JULY 12. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
^ucatar. 
effort she had made to give her, (the oldest 
child,) sufficient education to teach. She told 
me of her own efforts to assist her mother by 
sending her nearly all her little wages, and of 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. her nightly studies to prepare herself for teach- 
EDUCATION IN WISCONSIN. ing a higher school. 
. I went home that night with my head full of 
Education is truly the Archimedean lever & reflectiong and d re 80 l ut ions, some of 
iaf. moves the. world, and the Common School , • , T , • , . tt,.. t__. 1 .. 
that moves the world, and the Common 
which I strictly kept. Ever after I was ready 
the fulcrum on which that lever rests, while to to f hfc , who showed the least disre- 
carry outLhe figure the school-master is the spect to a female teacher. THE HERRING, 
power that moves the lever. These facts are j a a fter years, when wealth and opportunity “Wn give in connection herewith, the portraits The herring, early in the spring, makes its 
realised and acted upon to some extent in Wis- wer(J Tn j nej j carr i e d au open hand, heart and of two denizensof the ocean, which play a 1 im- | appearance on the coast both sides of the At- 
consin, although there is still much 100 m for p urge> f or women striving against difficulties to portant part in the economy of human food.— j lantic, in schools of millions, so densely crowded 
improvement. We have a liberal and well 01 - honorable positions. Miss Lilly lived to Neither of them, in their individual capacity, | together as to discolor the water for miles. They 
dered fund, have adopted and put in practice wealth and fame, and a rich store of love has anything remarkable, either in size or ap- i are made a prey by various kinds of voracious 
the free school system, and the school-master is ^ ^ ^ wh(jm ghe ming]e(L _ S deded. 
« abroad.” All, whether rich or poor, can alike . _ 
enjoy the advantages of an elementary educa¬ 
tion and none are condemned to unavoidable 
pearance, and it is only in their aggregate char- fish and birds, which hover on the outskirts of 
acter, that they exercise so great and beneficent the schools like vultures on the march of an 
j j ^ - EDUCATION IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. an influence upon the human race. Without army; and they are taken by the fishermen in 
tion and none are condemned to unavoid.i > e - the herring in particular, the inhabitants of quantities equal to thousands of barrels at a 
ignorance. ■ I have heard the remark made, that educa- many cold and inhospitable countries, such as time. The migration of the herring to the 
According to the report of our State Supei in- jq on j Q our country is quite peculiar, and is the Islands on the North and West of Scotland, bays, coves, and shallow waters along shore, is 
tendent, the capital of the fund in Decernbei, s t r i c tly an American system, and that all our would be unable to subsist; and even in more in obedience to a law of their natures, which 
1855 , was $1,897,269.30, which capital is lapid- e ff or t 8 ought to be bent to develop and perfect temperate climates they would, in the loss of requires the spawn to be deposited in such places, 
ly increasing from various sources. The in- ifc as an American system, independently of these fish, be deprived of an important element Light and air are indispensable for vivifyi D g 
crease of 1855, was $227,010.53. Duiing the precedents. This all sounds very well, and of human subsistance. the ova, hence the approach of the fish to shore, 
past year ending Sept. 1st, 1855, there was re- w j d serve to point the harangue of a demagogue 
ceived from all sources, for school purposes, the w ] 10 bas gome end of his own to accomplish.— 
sum of $264,764.03, of which $216,542.72 was p ag ^ an y ra tq ona i and definite siguifica- 
lgnorance. 
expended for teachers wages. 
tion ? One of our aborigines might talk quite 
There are in the State 3,584 school districts, consistently and intelligibly of an American 
and the number of children attending school S y S tem of education, and might point to a train- 
the past year ending Sept. 1st, was 122,4o2. j n g i n the use of the bow for war, and for hunt- 
The report recommends no radical change in j n g ^p e Jeer an( l the buffalo, and to wigwam 
our present system, but a slight modification so discipline. The Chinese, the Hindoo, and the 
that villages can better enjoy the benefits of a jj 0 tt e ntot might also each claim a sysfem pecu- 
well devised system of graded schools. Also ii ar to his countiy. ^|t 
that Natural History be added to the studies But of the nations who lie within the stream 
now specified by law, particularly that part em- European and Christian civilization, how is ^ I flu MACKEREL. 
bracing the elements of Botany, Zoology, and it p 0SS ible for any one to claim independence 5 ^phe mackerel is a very beautiful fish. Like nearly two hundred thousand pounds sterling. 
Geology. r - r - L - of the past, whether in science and letters, in the herring it migrates in schools and is in this These fish are destitute of scales, the smootlie 
Lima, Wis., Juno, 18C6. arts, in religion, in government,or in education 1 way sought out and captured by the fisher- covering of their backs is variegated with min- 
> ^ Are not the roots of modern Europe spread m en. They are caught in great quantities gled colors of white and blue, while the belly 
MISS LILLY AND HER PUPIL. through the past, and are not we an outgrowth along the coast of New England, and the Brit- is of a silver white. It is usually caught 
Mt father was a farmer, and a practical man, of modem Europe ? The men who first settled j s h Provinces, salted and packed in barrels for with a hook, which is frequently baited with a 
who alwavs had as good crops and stock as the this countr 7 came frora Europe, with thoughts the inland trade. There is also a mackerel fish- bit of red cloth at which the fish bites with 
country produced He wished his children to which they had thought there, with principles ery on the West coast of England which em- avidity. One person attends two lines, haulmg 
be educated well, so far as the stone school- whicb the 7 had g ained tliere ’ aad to P lantbcre ploys great numbers of men and a capital of them in alternately, 
house of the district afforded facilities. It institutions which had sprung up there; es- 
pleased him to see them stand at the head of raping, it may be, from impediments, persecu¬ 
te spelling class, and to hear that they wrote tions and oppression, which at the time were in 
the best hand in school. He was one of the the ascendant there, to find here a fairer climate 
Geology. n. 
Lima, Wis., June, 1856. 
MISS LILLY AND HER PUPIL. 
Mt father was a farmer, and a practical man, 
bit of red cloth at which the fish bites with 
avidity. One person attends two lines, liauliDg 
caping, it may be, from impediments, persecu- <v y Yf Y * PACTS ABOUT OUR COUNTRY, 
tions and oppression, which at the time were in lilt 104 . . . ’ . 
the ascendant there, to find here a fairer climate ^ The territorial limits of the United States 
and a more genial soil, and to breathe a purer ■ - include somewhat more than one-third of the 
air of freedom ; but, Europeans, nevertheless, SINGULAR NAMES. area of the continent of North America. The 
with European ideas, and ideas, too, running " , superficial area of the Union amounts to two 
back twenty centuries, the golden and imper- Tub Ham P sbire Gazette sa Y s the “ e * millions nine hundred and thirty-six thousand 
ishable links of thought binding together the monals of William Shattuck, lately published 0De hundred and sixty-six square miles. At 
nnst nresent and future b 7 Lemuel Shattuck, Esq., of Boston, we find t ^ e c j ose 0 f tb e Revolutionary War in 1783, the 
trustees of the district, and was very particular aad a raore S enial soll > and to breathe a P urer 
in selecting teachers, so much so that it came to air of freedom; but, Europeans, nevertheless, 
be understood, that if Captain Humphreys was with European ideas, and ideas, too running 
pleased, that was at once a passport to the favor back twenty centuries, the golden and imper- 
of the whole district. A man was employed to i* babl « bak * of bought bindin S to S etber tbe 
SINGULAR NAMES. 
- , * “ . rnst nresent and future ujf nemua -- tne close oi tne revolutionary n ar in 1100, me | 
tool. He school in Wl.te,) ^enlarge boys »nd 1 , 1 science, our arts, our literature, with one that Simon Shattuck of Fitchburg named three Iimit8 of the Uniled Slates did not exceed 
girls were in attendance, and a woman e , . Euronean origin Our sons Shadrach, Meshac, and Abednego; Abel 820,680 square miles. Louisiana, purchased in 
the post in summer. To the former four dollars theSbrms of our worship the very de- Shattuck of Coleraine, named the male of a pair l803> ha d an extent of 999,589 square milt s, or 
a week were paid without a m^rmir, but to te ^ which WQ are dividecl _Ihese of twins Truman, and the female Truly ; this more territory than was included in the origi- 
latter one dollar was considered ample compen- 
- - -;-f - J . are European also The spirit of our constitu- Truman Shattuck named a girl Truly Ann, and nal states. By the acquisition of Florida, 
sat ion. My father was usually a jus, an e- ^ ^ fo {j nd ^ ^ E lis J constituUon . Qur Trul J Shattuck named a girl Emeline Truly ; Texas an d New Mexico, a great deal more ter- 
When I was in my tenth year im unioQ of our State8 was preceded by the union basse ’ Sera P h » Se 7 neda ' Sarepta, berada, and more that three fold. The American Republic 
frolic, a perfect hater ° f ^ of Stafce8 in Holland.-//Ly P, Tappan, LL. J)., Thisb ^ Athaha ‘ . a territorial extent nearly ten times as large 
and at enmity with teaclieis m geneial, t t e p, ., Mr. Shattuck, in Ins remarks upon some of a8 that of Great Britain and France combined. 
and at enmity with teachers in general, there of States in Holland.—7/*nry P, Tappan, LL. D., 
came to teach our summer school a delicate in American Journal of Education. 
looking girl who could not have numbered more FIBST COIjIiE q E \n VIRGINIA. 
than seventeen years. Her fair face, deep blue _ 
eyes, and clustering auburn curls, her soft man- The first College in Virginia, and the second 
_ ___ these names, says:—“ Singularity ot taste is j t j 8 one-sixth less only than the area covered 
FIRST COLLEGE IN VIRGINIA. not peculiar to our family ; we once had under by the fifty-nine Empires,States and Republics 
- our instruction in Detroit, a family, whose sons Europe. 
The first College in Virginia, and the second were named One Stickney, Two Stickney, Qver two-fifths of the National Territory is 
ners and graceful movements, at once won the in t b is country, was called William and Mary, Three Stickney, and whose daughters were drained by the Mississippi river and its tribu- 
admiration of the little girls, who treated her f rom t b e sovereigns by whom its charter was named First Stickney,Second Stickney, and so tarieg _ The frontier line of the United States 
with the most gentle affection. 
The older heads of the district w'ere shaken 
granted in 1692. On being chartered it received y n . The three elder children of a family nearer 
a grant of 1,9857 in money, 20,000 acres of land, Lome, were named Joseph, And, Another, and 
on the British possessions is 3,803 miles. This 
is about the distance between Liverpool and 
in doubt that one so youthful and gentle could an d one penny on every pound of tobacco that it has been supposed that should they have any ^qbany. Massachusetts constitutes one three 
control and teach the band of mischief-loving should be exp0 rted from Virginia and Mary- mo re, they might have named them Also, More- hundred and eightidh parfc of the national area, 
children that thronged the school-house. Miss j and> Two years afterwards the Legislature over, Nevertheless and Notwithstanding. An- territories are larger in extent than the 
Carey, or Miss Lilly, as she wished to be called, fixed ita i <)Ca ti on a t Williamsburgh—the oldest other family actually named their child Finis, g tateg of the Union, the difference in favor of 
was soon so firmly enthroned in the hearts oi incorporated town in the State, and the capital supposing it was their last, but they happened former being 7,946 square miles. The ten 
all, both old and young, that their doubts gave un ui 1779—and made additional grants by afterward to have a daughter and two sons, j arge8 t states have an area that exceeds by 
place to earnest efforts for her success. A cl is- which it obtained an annual income of upwards whom they called Addenda, Appendix and qqq square miles the extent of the other 
obedient urchin soon found himself so unpopu- of 3 000 /. These funds, however, were after- Supplement. Another parent set out to per- twenty-one States. Seventy per cent, of the 
lar, that he was glad to pay his way back to wards g rea tly reduced'. The first President petuate the names of the twelve patriarchs, but w u 0 l e territory of the Union is west of the 
favor by becoming a pattern of piopiiety. was the Rev. James Blair, D. D., who was for- the mother wept because she had not the where- Mississippi river. The slaveholding States 
I saw all this, yet I could not consent to yield jnally inaugurated in 1729, and died in 1742. — withal to bear the last two names. have 851,508 square miles, and the non-slave- 
my independence, as I thought, for I considered Christian Instructor. -- holding States 913,597 square miles. Eight of 
myself too much of a man to be longer under - HISTORICAL TABLE. the largest States have an area as large as the 
petticoat government. I assumed a lawless air, Desultory Study.— A person enamored by -—- remaining twenty-three. The New England 
and amused myself by playing various tricks the charms of universal knowledge, and flying 1607. Virginia first settled by the LngUsh. statflg have about one-fortieth of the territory 
upon my more obedient neighbors. Miss Lilly from the pursuit of one science to another, is 1614. New York first settled by the Dutcn. included in the Union.— Selected. 
reproved me gently, but 1 was not willing to like a child gathering shells on the sea-shore. 1620. Massachusetts settled by the Puritans. 
acknowledge the power of kindness. He first loads himself indiscriminately, with as 1623 . New Hampshire settled by the Puritans. 
One day, in class, the word patch was given many as he can carry ; but when tempted by 1624. New Jersey settled by the Dutch. ^ jJT JY1|'T |Y ti VrvllTITBl* 
me to spell. In rapid succession I spelled others of a gayer appearance, he throws the 1627. Delaware settled by the Swedes and Fins. J * 
patch, patched, patched dress, pointing at the former away ; thus he continues throwing and 1635. Maryland settled by Irish Catholics. . —r 
same time to her well worn garment, which had rejecting, till fatigued and bewildered in his 1635. Connecticut settled by the Puritans. Written for Mooro’s Rural New-Yorker, 
been neatly darned in various places. Instead choice, he throws all away, and returns home 1636. Rhode Island settled by Roger Williams. miscellaneous enigma. 
whole territory of the Union is west of the 
Mississippi river. The slaveholding Sthtes 
have 851,508 square miles, and the non-slave- 
holding States 913,597 square miles. Eight of 
the largest States have an area as large as the 
remaining twenty-three. The New England 
States have about one-fortieth of the territory 
included in the Union.— Selected. 
UouHf.s (jktttH. 
been neatly darned in various places. Instead choice, he throws all away, and returns home 
of the laugh which I expected to raise, a feeling without a single shell. Such is reading and 
of horror, like an electric shock, pervaded every study, without some definite object. 
member of the school. Little faces, pale with -«•—*>- 
anger, and eyes flashing indignation, were \y E study nature to see the laws of God in 
turned upon me from all sides. matter, that,co-operating with them intelligent- 
1650. North Carolina settled by the English. 
1670. South Carolina settled by the Huguenots. 
1682. Pennsylvania settled by William Penn. 
1733. Georgia settled by General Oglethorpe. 
1791. Vermont admitted into the Union. 
1792. Kentucky admitted into the Union. 
anger, and eyes flashing indignation, were We study nature to see the laws of God in 1733. Georgia settled oy uenerai ugiemurp 
turned upon me from all sides. matter, that,co-operating with them intelligent- 1791. Vermont admitted into the Union. 
Miss Lilly first blushed to her eyes, then pale ly, we may multiply works of beauty and 1792. Kentucky admitted into the Union, 
and trembling sank to her chair, while she utility for man’s pleasure and material profit; 1739. Tennessee admitted into the Union, 
forced back the tears that gathered in her eyes, and more, it is becoming evident that a wise 1802. Ohio admitted into the Union. 
Suddonly all that little band gathered around political economy demands that these studies 1811. Louisiana admitted into the Union, 
her, twining their arms about her neck, kissing should be open to all, in order that all the gen- 1816. Indiana admitted into the Union, 
her face and hands, and showing every kind- ius for invention and use, wherewith God has 1817. Mississippi admitted into the Union, 
ness that little sympathizing heartscould devise, endowed men of all conditions, should be culti- 1818. Illinois admitted into the Union. 
It being the hour for dismissing the evening vated and used to swell the wealth of nations. 1819. Alabama admitted into the Union. 
school, Miss Lilly sent all away with a kind --- 1820. Maine admitted into the. Union. 
kiss, until I alone remained; she then said A Man must be master of his learning, and Missouii admitted into the Union, 
gently, "Albert you may be dismissed.” I was not be mastered by it. The learning of Mather l ddd - Michigan admittei in o t ie nion. 
completely subdued, and quietly leaving the fastened upon his mind like the withering and 1836. Arkansas admitted into t le nion. 
house seated myself under a tree by which she strangling ivy ; thatof Southey is sustained by 1845. Florida admitted into t e nion. 
must pass. him as graceful as the tendrils of a vine, and 1845. Texas admitted into t e nion. 
When she came, with tears trickling down adorns him with fruit as with clusters of grapes. 1846. Iowa admitted into tie 
m, cherts, 1 begged pardon for ,„y mMeede. -Ooelh,. 1848. Wisconsin admitted into the Umo 
She wiped the tors from my eyes, and seating -—- «*»• * d ““* d “ to fl,e ^ 
me by her side, talked to me as I never before Sometimes there is an overstrained effort to - 
had heard woman talk. In that hour I felt my- make language simple. The nursery dialect is Words are little things, but they stril 
me by her side, talked to me as I never before 
had heard woman talk. In that hour I felt my¬ 
self a changed being ; and ambition was born 
1846. Iowa admitted into the Union. 
1848. Wisconsin admitted into the Union. 
1850. California admitted into the Union. 
Words are little things, but they strike hard. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA; 
I am composed of 13 letters. 
My 13,1, 9, 8 , 2, 8 is a country in S. America. 
My 8 , 2, 12 is a cape in North America. 
My 3,4, 4, 7 is a wild animal. 
My 6,5, 8 , 13 is a farming utensil. 
My 11 , 12, 3, 9, 8 , 10, 8 is one of the States. 
My 13,5,4,4,2 is a range of mountains in New 
England. 
My 13, 7, 8 , 12, 6 is a lake in New England. 
My whole is what every farmer should at¬ 
tend to. 
Cambria Center, N. Y., 1856. 
5g|T Answer next week. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM. 
Four women own a ball of butter five inches 
in diameter. It is agreed that each shall take 
her share separately from the surface of the 
ball. How many inches of its diameter shall 
each take ? 
Onondaga Valley, 1856. R. R. S. 
Answer next week. 
introduced. Such efforts are commonly failures We wield them so easily that we are apt to for- Answer to National Enigma in ho. 33J . 
to become °good, great and rich, that I might even as to the clearness of the ideas communi- get their hidden power. Fitly spoken, they Y ankee Doodle. 
help such women as Miss Lilly. cateci. Clear, exj 
She told me of her infirm father, of her moth- child can understi 
er’s labors to support her little ones, and of the elevated English. 
cated. Clear, explicit statements of what the tall like the sunshine, the dew and fertilizing Answer to Mathematical Problem in No. 339: 
child can understand, can be given best in good rain, but when unfitly, like the frost, the hail, There are several answers,which are correct; 
and desolating tempest. 
one is 94 sheep, 1 hog and 5 cattle. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
MIDNIGHT MUSINGS. 
’Tis good betimes to meditate on death— 
To turn our minds towards eternity, 
Leaving behind the alluring things of earth, 
And giving thought free range on fancy’s wing, 
By reason and by revelation led, 
Compare what has been, is, and is to be. 
Within the coffin’s narrow bounds methonght 
I lay ; my earthly pilgrimage had ended, 
The race of life was run—itg goal was reached ; 
Earth’s last bequest had been at length received— 
An humble coflin and a winding sheet. 
Places which knew me once knew me no more ; 
The pageantry of life, its daily rounds, 
Its happy day-dreams, and its fond desires, 
Its bitter lessons, and its untold griefs 
Were numbered now among the things that were. 
A company is gathering to perform 
The obsequious funereal, to pay 
The last sad token of respect, and look 
The last time on those features cold in death. 
Some have come with sorrowing hearts, for all 
Have friends ; and e’en the vilest wretch will find 
A mourner at his grave. Others have come 
Because the custom of the age demands 
The rite, and they must weep when mourners weep, 
And show a ready sympathy for grief. 
Still others come to see what may be seen, 
And hear what may be heard. They know that death 
Has found another victim—that a soul 
Has gone to meet its Maker and its Judge ; 
But with a cold indifference, they see 
And hear, and as an idle tale, they soon 
Forget it, and the impression is erased. 
And now gather round the bier. That face, 
The so-called mirror of the soul, receives 
Their gaze with meaningless placidity ; 
And love, or hate, or scorn, may have been felt 
By some who cast a glance upon the clay 
Now lifeless ; and they may feel wrongly still ; 
But whatsoe’er the thoughts with which they gaze, 
’Tis all the same—the sleeper recks it not; 
Those features show no workings of a mind ; 
The soul has left its tenement of clay. 
Oh ! ye who gather round that prostrate dusi, 
Judge not too harshly ; bury all remembrance 
Of faults and errors, inconsistencies, 
Erratic wanderings from wisdom’s path, 
Its follies and its sins, within the grave 
To which that form is soon to be consigned 1 
Remember that it too was mortal, that 
We all are mortal, and that all must die, 
And all forgive, as you would be forgiven. 
And now, the corpse within the silent tomb 
Has been deposited ; the motley throng 
Have gone their ways. Time rolls its onward course. 
And in a very few short years I am 
Forgot by all. Thus endeth man’s 
Existence here. Humiliating thought! 
Oh 1 who can vain ambition entertain, 
When thus they reason upon life and death ? 
Who would consent to spend long years of toil 
To gain renown or fame, so soon forgot? 
Or if remembered, may be ’tis with scorn, 
Or hatred, or contempt; thus furnishing 
A commentary on this mortal life, 
Which all may read and from which all may learn. 
Gkokgii Ewkr. 
LONG SERMONS. 
A writer in tbe London Quarterly Review, 
in an article entitled “ Home Heathenism,” 
makes the following comment on “ the immod¬ 
erate length of sermons,” which we shall extract 
for the benefit of the clergy and others : 
The length of the modern sermon is a great 
disadvantage and a growing evil; but it is not 
the main cause of listlessness in the hearer—for 
it is not the hist portion which tires us ; we are 
tired before we get that relief; and there are 
long sermons which never appear long. The 
fault is both in the matter and the style. The 
topics are too generally stale, and extremely 
limited in their range; the public mind wants 
variety and freshness. The mass of the truths 
uttered from the pulpit need no proof; it is an 
idle waste of patience and skill to offer it. If 
all repetitions of thought were excluded, and the 
best of the remainder were alone retained, ser¬ 
mons would not be so unreasonably long. And 
generally the style is too verbose; it is not 
close, compact, nervous. The rule might be, to 
see how much space the gold can be made to 
cover; the practice is, not to he perspicuous, 
convincing,brief. The word-painter fails to ex¬ 
hibit his own thought, probably because it is 
nob clearly conceived by himself; for he who 
thinks clearly and vigorously will express him¬ 
self with sufficient perspicuity ; thought shapes 
the style. The one radical error, not universal, 
but general, is excessive verbiage —“ the seven 
grains are hid under a bushel of chaff.” We 
are of opinion that it is the sin of the age ; and 
indiscreet persons freely bestow their praises 
upon young ministers—especially if they have 
plenty of bold “figures.” 
Beauty of Solitude. —Unthinking heads, 
who have not learned to be alone, are in a prison 
to themselves, if they are not also with others ; 
whereas, on the contrary, those whose thoughts 
are in a fair and hurry within, are sometimes 
fain to retire into company to be out of a crowd 
themselves. He who must needs have company, 
must sometimes have bad company. Be 
able to be alone; lose not the advantage of 
solitude and the society of thyself, nor be only 
content, but delight to be alone and single with 
Omuipotency. Unto him who is thus prepared, 
the day is not uneasy, nor the night black. 
Darkness may bound his eyes, not his imagi¬ 
nation. In his bed he may lie, like Fompey 
and his sons, in all quarters of the earth ; 
may speculate the universe, and enjoy the whole 
world in the hermitage of himself.— Selected. 
Human affections are the leaves, the foliage of 
our being — they catch every breath, and in the 
burden and heat of the day they make music 
and motion in a sultry world. Stripped of its 
foliage, how unsightly is human nature. 
It is unnatural for a Christian’s tongue to be 
larger than his hand. 
.. . .............. 
