MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
JUNE 28 , 
from five to twenty acres of corn, and according 
to recollection, in no case omitted to apply the 
above mixture, viz., one part of salt, two parts 
gypsum, and four parts ashes, at the rate of 
about three and a half bushels per acre. Not¬ 
withstanding the extreme drouth of 1854, and 
the excessive wet of 1855, with but one hoeing, 
he received an average yield of seventy (70) 
bushels per acre, of sound merchantable corn, j 
In some instances within that time, he had a 
much greater yield, but until he resorted to the 
use of salt in addition to plaster and ashes, he 
never could produce more than fifty bushels per 
acre, if as much as that.” To say nothing of 
the inconsistency of the above declaration, there 
is a looseness of statement, and an indefinite¬ 
ness of amount, greatly calculated to destroy 
the force of authority, especially when such ex¬ 
traordinary results are affirmed. There are too 
many abouts, and ift, and conditions, to inspire 
confidence in the accuracy of the experimenter. 
It might be interesting to know how much 
more than twenty bushels of sound corn to the 
acre Wm. D. Cook places to the credit exclusive¬ 
ly of one-half bushel of salt, we are not informed 
what other fertilizers were used, if any, or the 
mode of cultivation, soil, <fec., or whether these 
extraordinary results might not be attributed in 
part, at least, to the magical influence of “ terra 
culture,” which alone, according to some au¬ 
thorities, has given results equally remarkable ! 
I trust Mr. Wm. D. Cook will pardon my in¬ 
credulity, and excuse my frankness, when I 
assure him that the idea that half a bushel of 
salt has invariably given him an additional 
yield of twenty bushels of corn per acre, and 
upwards, smacks strongly of humbug, and is so 
classified in my agricultural diary. That 
chlorine, which is evolved by the chemical 
combination of ashes and salt in a limited 
quantity, is a powerful stimulant, is undoubted¬ 
ly true, but that it possesses the virtues claimed 
for it by Wm. D. Cook, is as preposterous as the 
claims set up by Prof. Comstock to the equally 
wonderful effects of “ Terra Culture.” Whether 
salt can be profi ably employed as a fertilizer 
in general fanning, must be tested by more ac¬ 
curate and reliable experiments than have been 
furnished by your late correspondent, Wm. D. 
Cook. YYith me the result was unfavorable, 
even ’''here the plant was not injured by con¬ 
tact with the compost. That it is destructive 
of vegetable life, when placed in contact with 
the growing plant, is fully established by one 
experiment, and to caution others against fol¬ 
lowing that mode of applying it to corn, was 
the object of my communication of the 17th of 
May last. • 
If it be true that salt, like many other artifi¬ 
cial manures, can be so applied as to stimulate 
the rapid growth of vegetation, it becomes a 
question of deep interest to agricultural progress, 
whether its constant application may not in the 
end be highly injurious, by exhausting the soil 
of its natuial elements of fertility. The grand 
purpose of agricultural science, is not so much 
to show how the soil can be soonest exhausted 
of the food upon which vegetation subsists, as 
to point out the means of replenishing it with 
those substances which are consumed by the 
process of vegetable growth. Too much manure 
that contains within itself food for plants, can¬ 
not be applied to the soil of Western New York, 
for the successful cultivation of Indian corn, 
and it cannot be of doubtful utility, because it 
increases in the soil the elements of vegetable 
production. Not so, however, with that other 
class of fertilizers which contain some of the 
elements of vegetable life. By chemical affini¬ 
ty and combination, they assist in liberating 
the positive elements of fertility contained in 
the soil, or held in solution by other manures, 
and thereby stimulate the rapid growth of 
vegetation. Thus, without contributing any 
support to the growing plant, they serve rapidly 
to exhaust and impoverish the soil, and unless 
this exhausting process is counteracted by a 
fresh supply of vegetable food in other manures, 
the effect will ultimately be pernicious in the 
last degree. To this class of fertilizers salt 
belongs, if it produces the effects claimed for it, 
where profusely applied, by Wm. D. Cook. 
Hence if it possesses the merits claimed for it 
by its advocates.it is of more than questionable 
utility, while its effects, if applied according to 
the recommendation to which I have before 
replied, are positively fatal. J. g. s. 
Alexander, N. Y., June 14, 1856. 
HEDGES VS. BOARD FENCES. 
Friend Moore :—Your correspondent, H., in 
the Rural of May 3Lst, has given us the modus 
operandi in building a board fence, but did not 
tell us the expense—so I will answer that, and 
say where lumber is worth $10 per 1000 feet, 
and labor $1 per day, such a fence as H. de¬ 
scribes will not cost less than $1,25 per rod,and 
consequently $125 for 100 rods. No wonder 
then, that the fences of our country cost so many 
millions. I propose to point out a better way, 
and figure a little in favor of hedges, to see if 
it will not be for our interest to dispense with 
costly and short-lived an affair as a board 
-at least after a few years. I think suffi- 
fence— ->riments have been made with the 
cient exp*. t0 p r0 ve- that it is sufficiently 
Osage range. , r c u ma te ) so that our farmers 
hardy to stand ou ^ fear ^ ^ 
mav now use it witbv. ' 
an ,f as it grows so rapio.’/r “" d "» lm ”6 ‘‘"MS 
will eat it. 1 should mueh « U hnythtug 
else. 
No* for the cost of an Osage Orange hedge. 
The plants for a rod (A3) will cost about 14 cents, 
and after the ground is prepared a man will se 
from 50 to 100 rods per day, according 
the'groua^'i^oidiQary cases will uot cost more 
than 3 cents per rod. So, then, allowing 14 
cents for plants, 3 cents for planting, and 3 for 
preparing the ground, and you have at first 
cost for a rod 20 cents; add to that 5 cents per 
rod annually, for weeding and pruning, and 
you have, at the expiration of five yeats, (the 
time usually necessary to bring them to perfec¬ 
tion as a fence,) a roost beautiful structure that 
no animal, however courageous or unruly, will 
want to run against but once, and at a cost per 
100 rods of only $45—leaving a balance in favor 
of hedges of $80 per 100 rods, to say nothing ol 
the beauty or durability of the hedge as com¬ 
pared with a board fence. 
« But,” says one, “ I like to see a board fence 
the best.” I ask, where is the lumber to come 
from in future years, when such heavy inroads 
are being made into our forests annually ?— 
“ Oh, there will be enough while I live.” Most 
likely, for “the wicked shall not live out halt 
their days.” The man who looks only at the 
present and self, and forgets what he might do 
to benefit those who shall come after him, is to 
be pitied truly. 
Why not, then, plant a monument which 
shall not only benefit you while living, but 
bless others when you are mouldering back to 
dust. R. 
Geneva, N. Y., 1866. 
LETTER FROM TEXAS. 
Ed. Rural New-Yorker: — You may have 
come to think that all your efforts to please 
will certainly have the desired effect, but let 
me advise you to make some slight amendment, 
or I shall begin to think hard of you— perhaps. 
After reading many of the excellent articles in 
your paper, who would ever have supposed that 
you could be guilty of cruelty ? Yet it is even 
so. Y'es, sir, you at least occasionally insert in 
the Rural beautiful cuts of the choicest varie¬ 
ties of the Pear, and other fruits, large and 
small. It is the height of cruelty thus to tan¬ 
talize those who live in a region where such 
things are not to be had. What shall you do ? 
you ask. Why, just leave them out,—or, if the 
most of your subscribers prefer their insertion, 
I am willing to comprotniseon fair terms. Just 
put me up a specimen, (one of the best, so that 
it will be fully equal to the “ picter,”)and send 
it along by Uncle Sam’s express ! What if the 
postage would cost you more than the subscrip¬ 
tion to your paper? We can’t submit to such 
cruelty without some recompense. 
And then may be you think your cuts of 
Cows, Sheep, <fcc., are very fine. But, sir, you 
“had ought" (as you Yankees say,) to see some 
of our glorious “ Spanish” stock of cattle. If I 
had a profile of one of them I would send it to 
you, just to let you see that your cattle are “no 
where.” They are, many of them, as fine as I 
ever saw—remarkably large and veil formed. 
Their horns are large and long, many of them 
having a double twist. They are sometimes 
six feet from point to point—not unfrequently 
five and five and a half. The cows generally 
are poor milkers, though the milk is very rich. 
Cattle, and other stock, usually do very well 
here without being fed at all in the winter, and 
many beeves are killed off the Range through¬ 
out the whole winter. 
The past winter is said to have been the cold¬ 
est in this Slate for the last thirty-five years, 
and as stock raisers here never make any pre¬ 
paration for feeding their out stock in winter, 
thousands and tens of thousands of cattle have 
died from poverty and exposure during the cold 
rains of the last of February and March. I 
suppose that more have died duiiog the past 
than in any winter—yes, than any five con-e. u- 
tive winters since the first settlement of the 
State. Other kinds of stock have not suffered 
so much. But few horses, mules, sheep or goats 
have died, while hogs have done remarkably 
well. Many persons are now ready to quit the 
business of cattle raising, in consequence of 
their losses, but they ought to have learned a 
lesson of providing for their stock. By so do¬ 
ing, many of the cattle which die eveiy winter 
would live much longer. A mowing machine 
and revolving hoise rake, on these prairies, 
would enable a stock raiser to provide any 
amount of excellent prairie hay for his stock, 
however large the herd. This could then be 
placed in ricks on the south side of a grove or 
skirt of timber, and enclosed or not, as circum¬ 
stances might require, so that cattle and horses 
might have free access to it during the cold 
“northers." Thus those that would otherwise 
die, would get through safely, and those that 
did, at any rate would be in much better order. 
Most of the cattle that died during the winter 
were old cows, yearlings, and cows with young 
calves. 
There is no doubt but this is one of the best 
States in the Union for the raising of stock of 
all descriptions. Nine years out of ten, proba¬ 
bly, stock need no feeding. Thousands and 
tens of thousands of them never taste a grain 
of corn or a handful of salt. I have seen corn 
fed to hungry cows, and they would eat the 
shuck (husk) and spit out the corn. It is the 
same case in regard to horses, and in buying a 
pony or mustang from a Mexican drove, it is a 
great recommendation to say that “he will eat 
corn.” The price of cattle is advancing. Three 
and four year old steers are worth from $12 to 
$15. Cows and calves about the same. “A 
stock of cattle,” including cowsand calves, and 
one and two year old steers and heifers, (of 
each class about an equal number.) are worth 
about $7 or $7.50 a head. A large stock could 
probably be had for about $0, while a small 
and perfectly gentle one would be worth about 
$ 8 . 
We have an excellent country here—a good 
soil generally . though very variable. I cannot, 
however, after having spent up wards of eighteen 
years in Missouri and Illinois, speak of this soil 
as at all to be compared with that in point of 
productiveness or ease of cultivation. Our bot¬ 
tom lands are very rich. Please understand 
this as a view of a very small portion of Texas, 
(only a small part of which I have seen,) and 
recollect that it is larger than five such States 
as New York. 
Our climate is delightful, especially in summer. 
We have a fine, brisk breeze from the South, 
commencing about 8 o’clock, A. M., and contin¬ 
uing till near night, and then commencing 
again about bed time and continuing till mid¬ 
night or after. Our nights are (almost without 
exception) cool and pleasant, making one or 
two good blankets very comfortable. Think of 
; that, while you Northerners can scarce bear a 
sheet on you 1 Away from the coast, and the 
large streams, the country is remarkably 
healthy. 
Wheat and corn look finely, and we have 
prospects of an abundant crop. Farmers are 
“ laying by” their corn, and some have already 
done so. Wheat will be ready to cut in about 
ten days. Sidney Seymour. 
Georgetown, Williamson Co., Texas, May, 1856. 
LETTER FROM NEBRASKA. 
Eds. Rural :—Directly north of Kansas, and 
west of the Missouri river, is the Territory of 
Nebraska. While the roar of cannon and the 
crack of the rifle are now heard in Kansas— 
while her citizens are indicted or arrested, and 
compelled to witness in open day-light the 
conflagration of their homes,—here all is peace ; 
no ill feeling, no peculiar institution to establish 
or protect. Our farmers are all busy breaking 
up their praiiie claims, and planting corn and 
potatoes, which they do not expect to cultivate 
by horse or hoe, and yet will realize profitable 
crops. 
No country that I have ever visited, (and I 
have been in sixteen States of the Union,) can 
compare in beauty and fertility with this. I 
have examined a hundred different localities, 
and the thinnest soil discovered was more than 
two feet in depth. It will avetage luore than 
three feet! “ What shall we do with out Btraw, 
stalks and manure ?" is practically answered by 
carting them to the river. Alorg the Missouri, 
on either side, there is a large growth of tim¬ 
ber, principally cotton-wood, winch makes good 
fuel, but poor boards, as they are very much 
warped by the sun. As we go west from the 
river no trees are seen, save small groves here 
and there, and lines of forest tunning for miles 
and as far as the eye can see, indicating the 
tortuous channel of a creek or river. 
Having purchased a horse and saddle,! start¬ 
ed due west in search of a claim. After going 
half a mile and ascending Capitol Hill, I faced 
my horse to the east, and vhat a prospect!— 
« God made the country” and man is making 
the town. Some fifty or sixty feet below me is 
a plain of several hundred acres, on which the 
city of Omaha is being built. Eighteen months 
since there were three cabins; now ahundred 
buildings nestle in the plain, and twenty or 
thirty more are under the hammer. Dtseend- 
ing this plain about twenty-five feet, and the 
eye rests on the “ bottom land" which extends 
one-fourth of a mile, and is then bounded by 
ihe Missouri, whose muddy waters can be seen 
for a dozen miles up and down. Across the 
river and in bold defiance, as if protecting its 
virgin soil, tower the steep bluffs of Iowa. 
But we turn from this enchanting view, and 
after descending a little we gradually rise, till 
suddenly the prairie, the green, wavy, almost 
hilly, treeless and boundless prairie bursts upon 
the astonished and enraptured beholder!— 
“What!” I exclaimed to rny companion, “can 
this be a new country ? It looks older than the 
Bloomfields of New Y'ork." Not a house, or 
fence, or tree scarcely relirved the view. The 
sun shone brightly through the dark blue sky— 
no bird-song greeted the ear—there was a pain 
of want. We hastened our pace—another and 
another green ridge is passed ; the scene is 
changed—a long line of trees lift their heavy 
green leavesabove the distantridge—ourtbirsty 
horses instinctively hasten their pace, and are 
soon quenching their thirst in the Big Pupillon. 
On the west bank of this creek lies my claim of 
320 acres, com posed of bottom land and rolling. 
To secure the privilege of purchasing this laud 
when in market, I became a member of the 
Claim Association, a citizen of the Territory, 
and agreed to make fifty dollarsimprovementon 
it in thirty days. It is uncertain when the Land 
Office will open—it may not before spring.— 
When it is open, I pre-empt 160 acres, and the 
Claim Association protect me in the purchase 
of the remaining 160 acres. 
In my next I will place before the young men 
who read your excellent paper, some induce¬ 
ments to visit Nebra-ka. 
Yours truly, I. H. Kellom. 
Omaha City, (N. T.) Jun*-. 1856. 
Inquiry for Butter Worker. —I wish to in¬ 
quire through the Rural, if you or any of your 
numerous readers can give any information in 
relation to a patent Butter Worker, which is very 
efficient in its operation, requiring but little la¬ 
bor to work thoroughly the butter of a large 
dairy in a short time. We have heard of such 
a worker, and that they are used somewhere in 
Central New York. We have heard, also, that 
a dairy maid can work with one of them twen¬ 
ty-five lbs. of butter, and silt it in the best 
manner, in five minutes. If any of your read¬ 
ers can tell us anything definitely about them, 
they will oblige— A Subscriber, iMnsing, N. 
Y., June, 1856. 
Plant no more ground than you can well 
manure, and cultivate to advantage. 
|!tal iotfs anti Jfttns. 
HAGAR’S IMPROVED HARROW. 
A few days since we were shown an im¬ 
provement in the manner of fastening adjusta¬ 
ble Harrow Teeth which struck us (and several 
experienced farmers who happened to be in the 
{sanctum,) as very valuable, By this improve¬ 
ment the teeth can easily be adjusted in an ob¬ 
lique or upright position, as preferred. They 
can also be raised or lowered, and held firmly, 
so as to harrow deep or shallow at the option of 
the cultivator. The front and rear sides of the 
tooth are held by cast iron brackets attached to 
the harrow beam, and fastened at any height by 
a holder in the center, having a nut on the op¬ 
posite end and side of the beam. The above 
cut is intended to represent the improvement. 
To set the tooth in an oblique position, it is 
only necessary to loosen the holder, or bolt, and 
change the lower part to the second notch or slot. 
This Harrow is manufactured by E. Nash, of 
Auburn, N. Y., to whose advertisement in this 
paper those interested are referred for particulars. 
--— 
Horse Exhibition. —The Onondaga County 
Agricuffliral Society will have a grand exhibi¬ 
tion of horses ou their Fair Grounds in Syra¬ 
cuse, on the 3d and 4th of July. Over $600 is 
offered in premiums, and competition is open 
to the whole State. The owners of fine horses 
are invited to present their animals at this 
show. On the evening of the Fourth there 
will be an exhibition appropriate to the day, 
consisting of fire-works, etc. The track for the 
exhibiting and exercising of horses is half 
a mile in extent and well graded. Ter¬ 
raced, seats will be provided for the accom¬ 
modation of spectators. It is the intention of 
the Society that the occasion shall surpass any¬ 
thing of the kind that has ever taken place in 
the State,—and from our know’edge of Mr. 
President Brown, and other officers and active 
members, we are confident the Exhibiton will 
be conducted in such a manner as to prove 
highly creditable and successful. 
Animal Manures. —Novel Mode of Applica¬ 
tion. —One of our go-ahead farmers in this 
vicinity being troubled, like “the rest of man¬ 
kind,” by the failure on the part of his corn to 
“sprout,” examined the matter thoroughly and 
came to the conclusion that the mice were mak¬ 
ing a run on the deposits and, as a consequence, 
a suspension of operations resulted. Filled 
with “ vengeance dire," he procured some cor¬ 
rosive sublimate and makiugadditions of water 
to the same, boiled a considerable quantity of 
corn therein, and “scattered ’ye seed” freely 
throughout his corn-field. Whether the pre¬ 
paration “tickled their palates” and was there¬ 
fore preferred to the original or not, cannot be 
told—however, the re-planted has been left to 
pursue the “even tenor of its way,” and the 
depiedafors are not at present to be seen. Re- 
quiescat in pace. 
The Merchant’s Clerk and the Plow-Boy. 
The young man who leaves ihe farm-field for 
the merchant’s desk, or the lawyer’s or doctor’s 
office, thinking to dignify or ennoble his toil, 
makes a sad mistake. He passes, by that step, 
from independence to vassalage. He barters a 
natural for an artificial pursuit, and he must be 
the slave 6f the caprice of customers and the 
chicane of trade, either to support himself or to 
acquire fortune. The more artificial a man’s 
pursuit, the more debasing is it morally and 
physically. To test it, contrast the merchant’s 
clerk with the plow-boy. The former may 
have the most exterior polish, but the latter, 
under his rough outside, possesses the tiuer 
stamina. He is the freer, franker, happier, and 
nobler man. Would that young men might 
judge of the dignity of labor by its usefulness 
and manliness, rather than by the superficial 
glosses it wears. Therefore, we never see a 
man’s nobility in his kid gloves and toilet 
adornments, but in that sinewy arm, whose out¬ 
line, browned by the sun, betoken a hardy, 
honest toilet, under whose farmer’s or mechan¬ 
ic’s vest a kingliest heart may beat.— Hunt's 
Merchant's Magazine. 
Ag’l Inventions. — By reference to the patent, 
list published in Mechanical Department of this 
week’s issue it will be observed that twelve pat¬ 
ents have been granted for inventions and im¬ 
provements in agricultural machinery. This is 
doing well for one week's labor. 
A Trial of Mowing Machines is to be had 
near Elmira, under the supervision of the Che¬ 
mung Co. Ag. Society, on Tuesday next, July 1. 
See notice in our advertising department. 
The French government have decided to es¬ 
tablish professorships of agriculture in all the | 
principal educational establishments in France. | 
COUNTRY LIFE. 
Happy the man who hath the town escaped ; 
To him the whistling trees, the murmuring brooks, 
The shining pebbles, preach 
Virtue’s and wisdom’s lore. 
The whispering grove a holy temple is 
To him, where God draws nigher to his soul; 
Each verdant sod a shrine, 
Whereby he kneels to heaven. 
The nightingale on him sings slumber down— 
The nightingales rewake him, fluting sweet. 
When shines the lovely red 
Of morning through the trees. 
Then he admires thee in the plain, O God t 
In the ascendii g pomp of dawning day, 
Thee in thy glorious sun ; 
The worm—the budding branch— 
Where coolness gushes, In the wavering grass, 
Or the flowers, the fountain streams, rests ; 
Iahaies the breath of prime, 
The gentle airs of eve. 
His straw-decked thatch, where doves bask in the sur, 
And play and hop, invites a sweeter rest 
Than golden halls of state 
Or beds of down afford. 
To him the plumy people sporting chirp, 
Chatter and whistle, on his basket perch, 
And from his quiet band 
Pick crumbs, or peas, or grains. 
Oft wanders he alone, and thinks on death ; 
And in the village churchyard, by the graves, 
Sits, and beholds the cross, 
Death’s waving garland there.' 
The stone beneath the elders, where a text 
Of scripture teaches joyfully to die ; 
And with his scythe stands Death, 
An ungel, too, with balms. 
Happy the man who thus hath ’scaped town I 
Him did an angel bless when he was bom— 
The cradle of the boy 
With flowers celestial strewed. 
f Boston Post. 
Agriculture.— A man in Framingham, Mass., 
has invented a “ planting machine.” It is hol¬ 
low, and of the shape and size of a walking- 
stick. Instead of the old laborious stooping 
and digging, the farmer has but to fill this with 
corn, or beans, and take a morning walk back 
and forth across his field, using his cane brisk¬ 
ly as he goes, and presto—the work is done ! 
“ Bent to the earth in hard but healthful toil,” 
henceforth becomes a figure of speech. Modern 
raachiuery is making sad havoc with the Poets, 
It turns their descriptions into nonsense. The 
sower no longer goes out 
“ To broadcast o’er the land.’* 
He gets the work done for him by an Iron¬ 
fingered Drill. There is no longer danger of 
muzzling “the ox that treadeth out the corn.” 
He has given up his place to the flail, and the 
flail in turn has been turned out by a Four- 
Horse Power Threshing Machine. Gone is the 
“ reaper’s sickle, ” and gone the “ ringing 
scythe.” We have only to hitch up a Reap¬ 
ing Machine, to do the work of forty. The 
“jocund Wine press” has lost its jocundity, and 
become a matter-of-fact Screw. Cowper not 
long ago sang of wintered stock : 
“No tender ewe can break her nightly fast, 
No heifer strong begin the cold repast, 
Till Giles with ponderous beetle foremost go, 
And scattering splinters fly at every blow.” 
Where are Giles and his ponderous beetle now ? 
Turned into a Turnip Cutter'. In the “good old 
time” folks made merry with songand dance at 
Harvest Home. Well they mighty for most of 
them had been half starved for six months be¬ 
fore, Now there are no more merry makings, 
for the harvest only crowns with new plecteous- 
ness the steady abundance of the Year.— Alba¬ 
ny Journal. 
Short Chapter on Seeds. —True, a seed is a 
seed ; but it is a good deal more than a seed. It 
is a history, and it is ready for another history. 
A whole summer is wrapped up in that pea. A 
whole summer wrought lo form that bean. A 
whole summer spent its time about that ear of 
corn. It came forth small as a needle. It 
stood tremulous and yellow for weeks, it waxed 
apace in June, it rustled in July, it stood up 
the noblest of all the grasses in August, with a 
many-fringed band of flowers on its lap, and 
with a little baby ear at its breast, with silken 
hair hanging down uncombed yet untangled, 
and spotted and powdered with pollen. This 
is the time to wander in the corn ! You are 
hidden at six steps. It is a pet forest. People 
ride past and wagons roll within a few rods of 
you, and you are unseeing and unseen. The 
wind comes in gentle puffs, and sets all the pli¬ 
ant sword leaves a-quake. Little birds that do 
not know that you are there, fly in and alight 
within hand reach, but at a glance, seeing their 
mistake, fly as if the tassel was hot and burned 
their feet! We see all that, in those barrels of 
Tuscarora corn, in that white flint corn, and in 
that yardlong ear of yellow flint.—H. W. 
Beecher. 
Rearing Calves. —We find it recommended 
in some of the papers, to give oat meal as asub- 
stitute for milk, in raising calves. Put a little 
dry oats-chop into a trough to teach them how. 
If they do not eat it of themselves, put a little 
of it into their mouths, and they will soon learn. 
After they have learned to eat it, give ihem a 
pint at a time, twice a day, with plenty of wa¬ 
ter, where they can reach it. They should 
have other food besides. Calves will grow well 
with this treatment. 
Feeding Horses. —A Louisiana physician re¬ 
commends, from his own experience^,he follow¬ 
ing mode of feeding horses :—1. Give them a 
good feed over night. 2. No grain in the morn¬ 
ing, but plenty of water. 3. Use the horses till 
eleven or twelve in the morning. 4. Rest them 
two or three hours, and give them a good feed 
while resting. In this way, he says a horse 
will be as fresh in the afternoon as in the morn¬ 
ing, and will last. 
