: — I propose to 
write during the present winter, a series of 
articles upon Indian corn, for some agricultural 
paper. 
1st. The magnitude and importance of the 
Indian corn crop to the agricultural, manufac¬ 
turing and commercial interests of our country. 
. 2d. The comparative worth of the corn crop, 
and the benefits to be derived by succeeding 
crops from its more general culture in the 
Northern States. 
3d. Its value as food for man and animals as 
compared with other crops. 
4th. Varieties best adapted to different soils 
and localities. Selection of seed for the pur¬ 
poses of propagation. 
5th. Cheapest and best manner of preparing 
ground. Best plow now in use for this purpose. 
Gth. Best mode of planting and cultivating— 
with best implements for the purpose—with 
least expense. 
The whole to be subject to correction by the 
editor, should there be need thereof. As the 
Rural is the favorite agricultural journal, I 
should prefer to have the series appear in its 
pages. Genesee. 
Genesee Co., N. Y'., Jan. 1, 1856. 
Remarks. —Since the above was received, we 
have made arrangements with Genesee to fur¬ 
nish a series of articles on the subject proposed, 
and shall commence their publication in a week 
or two.— Eds. 
SUCKING COWS.-REMEDIES. 
— 
The habit that some cows get into of sucking 
themselves, is a very bad fault and almost in¬ 
curable. The most common preventive among 
farmers, is to put on their necks a yoke, not un¬ 
like the lower part of a kitchen chair without 
the bottom ; but if not made strongly, it will not 
last long when they run in the Avoods or bush 
pasture. I have tried smearing the teats with 
rancid grease and a solution of aloes, which 
must be applied every day, and then in some 
cases is useless. 
The most effectual method I have seen used 
is the following : Make a band of good har¬ 
ness, or thin sole leather, that will reach around 
the chops near to the muzzle of the cow, about 
4 inches wide, with eyelet holes to tie on the 
under side, and side straps of the same to tie 
over the head back of the horns. Then take a 
strip of the same leather about 2 inches Avide, 
fill it full of shingle nails, pointed sharp with a 
file, or 20 oz. saddler’s tacks, and fasten on and 
over the large band or muzzle, so that the nails 
shall not push through. The AA'hole should be 
so loose as ahvays to keep its place Avhen the 
cow puts down its head, and yet not so loose as 
to slip up so far as to allow them to suck. It is 
a cure for young cattle sucking milch coavs, and 
calves sucking each other. —B. Manly, Monroe 
County, N. Y. 
Take a common leather halter and put on the 
cow’s head as you would on the head of a horse. 
Attach to the ring under the jaw one end of a 
stick, which shall be so long as to reach from 
the jaw half way betAveen the fore and hind 
legs, passing between the fore legs, and fastened 
behind them by means of a girth passing around 
the body, so that when she turns her head to 
suck, the lever will pry on her legs so much 
that she cannot get it far enough back to reach 
the teat. I have seen it tried several times, and 
have never known a failure.—S., Cicero, N. Y 
A remedy which I have tried with success is, 
to split the tip of the tongue two inches. This 
prevents their clasping the teat, and they can¬ 
not suck. The remedy may seem a harsh one, 
and so it is, but no worse than other operations 
performed on dumb beasts. I have no doubt 
but one or one and a half inches split would 
answer as well, but it better be avcII done than 
half done. The operation should be performed 
with a sharp instrument, so as not to cause un¬ 
necessary pain or soreness, and the animal be 
provided for a few days Avith food she can eat 
without much use of the tongue.—M. White, 
Villenova,N. Y 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. 
HUNG PHILIP OR BROWN CORN. 
In February, 1854, we received through Hon. 
R. E. Fenton, M. C., a half pint of this variety 
of corn, which was planted in due season, but 
owing to the excessive drouth of that year, avg 
harvested but a small crop. There was enough, 
however, to plant last spring seven-eights of an 
acre, of corn-stubble Avhich was broken up the 
year before. It Avas planted on the 17th of May 
in rows of 3y feet each way. The seed was 
rolled in plaster and came up in 8 days. As 
soon as it was large enough, it was thoroughly 
hoed and plastered, and also again in two weeks 
from the first time. On the 10th of September 
it was cut up, and when husked, yielded 95 
bushels of ears, or at the rate of about 54 bush¬ 
els of shelled corn per acre. This variety is 
about a week earlier than the common 8 roAved 
yellow corn, with a lighter growth of stalks and 
heavier eared, and when shelled, yields 20 
quarts of shelled corn from a bushel of ears, the 
cob being very small and well filled out. This 
corn is Avell adapted to light soils and short 
seasons.—A Subscriber, Deuittville, JY. Y., Jan. 
16, 1856. 
PROFITS OF DRAINING. 
Three years ago I finished thorough drain¬ 
ing, scant two acres of very wet land, at a cost 
of about $75. I am satisfied the extra yield 
has been as much as the folloAving :—The first 
year 200 bushels of carrots and 50 bushels of 
corn. The second year 100 bushels of .oats, 
worth last summer five shillings per bushel.— 
Last season, 100 bushels of corn, quoted in the 
last Rural at 80 cents per bushel. There Avas 
:PJ acres in corn in the piece ; what was not 
thorough drained was dry clay knolls. The 
piece yielded 506 bushels of corn ; tAvo bushels 
of ears AA'ould weigh 75 lbs. There was no ma¬ 
nure put on the land only for the first crop, and 
about four loads of un leached ashes on the last 
corn crop—using about a teacupful to each hill. 
Now, deducting the expense of tilling the land 
and gathering the crop, which I did not keep 
account of; you can judge whether the expense 
of draining has been a profitable outlay.—A l- 
vin Wilcox, West Bloomfield, N. Y. 
PIPE TILE.—A FAILURE. 
Eds. Rural :—A failure is frequently of as 
much importance as success, and especially to 
the public, that they may take measures to ob¬ 
viate the difficulty that has failed to benefit an¬ 
other. Four years ago this fall I had pipe tile 
laid in a swampy piece of land, in order to drain 
it. The black muck Avas of various depths, and 
in order to get the ditch deep enough, we were 
obliged to dig into the subsoil, which was very 
hard and of a putty like consistence Avhen dug 
up and mixed with water. The consequence is 
that the seams between the tile have become 
closed up, and they fail to draw off the water. 
I do not know, but think if I had used horse 
shoe tile, laid on an inch board, it would have 
worked well.—A. G. Peroey. 
SEVERAL INQUIRIES. 
On what kind of land is plaster the most ben- 
ficial ? Is it useful on clay or muck ? Is fall 
or spring the best time to soay it on wheat ?— 
0. L. C., Portage, N. Y 
A friend in Iowa, wants to know how to tan 
Avolf skins with the hair on, in order to make a 
robe of them. Will any one answer through the 
Rural ?—s. e. 
What will prevent coavs from eating horse 
manure ? My cows eat it more greedily than 
they will meal. When they commenced eating 
it they were in good order, but since have lost 
flesh fast. They have salt in the yard, and I 
have been giving them bone meal, but to no 
purpose. If any of your subscribers can tell 
the cause and remedy, you will confer a favor 
on—W. M., Sunderland, Mass. 
WARTS OR WENS-INQUIRY. 
I have a very promising pair of steers, one of 
which, during the past summer has become 
knotted up with warts or wens from the size of 
a pea to that of a hickory nut, and in spots run¬ 
ning together as in blotches. They have grown 
very fast and appear to be tender and easily 
injured ; some haA'e disappeared of themselves. 
Can you, or any of your subscribers, tell me 
whether they are anything serious; and if so, 
Avhat should be done to remove them ?—p. 
Winter Meeting N. Y. State Ag. Society.— 
Premiums and Regulations .—The Winter Exhi¬ 
bition of Grain, Seeds, and Dairy Products, will 
be held at the Rooms of the Society, in the New 
Geological and Agricultural Buildings, State 
Street, Albany, on the 12th, 13th, and 14th of 
Feb., 1856. The Exhibition will open to the 
public on Wednesday, the 13th, and continue 
open two days, to be closed by an address from 
President Cheever. The premiums to be 
awarded are as follows : 
Field Crops-— Best crop of wheat, not less than two acres, 
nor less than 40 bushels per acre, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 5 ; 4th, 
Trans. Best crop of Spring Wheat, not less than two acres, 
30 bushels, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 5 ; 4th, Trans. Best crop of 
Indian com, not less than two acres, to be shelled and 
weighed between 20th December and 1st of February, SO 
bushels, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 5 ; 4tli, Trans. Best crop of 
barley, not less than two acres, 40 bushels, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 
3d, 5 ; 4th, Trans. Best crop of rye, not less than two acres, 
30 bushels, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 5 : 4th, Trans. Best crop of 
oats, not less than two acres, 70 bushels, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 
5 ; 4th, Trans. Best crop of flax, not less than five acres, 
the net profit to be taken into consideration, with a full 
account of the lint and seed and method of cultivation and 
preparing the flax for market, with the cost of culture and 
preparation of flax, $15 ; 2d, 10 ; 3d, 5 ; 4th, Trans. Best 
crop of buckwheat, not less than one acre, 30 bushels, $8 ; 
2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best crop of peas, not less than one acre, 
25 bushels, $8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best crop of beans, not 
less than one acre, 25 bushels, $8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best 
crop of potatoes, of good table quality, not less than one 
acre, 200 bushels, $8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best crop of pota¬ 
toes, not less than one acre, as to quantity, 300 bushels, 
$8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best crop of ruta bagas, not less 
than one acre, 60 lbs., estimated a bushel, 800 bushels, $8 ; 
2d, 5 : 3d, Trans. Best crop of sugar beets, not less than 
half an acre, 60 lbs. to the bushel, 400 bushels, $S ; 2d, 5 ; 
3d, Trans. Best crop of carrots, not less than half an acre, 
60 lbs. to the bushel, 300 bushels, $8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans.— 
Best crop of mangel wurzel, not less than half an acre, 60 
lbs. to the bushel, 400 bushels, $8 ; 2d, 5 ; 3d, Trans. Best 
half acre of madder, with method of cultivation and prepa¬ 
ration for market, $10. Best acre of corn fodder, with ac¬ 
count of cultivation and preservation, $5 ; 2d, 3. Best half 
acre of hops, with account as last, $5 ; 2d, 3. Best half 
acre of tobacco, same account, 5 ; 2d, 3. Best acre of broom 
corn, $5 ; 2d, 3. Best acre of clover seed, $5 ; 2d, 3. Best 
acre of timothy seed, $5 ; 2d, 3. 
Grain and Seeds. —Best barrel winter wheat, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 
3d, 2. Do. spring wheat, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. rye, $5 ; 
2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. four-rowed barley, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do' 
two-rowed barley, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do, oats, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 
3d, 2. Do. yellow corn, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. white corn, 
$5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. peas, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. white 
beans, $5 ; 2d, 3 ; 3d, 2. Do. large clover seed, $3 ; 2d, 2 ; 
3d, 1. Do. small clwver seed, $3 ; 2d, 2 ; 3d, 1. Do. timo¬ 
thy seed, $3 ; 2d, 2 ; 3d, 1. Best bale of hops, $3 ; 2d, 2 ; 
3d, 1. 
Butler. —Best 3 tubs or firkins of butter, not less than 25 
lbs. each, Cup, value $15 ; 2d, Cup, value 10; 3d,J5 ; 4th, 
Trans. 
Cheese. —Best 3 cheese, Cup, value $15 ; 2d, Cup, value 
10 ; 3d, 5 ; 4tli, Trans. To be accompanied with a particu¬ 
lar statement of the manufacture and preservation ot the 
Butter or Cheese, as provided in the premiums for the fall 
Fair, page 9 of Premiums. 
Draining.— For the best experiment of underdraining, 
during the year, $20. For best experiment in draining and 
reclaiming peat marshes or swamps, $10. To be accompa¬ 
nied in each case with : 
1st. Statement of the situation of the land previous to 
the commencement of the process ; the kind and condition 
of soil. 
2d. The method pursued, with a particular account of 
the expense. 
3d. The reault, and increased value of the land, if any. 
For best experiment in the irrigation of land, $20. To 
be accompanied with a full and detailed account of the 
condition of the land before irrigation ; the quantity and 
quality of crops, and account of the manner of using the 
water—how applied, at what times and how long ; the ex¬ 
pense attending it; the increased crops, if any ; and full 
details of the whole process, in preparing the fixtures and 
channels for the water ; and if the same is used on hoed or 
grain crops as well as grass lands ; a particular detail of the 
methods employed to use the water when needed, ana to 
free the land from the same. 
Winter Fruits—Apples. —Best 20 varieties, Dip. and $4 ; 
2d, Downing and $2 ; 3d, Thomas. Best 10 varieties, Dip. 
and $3 ; 2d, Barry and $1 ; 3d, Trans. Best dish of apples, 
any variety, S. S. Medal; 2d, Trans. Best seedling apple, 
subject to the rules of the Society, $5. 
Pears. —Best collection of winter pears, Diploma and S. 
Medal ; 2d, S. S. Medal. Best variety of pears, S. S. Medal. 
Best specimen of grapes, S. S. Medal. 
Special premiums will be awarded to choice fruits, not 
enumerated. 
A statement of the manner of cultivating the 
crops of grain, the manures used, and the vari¬ 
ety of the grain on exhibition, should accom¬ 
pany the samples offered for Premiums; and 
samples of corn in the ear, should be presented. 
There will be an opportunity of disposing of 
the Grain and Products of the Dairy on Exhibi¬ 
tion ; and the occasion will be improved, un¬ 
doubtedly, by Farmers, to make Exchanges of 
Seed, which is so desirable. 
Persons exhibiting must become Mem¬ 
bers of the Society. Pamphlets, containing the 
List of Premiums and Regulations, will be 
furnished by the Secretary, B. P. Johnson, on 
application at the Ag’l Rooms, Albany. 
Live Stock from the West.— The following, 
from the Prairie Farmer, shows accurately the 
amount of live stock received at Detroit by the 
Michigan Central Railroad, during the twelve 
months ending the 1st of December, 1855, most 
of Avhich was for the Boston and New York 
markets: 
December, 1854.. 
January, 1S55. . 
February,. 
March,. 
April,. ... 
May,. 
June,. 
September,. 
October,. 
November,. 
Cattle. 
Horses. 
Hogs. 
Sheep. 
5 
2,544 
1 
3 
4 
2,969 
4 
4 
150 
521 
5 
1,670 
1,587 
2 
6,331 
45 
3,061 
8 
11,475 
441 
2,113 
12 
7,635 
1,235 
2,345 
7 # 
3,970 
2,119 
4 
4,716 
65 
1,118 
10 
8,806 
3 
2,234 
32 
16,102 
905 
869 
11 
32,534 
961 
.15,974 
96 
9S,902 
3,656 
Feeding Stock on Hay.— The question, at a 
meeting of the Concord (Mass.) Farmer’s Club, 
Avas, “ hoAV much hay will it take to keep a cow 
in good condition for the winter season of 26 
Aveeks.” SeA'eral gentlemen estimated it at 
from iy to 2y tons, and one said that a coav 
giving milk would eat as much hay as an ox.— 
Most of the members fed either meal, shorts or 
oil-meal, with their hay, which was cut and 
mixed before feeding. 
United States Ag. Society. —We have met 
with no detailed account of the proceedings of 
the Annual Meeting of this Society, held at 
YVasliington, on the 9th, 10th and 11th inst._ 
The next Exhibition is to be held at Philadel¬ 
phia next Fall. The following arc the officers 
elected for 1856 : 
President — Marshall P. Wilder, of Massa¬ 
chusetts. 
Vice-Presidents —J. D. Lang, Maine; IP. F. 
French, New Hampshire ; S. Brown, Massachu¬ 
setts ; J. J. Cooke, Rhode Island; John A. 
Rockwell, Connecticut; Dr. J. P. Beekman, 
New York; George Vail, New Jersey; Isaac 
Newton, Pennsylvania ; J. W. Thompson, Del¬ 
aware ; Anthony Kimmel, Maryland ; G. W. 
P. Custis, Virginia; H. K. Burgwyn, North 
Carolina ; R. W. F. Alston, South Carolina; R. 
Peters, Georgia ; C. C. Clay, Jr., Alabama.; M. 
W. Phillips, Mississippi; John Perkins, Jr., 
Louisiana; Gen. Worthington, Ohio; M. l! 
Underwood, Kentucky ; John Bell, Tennessee; 
Joseph A. Wright, Indiana; J. A. Kennicott’ 
Illinois ; T. Allen, Missouri ; Roswell Ba¬ 
ilee, Arkansas ; J. C. Holmes, Michigan ; D. 
J. Yulee, Florida; Chas. Durkee, Wisconsin; 
P. Ord, California ; W. W. Corcoran, District of 
Columbia ; Jose Manuel Gallegos, New Mexico • 
IP. II. Sibley, Minnesota ; P. YV. Gillet, Oregon ; 
C. Lancaster, YVasliington Territory; E. Hun¬ 
ter, Utah; Bird R. Chapman, Nebraska. 
Executive Committee —John A. King, New 
York; A. L. Elwin, Pennsylvania; D. Jay 
Browne, District of Columbia ; John Jones, 
Delaware ; W. H. IP. Taylor, Ohio ; Richard p! 
YVaters, Massachusetts. 
Secretary— YV. S. King, Boston, Massachusetts. 
Treasurer — B. B. French, District of Columbia. 
Connecticut State Ag. Society.— The An¬ 
nual Meeting was held in Ncav HaA'en on the 
2d inst. The following are the officers for 1856: 
President — Nathaniel B. Smith, of Wood- 
buiy. Vice-Presidents —Charles IP. Pond, of 
Milford ; Norman Porter, of Berlin. 
Directors — H. A. Grant, of Enfield ; B. A. An- 
dreAvs, of YVaterbury ; Erastus YVilliams, of Nor¬ 
wich ; R. B. Chamberlain, of Coventry ; Theo¬ 
dore S. Gold, of West Cornwall; Amos D. Lock- 
wood, of West Killingly ; Brainard Montague, of 
Middletown ; Eliakim Hough, of Bridgeport! 
Corresponding Secretary — H. A. Dyer, of 
Brooklyn. Recording Secretary —John A. Por¬ 
ter, of New Haven, Treasurer —Nathaniel A. 
Bacon, of New Haven. 
County Agricultural Societies.—YV e gather 
from different sources the names of the officers 
chosen for the ensuing year, at the annual meet¬ 
ing of the folloAving County Associations: 
Delaware Co.— President— Richard B. Gibbs, 
Harpersfield. Vice-Presidents —G. YV. Hand- 
ford, YValton ; Daniel Andrews, Stamford ; I. E. 
Sherman, Sidney Plains; S. F. Miller, Frank¬ 
lin ; R, D. Baird, Harpersfield ; Henry B. Haw¬ 
ley, Hamden ; Porter Frisbee, Meredith. Sec¬ 
retary—Sherwood D. Gould, Delhi. Treasurer— 
Hiram Olmstead, YValton. 
Herkimer Co.— President —Samuel McKee, 
Winfield. Vice-President —P. H. Warren, Co¬ 
lumbia. Secretary —J. Ingersoll, Ilion. Treasu¬ 
rer —J. A. Rasbach, Ilion. Exccidivc Committee 
—S. IP. Kinnie, Litchfield ; G.YV. Joslin, Frank¬ 
fort, ; Lorenzo Hosford, Cedarville ; J. H. Clark, 
Winfield ; E. Graves, Herkimer ; Win. StcAvart, 
Winfield ; YVm. Dygcrt, Frankfort; Robert Earl, 
Herkimer; E. Spencer, Mohawk ; A. L. Fish, 
Litchfield. 
Leavis Co.— President— Leavis Stephens. Vice- 
Presidents —John D. Lord, Jared Stiles, Jr., Nor¬ 
man Gowdy, Ellis Cook, Edmund Baldwin, 
David A. Stewart. Recording Secretary —C. g! 
Riggs. Corresponding Secretary —L. C. Daven¬ 
port, Treasurer —YV. M. Smith. Executive Com¬ 
mittee —Joseph A. Willard, Edmund Baldwin, 
YVilliam Phelps, Rutson Rea, A. I. Mereness! 
Oswego Co.— President —Hon. Joel Turrel, 
of Oswego. Vice-President —Harvey Palmer, of 
Parish. Secretary— Avery YV. Severance, of N. 
Haven. Treasurer —Luther H. Conklin, of Mexi¬ 
co. Directors —J. YV. DeAvcy, of Richland ; Robt. 
OliA-er, Oswego; Norman Rowe, Ncav Haven; 
Ah in Lawrence, Mexico; K. E. Sanford, Y r ol- 
ney; Moses Wood, Palermo. 
Oneida Co. — President —Lorenzo Rouse, Mar¬ 
shall. Vice-Presidents —Calvin Bishop, Verona; 
Eli B. Lucas, Kirkland. Executive Committee— 
Levi T. Marshall, Vernon; Horatio N. Carey, 
Marcy; A. Van Patton, Rome; Charles YV. 
Eells, Westmoreland; YVilliam Higby, Boon- 
ville ; James M. Tower, Sangerfield ; ‘ Pliment 
Mattoon, Vienna; Daniel G. Drummond, Lee; 
George L. Brigham, Augusta ; Henry Rhodes, 
Trenton. Treasurer —Henry R. Hart, YVhites- 
toAvn. Secretary —J. YVynian Jones, Utica. 
Monroe. — President —YV. Hodges, Brighton. 
Vice Presidents —D. D. T. Moore, J. Vick, B. M. 
Baker, Rochester; Thos. Wright, Brigton; J. K. 
Ballentine, Chiil; Joseph H. Warren, Clarkson; 
Matthias Garret, Gates; Geo. C. Latta, Greece; 
IP. IP. Sperry, Henrietta; C. K. Hobbic, Ironde- 
quoit; Benj. Birdsall, Mendon ; J. P. Ross, Og¬ 
den; Jona. VVadhams, Parma; Isaac Sutherland, 
Pittsford ; YV. C. Tracy, Pcnfield ; J. S. Rams- 
dell, Perinton; Lorenzo Babcock, Riga; John 
C. Birdsall, Rush; Oliver YVhite, Sweden ; O. 
YV. Patterson, Union ; Sam’l YVood, YVheatland; 
4’. Y r an Alstyne, YVebster. Recording Secretary 
—D. D. T. Moore. Corrcspoiuling Secretary — 
Jas. Vick. Treasurer —E. S. HayAvard. Dele¬ 
gates to Annual Meeting of State Society, to be 
held at Albany, 13th Feb’y next— YV. Hodges, 
F. F. Root, D. D. T. Moore. 
The Daily Democrat says —“ These officers 
Avere chosen on account of their AA r ell-knoAvn en¬ 
terprise and regard for the pre-eminence of the 
county in agriculture, and will give a signal im¬ 
petus to the affairs of the Society. There was 
an unusually large attendance of farmers, and a 
spirited meeting. The question of a permanent 
location for the Annual Fairs was fully discuss¬ 
ed, and a committee of five appointed to report 
relative to the selection and purchase of grounds, 
Ac., Avho are to report at an adjourned meeting, 
to be held at the Court House, on the 20th day 
of February next. The feeling was quite unan¬ 
imous in favor of a permanent location, and an 
able report, made by Mr. Hodges, Chairman of 
the Committee on that subject, took decided 
ground in favor of the proposition.” 
Deodorizer for Manure Heaps.—M r. Robert 
Austin, of Manchester, says that upwards of a 
ton of horse dung is produced in his stables 
daily, and the usual offensive odor and evapo¬ 
ration from it entirely prevented by sprinkling 
OA'er the dung heap, by means of an ordinary 
Avater can, a solution of a pound of common 
green copperas in a gallon of water. This is 
an old but efficient deodorizer.— Selected. 
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